HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 11631
City of Palo Alto (ID # 11631)
City Council Staff Report
Report Type: Study Session Meeting Date: 2/22/2021
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Council Priority: Climate/Sustainability and Climate Action Plan,
Transportation and Traffic
Summary Title: 2021 S/CAP Strategies
Title: Status Report on 2021 Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (S/CAP)
Development and Engagement
From: City Manager
Lead Department: Public Works
Recommendation
This is report is intended to support discussion and no action is requested.
Executive Summary
Consistent with Council’s adoption of “Climate Change – Protection and Adaptation” as one of
the four priorities for CY 2021, Staff is developing a 2021 Sustainability and Climate Action Plan
(S/CAP) to help the City meet its sustainability goals, including its goal of reducing greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 (the “80 x 30” goal). Council last
discussed the Major Goals and Key Actions related to greenhouse gas emissions reduction1 on
June 16, 2020. Amidst the backdrop of a global pandemic, an economic downturn, and other
challenging events, Council directed Staff to continue with its work on finding strategies to
achieve the 80 x 30 goal. Staff has devoted extensive analytical and research efforts to
estimating the GHG reduction potential of proposed strategies, estimated costs, and additional
sustainability co-benefits (such as improved local air quality or reduced cost of living). The
status of the 2021 S/CAP was detailed at the February 3, 2021 Utilities Advisory Commission
Meeting2.
The full analysis will soon be completed. Before that is ready to be presented to Council, Staff
will report on the status and seek Council feedback on the 2021 Sustainability and Climate
Action Plan (S/CAP). This study session will provide the Council and the public an opportunity to
review the current direction of the S/CAP work effort and key next steps.
1 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?t=59513.75&BlobID=77028
2 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/80035
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Background
In April 2016, City Council adopted the ambitious goal of reducing GHG emissions to 80 percent
below 1990 levels by 20303 (the “80 x 30” goal) - 20 years ahead of the State of California 80 x
50 target. In November 2016 the Council adopted the S/CAP Framework4, which has served as
the road map for achieving Palo Alto’s sustainability goals. In December 2017, Council accepted
the 2018-2020 Sustainability Implementation Plan “Key Actions” as a summary of the City’s
work program5.
In early 2020, the City launched an S/CAP update to determine the goals and key actions
needed to meet its sustainability goals, including the 80 x 30 goal. Staff drafted Potential Goals
and Key Actions in seven areas - Energy, Mobility, Electric Vehicles, Water, Climate Adaptation
and Sea Level Rise, Natural Environment, and Zero Waste - as a starting point for discussion.
Since then, the City has solicited feedback from the community through a virtual on-demand
S/CAP Community Engagement Workshop (March 31 – April 14, 2020), the City of Palo Alto
Sustainability website6, and at the April 13, 2020 City Council Meeting7. Staff reviewed all
feedback received between January 22, 2020 and April 30, 2020 and incorporated it into
updated Proposed Goals and Key Actions that were presented to Council at the June 16, 2020
Council Meeting8. Also in June 2020, the Proposed Goals and Key Actions were discussed by the
Utility Advisory Commission9, the Planning and Transportation Commission10, and the Parks and
Recreation Commission11. From September to December 2020, Staff hosted a fall S/CAP
Webinar Series12 to provide information and engage the community on various topics of the
2021 S/CAP. At the February 3, 2021 Utilities Advisory Commission Meeting13, Staff provided an
update on the current direction of the 2021 S/CAP work effort and the detailed and actionable
results staff intends to deliver.
Discussion
For the City to continue progress towards its climate and sustainability goals and targets, an
update of the S/CAP is necessary to further study the highest impact actions to take. The 2016
S/CAP Framework provided direction and overall goals through 2020. The intent was to update
the S/CAP every five years and develop more granular five-year work plans and short-term
programs, rather than attempt to build a detailed 14-year work plan.
