HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 5674
Ordinance No. 5674
Ordinance of the Council of the City of Palo Alto Repealing Chapter 16.04
and Chapter 16.19 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code and Adopting a New
Chapter 16.04, California Building Code, and a New Chapter 16.19,
California Historical Building Code and California Existing Building Code,
2025 Editions, and Local Amendments and Related Findings
The Council of the City of Palo Alto does ORDAIN as follows:
SECTION 1. Chapter 16.04 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code is hereby amended by
repealing it in its entirety and adopting a new Chapter 16.04 to read as follows:
CHAPTER 16.04
CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE,
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24, PART 2, VOLUMES 1 & 2
Sections
16.04.010 2025 California Building Code, Title 24, Part 2, Volumes 1 & 2
adopted and amended.
16.04.020 Cross - References to California Building Code.
16.04.030 Local Amendments.
16.04.040 Adoption of 2025 California Building Code Chapter 1,
Division II – Scope and Administration, Part 1 – Scope and
Application and Part 2 – Administration and Enforcement.
16.04.050 Section 101.1 Title.
16.04.060 Section 101.2.1 Appendices.
16.04.070 Section 101.4 Referenced codes.
16.04.080 Section 103 Code Compliance Agency.
16.04.090 Section 104.2.4.1 Flood hazard area.
16.04.100 Section 104.3.1 Determination of substantially improved or
substantially damaged existing buildings and structures in flood
hazard areas.
16.04.110 Section 105.2 Work exempt from permit.
16.04.120 Section 105.3.2 Time limitation of application.
16.04.130 Section 105.5 Expiration.
16.04.140 Section 106.1 Live loads posted.
16.04.150 Section 109.6 Refunds.
16.04.160 Section 109.7 Re-Inspection fees.
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16.04.170 Section 110.2.1 Preliminary accessibility compliance inspection.
16.04.180 Section 110.3.3 Lowest floor elevation.
16.04.190 Section 111.1 Use and occupancy.
16.04.200 Section 111.3 Temporary occupancy.
16.04.210 Section 111.5 Posting.
16.04.220 Section 113 Means of Appeals.
16.04.225 Section 114 Violations.
16.04.230 Section 115 Stop Work Order.
16.04.235 Section 202 Definitions.
16.04.240 Section 502.1 Address identification.
16.04.250 Reserved
16.04.260 Section 903.2 Automatic sprinkler systems, where required.
16.04.270 Section 903.3.1.1 NFPA 13 sprinkler systems.
16.04.280 Section 903.3.1.2 NFPA 13R sprinkler systems.
16.04.290 Section 903.3.1.3 NFPA 13D sprinkler systems.
16.04.300 Section 903.3.1.3.1 Increase in fire sprinkler design criteria.
16.04.310 Section 903.4.4 Floor control valves.
16.04.320 Section 905.3.1 Height.
16.04.330 Section 907.2.11.2.4 Smoke alarms.
16.04.340 Section 909.20.7 Smoke control systems schedule.
16.04.345 Section 915.6 Maintenance.
16.04.350 Section 1008.3 Illumination required by an emergency electrical system.
16.04.360 Section 1031.2 Where required.
16.04.370 Reserved.
16.04.380 Section 1205.3.4 Roof guards at courts.
16.04.390 Section 1208.6 Dwelling unit and congregate residence superficial floor
area.
16.04.400 Section 1503.2.1 Locations.
16.04.410 Section 1612.1.1 Palo Alto Flood Hazard Regulations.
16.04.420 Section 1613.8 Suspended ceilings.
16.04.430 Reserved
16.04.440 Section 1705.3 Concrete construction.
16.04.450 Section 1803.2 Investigations required.
16.04.460 Section 1803.5.11 Seismic design categories C through F.
16.04.470 Section 1809.7 Prescriptive footings for light-frame construction.
16.04.480 Section 1809.8 Plain concrete footings.
16.04.490 Section 1901.2 Plain and reinforced concrete.
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16.04.500 Section 1905.6.2 Seismic Design C, D, E and F.
16.04.510 SECTION 1906 FOOTINGS FOR LIGHT-FRAME CONSTRUCTION
16.04.520 Section 1906.1 Plain concrete footings.
16.04.530 Section 1907.1 Structural slabs-on-ground
16.04.535 Section 1907.2 Nonstructural slabs-on-ground
16.04.540 Reserved
16.04.550 Reserved
16.04.560 Section 2308.10.4 Braced wall panel construction.
16.04.570 Section 2308.10.5 Alternative bracing.
16.04.580 TABLE 2308.10.1 WALL BRACING REQUIREMENTS.
16.04.590 TABLE 2308.10.3(1) BRACING METHODS.
16.04.600 Section 2308.10.9 Attachment of sheathing.
16.04.610 SECTION 2505 SHEAR WALL CONSTRUCTION.
16.04.620 Reserved
16.04.630 Chapter 31B Public Pools.
16.04.640 Section 3304.1 Excavation and fill.
16.04.010 2025 California Building Code, Title 24, Part 2, Volumes
1 & 2 adopted and amended.
The California Building Code, 2025 Edition, Title 24, Part 2, Volumes 1 & 2 of the
California Code of Regulations, together with those omissions, amendments, exceptions,
and additions thereto, is adopted and hereby incorporated in this Chapter by reference
and made a part hereof the same as if fully set forth herein.
Unless superseded and expressly repealed, references in City of Palo Alto forms,
documents and regulations to the chapters and sections of any former iteration of the
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, shall be construed to apply to the corresponding
provisions contained within the California Code of Regulations, Title 24, 2025. Ordinance
No. 5564 and No. 5664 of the City of Palo Alto and all other ordinances or parts of
ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby expressly repealed.
Wherever the phrases “California Building Code” or “Building Code” are used in this code
or any ordinance of the City, such phrases shall be deemed and construed to refer and
apply to the California Building Code, 2025 Edition, Title 24, Part 2 of the California Code
of Regulations, as adopted by this chapter.
One (1) copy of the California Building Code, 2025 Edition, has been filed for use and
examination of the public in the Office of the Chief Building Official of the City of Palo
Alto.
16.04.020 Cross - References to California Building Code.
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030
040
050
060
070
The provisions of this Chapter contain cross-references to the provisions of the California
Building Code, 2025 Edition, in order to facilitate reference and comparison to those
provisions.
16.04. Local Amendments.
The provisions of this Chapter shall constitute local amendments to the cross-referenced
provisions of the California Building Code, 2025 Edition, and shall be deemed to replace the
cross-referenced sections of said Code with the respective provisions set forth in this
Chapter. Where used in this Chapter 16.04, ellipses shall indicate text of the California
Building Code, 2025 Edition, that has been adopted without amendment but is omitted for
brevity.
16.04. Adoption of 2025 California Building Code Chapter 1,
Division II – Scope and Administration, Part 1 – Scope and
Application and Part 2 – Administration and Enforcement
Chapter 1, Division II, Parts 1 – Scope and Application and Part 2 – Administration and
Enforcement of the 2025 California Building Code are adopted in their entirety, as
amended herein.
16.04. Section 101.1 Title.
Section 101.1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
101.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the Building Code of City of Palo
Alto, hereinafter referred to as “this code”.
16.04. Section 101.2.1 Appendices.
Section 101.2.1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
The following Appendix chapters and sections of the California Building Code,
2025 Edition, are adopted and hereby incorporated in this Chapter by reference
and made a part hereof the same as if fully set forth herein:
A. Appendix I – Patio Covers (Sections I101 through I105)
B. Appendix J – Grading (Section J109.4 Drainage across property lines)
C. Appendix Q – Emergency Housing (Sections Q101 through Q110)
16.04. 101.4 Referenced codes.
Section 101.4 of the California Building Code is amended to add subdivisions 101.4.9
through 101.4.13, as follows:
101.4 Referenced codes. The other codes listed in Section 101.4.1 through
101.4.13 and referenced elsewhere in this code shall be considered part of the
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requirements of this code to the prescribed extent of each such reference.
[. . .]
101.4.9 Historical Buildings. The provisions of the California Historical
Code shall apply to the alteration, addition, and relocation to qualified
historical buildings or properties.
101.4.10 Electrical. The provisions of the California Electrical Code
shall apply to the installation of electrical systems, including
alterations, repairs, replacement, equipment, appliances, fixtures,
fittings and appurtenances thereto.
101.4.11 Residential Buildings. The provisions of the California
Residential Code shall apply to all matters governing the design and
construction of detached, one- and two-family dwellings, townhouses
not more than three stories and separate means of egress, and
structural accessory thereto.
101.4.12 Green Building Standards. The provisions of the California
Green Building Standards Code shall apply to all matters governing the
"green building" related planning, design construction, operation, use
and occupancy of newly constructed and altered buildings.
101.4.13 International Swimming and Spa Code. The provisions of the
2024 International Swimming and Spa Code shall apply to the installation
of private swimming pools and spa facilities.
16.04.080 Section 103 Code Compliance Agency.
Section 103 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
103.1 Creation of enforcement agency. The Planning and Development
Services Department is hereby created and the official in charge thereof shall be
known as the chief building official, also referred to as building official or code
official. The function of the department shall be the implementation,
administration, and enforcement of the provisions of this code.
103.2 Appointment. The building official shall be appointed by the chief
appointing authority of the jurisdiction.
103.3 Deputies. In accordance with the prescribed procedures of this jurisdiction
and with the concurrence of the appointing authority, the building official shall
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have the authority to appoint assistant chief building officials, manager
supervisors, and other technical officers, inspectors, and other employees. Such
employees shall have powers as delegated by the building official.
16.04.090 Section 104.2.4.1 Flood hazard area.
Section 104.2.4.1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
104.2.4.1 Flood hazard areas. The city engineer or designee shall not grant
modifications to any provision required in flood hazard areas as established by
Section 1612.3 unless a determination has been made that:
1. A showing of good and sufficient cause that the unique
characteristics of the size, configuration or topography of the site
render the elevation standards of Section 1612 inappropriate.
2. A determination that failure to grant the variance would result in
exceptional hardship by rendering the lot undevelopable.
3. A determination that the granting of a variance will not result in
increased flood heights, additional threats to public safety,
extraordinary public expense, cause fraud on or victimization of the
public, or conflict with existing laws or ordinances.
4. A determination that the variance is the minimum necessary to
afford relief, considering the flood hazard.
5. Submission to the applicant of written notice specifying the difference
between the design flood elevation and the elevation to which the
building is to be built, stating that the cost of flood insurance will be
commensurate with the increased risk resulting from the reduced
floor elevation, and stating that construction below the design flood
elevation increases risks to life a property.
