HomeMy WebLinkAbout2026-02-10 Policy & Services Committee Agenda PacketPOLICY AND SERVICES COMMITTEE
Regular Meeting
Tuesday, February 10, 2026
Council Chambers & Hybrid
6:00 PM
Policy and Services Committee meetings will be held as “hybrid” meetings with the option to
attend by teleconference/video conference or in person. Information on how the public may
observe and participate in the meeting is located at the end of the agenda. The meeting will be
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PUBLIC COMMENTS
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1 February 10, 2026
Materials related to an item on this agenda submitted to the Board after distribution of the agenda packet are available for
public inspection at www.paloalto.gov/agendas.
CALL TO ORDER
PUBLIC COMMENT
Members of the public may speak in-person ONLY to any item NOT on the agenda. 1-3 minutes depending on number of
speakers. Public Comment is limited to 30 minutes. Additional public comments, if any, will be heard at the end of the agenda.
ACTION ITEMS
1.Update and Feedback to Staff Regarding Progress and Direction for the Seismic Hazards
Identification and Risk Mitigation Ordinance Update. CEQA Determination: Not a Project.
2.Receive an update on changes to the Brown Act and provide recommendations on the
implementation of provisions related to teleconferencing, remote public participation,
translation and interpretation assistance, and expanded outreach; CEQA Status – Not a
Project.
3.City Council Referral: Review and Recommend Updates to the City Council Values
FUTURE MEETINGS AND AGENDAS
Members of the public may not speak to the item(s)
ADJOURNMENT
2 February 10, 2026
Materials related to an item on this agenda submitted to the Board after distribution of the agenda packet are available for
public inspection at www.paloalto.gov/agendas.
PUBLIC COMMENT INSTRUCTIONS
Members of the Public may provide public comments to teleconference meetings via email,
teleconference, or by phone.
1.Written public comments may be submitted by email to city.council@PaloAlto.gov.
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table at the entrance to the Council Chambers and deliver it to the Clerk prior to
discussion of the item.
3.Spoken public comments for agendized items using a computer or smart phone will be
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CLICK HERE TO JOIN Meeting ID: 946-1874-4621 Phone: 1-669-900-6833
Americans with Disability Act (ADA) It is the policy of the City of Palo Alto to offer its public
programs, services and meetings in a manner that is readily accessible to all. Persons with
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3 February 10, 2026
Materials related to an item on this agenda submitted to the Board after distribution of the agenda packet are available for
public inspection at www.paloalto.gov/agendas.
California Government Code §84308, commonly referred to as the "Levine Act," prohibits an
elected official of a local government agency from participating in a proceeding involving a
license, permit, or other entitlement for use if the official received a campaign contribution
exceeding $500 from a party or participant, including their agents, to the proceeding within the
last 12 months. A “license, permit, or other entitlement for use” includes most land use and
planning approvals and the approval of contracts that are not subject to lowest responsible bid
procedures and have a value over $50,000. A “party” is a person who files an application for, or
is the subject of, a proceeding involving a license, permit, or other entitlement for use. A
“participant” is a person who actively supports or opposes a particular decision in a proceeding
involving a license, permit, or other entitlement for use, and has a financial interest in the
decision. The Levine Act incorporates the definition of “financial interest” in the Political Reform
Act, which encompasses interests in business entities, real property, sources of income, sources
of gifts, and personal finances that may be affected by the Council’s actions. If you qualify as a
“party” or “participant” to a proceeding, and you have made a campaign contribution to a
Council Member exceeding $500 made within the last 12 months, you must disclose the
campaign contribution before making your comments.
4 February 10, 2026
Materials related to an item on this agenda submitted to the Board after distribution of the agenda packet are available for
public inspection at www.paloalto.gov/agendas.
Policy & Services Committee
Staff Report
From: City Manager
Report Type: ACTION ITEMS
Lead Department: Planning and Development Services
Meeting Date: February 10, 2026
Report #:2505-4746
TITLE
Update and Feedback to Staff Regarding Progress and Direction for the Seismic Hazards
Identification and Risk Mitigation Ordinance Update. CEQA Determination: Not a Project.
RECOMMENDATION
Review progress and initial recommendations to develop an updated Seismic Hazards
Identification and Risk Mitigation Ordinance; provide feedback to staff for additional
refinement and analysis.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The City is updating its Seismic Hazards Identification and Risk Mitigation ordinance set forth in
Palo Alto Municipal Code (PAMC) Chapter 16.42. The purpose of this effort is to more
effectively reduce seismic vulnerability in buildings, enhance life safety protections, and
support business and service continuity following a seismic event.
Last comprehensively updated in 1986, the current program requires mandatory evaluations of
a select number of vulnerable buildings (89) and includes outdated references to the 1973
Uniform Building Code. Voluntary compliance is incentivized but not required. To align with
current best practices, the program would need to include additional vulnerable building types,
explore mandatory retrofit requirements, and incorporate modern retrofit seismic standards.
Staff seeks feedback from the Policy and Services Committee on anticipated aspects of an
updated program based on extensive analysis prepared by industry experts and diverse
representation from a community advisory group. This effort recommends the City expand its
list of vulnerable building types, update its evaluation screening methodology, establish retrofit
compliance options and timelines, and consideration of limited residential compliance
exemptions. This report also introduces key considerations related to financial and policy
incentives, public disclosure practices, and tenant rights.
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BACKGROUND
1 These efforts resulted in a comprehensive Seismic Risk Assessment Study
completed by Rutherford & Chekene in April 2017.2 In October 2017, the City Council directed
staff to refine the seismic inventory, assess community impacts, and explore program options,
disclosures, and incentives.3 However, this project was later deprioritized to address other
critical City initiatives, including the City’s pandemic response.4
5
6 In February 2025, Council approved a contract with
Rutherford & Chekene to provide these services.7 In May 2025, staff issued the consultant a
notice to proceed and the team began work, including forming an advisory group of both
community members and development, design, housing policy, seismic safety and finance
experts. A list of advisory group members is included in Attachment F.
1 https://portal.laserfiche.com/Portal/DocView.aspx?id=50804&repo=r-704298fc&searchid=40cbf59c-d0a1-4c36-
b16f-7681f1f06744
2 https://portal.laserfiche.com/Portal/DocView.aspx?id=136329&repo=r-704298fc&searchid=40cbf59c-d0a1-4c36-
b16f-7681f1f06744
3 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/files/assets/public/v/1/agendas-minutes-reports/reports/city-manager-reports-
cmrs/year-archive/2017/id-8207-seismic.pdf
4 https://portal.laserfiche.com/Portal/DocView.aspx?id=136329&repo=r-704298fc&searchid=40cbf59c-d0a1-4c36-
b16f-7681f1f06744
5 https://cityofpaloalto.primegov.com/Portal/viewer?id=2677&type=0
6 https://procurement.opengov.com/portal/palo-alto-ca/projects/94858/document
7 https://portal.laserfiche.com/Portal/DocView.aspx?id=155404&repo=r-704298fc&searchid=9be649d9-7fee-4ce6-
926f-089d174a5d37
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updated ordinance. The remaining 1,224 buildings that were surveyed were found to be
unlikely to fall into one of these categories and are considered to pose less of a threat to life
safety in a major earthquake.
ANALYSIS
Existing Building Categories While the existing ordinance is outdated, it was the result of a
robust policy development process many years ago and was forward-thinking for its time.
Category I: Buildings constructed of unreinforced masonry (except for those smaller
than 1,900 square feet with six or fewer occupants)
Category II: Buildings constructed prior to January 1, 1935, containing 100 or more
occupants
Category III: Buildings constructed prior to August 1, 1976, containing 300 or more
occupants.
15 In addition, the CAG, consultant team and staff support adding new categories based
on construction types to address new structural systems that have been found less resilient
during a seismic event. Staff seeks Policy and Services Committee feedback and any concerns
with this recommendation.