3 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/news/displaynews.asp?NewsID=3534&TargetID=268
4 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/60858
5 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/63141
6 http://cityofpaloalto.org/climateaction
7 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?t=53475.02&BlobID=76048
8 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?t=59513.75&BlobID=77028
9 http://cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/77112
10 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/77435
11 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/77463
12https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/services/sustainability/sustainability_and_climate_action_plan/community_enga
gement/default.asp
13 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/80035
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Although these are unprecedented times, with a global pandemic, an economic downturn, and
other challenging events, Council directed Staff to continue with its work on developing
strategies to achieve the ambitious 80 x 30 goal. Staff reviewed the goals and actions in the
2016 S/CAP Framework, the 2018-2020 Sustainability Implementation Plan, the 2018 Zero
Waste Plan, the 2030 Comprehensive Plan, the Urban Sustainability Directors Network
Greenhouse Gas Reduction High Impact Practices, and the Carbon Neutral Cities Alliance Game
Changers list to draft potential strategies, which were then refined based on community,
Council, and Commission feedback. Staff reviewed the Climate Action Plans of several other
Cities, but none of the strategies reviewed have the specificity, detail, or scope needed to meet
the 80 x 30 goal. Staff has devoted extensive analytical and research efforts to estimating the
GHG reduction potential of proposed strategies, estimated costs, and additional sustainability
co-benefits (such as improved local air quality or reduced cost of living). Staff, with technical
assistance from the City’s consultant, AECOM, has taken on this extensive analysis because the
standard tool that most cities use – the ICLEI ClearPath tool – does not allow for the inclusion of
the unique characteristics of Palo Alto (land use patterns, Electric Vehicle penetration, etc.) and
does not have GHG calculators for the detailed strategies proposed.
As the analysis is progressing, a clear story is developing. First, it’s clear that rapid action is
needed to hold global warming to 1.5°C (3.7°F), the average global temperature at which the
world begins to experience significant impacts from climate change. The world has already
experienced 1°C (2.5°F) of warming. To inform policy decisions, work is under way to identify
how Palo Alto’s goals align with global carbon reduction needs to achieve these global warming
goals. It is also clear that achieving the emissions reductions needed will be challenging both
logistically and financially. Still, early analysis is revealing that the scale of expenditure is such
that the community may be able to achieve the city’s goals through ambitious actions if there is
sufficient consensus to support significant community-wide investment. More work is needed
to produce cost estimates that are ready for public presentation, but the scale of spending, if
financed over decades, appears likely to be similar to current annual community expenditures
on energy. Staff is working to describe how such costs might be financed and distributed in a
way potentially acceptable to the community and will be looking to Council for direction on
these issues. Staff is also examining impacts to groups with less ability to reduce emissions due
to logistical or financial limitations, such as renters, multi-family building owners, small
businesses, and lower-income residents, to propose strategies that take these community
members’ needs into consideration.
In general, this has led to identification of a series of high-level principles to guide analysis and
the development of a proposed strategy:
•Assume extensive education and outreach will be needed in the community to build
awareness of the need for action, the urgency of action, and to communicate what
individuals can do to make a difference.
•Find ways to help early adopters take action. Programs must be comprehensive and
easy to participate in. A good customer experience (including in permitting and utility
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upgrade processes) is critical to create positive stories that will encourage others to
participate as well.
•Neighborhood-level action should be promoted and rewarded due to the positive cost
benefits, and because it is a way to demonstrate how to scale programs up.
•Demonstrate care for small businesses, renters, and low-income residents, finding ways
to make participation easier, minimizing impacts, and providing financial incentives
were needed.
•Seek ways to leverage outside funding to expand the City’s impact once momentum
builds.
•Partner with major employers to reduce emissions in ways that align with corporate
sustainability goals.
•Only when the community is ready should these efforts be fully scaled up using
mandates, carbon pricing, or other systemic tools that may require voter approval. But
the City should act with the intent of making the community ready as soon as possible,
preferably in the 2022 to 2024 time period.
•To give the community confidence, before going to scale, clear, documented strategies
are needed for staffing to handle large numbers of building projects, the utility physical
and financial adaptation needed, rate impacts and affordability, resiliency needs, and
other indirect impacts.
Staff is developing the following work products to enable Council policy discussion and
decisions:
•A 2019 GHG inventory and Business as Usual Forecast to show how much GHG
reduction will be achieved if we only implement policies and plans that Council has
already adopted and follow California-wide goals and regulations.
•A policy framework to identify the different ways emissions reductions might proceed
under different implementation plans, how those scenarios relate to the emissions
reductions needed to hold global warming to 1.5°C (3.7°F), and the costs associated with
achieving the goals in different ways, including the costs of inaction or delayed action.
•An assessment of the co-benefits of the various S/CAP strategies.
•A detailed assessment by sector of the building and vehicle transformations needed to
achieve the goals and the costs of those transformations. Also included are the potential
policy tools that could be used to achieve these transformations and the limitations of
the tools available to effect change in some sectors.
•A preliminary assessment of the various financing tools available for making the costs of
the S/CAP more manageable.
Timeline
The current estimated timeline for release of the S/CAP update is as follows:
•April 2021: Climate Change Work Plan and Earth Day Report Study Session with the
results of the 2019 greenhouse gas inventory and Business as Usual Forecast
•May 2021: Council study session on high-level results of technical analysis of the goals
and key actions needed to meet the 80 x 30 goal
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• April / May 2021: Public engagement begins on topics discussed with Council
• Spring 2021: Detailed results of technical analysis completed, including the costs and
efficacy of goals and key actions proposed to achieve the 80 x 30 goal. Hearings at
boards and commissions will take place along with public outreach events.