16.04.100 Section 104.3.1 Determination of substantially improved or
substantially damaged existing buildings and structures in flood
hazard areas.
Section 104.3.1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
104.3.1 Determination of substantially improved or substantially damaged
existing buildings and structures in flood hazard areas. For applications for
reconstruction, rehabilitation, repair, alteration, addition or other improvement
of existing buildings or structures located in flood hazard areas, the city engineer
or designee shall determine if the proposed work constitutes substantial
improvement or repair of substantial damage. Where the city engineer or
designee determines that the proposed work constitutes substantial
improvement or repair of substantial damage, and where required by this code,
the city engineer or designee shall require the building to meet the requirements
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of Section 1612 of the California Building Code, Section R306 of the California
Residential Code as amended, or Palo Alto Municipal Code 16.52 Flood Hazard
Regulations, whichever is more stringent.
16.04.110 Section 105.2 Work exempt from permit.
Section 105.2 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
105.2 Work exempt from permit. Exemptions from permit requirements of this
code shall not be deemed to grant authorization for any work to be done in any
manner in violation of the provisions of this code or any other laws or
ordinances of this jurisdiction. Permits shall not be required for the following:
Building:
1. One-story detached accessory structures used as tool and storage
sheds, playhouses and similar uses, provided that the floor area
does not exceed 120 square feet (11.15 m2). It is permissible that
these structures still be regulated by Section 710A, despite
exemption from permit.
2. Wood fences, other than swimming pool barriers, not over 7 feet
(2134 mm) high or concrete or masonry wall not over 4 feet
(1219 mm) high when not subject to specific city of Palo Alto
Planning and Zoning regulations.
3. Retaining walls that are not over 4 feet (1219 mm) in height
measured from the bottom of the footing to the top of the wall,
unless supporting a surcharge or impounding Class I, II or IIIA
liquids.
4. Oil derricks.
5. Water tanks supported directly on grade if the capacity is not
greater than 5,000 gallons (18 925 L) and the ratio of height to
diameter or width is not greater than 2:1.
6. Sidewalks and driveways not more than 30 inches (762 mm)
above adjacent grade and not over any basement or story below
and are not part of an accessible route, accessible parking
spaces, or required exits.
7. Wood decks not over 30 inches above surrounding grade or
finishes, not attached to a structure, or serving any part of the
means of egress.
8. Painting, papering, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, counter tops and
similar finish work.
9. Temporary motion picture, television and theater stage sets and
scenery.
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10. Prefabricated swimming pools accessory to a Group R-3
occupancy that are less than 24 inches deep, do not exceed
5,000 gallons and are installed entirely above ground.
11. Shade cloth structures constructed for nursery or agricultural
purposes, not including service systems.
12. Swings and other playground equipment accessory to detached
one- and two- family dwellings and not considered a public
playground.
13. Window awnings supported by an exterior wall that do not
project more than 54 inches (1,372 mm) from the exterior wall
and do not require additional support of Group R-3 and U
occupancies.
14. Nonfixed and movable fixtures, cases, racks, counters and
partitions not over 5 feet 9 inches (1753 mm) in height.
Electrical:
1. Repairs and maintenance: Minor repair work, including the
replacement of lamps or the connection of approved portable
electrical equipment to approved permanently installed
receptacles.
2. Radio and television transmitting stations: The provisions of
this code shall not apply to electrical equipment used for radio
and television transmissions, but do apply to equipment and
wiring for a power supply and the installations of towers and
antennas.
3. Temporary testing systems: A permit shall not be required for
the installation of any temporary system required for the testing
or servicing of electrical equipment or apparatus.
4. Temporary decorative lighting: Exterior listed plug-in decorative
lighting plugged into a waterproof GFCI receptacle outlet.
5. Replacement of overcurrent devices: Replacement of any
overcurrent device less than 1,200 amps of the same capacity in
the same location.
6. Wiring for temporary theatre, motion picture or television stage
sets.
7. Electrical wiring, devices, appliances, apparatus, or equipment
operating at less than 25 volts and not capable of supplying more
than 50 watts of energy.
Gas:
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1. Portable heating appliance.
2. Replacement of any minor part that does not alter approval of
equipment or make such equipment unsafe.
Mechanical:
1. Portable heating appliance.
2. Portable ventilation equipment.
3. Portable cooling unit.
4. Steam, hot or chilled water piping within any heating or cooling
equipment regulated by this code.
5. Replacement of any part that does not alter its listing/approval
or make it unsafe.
6. Portable evaporative cooler.
7. Self-contained refrigeration system containing 10 pounds (4.54
kg) or less of refrigerant and actuated by motors of 1 horsepower
(0.75 kW) or less.
Plumbing:
1. The stopping of leaks in drains, water, soil, waste or vent pipe,
provided however, that if any concealed trap, drain pipe, water, soil,
waste or vent pipe becomes defective and it becomes necessary to
remove and replace the same with new material, such work shall be
considered as new work and a permit shall be obtained and
inspection made as provided in this code.
2. The clearing of stoppages or the repairing of leaks in pipes, valves or
fixtures and the removal and reinstallation of water closets, provided
that such repairs do not involve or require the replacement or
rearrangement of valves, pipes or fixtures.
[. . .]
16.04.120 Section 105.3.2 Time limitation of application.
Section 105.3.2 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
105.3.2 Time limitation of application. An accepted application for a permit for
any proposed work shall be deemed to have been abandoned twelve (12)
months after the date of filing, unless such application has been pursued in good
faith or a permit has been issued; except that the building official is authorized
to grant one or more extensions and/or reactivations for additional periods not
exceeding ninety (90) days each. The extension shall be required in writing and
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justifiable cause demonstrated.
16.04.130 Section 105.5 Expiration.
Section 105.5 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
105.5 Expiration. Every permit issued shall become invalid unless the work on
the site authorized by such permit is commenced within twelve (12) months after
its issuance, or if the work authorized on the site by such permit is suspended or
abandoned for a period of twelve (12) months after the time the work is
commenced. For the purpose of this section, failure to progress a project to the
next level of required inspection, as determined by the chief building official,
shall be deemed to be suspension of the work.
The chief building official or designee is authorized to grant, in writing, no more
than three extensions and reactivations of permits that would otherwise expire
or reactivations of expired permits, for periods not more than 180 days each and
may require:
1. that construction documents be revised to partially or fully to comply
with current codes and ordinances; and
2. payment of fees; and
3. payment of a penalty pursuant to Chapter 16.62 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code.
Extensions and reactivations shall be requested in writing and justifiable cause
demonstrated. Additional extensions or reactivations beyond three may only be
granted with the approval of the City Council.
105.5.1 Term limit for permits. All work associated with a building permit must
be completed, and final inspection issued, within forty-eight (48) months of
permit issuance. Once a term limit has been exhausted without obtaining an
approved final inspection the permit will automatically become void. The chief
building official or designee is authorized to allow a new permit application to be
applied for the original scope of work and may require:
1. that construction documents be revised to partially or fully to comply
with current codes and ordinances; and
2. payment of partial or all plan review and permit fees; and
3. payment of a penalty pursuant to Chapter 16.62 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code.
16.04.140 Section 106.1 Live loads posted.
Section 106.1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
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106.1 Live Loads Posted. In commercial, institutional or industrial buildings, for
each floor or portion thereof designed for live loads exceeding 50 psf (2.40
kN/m2), such design live loads shall be conspicuously posted by the owner or
the owner's authorized agent in that part of each story in which they apply,
using durable signs. It shall be unlawful to remove or deface such notices.
16.04.150 Section 109.6 Refunds.
Section 109.6 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
109.6 Refunds. The building official or designee may authorize the refund of any
fee paid hereunder which was erroneously paid or collected. The building official
or designee may authorize the refund of not more than eighty percent (80%) of
the Permit Fee paid when no work has occurred under a permit issued pursuant
to this Chapter. The building official or designee may authorize the refund of not
more than eighty percent (80%) of the Plan Review Fee paid when a permit
application is withdrawn or canceled before any plan review work has started.
16.04.160 Section 109.7 Re-Inspection fees.
Section 109.7 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is added to read:
109.7 Re-Inspection Fees. A re-inspection fee may be assessed/authorized
by the building official or designee for each occurrence as itemized below:
1. inspection record card is not posted or otherwise available on the
work site; or
2. approved plans are not readily available for the inspector at the time
of inspection; or
3. inspector is unable to access the work at the time of inspection; or
4. when work has substantially deviated from the approved plans
without the prior approval of required revision; or
5. when work for which an inspection is requested is not ready for
inspection; or
6. when required corrections noted during prior inspections have not
been completed.
When a re-inspection fee is assessed, additional inspection of the work will not be
performed until the fee has been paid.
16.04.170 Section 110.2.1 Preliminary accessibility compliance inspection.
Section 110.2.1 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is added to read:
110.2.1 Preliminary accessibility compliance inspection. Before issuing a permit,
the building official or designee is authorized to examine or cause to be examined
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the pre- construction accessibility compliance conditions of the buildings,
structures, and sites for which an application has been filed.
16.04.180 Section 110.3.3 Lowest floor elevation.
Section 110.3.3 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
110.3.3 Lowest floor elevation. In flood hazard areas, upon placement of the
lowest floor, including the basement, and prior to further vertical construction,
the elevation certification shall be submitted to City Public Works Engineering for
inspection approval prior to foundation inspection by City Building Inspection
staff.
16.04.190 Section 111.1 Use and occupancy.
Section 111.1 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
111.1 Use and occupancy. A building or structure shall not be used or occupied,
and a change in the existing occupancy of a building or structure or portion
thereof shall not be made, until the chief building official has issued a certificate
of occupancy therefor as provided herein. Issuance of a certificate of occupancy
shall not be construed as an approval of a violation of the provisions of this code
or of other ordinances of the jurisdiction.
Exception: Certificates of occupancy are not required or issued for:
1. Work exempted from permits under Section 105.2
2. Group R – Division 3 and Group U occupancies located on a single-family
residential/agricultural lot.
3. Non-residential “core and shell” or similar construction (exterior
envelope and structural framework) without finalized tenant
improvement(s).
4. Site development without a building or buildings as defined in section
202.
111.1.1 Change of occupancy or tenancy. Each change of occupancy, official
name or tenancy of any building, structure, or portion thereof, shall require a
new certificate of occupancy, whether or not any alterations to the building are
required by this code.
Before any application for a new certificate of occupancy is accepted, a fee
shall be paid by the applicant to cover the cost of the inspection of the
building required by the change of occupancy or tenancy.
When application is made for a new certificate of occupancy under this
section, the building official and fire chief shall cause an inspection of the
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building to be made. The inspector(s) shall inform the applicant of those
alterations necessary, or if none are necessary, and shall submit a report of
compliance to the building official.