15 More information about the original policy-making process for this ordinance is available on the City’s seismic
program update webpage: https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/Planning-Development-
Services/Development-Services/Seismic-Hazards-Identification-Program-Update.
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Additional Vulnerable Building Types
Staff, consultant team and the CAG recommend the updated ordinance include the following
additional key categories to address seismically vulnerable buildings in Palo Alto:
Weak-Story Wood Frame Buildings Built Before 1977 (324 buildings)
Older weak-story wood-frame buildings are at risk of partial or total collapse during
seismic events. These buildings generally accommodate parking on the ground floor,
which results in fewer shear walls at this level and poorly distributed walls. They can be
soft (too flexible), weak (lacking in shear strength), and have open fronts (for parking)
that lead to twisting during seismic events from the poor layout of walls. These
buildings have performed poorly in past earthquakes, including collapses in the Marina
district in San Francisco in the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake and in the San Fernando
Valley in the 1994 Northridge Earthquake. The year 1977 is used as the milestone date
to help distinguish when certain statewide building code changes came into effect,
leading to better performance. This category includes buildings with mostly residential
uses.
Note: These buildings are commonly called “soft-story” buildings and represent the most
common category of building included in local seismic safety ordinances in California,
including those in San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley.
Rigid-Wall Flexible Diaphragm Buildings Built Before 1998 (474 buildings)
The primary deficiencies in these buildings are poor out-of-plane tension connections
between the roof and walls in one-story buildings and between the roof and floors and
the walls in multi-story buildings. The perimeter walls can fall outward, leading to partial
collapse. These building have performed poorly during seismic events in the past,
including the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 Northridge Earthquakes. In 1998, statewide
building code changes were made to address damage that occurred in the 1994
Northridge Earthquake from various seismic deficiencies in these types of buildings. This
category includes buildings with mostly non-residential (retail, industrial, office) uses.
Nonductile Concrete Buildings Built before 1977 (313 buildings)
Older concrete buildings can have many different seismic deficiencies, including weak
and/or soft ground stories, that may result in partial or total collapse during a seismic
event. This can be exacerbated by older nonductile detailing which can lead to
premature, brittle cracking of elements such as walls and columns. These buildings have
performed poorly during seismic events in the past, including the 1971 San Fernando
and 1994 Northridge Earthquakes. The year 1977 is used as a benchmark to mark when
statewide building code requirements became more stringent and resulted in improved
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building performance. This category includes buildings with both residential and non-
residential uses.
Steel Moment Frame Buildings Built Before 1998 (64 buildings)
Steel moment frame buildings are also at risk of partial or total collapse during a seismic
event, but less so than the other categories described here. In older buildings of this
type, the connection detailing and construction techniques used can lead to premature,
brittle failure such as weld cracking, beam buckling, or fracture at column flanges during
seismic events. Code updates were made in 1998 to address these issues following the
1994 Northridge Earthquake. This category includes both residential and non-residential
buildings.
Residential Exemptions Based on Unit Count
Staff and the consultant team recommend exempting one- and two-unit residential properties
from the Seismic Hazards Identification and Risk Mitigation Program. Under this approach, only
residential properties with three or more units would be subject to the program. This threshold
aligns with the City’s definition of multi-family properties (PAMC Section 18.04.030,
Definitions).17 It also reflects a public policy approach that prioritizes buildings housing multiple
households, where life-safety risks are higher and occupants often have limited control or
resources to address seismic hazards, while recognizing that owners of one- and two-unit
homes generally have greater autonomy to manage their own risk. The CAG was also
supportive of this approach overall, though some members thought duplexes should not be
exempted. Staff seeks Policy and Services Committee feedback and any concerns with this
recommendation.
Structures proposed for exemption typically fall into the weak-story, wood-frame building
category. The table below summarizes unit thresholds for similar programs in a selection of
jurisdictions across California.
Table 1: Summary of Soft-Story, Wood-Frame Program Unit Thresholds in California
Jurisdiction Unit Threshold
West Hollywood 1 or more units
Albany, San Jose 3 or more units
Los Angeles 4 or more units
San Francisco, Berkeley, Oakland, Alameda 5 or more units
Reducing the threshold to include two-unit residential structures would require review of
approximately 260 additional properties for potential seismic vulnerabilities and result in
17 https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/paloalto/latest/paloalto_ca/0-0-0-76370
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additional project expense. Raising the threshold to five or more units would decrease the
number of residential buildings in the inventory from approximately 400 to 290 units.
Retrofit and Performance Standards
Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of
Existing Buildings, is the nationally recognized standard for earthquake safety upgrades to
existing buildings. The current version, ASCE 41-23, covers all building types being considered
for the City’s expanded seismic safety ordinance. ASCE 41-23 uses a performance-based
approach, meaning buildings are evaluated based on how they would perform during actual
earthquakes rather than applying one-size-fits-all requirements.
Table 2: BPOE Earthquake Scenarios
Earthquake
Scenario Probability Required
Performance Meaning
Moderate
earthquake
Major
earthquake
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Table 3: Recommended Evaluation and Retrofit Standards by Building Category
I Unreinforced Masonry ASCE 41-23 or California Existing Building Code
Appendix Chapter A1
II Built before 1/1/35 with 100
or more occupants
ASCE 41-23
III Built before 8/1/76 with 300
or more occupants
ASCE 41-23
IV Pre-1977 weak-story wood
frame
ASCE 41-23 or California Existing Building Code
Appendix Chapter A4 or FEMA P-807
V Pre-1998 rigid wall – flexible
diaphragm
ASCE 41-23 or California Existing Building Code
Appendix Chapter A2
VI Pre-1977 nonductile
concrete
ASCE 41-23 or a new local standard similar to San
Francisco’s Administrative Bulletin entitled
“Application of Engineering Criteria in SFEBC
Appendix A, Chapter A6” (see Attachment G)
VII Pre-1998 steel moment
frame
ASCE 41-23
The following steps are anticipated as part of the program implementation and compliance
process:
Notification: Using the City’s recently updated building inventory, written notices will be
issued to all potentially vulnerable buildings in the identified categories informing them
of program requirements.
Mandatory Screening: Following written notice of program requirements, all buildings
on the City’s “List of Seismically Vulnerable Buildings”, will be required to hire a licensed
design or engineering professional to complete an initial screening to verify whether the
building fits into one or more of the vulnerable building categories included in the
updated ordinance. If a building’s screening determines it does not fall within any of the
vulnerable building categories, then the building will be removed from the “List of
Seismically Vulnerable Buildings” maintained by the City.
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Mandatory Evaluations: If a building’s screening determines that the building falls into
one or more of the vulnerable building categories included in the updated ordinance,
the property owner must hire a licensed civil or structural engineer to prepare an
investigation and engineering report. This report will identify the building’s structural
deficiencies, if any, and be submitted to the City. If a building’s seismic evaluation
determines that the building already meets the Basic Performance Objective for Existing
Buildings (BPOE) outlined in ASCE 41-23, or one of the acceptable alternative standards
listed in Table 3, then the building will be considered compliant with the program and
removed from the City’s List of Seismically Vulnerable Buildings. If not, the building may
be required to complete a mandatory retrofit to bring the building up to these
standards.
Plan Submissions: If the evaluation confirms that a building is required to complete a
retrofit, then the evaluation submissions to the City must also include retrofit plans and
structural calculations demonstrating how the building will be brought up to the
approved seismic standards. Once the plan review is approved, a building permit will be
issued.
Retrofit Completion: Construction may begin once the building permit is issued. After
the building passes its final inspection for the required retrofit work, it will be
considered compliant with the program and removed from the City’s “List of Seismically
Vulnerable Buildings”.
As previously noted, the passage of AB 130, which limits changes to the residential building
code through 2031, requires further analysis to determine the extent to which certain
standards may still be enacted.