• Summer 2021: S/CAP presented to Council for acceptance
• By December 2021: California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) evaluation completed
• By December 2021: S/CAP with CEQA Review presented to Council for approval
Stakeholder Engagement
Staff has pursued a 2021 S/CAP engagement plan which identifies relevant stakeholders,
proposed materials, and desired meeting milestones and outcomes. Key steps to date have
been a March 31 – April 14, 2020 Community Engagement Virtual Workshop; Council Study
Sessions on April 13, 2020 and June 16, 2020; a Utilities Advisory Commission Study Session on
May 20, 2020; June 2020 Study sessions with the Utilities Advisory Commission, Planning and
Transportation Commission, and Parks and Recreation Commission; and a Fall 2020 S/CAP
Webinar series to highlight various topics addressed in the 2021 S/CAP. Topics covered in the
Fall 2020 S/CAP Webinar series included: an overview of the Sustainability and Climate Action
Plan, Sea Level Rise, All-Electric Homes, Transportation, and the Natural Environment. The
webinar recordings, PowerPoint presentations, and questions and answers can be found on the
S/CAP Website14. The webinars were generally well received, with an average of 90 participants
at each webinar. Many participants responded to the webinar surveys. The following are some
examples of ideas supported by survey respondents:
• Further exploration of a carbon fund, carbon “savings account”, or vehicle miles
travelled (VMT) bank to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
• A ballot measure at some point in the future that raises funds from the community in
order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
• Rebates for electric panel upgrade and electric conduit installation, and a special electric
rate for all-electric homes
• A special electricity rate for EVs that would help their decision to switch to an EV
• Participants indicated that working from home; better access, efficiency, and reliability
of public transit; closer proximity to amenities (e.g. grocery stores); and safer bike
routes would motivate them to drive less.
Policy Implications
The 2021 S/CAP aligns with the following Council Priority for CY 2021: “Climate Change –
Protection and Adaptation.” The 2021 S/CAP implements the policy objectives of the 2016
S/CAP goal to achieve 80% reductions to emissions by 2030 and the following Comprehensive
Plan Implementation Plan Goals:
• Land Use Element
14
https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/services/sustainability/sustainability_and_climate_action_plan/community_engag
ement/default.asp
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o Goal L-2: An enhanced sense of “community” with development designed to
foster public life, meet citywide needs and embrace the principles of
sustainability.
o Goal L-4: Inviting pedestrian scale centers that offer a variety of retail and
commercial services and provide focal points and community gathering places
for the city’s residential neighborhoods and employment districts.
• Transportation Element
o Goal T-1: Create a sustainable transportation system, complemented by a mix of
land uses, that emphasizes walking, bicycling, use of public transportation, and
other methods to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the use of single
occupancy motor vehicles.
o Goal T-2: Decrease delay, congestion, and vehicle miles travelled with a priority
on our worst intersections and our peak commute times, including school traffic.
o Goal T-3: Maintain an efficient roadway network for all users.
o Goal T-5: Encourage attractive, convenient, efficient and innovative parking
solutions for all users.
o Goal T-6: Provide a safe environment for motorists, pedestrians, and bicyclists on
Palo Alto streets.
o Goal T-8: Influence the shape and implementation of regional transportation
policies and technologies to reduce traffic congestion and greenhouse gas
emissions.
• Natural Environment
o Goal N-2: A thriving urban forest that provides public health, ecological,
economic, and aesthetic benefits for Palo Alto.
o Goal N-4: Water resources and infrastructure that are managed to sustain plant
and animal life, support urban activities, and protect public health and safety.
o Goal N-7: A clean, efficient energy supply that makes use of cost-effective
renewable resources.
o Goal N-8: Actively support regional efforts to reduce our contribution to climate
change while adapting to the effects of climate change on land uses and city
services.
• Safety Element
o Goal S-3: An environment free of the damaging effects of human-caused threats
and hazardous materials.
Resource Impact
Funding has been appropriated as part of the FY 2021 Operating Budget in the Office of
Sustainability in the Public Works Department, and in the Office of Transportation in the City
Manager’s Office to develop the 2021 S/CAP with the assistance from AECOM Technical
Services, Inc.15. The contract with AECOM was approved on February 24, 2020 for Professional
15 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/75333
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Services Related to the Sustainability and Climate Action Plan Update and SB743
Implementation.
Environmental Review
This status update is not a project under Section 21065 for purposes of the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The final 2021 S/CAP will be evaluated consistent with CEQA
prior to approval by the City.