If a portion of any building does not conform to the requirements of this code
for a proposed occupancy, that portion shall be made to conform. The
building official may issue a new certificate of occupancy without requiring
compliance with all such requirements if it is determined that the change in
occupancy or tenancy will result in no increased hazard to life or limb, health,
property, or public welfare.
16.04.200 Section 111.3 Temporary occupancy.
Section 111.3 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
111.3 Temporary occupancy. The building official or designee is authorized to
issue a temporary certificate of occupancy before the completion of the entire
work covered by the permit, or as otherwise required, provided that such portion
or portions shall be occupied safely. The building official or designee shall set a
time period during which the temporary certificate of occupancy is valid.
16.04.210 Section 111.5 Posting.
Section 111.5 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is added to read:
111.5 Posting. The temporary certificate of occupancy or certificate of occupancy
shall be posted in a conspicuous, readily accessible place in the building or
portion of building to be occupied and shall not be removed except when
authorized by the building official.
16.04.220 Section 113 Means of Appeals.
Section 113 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
SECTION 113 MEANS OF APPEALS
113.1 Appeals. A person requesting an order, decision, or determination made
by the building official relative to the California Building Code (as amended) may
appeal such order,
decision or determination by completing a request for hearing form and
returning it to the City within thirty calendar days from the date of the decision,
together with all applicable fees authorized by the City’s Municipal Fee Schedule.
A request for hearing shall be based on a claim that the true intent of the
California Building Code (as amended) or the rules legally adopted thereunder
have been incorrectly interpreted, the provisions of this code do not fully apply
or an equivalent or better form of construction is proposed.
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(a) The person requesting the hearing shall be notified of the time and place set
for the hearing at least ten days prior to the date of the hearing.
(b) If the building official submits an additional written report concerning the
decision to hearing officer for consideration at the hearing, then a copy of this
report shall also be served on the person requesting the hearing at least five days
prior to the date of the hearing.
(c) The appeal procedure set out in this Section 113.1 et seq. does not apply to:
(1) decisions by the building official or any other City official related to
administrative enforcement actions taken under Chapter 1.12 or Chapter 1.16
of the Palo Alto Municipal Code; (2) decisions by the City to enforce the
California Building Code under any provision of criminal law; or (3) any other
action taken by the City that specifies its own appeal procedure.
113.2 Hearing Officer. The building official shall designate a hearing officer for
the appeal hearing. The hearing officer may consist of one person or a body of
people. The hearing officer shall not be the building official or any directly
subordinate employees.
(a) The hearing officer does not have authority to waive requirements of the
California Building Code (as amended) or interpret the administration of the
Code.
(b) The hearing officer does not have authority to issue an order, decision, or
determination on his or her own authority. This includes the issuance or
amendment of building permits.
(c) The hearing officer shall be qualified by experience and training to pass on
matters pertaining to building construction.
113.3 Hearing procedures.
(a) No appeal hearing before a hearing officer shall be noticed unless the
applicable fee(s) been paid in advance in accordance with Section 113.1.
(b) A hearing before the hearing officer shall be set for a date that is not less
than fifteen days and not more than sixty days from the date that the request for
hearing is filed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. The party
requesting the hearing may request one continuance for any reason, provided
that the hearing officer is given the request for continuance at least forty-eight
hours in advance of the scheduled hearing and that the deferred hearing shall
not be deferred more than ninety days after the request for hearing was made.
A request for continuance made less than forty-eight hours before the scheduled
hearing may be granted by the hearing officer based upon exigency only. The
parties may stipulate to an alternative hearing date schedule outside of these rules upon
a finding of good cause and approval from the hearing officer.
(c) At the hearing, the appellant shall be given the opportunity to testify and to
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present evidence and cross-examine witnesses concerning the appeal. The
appellant may appear personally or through a representative. Prehearing
discovery is not authorized, but subpoena of witnesses and documents shall be
permitted as authorized by law. The hearing officer may conduct the hearing
informally, both as to rules of procedure and admission of evidence, in any
manner which will provide a fair hearing.
(d) The failure of the appellant to appear at the hearing or, in the alternative, to
present written or demonstrative evidence shall constitute the dismissal of the
appeal with prejudice.
(e) The administrative record and any additional report submitted by the
building official shall constitute presumptive evidence of the respective facts
contained in those documents. The building official shall have the same rights as
the appellant to testify, present evidence, and cross-examine witnesses
concerning the appeal.
(f) The hearing officer may continue the hearing and request additional
information from the building official or appellant prior to issuing a written
decision.
113.4 Hearing Officer’s decision.
(a) After considering all the testimony and evidence submitted at the hearing,
the hearing officer shall issue a written decision to uphold or amend the building
official’s order, decision or determination, and the reasons for that decision. The
decision of the hearing officer shall be issued within thirty days following
completion of the hearing. The decision of the hearing officer shall be final upon
service on the appellant, subject only to judicial review as allowed by law.
(b) The hearing officer shall consider any written or oral evidence submitted at
the hearing consistent with ascertainment of the facts regarding the issues of the
appeal.
(c) If the hearing officer determines that the building official’s order, decision,
or determination should not be upheld as originally given, then the hearing
officer shall direct the building official to make any amendments or changes
necessary to implement the hearing officer’s decision. The hearing officer shall
also give the building official a reasonable deadline to complete such actions.
(d) The appellant shall be served with a copy of the hearing officer's written
decision within ten calendar days following its issuance.
16.04.225 Section 114 Violations.
Section 114 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
SECTION 114 VIOLATIONS
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114.1 Unlawful acts. It is unlawful for any person to violate any provision or to fail to
comply with any of the requirements of this Chapter or any permits, conditions, or
variances granted under this Chapter. Violators shall be subject to any penalty or
penalties authorized by law, including but not limited to: administrative enforcement
pursuant to Chapters 1.12, 1.16 and 16.62 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code; and
criminal enforcement pursuant to Chapter 1.08 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code. Each
separate day or any portion thereof during which any violation of this Chapter occurs
or continues shall be deemed to constitute a separate offense.
When the chief building official determines that a violation of this Chapter has
occurred, the chief building official may, in his or her sole discretion, record a notice
of pendency of code violation with the Office of the County Recorder stating the
address and owner of the property involved. When the violation has been corrected,
the chief building official shall issue and record a release of the notice of pendency of
code violation.
[. . .]
114.5 Criminal enforcement authority. The employee positions designated in this
section are authorized to exercise the authority provided in California Penal Code
section 836.5 for violations of this Chapter. The designated employee positions are: (1)
chief building official, (2) assistant chief building official, (3) building inspection manager, (4)
Building Inspector or Building Inspector Specialist as designated by the chief building official
and
(5) code enforcement officer.
16.04.230 Section 115 Stop Work Order.
Section 115 of Chapter 1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
SECTION 115 STOP WORK ORDER
115.1 Authority. Whenever the building official finds any work regulated by this
code being performed in a manner that is contrary to the provisions of this code,
without a permit, beyond the scope of the issued permit, in violation of the Palo
Alto Municipal Code or Zoning Ordinance, or dangerous or unsafe, the building
official is authorized to issue a stop work order.
115.2 Issuance. The stop work order shall be in writing and shall be posted in a
visible location near the location where the work is being conducted. If the owner
or owner’s agent is not on site at the time of posting, a notice advising the
reasons for the stop work order issuance shall be hand delivered or mailed first-
class to the owner of the property involved, or to the owner’s agent, or to the
person doing the work. Upon issuance of a stop work order, the cited work shall
immediately cease. The stop work order shall state the reason for the order, the
conditions under which the cited work will be permitted to resume, and the
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name and contact information of the official or agency issuing the order.
115.3 Emergencies. Where an emergency exists, the building official shall not be
required to give a written notice prior to stopping the work.
115.4 Unlawful continuance. Any person who continues to engage in any work
after having been served with a stop work order, except such work as that person
is directed to perform to remove a violation or unsafe condition, shall be guilty
of a misdemeanor.
115.5 Removal of posted stop work order. Any person who removes a posted
stop work order without written consent of the Building Official shall be guilty of
a misdemeanor.
115.6 Response required. Violators receiving a stop work order are required to
respond to Planning and Development Services within five (5) business days of
the issued notice to receive instructions on how to rescind the order.
115.7 Permit application required. A building permit application with
construction or demolition plans and supporting (structural calculations, energy
calculations, accessible access) documents must be submitted for approval
within twenty (20) working days following response to Planning and
Development Services. Plans will be reviewed and correction letters issued or
permit application approved by Planning and Development Services. A response
to any correction letter must be submitted within fifteen (15) working days of
the date of the correction letter. Ten (10) working days will be required to review
this second submission and a permit approved for issuance. Permits ready for
issuance must be issued within five (5) working days thereafter. All construction
must be inspected as work progresses and signed off by all (affected)
departments within the permit term limits outlined in Section 105.5.1 or as
determined by the building official.
115.8 Stop work order penalty. The Building Official may impose Stop Work
Order Penalties in accordance with Section 1.14.050 of this code and/or other
applicable law.
16.04.235 Section 202 Definitions.
Section 202 of Chapter 2 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
[…]
FLOOR AREA, GROSS. The floor area within the inside perimeter of the exterior walls of the
building under consideration, exclusive of vent shafts and courts, without deduction for
corridors, stairways, ramps, closets, the thickness of interior walls, columns or other
features. The floor area of a building, or portion thereof, not provided with surrounding
exterior walls shall be the usable area under the horizontal projection of the roof or floor
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above. The gross floor area shall not include shafts with no openings or interior courts. For
the purposes of Title 18 (Zoning), the definition of “gross floor area” in Section 18.04.030
shall apply.
[…]
FLOOR AREA, NET. The actual occupied area not including unoccupied accessory areas such
as corridors, stairways, ramps, toilet rooms, mechanical rooms and closets. For the
purposes of Title 18 (Zoning), the definition of “net floor area” in Section 18.04.030 shall
apply.
[…]
16.04.240 Section 502.1 Address identification.
Section 502.1 of Chapter 5 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
502.1 Address identification. New and existing buildings shall be provided with approved
address identification. The address identification shall be legible and placed in a position
that is visible from the street or road fronting the property. Address identification
characters shall contrast with their background. Address numbers shall be Arabic numbers
or alphabetical letters. Numbers shall not be spelled out. Each character shall be not less
than 4 inches (102 mm) high with a minimum stroke width of ½ inch (12.7 mm) unless
required to be larger by Section 502.1.2. When required by the fire code official, address
identification shall be provided in additional approved locations to facilitate emergency
response. Where access is by means of a private road and the building address cannot be
viewed from the public way, a monument, pole or other approved sign or means shall be
used to identify the structure. Address numbers shall be maintained.