Compliance Types and Timelines
As detailed in the proposed implementation process above, staff recommend mandatory
screenings for all potentially vulnerable buildings in the listed categories. Staff also recommend
mandatory seismic evaluations for any buildings in which the screenings identify structural
deficiencies that may pose life safety risks. These evaluations would serve to educate building
owners about the specific risks associated with their building and potential retrofits needed.
Staff envisions a combination of mandatory and voluntary retrofits to address structural
deficiencies by building type.
If a mandatory retrofit is required, the ordinance could establish a clear deadline for retrofit
completion as well as interim deadlines for plan submissions and building permit applications
and receipt. Once all work has been completed, the building would be removed from the City’s
“List of Seismically Vulnerable Buildings.”
If a mandatory retrofit is not required for a specific building category, staff recommend setting
clear standards for the level of voluntary retrofit required to remove a building from the City’s
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“List of Seismically Vulnerable Buildings”. This would ensure that buildings would remain on the
City’s List of Seismically Vulnerable Buildings if incomplete or insufficient voluntary retrofits
were completed.
Table 4: Potential Retrofit Requirements and Timelines by Building Category
Building
Type
Potential
Retrofit
Compliance
Type
Screening
Deadline
Evaluation
Deadline*
Retrofit
Plan
Submission
Building
Permit
Receipt
Retrofit
Completion
Same as
evaluation
Same as
evaluation
Same as
evaluation
Same as
evaluation
N/A for
voluntary
retrofits
N/A for
voluntary
retrofits
N/A for
voluntary
retrofits
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Pre-1977
Nonductile
Concrete
Buildings
Mandatory 1.5-3
years
3-10 years Same as
evaluation
5-15
years
10-25 years
Pre-1998
Steel
Moment
Frame
Buildings
Voluntary 1.5-10
years
3-15 years N/A for
voluntary
retrofits
N/A for
voluntary
retrofits
N/A for
voluntary
retrofits
^ Retrofit compliance type for this category may vary based on occupancy type (ie. residential
vs. non-residential)
^^ Retrofit compliance deadlines for this category may vary based on total unit count
Local Policy and/or Financial Incentives
Mandatory screening and evaluation requirements are not expected to burden building owners
with significant costs. However, mandatory retrofit requirements could be quite costly
depending on the type of building and the scope of the work needed. Some buildings may
qualify for loans or similar incentives through State programs.19
However, the City may also need to offer local incentive packages to make mandatory retrofits
feasible for building owners.
Staff seeks initial input from the Policy and Services Committee on which types of incentives
best align with the Council’s priorities currently. Options include:
Procedural: Technical support for building owners and/or expedited permit processing
Development: Density or height increases and/or reductions in parking or similar
requirements
Fee Waivers or Reductions: Waived or reduced building permit fees, demolition fees,
and/or development impact fees (as applicable)
Financial Incentives: City-issued, low-interest loans or grants for building owners and/or
local tax incentives
These options would each require further work and analysis by staff, but staff seeks the
Committee’s feedback on which, if any, to prioritize.
Public Disclosure
Consistent with past discussions on this topic, staff recommend that the City maintain a
searchable online inventory/list of all potentially vulnerable buildings subject to compliance
19 See section 3.3 “Funding Sources” in “Summarize Relevant State Laws – Memorandum” for
more information: https://www.paloalto.gov/files/assets/public/v/1/development-
services/palo-alto-seismic-memo-on-relevant-state-laws.pdf
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with the updated seismic ordinance. Removal from the list would be dependent upon
completion of mandatory or voluntary retrofits to the required life safety standards. The Policy
and Services Committee may also provide feedback to staff to consider additional public
disclosure measures, such as exterior building placards and/or tenant notification at time of
leasing. Note: California law already requires buyer notification of potential seismic
vulnerabilities at the time of building sale.
Tenant Considerations
Habitability standards and/or plans;
Temporary relocation assistance (property owner or City funded); and/or
Rent increase caps and/or limits to cost pass throughs.
FISCAL/RESOURCE IMPACT
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
August 20, 2025: Project History & Scope
October 14, 2025: Policy Context & Precedent Programs
January 6, 2026: Program Applicability & Compliance
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Staff plans to host three more community advisory group meetings later this year. These will
focus on policy and financial incentives, public disclosure requirements, tenant rights and draft
ordinance development and review.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
ATTACHMENTS
APPROVED BY:
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Summary of Relevant State Laws
“Summarize Relevant State Laws – Memorandum 1” is available for review on the City of Palo
Alto’s Seismic Program Update webpage 2.
1 https://www.paloalto.gov/files/assets/public/v/1/development-services/palo-alto-seismic-memo-on-
relevant-state-laws.pdf
2 https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/Planning-Development-Services/Development-Services/Seismic-
Hazards-Identification-Program-Update
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Attachment A - Summary of
Relevant State Laws
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Summary of Precedent Programs at the Local Level
“Summary of Relevant Progress at the Local Level - Memorandum 1” is available for review on
the City of Palo Alto’s Seismic Program Update webpage 2.
1 https://www.paloalto.gov/files/assets/public/v/1/development-services/palo-alto-seismic-task-a.2-memo-psc-
draft.pdf
2 https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/Planning-Development-Services/Development-Services/Seismic-
Hazards-Identification-Program-Update
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Attachment B - Summary of
Precedent Programs
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Summary of Retrofit Techniques
“Summary of Applicable Retrofit Techniques - Memorandum 1” is available for review on the City
of Palo Alto’s Seismic Program Update webpage 2.
1 https://www.paloalto.gov/files/assets/public/v/1/development-services/palo-alto-seismic-memo-on-
retrofit-standards-and-techniques.pdf
2 https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/Planning-Development-Services/Development-Services/Seismic-
Hazards-Identification-Program-Update
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Attachment C - Summary of
Applicable Retrofit
Techniques
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Summary of Field Survey Findings and Process
“Field Survey Report - Memorandum 1” is available for review on the City of Palo Alto’s Seismic
Program Update webpage 2.
1 https://www.paloalto.gov/files/assets/public/v/1/development-services/seismic/palo-alto-seismic-task-a.4-
memo-rc-2026-01-25.pdf
2 https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/Planning-Development-Services/Development-Services/Seismic-Hazards-
Identification-Program-Update
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Attachment D - Summary of
Field Survey Findings and
Process
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Summary of Vulnerable Building Categories
“Building Types Subject to the Updated Ordinance - Memorandum 1” is available for review on
the City of Palo Alto’s Seismic Program Update webpage. 2
1 https://www.paloalto.gov/files/assets/public/v/1/development-services/palo-alto-seismic-memo-on-
vulnerable-building-categories.pdf
2 https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/Planning-Development-Services/Development-Services/Seismic-
Hazards-Identification-Program-Update
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Attachment E - Summary of
Vulnerable Building Types
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January 2026
2025-2026 Community Advisory Group Members
City of Palo Alto Seismic Risk Mitigation Program Update
Subject Matter Experts
1. Abha Nehru, Carrasco & Associates
2. Anil Babbar, California Apartment Association
3. Christopher Rojahn, Applied Technology Council
4. Doug Hohbach, Hohbach-Lewin, Inc.
5. Emily Ann Ramos, Silicon Valley at Home
6. Janiele Maffei, California Earthquake Authority
7. John Shenk, Thoits Bros., Inc.
8. Jon Goldman, Premier Properties
9. Ken Hayes, Hayes Group Architects
10. Laurel Mathews, City and County of San Francisco
11. Luke Farley, Heritage Bank of Commerce
12. Michael Germeraad, Association of Bay Area Governments
13. Rich Cody, CVG Builders
14. Roxy Rapp, Rapp Development
15. Sarah Atkinson, SPUR
16. Tim Steele, The Sobrato Organization
17. Tom Holzer, USGS
City of Palo Alto Staff
1. Alex Andrade, Economic Development Manager
2. Andres Orozco, Office of Emergency Services Coordinator
3. David Chung, Assistant Chief Building Official
4. George Hoyt, Chief Building Official
5. Julia Knight, Special Projects and Innovation Manager
6. Maddie Salah, Deputy City Attorney
7. Nathaniel Rainey, Office of Emergency Services Coordinator
8. Steven Switzer, Senior Historic Planner
Consultant Team
1. Bret Lizundia, structural engineer and lead consultant, Rutherford + Chekene,
2. Zahraa Saiyed, public policy and engagement specialist, Scyma Consulting
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2022 San Francisco Building Code AB-XXX
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ADMINISTRATIVE BULLETIN
NO. AB-XXX :
DATE : DRAFT by ATC 6 May 2025
SUBJECT : Seismic Retrofit Provisions for Concrete Buildings
TITLE : Application of Engineering Criteria in SFEBC Appendix A, Chapter A6
PURPOSE : The purpose of this Administrative Bulletin is to provide technical details and
commentary on the application of engineering criteria in SFEBC Appendix A,
Chapter A6 which covers the seismic evaluation and retrofitting of concrete
buildings.