502.1.1 Address illumination. Address identification required by Section 502.1
shall be illuminated.
502.1.2 Address identification size. Address numbers and letters shall be sized as
follows:
1. When the structure is between thirty-six (36) and fifty (50) feet from the
road or other emergency means of access, a minimum of one-half inch
(0.5") stroke by six inches (6") high is required.
2. When the structure is fifty (50) or more feet from the road or other
emergency means of access, a minimum of one inch (1") stroke by nine
inches (9") high is required.
16.04.250 Reserved.
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16.04.260 Section 903.2 Automatic sprinkler systems, where required.
Section 903.2 of Chapter 9 the California Building Code is amended to read:
903.2 Automatic sprinkler systems, where required. Approved automatic
sprinkler systems in new buildings and structures and in existing modified
buildings and structures, shall be provided in the locations described in this
section. Automatic fire sprinklers shall be installed per the requirements set forth
in Sections 903.2.1 through 903.2.18 and as follows, whichever is the more
restrictive:
1. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all new
buildings and structures.
Exception: New non-residential occupancies, buildings or structures
that do not exceed 350 square feet of building area and contain no
plumbing fixtures.
2. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all
existing buildings when modifications are made that create
conditions described in Sections 903.2.1 through 903.2.18, or that
create an increase in fire area to more than 3600 square feet or when
the addition is equal or greater than 50% of the existing building
square footage whichever is more restrictive.
3. An automatic sprinkler system is required in basements when any of
the following occur:
a. New basements used for storage, utility, occupancy or habitable
space regardless of size.
b. Existing basements that are altered for the use of storage, utility,
occupancy, or habitable space regardless of size.
c. Existing basements that are expanded by more than 50%. If the
addition or alteration is only the basement, then only the basement is
required to be fire sprinkler protected.
4. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout when
either the roof structure and/or exterior wall structure have been
removed, altered, and/or replaced by at least 50% of the existing
structure.
5. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout when any
change in use or occupancy creates a more hazardous fire/life-safety
condition, as determined by the fire code official.
6. All new trash enclosures regardless of size require installation of fire
sprinklers (nonresidential only).
Exception: A fire extinguishing system will not apply when all of the
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following conditions are met:
a. The trash enclosure including the door(s) and roof are constructed
of noncombustible materials.
b. The trash enclosure is a stand-alone structure, be a minimum of 20
feet away from adjacent buildings and 10-feet away from property
line(s); and
c. The enclosure is used exclusively for waste garbage, recyclables,
and organize waste/composting contained within the approved
trash bins/containers. No outdoor storage is permitted within the
trash enclosure.
7. Phone booths and pods when installed in a building equipped with a
fire sprinkler system (nonresidential only).
8. Fume hoods when installed in a building equipped with a fire
sprinkler system (nonresidential only).
Exception: Spaces or areas in telecommunications buildings used
exclusively for telecommunications equipment, associated electrical
power distribution equipment, batteries and standby engines,
provided that those spaces or areas are equipped throughout with an
automatic smoke detection system in accordance with Section 907.2
and are separated from the remainder of the building by not less than
1-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or not
less than 2-hour horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance
with Section 711, or both.
16.04.270 Section 903.3.1.1 NFPA 13 sprinkler systems.
Section 903.3.1.1 of Chapter 9 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
903.3.1.1 NFPA 13 sprinkler systems. Where the provisions of this code require
that a building or portion thereof be equipped throughout with an automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with this section, sprinklers shall be installed
throughout in accordance with NFPA 13 and State and local requirements except
as provided in Section 903.3.1.1.
1. For new buildings having no designated use or tenant, the minimum
sprinkler design density shall be Ordinary Hazard Group II/1500
square feet.
2. Where future use or tenant is determined to require a higher density,
the sprinkler system shall be augmented to meet the higher density.
3. Light hazard occupancy shall be hydraulically designed to a 1500
square feet most remote area or as required by the fire code official
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4. Laboratory areas within buildings shall be hydraulically designed to
Ordinary Hazard II density.
5. Parking areas where mechanical vehicle storage equipment is used
shall be hydraulically designed to Extra Hazard II density.
6. In multi-residential apartments, townhomes, and condominiums.
7. In new commercial buildings that will have power micro mobility devices,
the fire sprinkler system shall be designed to Ordinary Hazard II.
8. Energy Storage Systems in nonresidential buildings shall comply with one
of the following:
a. ESS units with a maximum stored energy capacity of 50 kWh, as
described in Section 1207.5.1 shall be designed with a minimum
density of 0.40 gpm/ft2 (1.14 L/min) based over the area of the room
or 2,500 square-foot design area, whichever is smaller.
b. ESS units (groups) exceeding 50 kWh shall use a density based on large-
scale fire testing complying with Section 1207.1.7.
16.04.280 Section 903.3.1.2 NFPA 13R sprinkler systems.
Section 903.3.1.2 of Chapter 9 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
903.3.1.2 NFPA 13R sprinkler systems. Where allowed in buildings of Group R
Occupancies, automatic sprinkler systems shall be installed throughout in
accordance with NFPA 13 and State and local standards.
16.04.290 Section 903.3.1.3 NFPA 13D sprinkler systems.
Section 903.3.1.3 of Chapter 9 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
903.3.1.3 NFPA 13D sprinkler systems. Where allowed, automatic sprinkler
systems installed in one-and two-family detached dwellings shall be installed
throughout in accordance with NFPA 13D and State and local standards. Fire
sprinkler protection is required under rear covered patios extending 4 feet
perpendicular from the exterior of the structure.
16.04.300 Section 903.3.1.3.1 Increase in fire sprinkler design criteria.
Section 903.3.1.3.1 of Chapter 9 of the California Building Code is added to read:
903.3.1.3.2 Increase in fire sprinkler design criteria. Structures determined by
the fire code official to have higher firefighting hazardous conditions or located
in the Wildland- Urban Interface Fire Area shall have an increase in fire sprinkler
design criteria as determined by the fire code official.
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16.04.310 Section 903.4.4 Floor control valves.
Section 903.4.4 of Chapter 9 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
903.4.4 Floor control valves. Automatic sprinkler systems serving buildings two
(2) or more stories in height shall have valves installed so as to control the system
independently on each floor including basements.
16.04.320 Section 905.3.1 Height.
Section 905.3.1 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
905.3.1 Height. A Class I standpipe system shall be installed in buildings where
the roof edge/parapet is greater than 27 feet above the lowest level of fire
apparatus access roadway and in below grade levels.
16.04.330 Section 907.2.11.2.4 Smoke alarms.
Section 907.2.11.2.4 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
907.2.11.2.4 Smoke alarms. Smoke alarms shall be tested and maintained in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Smoke alarms that no longer
function or are 10 years or older from the date of installation shall be replaced.
16.04.340 Section 909.20.7 Smoke control systems schedule.
Section 909.20.7 is added to the California Building Code to read as follows:
909.20.7 Smoke control systems schedule. A routine maintenance and
operational testing program shall be initiated immediately after the smoke
control system has passed the acceptance tests. A written schedule for routine
maintenance and operational testing shall be established and both shall occur at
least annually.
16.04.345 Section 915.6 Maintenance
Section 915.6 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
915.6 Maintenance. Carbon monoxide alarms and carbon monoxide detection
systems shall be maintained in accordance with NFPA 72. Carbon monoxide
alarms and carbon monoxide detectors that become inoperable or begin
producing end-of-life signals or are 10 years or older shall be replaced.
16.04.350 Section 1008.3 Illumination required by an emergency electrical system.
Section 1008.3 of the California Building Code is amended to read as follows:
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1008.3 Illumination required by an emergency electrical system. In the event of
power supply failure, an emergency electrical system shall automatically
illuminate all of the following areas:
1. In rooms or spaces that require two or more exits or access to exits:
1.1 Aisles.
1.2 Corridors.
1.3 Exit access stairways and ramps.
2. In buildings that require two or more exits or access to exits:
2.1 Interior exit access stairways and ramps.
2.2 Interior and exterior exit stairways and ramps.
2.3 Exit passageways.
2.4 Vestibules and areas on the level of discharge used for exit discharge in
accordance with Section 1028.2.
2.5 Exterior landings as required by Section 1010.1.5 for exit doorways that
lead directly to the exit discharge.
2.6 Group I-2 exit discharge stairways, ramps, aisles, walkways and escalators
leading to a public way or to a safe dispersal area in accordance with
Section 1028.5.
3. In other rooms and spaces:
3.1. Electrical equipment rooms.
3.2. Fire command centers.
3.3. Fire pump rooms.
3.4. Generator rooms.
3.5. Public restrooms.
16.04.360 Section 1031.2 Where required.
Section 1031.2 of Chapter 10 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1031.2 Where required. In addition to the means of egress required by this chapter,
emergency escape and rescue openings shall be provided in Group R occupancies.
Basements and sleeping rooms below the fourth story above grade plane shall
have not fewer than one emergency escape and rescue opening in accordance
with this section. Where basements contain one or more sleeping rooms, an
emergency escape and rescue opening shall be required in each sleeping room
but shall not be required in adjoining areas of the basement. Such openings shall
open directly into a public way or to a yard or court that opens to a public way or
to an egress balcony that leads to a public way.
Exceptions:
1. In Group R-1 and R-2 occupancies constructed of Type I, Type IIA,
Type IIIA or Type IV construction equipped throughout with an
approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section
903.3.1.1.
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2. Group R-2.1 occupancies meeting the requirements for delayed
egress in accordance with Section 1010.2.13 may have operable
windows that are breakable in sleeping rooms permanently
restricted to a maximum of 4-inch open position.
3. Emergency escape and rescue openings are not required from
basements or sleeping rooms that have an exit door or exit access
door that opens directly into a public way or to a yard, court or
exterior egress balcony that leads to a public way.
4. Storm shelters and basements used only to house mechanical
equipment not exceeding a total floor area of 200 square feet
(18.58 m2)
16.04.370 Reserved.
16.04.380 Section 1205.3.4 Roof guards at courts.
Section 1205.3.4 of Chapter 12 of the California Building Code is added to read:
1205.3.4 Roof guards at courts. Roof openings into courts where not bounded
on all sides by walls shall be protected with guardrails. The top of the guards shall
not be less than 42 inches in height. Required guards shall not have openings that
allow passage of a sphere twelve inches (12) in diameter from the walking surface
to the required guard height.
Exception: Where the roof opening is greater than 600 square feet in area.
16.04.390 Section 1208.6 Dwelling unit and congregate residence superficial floor
area.