REFERENCES : 2022 San Francisco Existing Building Code (SFEBC)
ASCE 7-16 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
ASCE 41-17 Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings
ACI 318-19 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
DISCUSSION :
San Francisco Existing Building Code (SFEBC) Chapter A6 outlines the seismic retrofit provisions aimed
at reducing the collapse risk of vulnerable Concrete Buildings (CB), as defined in Chapter 5G. This
includes certain types of concrete buildings and their associated vintage as well as buildings with rigid-
walls and flexible diaphragms. Chapter A6 establishes structural engineering criteria, including
Engineering Criteria Options (per Table A6.4-1) that a Concrete Building must satisfy through seismic
evaluation or retrofit. The document also specifies other retrofit triggers, such as substantial structural or
non-structural alterations, which necessitate adherence to these provisions. A key focus is on addressing
common seismic deficiencies, detailed in Table A6.4-2, which include weak stories, irregularities in
lateral-force-resisting elements, non-ductile moment frames, shear-governed concrete columns or wall
piers, punching shear in concrete slabs, weak connections of concrete walls to flexible diaphragms, and
inadequate bearing connection lengths.
This bulletin provides further clarification by offering commentary on selected sections of Appendix A,
Chapter A6 of the SFEBC.
In addition to this commentary, this bulletin provides the specific technical requirements for how to
identify, evaluate, and retrofit the seismic deficiencies of Table A6.4-2 when using Engineering Criteria
Option (a).
SFEBC Chapter A6 Commentary:
I. A6.2 Definitions
Commentary: This subsection of Chapter A6 includes a definition of the term “wall pier,” which is used
in the chapter to specify buildings that are exempt from the requirements of the chapter and to specify
seismic deficiencies that are required to be addressed by Engineering Criteria Option (a). The definition
of wall pier is per Section 2.3 of ACI 318-19.
II. A6.3 Design professionals
Commentary: Chapter A6 requires that evaluations and design be performed by or under the supervision
of “appropriately licensed individuals.” The State of California governs the registration of professional
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engineers and requires that engineers practice only in areas where they have demonstrated competence.
The registration status of any licensed professional engineer can be checked at
http://www.bpelsg.ca.gov/consumers/lic_lookup.shtml.
The successful execution of a seismic retrofit project and the resulting building performance in an
earthquake rely heavily on the analysis and design work done by the Owner’s Engineer. Building owners
are encouraged to seek references for the engineer that they plan to engage, and to understand the
engineer’s experience and qualifications applicable to the building type, size, and other characteristics.
Questions that an owner may want to ask a structural or civil engineer before selecting them include:
• Do you have experience with seismic retrofitting of concrete buildings?
• Do you have experience using the seismic evaluation and retrofit standard ASCE 41?
• Can you describe structures that you have evaluated or retrofitted that are most similar to my
building?
III. A6.4 Structural engineering criteria
A. A6.4.1 Engineering criteria
Commentary: Table A6.4-1 provides two options for engineering criteria that engineers may use for
seismic evaluation or retrofit of Concrete Buildings. Option (b) specifies greater seismic forces. Option
(a) specifies lower seismic forces, but it requires also addressing the seismic deficiencies that are
listed in Table A6.4-2.
i. Criteria Option (a)
For Engineering Criteria Option (a), addressing the seismic deficiencies in Table A6.4-2 is
required, even if analysis indicates that the building satisfies Collapse Prevention for the BSE-1E
earthquake level without addressing a listed deficiency. Addressing the seismic deficiencies in
Table A6.4-2 is intended to enable gravity-load-resisting elements to undergo severe earthquake
movements, greater than BSE-1E, while maintaining their capacity to support gravity loads. These
seismic deficiencies can be critical contributors to the collapse vulnerability of concrete buildings;
they do not include all possible seismic deficiencies.
ii. Criteria Option (b)
Engineering Criteria Option (b) uses the BSE-2E earthquake hazard level for Collapse Prevention
and equates to the requirements of ASCE 41 for the Basic Performance Objective for Existing
Buildings (BPOE) except that non-structural evaluation and retrofitting is limited to elements of
unreinforced masonry, and evaluation of the Life Safety performance level for the BSE-1E
earthquake level is not required. Addressing the seismic deficiencies specified in Table A6.4-2 is
not necessarily required in meeting Engineering Criteria Option (b). For buildings assigned to
Risk Category I or II, the criteria for Engineering Criteria Option (b) will typically also provide
compliance with triggered retrofit requirements for Substantial Alteration (Section 304.3.2 of the
SFEBC).
For Engineering Criteria Option (b), evaluation of the Life Safety performance level for the BSE-
1E earthquake level need not be evaluated, because for San Francisco earthquake hazard
parameters, it will not govern over Collapse Prevention for the BSE-2E level. This is because the
ratio between these earthquake ground motion levels is typically around 1.8, while the ratio
between the Collapse Prevention and Life Safety acceptability limits in ASCE-41 does not exceed
1.33.
iii. “75% of code” criteria not permitted in Appendix A6
The option (in Section 304.3.2) to use 75 percent of the prescribed forces of the new building
code is intentionally not included in Chapter A6, and thus is not permitted for use in Chapter A6
because this option does not make clear how to address (a) the design of gravity framing for
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imposed deformations and (b) structural detailing that does not conform to that of any concrete
seismic-force-resisting system that is permitted in high seismic design categories.
iv. Buildings assigned to Risk Category III or IV
Chapter A6 provides retrofit criteria intended to achieve basic safety for Risk Category II buildings.
The criteria can be applied to Risk Category III or IV buildings if the goal is only to achieve this
basic safety (i.e., Structural Collapse Prevention (S-5) for the BSE-2E earthquake hazard level).
It is not in the scope of Chapter A6 to provide retrofit criteria to achieve the higher performance
related to safety or recovery that is associated with new structures assigned to Risk Category III
and IV.
v. Elements of unreinforced masonry
Both engineering criteria options in Table A6.4-1 require removing or retrofitting unreinforced
masonry elements (if any). This requirement addresses the safety risk from elements such as
unreinforced masonry chimneys, hollow clay tile partitions, and brick masonry walls falling out-of-
plane. Except for these elements, Chapter A6 does not require seismic retrofitting of nonstructural
components.
B. Flexible floor- or roof-diaphragms
Requirements: For buildings with one or more flexible diaphragms, compliance with Appendix A,
Chapter A2 is sufficient to comply with the portions of Chapter A6 related to the wall anchorage
system and collectors.
In addition, for buildings satisfying all of the following, compliance with Chapter A2 is sufficient to
meet the structural requirements of Chapter A6:
(a) The building has no more than two stories above grade plane, excluding mezzanines.
(b) The building does not include concrete columns nor wall piers, as defined in Chapter A6.
(c) The building’s floor and roof diaphragms are both flexible in-plane, meaning sheathed with
plywood, wood decking (e.g., 1x or 2x), or metal deck without concrete topping slab.
Commentary: Rigid-wall-flexible-diaphragm (RWFD) buildings are addressed by Chapter A2.
Chapter A6 is not expected to be invoked for one-story buildings. For Concrete Buildings taller than
one story, where Chapter A6 is invoked and the structure satisfies all of (a), (b), and (c) above, the
wall-to roof diaphragm and wall-to-floor diaphragm anchorage system and collectors are the only
structural aspects of such buildings that are required to be addressed per Chapter A6.
C. Combinations of seismic-force-resisting systems
Requirements: For buildings having structural systems that are partially concrete and partially other
structural materials, the building shall comply with Chapter A6 as a combined system, except:
(a) Vertical combinations of seismic-force-resisting systems: For vertical combinations of
seismic-force-resisting systems (meaning different seismic-force-resisting system in upper
story(s) compared to lower story(s)) where only the lower system is of concrete, if the existing
upper system (including the lateral-force-resisting system and gravity system) is not of
concrete construction, the existing upper system need not comply with Chapter A6.
(b) Combinations of seismic-force-resisting systems in different directions: For
combinations of seismic-force-resisting systems where different seismic-force-resisting
systems are used along each of the two orthogonal axes of the structure, if the gravity system
is not of concrete construction, the existing non-concrete lateral-force-resisting system need
not comply with Chapter A6.
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D. Technical requirements for addressing the seismic deficiencies of Table A6.4-2 when
using Engineering Criteria Option (a).
Requirements: The following requirements apply to identifying, evaluating, and retrofitting the
seismic deficiencies listed in Table A6.4-2.
Potential deficiency Requirements Commentary
Weak story: The structure
includes one or more stories
having lateral strength less than
the story above.
The structure shall not have
vertical structural irregularity of
Type 5a nor Type 5b in Table
12.3-2 of ASCE 7.
If the structure has a weak story or
extreme weak story, to meet
Engineering Criteria Option (a) the
weak story must be eliminated by
retrofitting. Otherwise the structure
must meet Engineering Criteria
Option (b).
Lateral-force-resisting-
element irregularity: The
lateral-force-resisting system
includes one or more concrete
walls or frames that are not
continuous to the foundation.
The building shall not have a
horizontal structural irregularity
Type 4 of Table 12.3-1 or
vertical structural irregularity
Type 4 of Table 12.3-2 of ASCE
7.
If the structure has either of the
specified irregularities—in-plane or
out-of-plane offset or discontinuity—
to meet Engineering Criteria Option
(a), the irregularity must be
eliminated by retrofitting. Otherwise
the structure must meet Engineering
Criteria Option (b).
Non-ductile moment frame:
The main lateral-force-resisting-
system includes concrete
moment frames that do not
satisfy strong-column-weak-
beam requirements or that have
shear-governed columns or
beams.
Comply with all of the following:
1. Moment frame columns shall
satisfy Section 18.7.3 of
ACI 318 and Section 18.7.6.1 of
ACI 318.
2. Moment frame beams shall
satisfy Section 18.6.5.1 of
ACI 318.
Section 18.7.3 requires strong-
column weak-beam strength
proportions. Section 18.6.6.1
requires columns to be flexure
governed. Section 18.6.5.1 requires
beams to be flexure governed. Such
requirements are essential for ductile
behavior of concrete moment
frames.
Shear-governed concrete
column or wall pier: The
structure includes one or more
concrete columns or wall piers
that are shear-governed and are
susceptible to failure resulting in
loss of gravity load support.
For each column or wall pier,
comply with at least one of the
following:
1. Columns and wall piers shall
have design shear strength
satisfying Section 18.7.6.1 of
ACI 318 or greater than the
maximum shear that can be
delivered to the column or wall
pier based on a capacity design
approach. For wall piers, joint
faces shall be taken as the top
and bottom of the clear height
of the wall pier.
2. Provide or demonstrate an
alternate load path to support
design gravity load assuming a
failure of the column or wall pier
such that it cannot support
gravity load.
3. For wall piers in buildings
that do not have an Extreme
Torsional Irregularity per
1. Shear governed columns or wall
piers can be a serious deficiency that
leads to building collapse.
Retrofitting columns or wall piers by
jacketing, such as with fiber
reinforced polymer (FRP), can be
used to make the elements flexure
governed.
2. If failure of columns or wall piers
can be shown not to cause collapse
because of an alternate load path for
gravity load, the shear-governed
behavior is permitted.
An example of an acceptable
alternate load path is a beam that
can span over a failed column or wall
pier to supports not susceptible to
failure, or an added column adjacent
to the susceptible column or wall
pier. The alternate load path is to be
a complete load path, i.e. to the
foundation and supporting soil, that
does not rely on non-compliant
elements.
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Potential deficiency Requirements Commentary
demonstrate compliance with
the Tier 1 Quick Check for
shear stress in concrete walls in
that story in each plan direction
per Section 4.4.3.3 of ASCE 41.
Pseudo seismic force V shall be
2 times the pseudo seismic
force at the BSE-1E earthquake
level, but need not exceed that
at BSE=2E. System
modification factor Ms shall be
for Collapse Prevention
performance.
check for shear at the specified level
and does not have an Extreme
Torsional Irregularity, it is judged that
there is enough wall that the
consequences of shear failure of wall
piers will be limited. Option 3 is not
permitted for structures with high
plan-torsion irregularity because of a
concern that columns or wall pier on
one side of the building plan could
suffer undo damage in such a case.
Punching shear in concrete
slab: One or more concrete floor
or roof slabs are supported by
columns without beams framing
into the column and susceptible
to loss of gravity load support
following punching shear failure.
Comply with one or more of the
following in each principal plan
direction at each column:
1. Demonstrate compliance
with Section 18.14.5 of ACI 318
with earthquake force E and
design story drift ∆x taken as 2
times the earthquake force and
story drift at the BSE-1E
earthquake level, but need not
exceed that at BSE-2E,
determined in accordance with
Section 7.4. of ASCE 41. Also
comply with Section 8.7.4.2.2 of
ACI 318. The slab bottom bars
must be continuous through the
column or spliced using
mechanical or welded splices.
2. Demonstrate the existence of
continuity reinforcement in
accordance with ASCE 41
Table 10-15 footnote d.
3. For post-tensioned slabs,
demonstrate compliance with
Section 8.7.5.6 of ACI 318.
4. Provide an alternate load
path to support design gravity
load, assuming a failure at the
slab-column interface such that
the slab-column interface
cannot support gravity load.
1. Section 18.14.5 addresses
acceptable punching shear stress
from gravity load as a function of
story drift, a key indicator of
susceptibility to punching shear of
slab-column connections. Section
8.7.4.2.2 requires two slab bottom
bars to pass between the column
cage longitudinal bars in each plan
direction.
2. ASCE 41 Table 10-15 footnote d
requires one post-tensioning tendon
to pass through the column cage in
each plan direction, or slab bottom
bars with steel area based on the
gravity shear demand on the slab
critical section.
3. Section 8.7.5.6 requires two
prestressing tendons to pass through
the column cage in each plan
direction, or slab bottom bars with
steel area based on the column and
slab geometry. The tendons or
bottom bars help prevent collapse of
the slab if punching shear initiates.
4. If the existing condition is
susceptible to punching shear, a
possible retrofit solution is to provide
a path of support such as a collar at
the top of a column that supports the
bottom of the slab beyond the
expected punching shear failure
plane.
Weak connection of concrete
wall to flexible diaphragm: The
structure includes one or more
concrete walls supporting one or
more flexible diaphragms, where
the wall is not adequately
anchored to the diaphragm.