Section 1208.6 of Chapter 12 of the California Building Code is added to read:
1208.6 Dwelling unit and congregate residence superficial floor area. Every
dwelling unit and congregate residence shall have at least one room which shall
have not less than 120 square feet of superficial floor area. Every room which is
used for both cooking and living or both living and sleeping purposes shall have
not less than 144 square feet of superficial floor area. Every room used for
sleeping purposes shall have not less than 70 square feet of superficial floor area.
When more than two persons occupy a room used for sleeping purposes the
required superficial floor area shall be increased at the rate of 50 square feet for
each occupant in excess of two. Guest rooms with cooking shall contain the
combined required superficial areas of a sleeping and a kitchen, but not less than
144 square feet. Other habitable rooms shall be not less than 70 square feet.
Notwithstanding any provision of this Section, children under the age of six shall
not be counted for purposes of determining whether a family with minor children
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complies with the provisions of this Code.
For the purposes of this section, "superficial floor area" means the net floor area
within the enclosing walls of the room in which the ceiling height is not less than
seven feet six inches, excluding built-in equipment such as wardrobes, cabinets,
kitchen units, or fixtures which are not readily removable.
16.04.400 Section 1503.2.1 Locations.
Section 1503.2.1 of Chapter 15 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1503.2.1 Locations. Flashing shall be installed at wall and roof intersections,
gutters, wherever there is a change in roof slope or direction, and around roof
openings. Where flashing is of metal, the metal shall be corrosion resistant with
a thickness of not less than 0.019 inches (0.483 mm) (e.g. no. 26 galvanized sheet)
and shall be primed and painted.
16.04.410 Section 1612.1.1 Palo Alto Flood Hazard Regulations.
Section 1612.1.1 of Chapter 16 of the California Building Code is added to read:
1612.1.1 Palo Alto Flood Hazard Regulations. Notwithstanding the provisions of
Section 1612.1, all construction or development within a flood hazard area(areas
depicted as a Special Flood Hazard Area on Flood Insurance Rate Maps published
by the Federal Emergency Management Agency) shall comply with the City of
Palo Alto Flood Hazard Regulations (Palo Alto Municipal Code Chapter 16.52).
Where discrepancies exist between the requirements of this code and said
regulations, the more stringent requirements shall apply.
16.04.420 Section 1613.8 Suspended ceilings.
Section 1613.8 of Chapter 16 of the California Building Code is added to read:
1613.8 Suspended ceilings. Minimum design and installation standards for
suspended ceilings shall be determined in accordance with the requirements of
Section 2506.2.1 of this Code and this section.
1613.8.1 Scope. This part contains special requirements for suspended ceilings
and lighting systems. Provisions of Section 13.5.6 of ASCE 7 shall apply except as
modified herein.
1613.8.2 General. The suspended ceilings and lighting systems shall be limited to
6 feet (1828 mm) below the structural deck unless the lateral bracing is designed
by a licensed engineer or architect.
1613.8.3 Sprinkler heads. All sprinkler heads (drops) except fire-resistance-rated
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floor/ceiling or roof/ceiling assemblies, shall be designed to allow for free
movement of the sprinkler pipes with oversize rings, sleeves, or adaptors through
the ceiling tile. Sprinkler heads and other penetrations shall have a 2-inch
(50mm) oversize ring, sleeve, or adapter through the ceiling tile to allow for free
movement of at least 1 inch (25mm) in all horizontal directions. Alternatively, a
swing joint that can accommodate 1 inch (25 mm) of ceiling movement in all
horizontal directions is permitted to be provided at the top of the sprinkler head
extension. Sprinkler heads penetrating fire-resistance-rated floor/ceiling or
roof/ceiling assemblies shall comply with Section 714 of this Code.
1613.8.4 Special requirements for means of egress. Suspended ceiling
assemblies located along means of egress serving an occupant load of 30 or more
and at lobbies accessory to Group A Occupancies shall comply with the following
provisions.
1613.8.4.1 General. Ceiling suspension systems shall be connected and braced
with vertical hangers attached directly to the structural deck along the means of
egress serving an occupant load of 30 or more and at lobbies accessory to Group
A Occupancies. Spacing of vertical hangers shall not exceed 2 feet (610 mm) on
center along the entire length of the suspended ceiling assembly located along
the means of egress or at the lobby.
1613.8.4.2 Assembly device. All lay-in panels shall be secured to the suspension
ceiling assembly with two hold-down clips minimum for each tile within a 4-foot
(1219 mm) radius of the exit lights and exit signs.
1613.8.4.3 Emergency systems. Independent supports and braces shall be
provided for light fixtures required for exit illumination. Power supply for exit
illumination shall comply with the requirements of Section 1008.3 of this Code.
1613.8.4.4 Supports for appendage. Separate support from the structural deck
shall be provided for all appendages such as light fixtures, air diffusers, exit signs,
and similar elements.
16.04.430 Reserved
16.04.440 Section 1705.3 Concrete construction.
Section 1705.3 of Chapter 17 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1705.3 Concrete construction. The special inspections and tests of concrete
construction shall be as required by this section and Table 1705.3.
Exceptions: Special inspections and tests shall not be required for:
1. Isolated spread concrete footings of buildings three stories or less
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above grade plane that are fully supported on earth or rock, where
the structural design of the footing is based on a specified
compressive strength, f’c, no greater than 2,500 pound per square
inch (psi) (17.2 MPa).
2. Continuous concrete footings supporting walls of buildings three
stories or less above grade plane that are fully supported on earth or
rock where:
2.1. The footings support walls of light-frame construction;
2.2. The footings are designed in accordance with Table 1809.7; or
2.3. The structural design of the footing is based on a specified
compressive strength, f ′c, no greater than 2,500 pounds per
square inch (psi) (17.2 MPa), regardless of the compressive
strength specified in the construction documents or used in the
footing construction.
3. Nonstructural concrete slabs supported directly on the ground,
including pre- stressed slabs on grade, where the effective pre-stress
in the concrete is less than 150 psi (1.03 MPa).
4. Concrete foundation walls constructed in accordance with Table
1807.1.6.2.
5. Concrete patios, driveways and sidewalks, on grade.
16.04.450 Section 1803.2 Investigations required.
Section 1803.2 of Chapter 18 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1803.2 Investigations required. Geotechnical investigations shall be conducted in
accordance with Sections 1803.3 through 1803.5
Exceptions:
1. The building official or designee shall be permitted to waive the
requirement for a geotechnical investigation where satisfactory data
from adjacent areas is available that demonstrates an investigation is
not necessary for any of the conditions in Sections 1803.5.1 through
1803.5.6 and Sections 1803.5.10 and 1803.5.11.
2. Light-frame construction building utilizing the prescriptive continuous
footings per Table 1809.7 amended in section 16.04.470. For addition,
the engineer of record shall certify in writing that the existing
foundation system matches the proposed foundation system.
3. Accessories and minor additions may be exempted by the Building
Official or designee.
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16.04.460 Section 1803.5.11 Seismic design categories C through F.
Section 1803.5.11 of Chapter 18 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
Section 1803.5.11 Seismic design categories C through F. For structures assigned
to Seismic Design Category C, D, E or F, a geotechnical investigation shall be
conducted, and shall include an evaluation of all of the following potential
geologic and seismic hazards:
1. Slope instability.
2. Liquefaction.
3. Total and differential settlement.
4. Surface displacement due to faulting or seismically induced lateral
spreading or lateral flow.
Exception: Refer to section 1803.2 exception.
16.04.470 Section 1809.7 Prescriptive footings for light-frame construction.
Section 1809.7 of Chapter 18 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1809.7 Prescriptive footings for light-frame construction. Where a specific
design is not provided, concrete or masonry-unit footings supporting walls of
light-frame construction shall be permitted to be designed in accordance
with Table 1809.7.
TABLE 1809.7
abcd Prescriptive Footings Supporting Walls of Light-Frame Construction
Number of Floors
Supported by the
Footing e
1 & 2
3
Group U Occupancies
Thickness of
Foundation Wall
(inches)
8
8
8
Width of Footing
(inches)
15
18
12
Thickness of
Footing
(inches)
8
8
8
Depth of
Foundation Below
Natural Surface of
Ground or Finish
Grade (inches)
20
30
12
ADU Conversionsf 8 12 8 12
a. Ground under the floor shall be permitted to be excavated to elevation of footing.
b. Interior stud-bearing walls shall be permitted to be supported by isolated footings.
Footing width and length shall be twice the width shown in this table, and footings
shall be spaced not more than 6 feet on center.
c. See Section 1905 for additional requirements for concrete footings of
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structures assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E or F.
d. All foundations as required in the above Table shall be continuous and have a
minimum of three #4 bars of reinforcing steel, except for one story, detached
accessory buildings of Group U occupancy where two bars are required.
e. Footings shall be permitted to support a roof in addition to the stipulated number of
floors. Footings supporting roof only shall be as required for supporting one floor.
f. If existing detached accessory building is being converted to an Accessory Dwelling
Unit (ADU) and the existing foundation is being utilized, then a designer, architect or
engineer shall provide a letter that the existing foundation complies with the
conditions above and is deemed structurally sound.
16.04.480 Section 1809.8 Plain concrete footings.
Section 1809.8 of Chapter 18 of the California Building Code is deleted.
16.04.490 Section 1901.2 Plain and reinforced concrete.
Section 1901.2 of Chapter 19 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1901.2 Plain and reinforced concrete. Structural concrete shall be designed and
constructed in accordance with the requirements of this chapter and ACI 318 as amended
in section 1905 of this code and PAMC 16.14.240. Except for the provisions of Sections
1904 and 1907, the design and construction of slabs on grade shall not be governed by this
chapter unless they transmit vertical loads or lateral forces from other parts of the
structure to the soil.
16.04.500 Section 1905.6.2 Seismic Design Categories C, D, E and F.
Section 1905.6.2 of Chapter 19 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1905.6.2 Seismic Design Categories C, D, E and F.
Structures assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E or F shall not have elements
of structural plain concrete, except as follows:
1. Left intentionally blank.
2. Isolated footings of plain concrete supporting pedestals or columns
are permitted, provided the projection of the footing beyond the
face of the supported member does not exceed the footing
thickness.
3. Plain concrete footings supporting walls are permitted, provided
the footings have at least three continuous longitudinal reinforcing
bars not smaller than No. 4, with a total area of not less than 0.002
times the gross cross-sectional area of the footing except for one
story, detached accessory buildings of Group U occupancy where
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two bars are required. A minimum of one bar shall be provided at
the top and bottom of the footing. Continuity of reinforcement
shall be provided at corners and intersections.
16.04.510 SECTION 1906 FOOTINGS FOR LIGHT-FRAME CONSTRUCTION
Section 1906 of Chapter 19 of the California Building Code is deleted.
16.04.520 Section 1906.1 Plain concrete footings.
Section 1906.1 of Chapter 19 of the California Building Code is deleted.
16.04.530 Section 1907.1 Structural slabs-on-ground.
Section 1907.1 of Chapter 19 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1907.1 Structural slabs-on-ground. Structural concrete slabs-on-ground shall
comply with all applicable provisions of this chapter. Slabs-on-ground shall be
considered structural concrete where required by ACI 318 or where designed to
transmit either of the following:
1. Vertical loads or lateral forces from other parts of the structure to the soil.
2. Vertical loads or lateral forces from other parts of the structure to foundations.
3. Structural slabs-on-ground shall have 6x6-10/10 wire mesh or equal at mid-
height.
16.04.535 Section 1907.2 Nonstructural slabs-on-ground.
Section 1907.2 of Chapter 19 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
1907.2 Nonstructural slabs-on-ground. Nonstructural slabs-on-ground shall be
required to comply with Sections 1904.2, 1907.3 and 1907.4. Portions of the
nonstructural slabs-on-ground used to resist uplift forces or overturning shall be
designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice throughout the
entire portion designated as dead load to resist uplift forces or overturning.
Nonstructural slabs-on-ground shall have 6x6-10/10 wire mesh or equal at mid-
height.
16.04.540 Reserved
16.04.550 Reserved
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16.04.560 Section 2308.10.4 Braced wall panel construction.
Section 2308.10.4 of Chapter 23 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
2308.10.4 Braced wall panel construction . For Methods DWB, WSP, SFB, PBS,
PCP and HPS, each panel must be not less than 48 inches (1219 mm) in length,
covering three stud spaces where studs are spaced 16 inches (406 mm) on center
and covering two stud spaces where studs are spaces 24 inches (610 mm) on
center. Braced wall panels less than 48 inches (1219 mm) in length shall not
contribute toward the amount of required bracing. Braced wall panels that are
longer than the required length shall be credited for their actual length.
Vertical joints of panel sheathing shall occur over studs and adjacent panel joints
shall be nailed to common framing members. Horizontal joints shall occur over
blocking or other framing equal in size to the studs except where waived by the
installation requirements for the specific sheathing materials. Sole plates shall be
nailed to the floor framing in accordance with Section 2308.10.7 and top plates
shall be connected to the framing above in accordance with Section 2308.10.7.2.
Where joists are perpendicular to braced wall lines above, blocking shall be
provided under and in line with the braced wall panels.
16.04.570 Section 2308.10.5 Alternative bracing.
Section 2308.10.5 of Chapter 23 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
2308.10.5 Alternative bracing. An alternate braced wall (ABW) or a portal frame with
hold-downs (PFH) described in this section is permitted to substitute for a 48-inch (1219 mm)
braced wall panel of Method DWB, WSP, SFB, PCP or HPS.
16.04.580 TABLE 2308.10.1 WALL BRACING REQUIREMENTS.
Footnote “b” of TABLE 2308.10.1 of Chapter 23 of the California Building Code is amended
to read:
b. See section 2308.10.3 for full description of bracing methods. Method GB is
prohibited in Seismic Design Categories D & E.
16.04.590 TABLE 2308.10.3(1) BRACING METHODS.
TABLE 2308.10.3(1) Bracing Methods of Chapter 23 of the California Building Code is
amended by adding footnote “b” and footnote “b” superscript to METHODS, MATERIAL
column title as follows:
TABLE 2308.10.3(1) BRACING METHODS
METHODS,
MATERIAL b
MINIMUM
THICKNESS FIGURE
a CONNECTION CRITERIA
Fasteners Spacing
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b. Method GB is prohibited in Seismic Design Categories D & E.
16.04.600 Section 2308.10.9 Attachment of sheathing.
Section 2308.10.9 of Chapter 23 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
2308.10.9 Attachment of sheathing. Fastening of braced wall panel sheathing
shall not be less than that prescribed in Table 2308.10.1 or 2304.10.2. Wall
sheathing shall not be attached to framing members by adhesives. Staple
fasteners in Table 2304.10.2 shall not be used to resist or transfer seismic forces
in structures assigned to Seismic Design Category D, E, or F unless the allowable
shear values are substantiated by cyclic testing and approved by the Building
Official or designee.
All braced wall panels shall extend to the roof sheathing and shall be attached to
parallel roof rafters or blocking above with framing clips (18 gauge minimum)
spaced at maximum 24 inches on center with four 8d nails per leg (total eight-
8d nails per clip). Braced wall panels shall be laterally braced at each top corner
and at maximum 24-inch intervals along the top plate of discontinuous vertical
framing.
16.04.610 SECTION 2505 SHEAR WALL CONSTRUCTION.
Section 2505 Chapter 25 of the California Building Code is deleted in its entirety including
its subsections.
16.04.620 Reserved
16.04.630 Chapter 31B Public Pools.
Chapter 31B of the California Building Code has been adopted in its entirety.
16.04.640 Section 3304.1 Excavation and fill.
Section 3304.1 of Chapter 33 of the California Building Code is amended to read:
3304.1 Excavation and fill. Excavation and fill for buildings and structures shall
be constructed or protected so as not to endanger life or property. Stumps and
roots shall be removed from the soil to a depth of not less than 12 inches
(305mm) below the surface of the ground in the area to be occupied by the
building. Wood forms that have been used in placing concrete, if within the
ground or between foundation sills and the ground, shall be removed before a
building is occupied or used for any purpose. Wooden stakes shall not be
embedded in concrete. Before completion, loose or casual wood shall be
removed from direct contact with the ground under the building.
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SECTION 2. Chapter 16.19, California Historical Building Code and Existing Building
Code, of Title 16 (Building Regulations) of the Palo Alto Municipal Code is repealed in its
entirety and readopted to read as follows:
CHAPTER 16.19
CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL BUILDING CODE,
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24, PART 8
and
CALIFORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE,
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24, PART 10
Sections
16.19.010 2025 California Historical Building Code, Title 24, Part 8 adopted.
16.19.020 2025 California Existing Building Code, Title 24, Part 10 adopted and
amended.
16.19.030 Cross - References to California Existing Building Code.
16.19.040 Local Amendments.
16.19.050 101.2.1 Appendices.
16.19.060 Administration & Enforcement of 2025 California Existing Building Code
16.19.070 Adoption of 2025 California Existing Building Code Chapter 1 ,
Division II – Scope and Administration
16.19.080 Section 101.1 Title.
16.19.090 Section 324 Dwelling unit and congregate residence superficial floor area.
16.19.100 Section 503.21 Suspended ceiling systems.
16.19.110 Section 503.22 Mechanical and electrical equipment in seismic design
categories D, E or F.
16.19.120 Section 405.2.3.1 Seismic evaluation and design procedures for repairs.
16.19.010 2025 California Historical Building Code, Title 24, Part 8 adopted.
The California Historical Building Code, 2025 Edition, Title 24, Part 8 (authorized by
Health and Safety Code Sections 18950 through 18961), which provides alternative
building regulations for the rehabilitation, preservation, restoration, or relocation of
designated historic buildings, is adopted and hereby incorporated in this Chapter by
reference and made a part hereof the same as if fully set forth herein.
One copy of the California Historical Building Code, 2025 Edition, has been filed for use
and examination of the public in the Office of the Chief Building Official of the City of
Palo Alto.
16.19.020 2025 California Existing Building Code, Title 24, Part 10 adopted and amended.
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The California Existing Building Code, 2025 Edition, Title 24, Part 10 of the California Code
of Regulations, which provides alternative building regulations for the rehabilitation,
preservation restoration or relocation of existing buildings, together with those
omissions, amendments, exceptions, and additions thereto, is adopted and hereby
incorporated in this Chapter by reference and made a part hereof the same as if fully set
forth herein.
One copy of the California Existing Building Code, 2025 Edition, has been filed for use
and examination of the public in the Office of the Chief Building Official of the City of
Palo Alto.
16.19.030 Cross - References to California Existing Building Code.
The provisions of this Chapter contain cross-references to the provisions of the California
Existing Building Code, 2025 Edition, in order to facilitate reference and comparison to
those provisions.
16.19.040 Local Amendments.
The provisions of this Chapter shall constitute local amendments to the cross-referenced
provisions of the California Existing Building Code, 2025 Edition, and shall be deemed to
replace the cross- referenced sections of said Code with the respective provisions set
forth in this Chapter.
16.19.050 101.2.1 Appendices.
Section 101.2.1 of Chapter 1 of the California Existing Building Code is amended to read:
2025 California Existing Building Code and International Existing Building Code
Appendix Chapters Adopted.
The following Appendix Chapters of the California Existing Building Code (CEBC),
2025 Edition, and International Existing Building Code (IEBC), 2024 Edition, are
adopted and hereby incorporated in this Chapter be reference and made a part
hereof the same as if fully set forth herein:
A. CEBC Appendix A1 – Seismic Strengthening Provisions for
Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Wall Buildings
B. CEBC Appendix Chapter A2 – Earthquake Hazard Reduction in Existing
Reinforced Concrete and Reinforced Masonry Wall Buildings with
Flexible Diaphragms
C. CEBC Appendix A3 – Prescriptive Provisions for Seismic Strengthening
of Cripple Walls and Sill Plate Anchorage of Light, Wood-Frame
Residential Buildings
D. CEBC Appendix A4 – Earthquake Risk Reduction in Wood-Frame
Residential Buildings with Soft, Weak or Open Front Walls
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E. CEBC Appendix A5 – Referenced Standards
16.19.060 Administration & Enforcement of 2025 California Existing Building Code
Administration and enforcement of this code shall be governed by Chapter 1, Division
II of the 2025 California Building Code as amended by Palo Alto Municipal Code
Chapter 16.04.
16.19.070 Adoption of 2025 California Existing Building Code Chapter 1 , Division
II – Scope and Administration
Chapter 1, Division II, Parts 1 and 2 of the 2025 California Existing Building Code is
adopted by the City of Palo Alto to supplement, to the extent it does not conflict with,
Chapter 1, Division II of the 2025 California Building Code, as amended.
16.19.080 Section 101.1 Title.
Section 101.1 of Chapter 1 of the California Existing Building Code is amended to read:
101.1 Title. These regulations shall be known as the Existing Building Code of City
of Palo Alto, hereinafter referred to as “this code.”