For each flexible floor or roof
diaphragm, comply with
Chapter A2, or ASCE 41 with a
performance objective of
Structural Collapse Prevention
with the BSE-2E earthquake
level.
The objective of this item is to make
it unlikely that a concrete wall will
separate from a flexible floor or roof
diaphragm in a way that could lead
to floor or roof collapse.
For floor or roof diaphragms that
have timber framing in combination
with a complete grid of concrete floor
beams, Chapter A2 may be used to
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Potential deficiency Requirements Commentary
floor beams are connected to the
walls in such a way that they resist
out-of-plane forces on the walls at
least equal to the forces prescribed
in Chapter A2.
Inadequate length of bearing
connection: One or more
beams or slabs are supported by
a bearing connection with short
bearing length.
Provide bearing length to
support gravity load, such that
the bearing length satisfies all
of the following:
1. Section 18.14.4.1(d) of ACI
318.
2. Two times the displacement
demand at the BSE-1E
earthquake level, determined in
accordance with Section 7.4 of
ASCE 41, but need not exceed
that at BSE-2E.
In some cases, including at building
expansion joints, concrete floor
structures, either cast-in-place or
precast, have bearing supports. In
older structures such bearing
supports may not have adequate
bearing length compared to
earthquake displacement demands.
1. Section 18.14.4.1(d) requires a
bearing length of 5 inches for beams,
or 2 inches + L/180 for slabs.
E. A6.4.2 Building separation
Commentary: Building separation issues are not required to be considered in Chapter A6 because
of the likely impracticalities of addressing property-line separations in San Francisco. Engineers are
encouraged to inform the building owner if there is a risk of pounding damage at building separations.
F. A6.4.3 Liquefaction and landslide risk.
Commentary. Similarly, seismic evaluation and retrofit per Chapter A6 is not required to address
soil liquefaction or landslide. Engineers are required to notify the owner if their building is in a zone
of high or very high risk of liquefaction or landslide.
The exemption from considering the geotechnical hazards of liquefaction and landslide does not apply
to lateral earth pressure. Forces from static and dynamic earth pressure on walls (absent liquefaction
or landslide) shall be considered in the seismic evaluation in combination with other forces on the
structure.
G. A6.4.5 Masonry infill
Commentary. If the infill is of unreinforced masonry, its attachment to the main structure is to be
addressed as shown in Table A6.4-1. Additionally, for either reinforced or unreinforced masonry infill,
the effect of the infill on building response is to be addressed per this subsection.
_________________________________________________
Patrick O’Riordan, C.B.O. Date
Director
Department of Building Inspection
Approved by the Building Inspection Commission on (date)
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Policy & Services Committee
Staff Report
From: City Clerk
Report Type: ACTION ITEMS
Lead Department: City Clerk
Meeting Date: February 10, 2026
Report #:2512-5627
TITLE
Receive an update on changes to the Brown Act and provide recommendations on the
implementation of provisions related to teleconferencing, remote public participation,
translation and interpretation assistance, and expanded outreach; CEQA Status – Not a Project.
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends the Policy & Services Committee consider, provide feedback, and recommend
the City Council:
1. Approve or decline the use of expanded alternative teleconferencing for Boards,
Commissions, and Committees (BCCs) as recommended by the Policy & Services
Committee
2. Receive an update on changes to remote public participation,
3. Approve the Two-Way Remote Public Access Disruption Policy (Attachment A),
4. Approve staff recommendation regarding reasonable assistance for third party
translation and interpretation services, and
5. Approve staff recommendation regarding outreach efforts.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In 2024 the California State Legislature passed SB 707, which amends the Brown Act to modernize
remote participation and expand public access. This report provides an overview of SB 707
requirements, identifies which provisions already align with the City’s existing practices, and
outlines recommended implementation approaches for provisions that require new or revised
policies. Staff also seeks Policy & Services Committee feedback regarding whether to recommend
City Council authorization of expanded alternative teleconferencing for eligible BCCs, reasonable
efforts for assisting third-party translation, and expanded outreach.
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BACKGROUND
Topic Summary
Applicable
Meeting
Bodies
Effective
Date
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Outreach Efforts SB 707 requires cities to make reasonable
efforts to encourage participation from groups
that traditionally do not engage in public
meetings. Staff recommends continuing
existing outreach practices and enhancing
transparency and accessibility by clarifying how
community members may request language
assistance and participate remotely, consistent
with SB 707’s intent to broaden civic
engagement.
City
Council
7/1/26
ANALYSIS
The following section details Brown Act changes brought by SB 707 that will affect the City and
staff’s recommended implementations. The City’s current practices already satisfy some of SB
707’s requirements (detailed in Attachment B), but others will require a change in practice or
policy.
Expanded Alternative Teleconferencing for Eligible Subsidiary Bodies (effective January 1, 2026)
Following COVID-19, the State Legislature amended the Brown Act to allow members of
legislative bodies to participate in meetings remotely under specific circumstances (i.e. “just
cause” or “emergency circumstances”) with fewer noticing requirements than pre-COVID Brown
Act teleconferencing. This form of teleconferencing, which does not require remote attendance
locations be published on the agenda or accessible to the public, is referred to as “alternative
teleconferencing.”1
SB 707 allows the City Council to expand alternative teleconferencing for “eligible subsidiary
bodies,” a category that includes the City’s BCCs. Expanded alternative teleconferencing allows
BCC members to attend remotely without opening their location to the public and without just
cause, subject to the minimum requirements listed below. Unlike “just cause” alternative
teleconferencing, this expanded alternative teleconferencing does not require a quorum to
attend from a singular physical location, and therefore could allow a fully virtual meeting. Council
Committees are not eligible for this form of expanded alternative teleconferencing because SB
707 does not permit officials to use expanded alternative teleconferencing.
The City Council may authorize expanded alternative teleconferencing for up to six months, and
every six months thereafter. To authorize expanded alternative teleconferencing for a BCC, the
City Council must take formal action approving the expanded use of alternative teleconferencing
for a period of up to six months, finding that Council has:
Considered the circumstances of the subsidiary body,
1 SB 707 changes to alternative teleconferencing are described in more detail in Attachment B.
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Determined that teleconferencing would enhance public access,
Ensured publication of remote and physical access and comment options, and
Determined that teleconferencing would promote attraction, retention, and diversity of
eligible board or commission members.
Meetings held via expanded alternative teleconferencing must meet the requirements below.
The City Council may impose additional requirements but may not remove requirements.
The subsidiary body must provide a staffed physical meeting location where the agenda
is posted and members of the body or public may attend and participate in-person,
Elected officials may not use this section to appear remotely, and
Remote members must appear visibly on camera, with limited exceptions.
While expanded alternative teleconferencing may improve flexibility and accessibility for BCC
members, staff notes that in-person meetings provide important benefits that support the City’s
public engagement goals. Face-to-face meetings facilitate stronger communication between
Commissioners, staff, and community members, promote relationship-building, and allow for
more dynamic public dialogue.
Further, a significant expansion of alternative teleconferencing presents compliance and
administrative challenges. The City has eight Boards and Commissions addressing diverse subject
areas ranging from stormwater management to arts and culture. These bodies are supported by
staff from multiple departments, many of whom support BCC meetings infrequently. The Brown
Act’s teleconferencing requirements are complex, and expanded alternative teleconferencing
adds additional procedural obligations that increase the risk of inadvertent non-compliance.
For these reasons, staff recommends that any expansion of alternative teleconferencing be
implemented thoughtfully and incrementally, with clear, administrable rules and defined
evaluation criteria. If the Committee wishes to recommend authorization of expanded
alternative teleconferencing, staff suggests beginning with a modest pilot approach. For
example, Council could authorize one specific Board or Commission to conduct a limited number
of fully virtual meetings within a six-month period, allowing staff and the body to evaluate
impacts on public participation, meeting quality, and administrative workload before considering
broader implementation.