16.19.090 Section 324 Dwelling unit and congregate residence superficial floor area.
Section 324 of Chapter 3 of the California Existing Building Code is added to read:
324 Dwelling unit and congregate residence superficial floor area. Every
dwelling unit and congregate residence shall have at least one room which shall
have not less than 120 square feet of superficial floor area. Every room which is
used for both cooking and living or both living and sleeping purposes shall have
not less than 144 square feet of superficial floor area. Every room used for
sleeping purposes shall have not less than 70 square feet of superficial floor area.
When more than two persons occupy a room used for sleeping purposes the
required superficial floor area shall be increased at the rate of 50 square feet for
each occupant in excess of two. Guest rooms with cooking shall contain the
combined required superficial areas of a
sleeping and a kitchen, but not less than 144 square feet. Other habitable rooms
shall be not less than 70 square feet.
Notwithstanding any provision of this Section, children under the age of six shall
not be counted for purposes of determining whether a family with minor children
complies with the provisions of this Code.
For the purposes of this section, "superficial floor area" means the net floor area
within the enclosing walls of the room in which the ceiling height is not less than
seven feet six inches, excluding built-in equipment such as wardrobes, cabinets,
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kitchen units, or fixtures which are not readily removable.
16.19.100 Section 503.21 Suspended ceiling systems.
Section 503.21 of Chapter 5 the California Existing Building Code is added to read:
503.21 Suspended ceiling systems. In existing buildings or structures, when a
permit is issued for alterations or repairs, the existing suspended ceiling system
within the area of the alterations or repairs shall comply with ASCE 7-22 Section
13.5.6.
16.19.110 Section 503.22 Mechanical and electrical equipment in seismic design
categories D, E or F.
Section 503.22 of Chapter 5 of the California Existing Building Code is added to read:
503.22 Mechanical and electrical equipment in seismic design categories D, E
or F. In existing buildings or structures, when a permit is issued for alteration or
repairs, the existing mechanical and electrical equipment on the area of the roof
shall comply with ASCE 7-22 Section 13.4 Nonstructural Component Anchorage.
16.19.120 Section 405.2.3.1 Seismic evaluation and design procedures for repairs.
Section 405.2.3.1 of Chapter 5 of the California Existing Building Code is amended to read:
405.2.3.1 Evaluation and design procedures. The building shall be evaluated by
a registered design professional, and the evaluation findings shall be submitted
to the code official. The evaluation shall establish whether the damaged building,
if repaired to its pre-damage state, would comply with the provisions of the
California Building Code for load combinations that include wind or earthquake
effects, except that the seismic forces shall be reduced seismic forces. Evaluation
for earthquake loads shall be required if the substantial structural damage was
caused by or related to earthquake effects or if the building is in Seismic Design
Category C, D, E or F. The seismic evaluation and design shall be based on the
procedures specified in the building code, ASCE 41 Seismic Evaluation and
Upgrade of Existing Buildings. The procedures contained in Appendix A of the
International Existing Building Code (IEBC) shall be permitted to be used as
specified in Section 405.2.3.1. Wind loads for this evaluation shall be those
prescribed in Section 1609.
405.2.3.1.1 CEBC level seismic forces. When seismic forces are required to meet
the building code level, they shall be one of the following:
1. One hundred percent of the values in the building code. The R factor
used for analysis in accordance with Chapter 16 of the building code
shall be the R factor specified for structural systems classified as
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"Ordinary" unless it can be demonstrated that the structural system
satisfies the proportioning and detailing requirements for systems
classified as "intermediate" or "special".
2. Forces corresponding to BSE-1 and BSE-2 Earthquake Hazard Levels
defined in ASCE 41. Where ASCE 41 is used, the corresponding
performance levels shall be those shown in Table 405.2.3.1.
3. Forces corresponding to BSE-1 and BSE-2 Earthquake Hazard Levels
defined in ASCE 41. Where ASCE 41 is used, the corresponding
performance levels shall be those shown in Table 405.2.3.1.
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TABLE 405.2.3.1
ASCE 41 PERFORMANCE LEVELS
RISK CATEGORY (BASED PERFORMANCE LEVEL FOR USE WITH
ON CBC TABLE 1604.5) ASCE 41 BSE-1 EARTHQUAKE HAZARD
LEVEL
I Life Safety (LS)
II Life Safety (LS)
III Damage Control
PERFORMANCE LEVEL FOR USE
WITH ASCE 41 BSE-2
EARTHQUAKE HAZARD LEVEL *
Collapse Prevention (CP)
Collapse Prevention (CP)
Limited Safety
IV Immediate Occupancy (IO) Life Safety (LS)
* Only applicable when Tier 3 procedure is used.
405.2.3.1.2 Reduced CEBC level seismic forces. When seismic forces are
permitted to meet reduced building code levels, they shall be one of the
following:
1. Seventy-five percent of the forces prescribed in the building code. The
R factor used for analysis in accordance with Chapter 16 of the
building code shall be the R factor as specified in Section 405.2.3.1.1.
2. In accordance with the California Existing Building Code and
applicable chapters in Appendix A of the International Existing
Building Code, as specified in Items (a.) through (e.) below. Structures
or portions of structures that comply with the requirements of the
applicable chapter in Appendix A shall be deemed to comply with the
requirements for reduced building code force levels.
a. The seismic evaluation and design of unreinforced masonry
bearing wall buildings in Risk Category I or II are permitted to be
based on the procedures specified in CEBC Appendix ChapterA1.
b. Seismic evaluation and design of the wall anchorage system in
reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry wall buildings with
flexible diaphragms in Risk Category I or II are permitted to be
based on the procedures specified in IEBC Appendix Chapter A2.
c. Seismic evaluation and design of cripple walls and sill plate
anchorage in residential buildings of light-frame wood
construction in Risk Category I or II are permitted to be based on
the procedures specified in CEBC Appendix Chapter A3
d. Seismic evaluation and design of soft, weak, or open-front wall
conditions in multi-unit residential buildings of wood construction
in Risk Category I or II are permitted to be based on the
procedures specified in CEBC Appendix Chapter A4.
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e. Seismic evaluation and design of concrete buildings and concrete
with masonry infill buildings in all risk categories are permitted to
be based on the procedures specified in IEBC Appendix Chapter
A5.
Those associated with the BSE-1 Earthquake Hazard Level defined in ASCE 41 and the
performance level as shown in Table 405.2.3.1. Where ASCE 41 is used, the design
spectral response acceleration parameters SXS and SX1 shall not be taken less than
seventy-five percent of the respective design spectral response acceleration parameters
SDS and SD1 defined by the California Building Code and its reference standards.
SECTION 3. The Council adopts the findings for local amendments to the California
Building Code, 2025 Edition, attached hereto as Exhibit “A” and incorporated herein by reference.
SECTION 4. The Council adopts the findings for local amendments to the California
Existing Building Code, 2025 Edition, attached hereto as Exhibit “B” and incorporated herein by
reference.
SECTION 3. If any section, subsection, clause or phrase of this Ordinance is for any
reason held to be invalid, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion or
sections of the Ordinance. The Council hereby declares that it would have adopted the Ordinance
and each section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase thereof irrespective of the fact that any
one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses or phrases be declared invalid.
SECTION 4. The Council finds that to the extent they affect residential units, the
changes or modifications to the California Building Code (Title 24, Part 2) and the California
Existing Building Code (Title 24, Part 10) adopted by this ordinance are substantially equivalent
to changes or modifications that were previously filed by the governing body of the City and were
in effect as of September 30, 2025, and are therefore exempt from the moratorium on new
residential building standards imposed by Assembly Bill 130 (2025).
SECTION 5. The Council finds that this ordinance is exempt from the provisions of the
California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”), pursuant to Section 15061 of the CEQA
Guidelines, because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the amendments
herein adopted will have a significant effect on the environment.
//
//
//
//
//
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____________________________ ____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
SECTION 6. This Ordinance shall be effective on the thirty-first day after the date of
its adoption.
INTRODUCED: OCTOBER 6, 2025
PASSED: OCTOBER 20, 2025
AYES: BURT, LAUING, LU, LYTHCOTT-HAIMS, RECKDAHL, STONE, VEENKER
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST:
____________________________ ____________________________
City Clerk Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM: APPROVED:
City Attorney or Designee City Manager
Director of Planning and
Development Services
Director of Administrative Services
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Exhibit A
FINDINGS FOR LOCAL AMENDMENTS TO CALIFORNIA BUILDING CODE,
TITLE 24, PART 2, VOLUMES 1 AND 2
Section 17958 of the California Health and Safety Code provides that the City may make changes
to the provisions of the California Building Standards Code. Sections 17958.5 and 17958.7 of the
Health and Safety Code require that for each proposed local change to those provisions of the
California Building Standards Code which regulate buildings used for human habitation, the City
Council must make findings supporting its determination that each such local change is
reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions.
Local building regulations having the effect of amending the uniform codes, which were adopted
by the City prior to November 23, 1970, were unaffected by the regulations of Sections 17958,
17958.5 and 17958.7 of the Health and Safety Code. Therefore, amendments to the uniform
codes which were adopted by the City Council prior to November 23, 1970 and have been carried
through from year to year without significant change, need no required findings. Also,
amendments to provisions not regulating buildings used for human habitation do not require
findings.