Remote Public Participation and Public Comment (effective July 1, 2026)
SB 707 requires City Council meetings include an option for the public to participate remotely
and accept remote public comment via a two-way telephonic or audiovisual platform. The City
Council’s use of Zoom satisfies this requirement for public access, but SB 707 will require a
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change in general public comment practice for the City Council. On May 13, 2024,3 the City
Council voted to accept general public comment for non-agendized items only in-person and
accept public comment on agendized items in-person and remotely. The City Council must allow
remote general public comment no later than July 1, 2026. This requirement does not apply to
BCCs. Although not mandated by SB 707, staff recommends also accepting remote general public
comment at Council Committee meetings to maintain consistency across the meeting bodies.
Staff will communicate the change to the public prior to the effective date and update agenda
materials and internal practices to comply with this provision.
Policy on Disruption of Remote Public Access (effective July 1, 2026)
If a disruption prevents public participation through Zoom, Council shall recess open
session for at least one hour and attempt in good faith to restore service,
Council may meet in an agendized closed session during the recess,
Open session may not reconvene until at least one hour has passed or service is
restored, whichever comes first, and
If service is not restored, Council may resume only after adopting, by roll call vote, a
finding that good faith efforts were made to restore service and that public interest in
continuing the meeting outweighs the public’s interest in remote access.
3 City Council May 13, 2025 Action Minutes: https://portal.laserfiche.com/Portal/DocView.aspx?id=83921&repo=r-
704298fc
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Staff from the City Clerk, City Attorney, and IT departments collaborated on the attached draft
policy (Attachment A). The draft policy details the good faith efforts staff shall make to restore
service, which may include:
Troubleshooting platform or teleconferencing software,
Resetting or replacing audiovisual equipment,
Attempting alternative connection methods,
Contacting necessary support staff or service providers, and/or
Switching to back-up equipment or platforms, if available.
Third-Party Translation and Interpretation Assistance (effective July 1, 2026)
As revised, the Brown Act requires the City Council to reasonably assist community members
who wish to provide or receive meeting translation and interpretation services. These
requirements do not apply to Council Committees or BCCs. While SB 707 requires some
jurisdictions to translate their agendas, additional agenda translation is not required in Palo Alto
at this time.
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The City must make available to the public a physical posting space where members of the public
may post their own translations of the City Council’s agendas. The City will provide notice that
these translations will be provided by third parties, and that the City cannot verify the content or
accuracy of publicly provided agenda translations. Staff intends to make the King Plaza posting
board available for translated agendas and will post instructions for how the public may utilize
the space.
Arrange a space for interpreters at the meeting location, upon written request to the City
Clerk at least 24 hours before the meeting,
Provide public commenters using interpretation extra time. Staff recommends providing
twice as much public comment time for individuals using interpreters, or an amount of
time determined by the presiding officer,
Allow the public to use their own devices to access translation or interpretation devices,
and
Loan City devices to the public to access translation or interpretation services upon
request. Requests for City devices must be made in writing to the City Clerk at least 24
hours before the meeting. Information on borrowing City devices may be found on the
City Clerk’s Translation Services webpage5.
Outreach to Underrepresented Groups (effective July 1, 2026)
Publishes City Council agenda and agenda packet 11 days before meeting, rather than the
minimum required 72 hours for regular meetings and 24 hours for special meetings,
5 City of Palo Alto Translation Services: https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/City-Clerk/City-Meeting-
Groups/Translation-Services
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Provides physical agenda packets for public review at Mitchell Park and Rinconada
libraries, in addition to posting agendas in King’s Plaza (accessible 24/7) and in Council
Chambers,
Displays prominent link on city homepage to webpage with meeting schedule and agenda
materials,
Distributes a weekly newsletter of published agendas and events sent to over 1,500
people and prominently displays newsletter sign-up link on agenda website,
Maintains a City website explaining the format of public meetings and how the public may
participate,
Publishes all City Council and Council Committee agendas weekly in Palo Alto Weekly and
Daily Post, rather than only special meetings,
Enables automatic translation of the City website into Spanish or simplified Chinese,
Enables automatic translation of HTML agendas for all meeting bodies into over 200
languages,
Offers free access to Wordly, a real-time audio and text translation service supporting
over 50 languages, upon request. The public may use own device or borrow a City device
to receive verbal and/or written interpretation. Instructions for requesting and using
Wordly service are available on the City Clerk’s website, and
Livestreams public meetings on YouTube and broadcasts on local cable television.
Given the priorities of SB 707, staff recommends continuing the above efforts, taking the
following additional actions, and continually updating and improving practices based on
effectiveness:
Share information about agenda notification newsletters with community groups and
organizations identified by the Policy and Services Committee,
Post a QR code to agenda newsletter sign-up page in the King’s Plaza and Council
Chambers posting board, and
Translate the Meeting Participation Guide7 into the two commonly spoken non-English
languages as reported by the American Community Survey.
FISCAL/RESOURCE IMPACT
The City Clerk’s Office has sufficient resources in its existing budget to implement the staff
recommendations. Additional resources may be required depending on the Committee’s
recommendations to the City Council regarding expanded alternative teleconferencing,
translation, and outreach.
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
7 City of Palo Alto Meeting Participation Guide: https://www.paloalto.gov/files/assets/public/v/1/city-clerk/city-
charterprocedures/2025-meeting-participation-guide.pdf
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Staff in the City Clerk’s, City Attorney, and IT departments collaborated on the recommended
implementation of SB 707. The City Clerk’s Office has also been in touch with BCC members and
staff regarding Brown Act changes applicable to their bodies. After feedback from the Policy and
Services Committee, staff will bring this item to the City Council as an action item for additional
Councilmember input and public awareness. Staff expects to agendize this item in the spring.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
ATTACHMENTS
APPROVED BY:
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Policy: Disruption of Two-Way Remote Public Access Service
1. Purpose
This policy establishes procedures for responding to a disruption in the telephonic or internet services that provide
two-way remote public access to meetings of the City Council of the City of Palo Alto, as required by the Brown
Act (Gov. Code § 54953.4). If state law is subsequently amended, the amended terms of state law will apply.
2. Definitions
For purposes of this policy:
“Disruption” means any failure, outage, or other interruption that prevents members of the public from
attending or observing the meeting via a two-way telephonic service or two-way audiovisual platform.
“Remote access services” means the two-way telephonic service and/or two-way audiovisual platform
used to provide real-time remote public attendance and participation in meetings. Services that allow
remote observation but not participation of meetings, such as a television broadcast or livestream, are
not included.
3. Applicability
This policy applies to all open and public meetings of the City Council of the City of Palo Alto at which remote
public participation is offered or required under the Brown Act.
4. Procedures in the Event of a Service Disruption
4.1. Response to Service Disruption
If the Presiding Officer or Clerk becomes aware of a disruption to the agency’s remote access services that
prevents members of the public from attending or observing the meeting remotely:
1. The Presiding Officer or Clerk shall immediately announce the disruption to the public.
2. The Presiding Officer may then call for a recess of the open session or convene the legislative body in
an agendized closed session. The Presiding Officer will make the following, or a substantially similar,
announcement:
“The City is experiencing a disruption of its remote access service that prevents remote public
participation. In accordance with the Brown Act, the City Council will recess the meeting for at least
one hour or until services are restored, whichever comes sooner. If service is not restored after one
hour, the City Council may either vote that the public interest in continuing the public meeting
outweighs the public interest in remote access and reconvene or adjourn the meeting.”
3. Staff shall begin efforts to diagnose and restore the disrupted service.
4. The meeting shall remain in recess for at least one hour or until service is restored, whichever is
sooner. The recess period may be extended if restoration efforts are ongoing.