Code: California Building Code, Title 24, Part 2, Volumes 1 and 2
Chapter(s),
Section(s),
Table(s),
Appendices
Title Added Amended Deleted Justification
(See below
for keys)
Ch. 1, Div. II SCOPE OF ADMINISTRATION A
Part 1 Scope of Application A
Part 2 Administration and Enforcement A
101.1 Title A
101.2.1 Appendices A
101.4 Referenced codes A
101.4.9 Historical Buildings A
101.4.10 Electrical A
101.4.11 Residential Buildings A
101.4.12 Green Building Standards A
101.4.13 International Swimming and Spa Code A
103.1 Creation of enforcement agency A
103.2 Appointment A
103.3 Deputies A
104.2.4.1 Flood hazard area C, G, T
104.3.1 Determination of substantially improved
or substantially damaged existing buildings
and structures in flood hazard zones
C, G, T
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105.2 Work exempt from permit A, G, T
105.3.2 Time limitation of applications A
105.5 Expiration A
105.5.1 Term limits for permits A
106.1 Live load posted G , T
109.6 Refunds A
109.7 Re-Inspection fees A
110.2.1 Preliminary accessibility compliance
inspection
A
110.3.3 Lowest floor elevation A
111.1 Use and occupancy A
111.1.1 Change of occupancy or tenancy A
111.3 Temporary occupancy A
111.5 Posting A
113 Means of Appeals A
114.1 Unlawful acts A
114.5 Criminal enforcement authority A
115.1 Authority A
115.2 Issuance A
115.3 Unlawful continuance A
115.4 Removal of posted stop work order A
115.5 Response required A
115.6 Permit application required A
115.7 Stop work order penalty A
202 Definitions A
502.1 Address identification T
502.1.1 Address illumination T
502.1.2 Address identification size T
903.2 Automatic sprinkler system, where
required
G, T
903.3.1.1 NFPA 13 sprinkler systems G, T
903.3.1.2 NFPA 13R sprinkler systems G, T
903.3.1.3 NFPA 13D sprinkler systems G, T
903.3.1.3.1 Increase in fire sprinkler design criteria G, T
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Docusign Envelope ID: 115F413D-23A8-4D39-9815-3A915CB8F3F2
903.4.4 Floor control valves G, T
905.3.1 Height G, T
907.2.11.2.4 Smoke Alarms -
G, T
909.20.7 Smoke control systems G, T
915.6 Maintenance
T
1008.3 Illumination required by an emergency
electrical system
G, T
1031.2 Where required G, T
1205.3.4 Roof guards at courts G
1208.6 Dwelling unit and congregate residence
superficial floor area
A, G
1503.2.1 Locations C
1612.1.1 Palo Alto Flood Hazard Regulations C, T
1613.8 Suspended ceilings G
1613.8.1 Scope G
1613.8.2 General G
1613.8.3 Sprinkler heads G
1613.8.4 Special requirements for means of egress G
1613.8.4.1 General G
1613.8.4.2 Assembly device G
1613.8.4.3 Emergency systems G
1613.8.4.4 Supports for appendage G
1705.3 Concrete construction G
1803.2 Investigations required G
1803.5.11 Seismic design categories C through F G, T
1809.7 Prescriptive footings for light-frame
construction
G, T
Tbl. 1809.7 Prescriptive footings for light-frame
construction
G, T
1809.8 Plain concrete footings G, T
1901.2 Plain and reinforced concrete G, T
1905.6.2 Seismic Design Categories C, D, E and F G, T
1906 FOOTINGS FOR LIGHT-FRAME
CONSTRUCTION
G, T
1906.1 Plain concrete footings G, T
1907.1 Structural slab-on-ground G, T
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1907.2 Nonstructural slabs-on-ground G, T
2308.10.4 Braced wall panel construction G, T
2308.10.5 Alternative bracing G, T
Tbl.
2308.10.1
Wall Bracing Requirements.
Footnote “b”
G, T
Tbl.
2308.10.3(1
)
Bracing Methods
Footnote “b”
G, T
2308.10.9 Attachment of sheathing G, T
2505 SHEAR WALL CONSTRUCTION G, T
Ch. 31B Public Pools G, T
3304.1 Excavation and fill G, T
Appx. I Patio Covers A, G
Appx. J Grading (Section J109.4 Drainage across
property lines)
G, T
Appx. P Emergency Housing A, C, G, T
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Docusign Envelope ID: 115F413D-23A8-4D39-9815-3A915CB8F3F2
Exhibit B
FINDINGS FOR LOCAL AMENDMENTS TO CALIORNIA EXISTING BUILDING CODE,
Title 24, Part 10
Section 17958 of the California Health and Safety Code provides that the City may make changes
to the provisions of the California Building Standards Code. Sections 17958.5 and 17958.7 of the
Health and Safety Code require that for each proposed local change to those provisions of the
California Building Standards Code which regulate buildings used for human habitation, the City
Council must make findings supporting its determination that each such local change is
reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions.
Local building regulations having the effect of amending the uniform codes, which were adopted
by the City prior to November 23, 1970, were unaffected by the regulations of Sections 17958,
17958.5 and 17958.7 of the Health and Safety Code. Therefore, amendments to the uniform
codes which were adopted by the City Council prior to November 23, 1970 and have been carried
through from year to year without significant change, need no required findings. Also,
amendments to provisions not regulating buildings used for human habitation do not require
findings.
Code: California Existing Building Code, Title, 24, Part 10
Chapter(s),
Section(s),
Table(s),
Appendices
Title Added Amended Replaced Justification
(See below
for keys)
101.2.1 Appendices A, G, T
Ch. 1, Div. II Scope and Administration A
101.1 Title A
324 Dwelling unit and congregate A, G
residence superficial floor
area.
503.21 Suspended ceiling system G
503.22 Mechanical and G
electrical equipment in
seismic design
categories D, E or F
405.2.3.1 405.2.3.1 Seismic evaluation G
and
design procedures for repairs
405.2.3.1.1 CEBC level seismic forces G
Tbl.
405.2.3.1
ASCE 41 PERFORMANCE LEVELS G
405.2.3.1.2 Reduced CEBC level seismic
forces
G
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Docusign Envelope ID: 115F413D-23A8-4D39-9815-3A915CB8F3F2
Appx. A1
Appx. A2
Appx. A3
Appx. A4
Seismic Strengthening
Provisions
for Unreinforced Masonry
Bearing Wall
Buildings
Earthquake Hazard Reduction
in Existing Reinforced Concrete
and Reinforced Masonry Wall
Buildings with Flexible
Diaphragms
Prescriptive Provisions for
Seismic Strengthening of
Cripple Walls and Sill Plate
Anchorage of Light, Wood-
Frame Residential Buildings
Earthquake Risk Reduction in
Wood- Frame Residential
Buildings with Soft, Weak or
Open Front Walls
G, T
G, T
G, T
G, T
Appx. A5 Referenced Standards G, T
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Docusign Envelope ID: 115F413D-23A8-4D39-9815-3A915CB8F3F2
Key to Justification for Amendments to Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations
A This is an administrative amendment to clarify and establish civil and administrative
procedures, regulations, or rules to enforce and administer the activities by the Palo Alto
Building Inspection Department. These administrative amendments do not need to meet HSC
18941.5/17958/13869 per HSC 18909(c).
C This amendment is justified based on a local climatic condition. The seasonal climatic
conditions during the late summer and fall create severe fire hazards to the public health and
welfare in the City. The hot, dry weather frequently results in wild land fires on the brush
covered slopes west of Interstate 280. The aforementioned conditions combined with the
geological characteristics of the hills within the City create hazardous conditions for which
departure from California Building Standards Code is required. Natural gas combustion and gas
appliances emit a wide range of air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides
(NOx, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2)), particulate matter (PM), and formaldehyde, which
according to a UCLA Study, have been linked to various acute and chronic health effects, and
additionally exceed levels set by national and California-based ambient air quality standards.
The burning of fossil fuels used in the generation of electric power and heating of buildings
contributes to climate change, which could result in rises in sea level, including in San Francisco
Bay, that could put at risk Palo Alto homes and businesses, public facilities, and Highway 101
(Bayshore Freeway), particularly the mapped Flood Hazard areas of the City. Energy efficiency
is a key component in reducing GHG emissions, and construction of more energy efficient
buildings can help Palo Alto reduce its share of the GHG emissions that contribute to climate
change. All-electric new buildings benefit the health, safety, and welfare, of Palo Alto and its
residents. Requiring all-electric construction, without gas infrastructure will reduce the amount
of greenhouse gas produced in Palo Alto and will contribute to reducing the impact of climate
change and the associated risks. Due to decrease in annual rain fall, Palo Alto experiences the
effect of drought and water saving more than some other communities in California. Embodied
carbon of concrete is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change,
and this amendment includes a requirement to use low-carbon concrete.
G This amendment is justified based on a local geological condition. The City of Palo Alto is
subject to earthquake hazard caused by its proximity to San Andreas fault. This fault runs from
Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake,
then on up the San Francisco Peninsula, then offshore at Daly City near Mussel Rock. This is the
approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The other fault is
Hayward Fault. This fault is about 74 mi long, situated mainly along the western base of the hills
on the east side of San Francisco Bay. Both faults are considered major Northern California
earthquake faults which may experience rupture at any time. Thus, because the City is within a
seismic area which includes these earthquake faults, the modifications and changes cited herein
are designed to better limit property damage as a result of seismic activity and to establish
criteria for repair of damaged properties following a local emergency.
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T The City of Palo Alto topography includes hillsides with narrow and winding access, which
makes timely response by fire suppression and emergency response vehicles difficult. Palo Alto
is contiguous with the San Francisco Bay, resulting in a natural receptor for storm and wastewater
run-off. Also, the City of Palo Alto is located in an area that is potentially susceptible to
liquefaction during a major earthquake. The surface condition consists mostly of stiff to dense
sandy clay, which is highly plastic and expansive in nature. The aforementioned conditions within
the City create hazardous conditions for which departure from California Building Standards Code
is warranted.
48
0290186_20250923_ms29
Docusign Envelope ID: 115F413D-23A8-4D39-9815-3A915CB8F3F2
Certificate Of Completion
Envelope Id: 115F413D-23A8-4D39-9815-3A915CB8F3F2 Status: Completed
Subject: ORD 5674 - Adopting New PAMC Chapters 16.04, CA Building Code and 16.19, Historical Building Code
Source Envelope:
Document Pages: 48 Signatures: 6 Envelope Originator:
Certificate Pages: 2 Initials: 0 Christine Prior
AutoNav: Enabled
EnvelopeId Stamping: Enabled
Time Zone: (UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)
250 Hamilton Ave
Palo Alto , CA 94301
Christine.Prior@PaloAlto.gov
IP Address: 165.225.242.110
Record Tracking
Status: Original
11/3/2025 2:46:57 PM
Holder: Christine Prior
Christine.Prior@PaloAlto.gov
Location: DocuSign
Security Appliance Status: Connected Pool: StateLocal
Storage Appliance Status: Connected Pool: City of Palo Alto Location: Docusign
Signer Events Signature Timestamp
Madeleine Salah
Madeleine.Salah@paloalto.gov
Deputy City Attorney
City of Palo Alto
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(None)
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Signed: 11/3/2025 4:20:15 PM
Electronic Record and Signature Disclosure:
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Lauren Lai
Lauren.Lai@paloalto.gov
Director Administrative Services/CFO
COPA
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(None)
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Using IP Address: 199.33.32.254
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Electronic Record and Signature Disclosure:
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Jonathan Lait
Jonathan.Lait@paloalto.gov
Director, Planning and Development Services
City of Palo Alto
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Using IP Address: 165.225.242.87
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Ed Shikada
Ed.Shikada@paloalto.gov
Ed Shikada
City of Palo Alto
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Using IP Address: 174.202.6.18
Signed using mobile
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Ed Lauing
Ed.Lauing@paloalto.gov
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2601:647:6880:a6f0:893d:2918:11e9:66d4
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Mahealani Ah Yun
Mahealani.AhYun@paloalto.gov
City Clerk
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Using IP Address: 216.9.110.1
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Editor Delivery Events Status Timestamp
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Witness Events Signature Timestamp
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Envelope Summary Events Status Timestamps
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