4.2. Efforts to Restore Service
The agency shall make good faith efforts to restore remote access services, which may include:
Troubleshooting platform or teleconferencing software
Resetting or replacing audiovisual equipment
Attempting alternative connection methods
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Contacting necessary support staff or service providers
Switching to back-up equipment or platforms, if available
5. Reconvening the Open Session
5.1. Timing
The open session may be reconvened after at least one hour has elapsed from the time of disruption or as
soon as service is restored, whichever occurs earlier.
5.2. If Service Is Restored
If the remote access service is restored before or at the time the meeting reconvenes, the meeting shall
continue as normal.
5.3. If Service Is Not Restored
If service has not been restored after one hour, the City Council of the City of Palo Alto may reconvene and:
1. Adjourn the meeting; or
2. Continue the meeting in open session by adopting, by roll call vote, the following, or a substantially
similar, finding:
“The City of Palo Alto has made good faith efforts to restore remote access services in accordance
with its adopted policy, and the public interest in continuing the meeting outweighs the public interest
in remote public access.”
Upon adoption of the finding, the legislative body may continue the open session.
6. Recordkeeping
The Clerk shall enter a brief statement into the meeting minutes, including the following:
The nature and time of the disruption
That good faith efforts to restore service were made in accordance The time the meeting was reconvened
(if applicable)
Any finding adopted pursuant to Section 6.3
7. Review and Updates
This policy may be amended by the City Council of the City of Palo Alto at a noticed public meeting in open session,
not on the consent calendar.
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Remote Public Access
Disruption Policy
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City Practices Already in Alignment with SB 707
Alternative Teleconferencing (effective January 1, 2026)
Extends expiration date to 2030,
Removes the procedural differences between attending remotely due to “just cause” or
“emergency circumstances,”
Expands “just cause” to include certain military service obligations,
Modifies the annual limit on attendance by alternative teleconference based on the body’s
frequency of regular meetings, and
Requires meeting minutes to identify specific provision a member relies on to participate
remotely.
1 the Policy and Services Committee recommended the City Council adopt the
updated provisions as part of its Procedures & Protocol Handbook update. The City Council was scheduled
to consider this item on January 12, 2026, but deferred it to a future meeting.
Brown Act Distribution (effective January 1, 2026)
1 December 9, 2025 Policy and Services Committee Action Minutes:
https://portal.laserfiche.com/Portal/DocView.aspx?id=246407&repo=r-704298fc
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Alignment with SB 707
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commissioners during their orientation and will incorporate this mandate into new Councilmember
onboarding practices.
Remote Member Participation as an Accommodation (effective January 1, 2026)
Disclose the presence of anyone over the age of 18 with them and their relationship to that
person, and
Use audio and visual technology, unless a physical condition related to their disability results in a
need to participate only through audio.
Remote Public Attendance
Website Requirements (effective July 1, 2026)
a general explanation of the public meeting process,
an explanation of how to provide in-person or remote verbal or written public comment,
a calendar of all public meetings with the times, dates, and locations, and
a link to posted agendas.
3 is prominently displayed on Palo Alto’s homepage
and complies with these requirements. In addition to the Agendas page, the City Clerk’s Office also
maintains a Resources for Meeting Attendance4 webpage. This page includes information about City
Council meeting structure, public comment procedures, FAQs, City Council and BCC meeting frequencies,
and resources for remote attendance.
3 City of Palo Alto Meeting Agendas and Minutes: https://PaloAlto.gov/CouncilAgendas
4 City of Palo Alto Resources for Public Meetings: https://www.paloalto.gov/Departments/City-Clerk/City-Meeting-
Groups/Resources-for-Meeting-Attendance
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newsletter with information about City Council and Council Committee meetings and events, including
direct links to all published agendas and notifications of amended or supplemental materials. The
newsletter is currently distributed to over 1,500 individuals, and the public may sign up online via a
prominent link on the Meeting Agendas and Minutes page.
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Practices Already in
Alignment with SB 707
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Policy & Services Committee
Staff Report
From: City Manager
Report Type: ACTION ITEMS
Lead Department: City Manager
Meeting Date: February 10, 2026
Report #:2601-5853
TITLE
City Council Referral: Review and Recommend Updates to the City Council Values
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends the Policy and Services Committee review the City Council values and
propose any recommended changes to the City Council for approval.
BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS
On November 7, 2022, the City Council adopted1 values in the Procedures and Protocols
Handbook as a way to guide future priority-setting meetings with more focus on more timely
issues. The City Council noted that the values statement was intended as a reflection what the
enduring values are of the City Council to save time, act as a guide in the future, and to help
with the confusion between values and priorities annually.
At the time the values were approved by the City Council, it was understood that a future City
Council could change/update the values and that the values were focused on the work of the
City Council (not intended to be stated as City of Palo Alto values).
At the January 24, 2026 City Council retreat, the City Council expressed interest in updating the
values statement as well as elevating the presence of the values to be shared beyond just being
shown in the City Council Procedures and Protocols Handbook. The existing values statement:
The Palo Alto City Council has universally shared values that help guide our decisions and the
work we do. These values include:
1. We will make decisions that balance revenues and expenses, now and in the future.
2. We will make decisions that are environmentally sustainable, now and in the future.
1 City Council Meeting, November 7, 2022; Link:
https://portal.laserfiche.com/Portal/DocView.aspx?id=31240&repo=r-704298fc&searchid=0d712abe-b8ef-435e-
9045-9198fc7001ae
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3. We will integrate equity into our decisions, considering how decisions affect people
differently based on their identity or circumstances.
4. We will make decisions that create a healthy, safe and welcoming community for all.
5. We will safeguard public trust through transparent practices and open communication.
6. We embrace innovation.
At the January 24 City Council retreat, the following values suggestions3 were shared for
discussion and recommended to be further explored by the Policy and Services Committee.
City Councilmember Suggestions for Values Updates
Councilmembers Burt/Reckdahl suggestions:
The Council holds these values to help guide Council and staff initiatives and actions:
1) Vibrant Community. Cultivate a dynamic community by fostering retail vibrancy, strong
local economy, engaging public spaces, and a high quality of life for all.
2) Fiscal Responsibility. Exercise disciplined financial management to ensure city revenues
and expenses remain balanced and sustainable.
3) Accountable Governance. Safeguard public trust through transparent practices, inclusive
civic engagement, and open communication.
4) Environmental Leadership. Lead in environmental sustainability, protection of our
natural environment, and climate action and adaptation.
5) Equitable Policies. Prioritize equity by evaluating how decisions impact individuals based
on their unique identities and circumstances.
6) Community Well-being. Foster a healthy, safe, and welcoming community for all.
7) Socioeconomic Diversity. Advance diverse housing and workforce opportunities to build
a socially and economically balanced community.
8) Strategic Innovation. As the birthplace of Silicon Valley, embrace innovation in the
public and private sectors.
3 City Council Retreat, January 24, 2026, Link:
https://cityofpaloalto.primegov.com/Portal/Meeting?meetingTemplateId=18520
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Mayor Veenker Suggestions:
3) Implement housing strategies for social & economic balance
4) Promote climate action and adaptation and environmental sustainability.
5) Promote economic development and retail vibrancy
6) Promote safety, wellness, and belonging for all
5 on this topic was transmitted to the City Council in December. This effort involved a
team comprised of representatives from across the City to review and update the City values
established more than two decades ago, to restate values that are both aspirational and
grounded in the experiences of current employees. The four Organizational Values and
descriptors that emerged from the refresh review and engagement effort are:
Respect
Exemplify integrity, courtesy, inclusion and professionalism
Innovation
Develop creative solutions for continuous improvement
Service
Demonstrate excellence through purpose driven, collaborative problem solving
Empowerment
Cultivate learning growth and shared success
FISCAL/RESOURCE IMPACT
5 City Council Meeting, December 8, 2025, Informational Report, Item A:
https://cityofpaloalto.primegov.com/Portal/Meeting?meetingTemplateId=16345
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STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
APPROVED BY:
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