HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 2406-3125CITY OF PALO ALTO
CITY COUNCIL
Special Meeting
Monday, June 17, 2024
Council Chambers & Hybrid
4:00 PM
Agenda Item
23.SECOND READING: Ordinance Amending Chapter 16.14 (California Green Building
Standards, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 11) of the Palo Alto Municipal
Code to Adopt the 2022 Green Building Standards Code, Along With Local Modifications
Related to Electrical Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Requirements and Building
Electrification Requirements and an Ordinance Amending Chapter 16.17 (California
Energy Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6) of the Palo Alto Municipal
Code to Adopt the 2022 California Energy Code, Along with Local Modifications to
Increase Energy Efficiency Standards for Buildings, Mandate Electric-Ready
Requirements and Incentivize All-Electric New Construction. CEQA Status: Exempt under
CEQA Guidelines Sections 15308 and 15061(b)(3) (FIRST READING: June 3, 2024 PASSED
6-1, Tanaka no and 7-0)
City Council
Staff Report
Report Type: CONSENT CALENDAR
Lead Department: City Clerk
Meeting Date: June 17, 2024
Report #:2406-3125
TITLE
SECOND READING: Ordinance Amending Chapter 16.14 (California Green Building Standards,
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 11) of the Palo Alto Municipal Code to Adopt the
2022 Green Building Standards Code, Along With Local Modifications Related to Electrical
Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Requirements and Building Electrification Requirements and an
Ordinance Amending Chapter 16.17 (California Energy Code, California Code of Regulations,
Title 24, Part 6) of the Palo Alto Municipal Code to Adopt the 2022 California Energy Code,
Along with Local Modifications to Increase Energy Efficiency Standards for Buildings, Mandate
Electric-Ready Requirements and Incentivize All-Electric New Construction. CEQA Status:
Exempt under CEQA Guidelines Sections 15308 and 15061(b)(3) (FIRST READING: June 3, 2024
PASSED 6-1, Tanaka no and 7-0)
BACKGROUND
This was heard by the City Council on May 13, 2024 for a first reading. An ordinance amending
Chapter 16.14 was approved 6-1, Tanaka no and an ordinance amending Chapter 16.17 was
approved 7-0. No changes were made to the ordinances; it is now before you for a second
reading.
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A - Ordinance Amending Ch 16.14
Attachment B - Ordinance Amending Ch 16.17
APPROVED BY:
Mahealani Ah Yun, City Clerk
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
0280100_KB2_20240523_CA
Ordinance No. XXXX
Ordinance of the Council of the City of Palo Alto Amending Chapter 16.14
(California Green Building Standards, California Code of Regulations, Title 24,
Part 11) of the Palo Alto Municipal Code to Adopt the 2022 Green Building
Standards Code, Along With Local Amendments Thereto, Related to Electrical
Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Requirements and Building Electrification
Requirements
The Council of the City of Palo Alto does ORDAIN as follows:
SECTION 1. Findings and Declarations.
(a) The City of Palo Alto adopted a Sustainability and Climate Action Plan, or S/CAP, to meet
the City's stated goal of "80 x 30": reducing greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990
levels by 2030.
(b) The S/CAP outlines goals and key actions in eight areas, one of which is energy and more
specifically, energy efficiency and electrification. The goals for the energy area of the
S/CAP are to reduce GHG emissions from the direct use of natural gas in Palo Alto’s
building sector by at least 60% below 1990 levels (116,400 MT CO2e reduction) and to
modernize the electric grid to support increased electric demand to accommodate state‐
of‐the‐art technology.
(c) One key action the City is taking to accomplish those goals is use codes and ordinances ‐
such as the energy reach code, green building ordinance, zoning code, or other mandates
‐ to facilitate electrification in both existing buildings and new construction projects
where feasible.
(d) The purpose of this ordinance is to formally adopt California Code of Regulations, Title 24,
Part 11, 2022 California Green Building Standards Code, with local amendments in
furtherance of the City of Palo Alto’s S/CAP goals.
(e) California Health and Safety Code sections 17958.5 and 17958.7 requires that the City, in
order to make changes or modifications in the requirements contained in the California
Green Building Standards on the basis of local conditions, make express finding that such
modifications or changes are reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological
or topographical conditions.
(f) The required findings are attached to this ordinance as Exhibit A.
SECTION 2. Chapter 16.14 (California Green Building Standards, California Code of Regulations,
Title 24, Part 11) of the Palo Alto Municipal Code is hereby amended by repealing in its entirety
existing 16.14 and adopting a new Chapter 16.14 to read as follows:
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
0280100_KB2_20240523_CA
CHAPTER 16.14
CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARDS CODE,
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24, PART 11
Sections
Part 1 – General
16.14.010 2022 California Green Building Standards Code, Title 24, Part 11 adopted and
amended.
16.14.020 Cross ‐ References to California Green Building Standards Code.
16.14.030 Local Amendments.
Part 2 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 1 – ADMINISTRATION
16.14.040 Administration & Enforcement of 2022 California Green Building Standards Code.
16.14.050 Adoption of Chapter 1 Administration.
16.14.060 Section 101.4 Appendices.
Part 3 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 2 – DEFINITIONS
16.14.070 Section 202 Definitions.
Part 4 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 3 – GREEN BUILDING
16.14.080 Section 301 – Voluntary Tiers Added.
Part 5 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 4 – RESIDENTIAL MANDATORY
MEASURES
16.14.090 Section 4.106.5 Full Electrification
16.14.100 Section 4.306 Swimming Pool and Spa Covers.
16.14.110 Reserved
Part 6 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 7 – INSTALLER AND SPECIAL
INSPECTOR QUALIFICATIONS
16.14.120 Section 702.2 Special Inspection.
Part 7– Local Modifications to APPENDIX A4 – RESIDENTIAL VOLUNTARY
MEASURES
16.14.130 Residential Projects. Appendix A4 Preface: Green Building Measures for Project
Type and Scope.
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
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16.14.140 Section A4.104 Site Preservation.
16.14.150 Section A4.105 Deconstruction and Reuse of Existing Materials.
16.14.160 Section A4.106.8 Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging for New Construction.
16.14.170 Section A4.106.9 Bicycle Parking.
16.14.180 Section A4.106.10 Light Pollution Reduction.
16.14.190 Section A4.203.1 Performance Approach for Newly Constructed Buildings.
16.14.200 Section A4.304.3 Irrigation Metering Device.
16.14.210 Section A4.305 Water Reuse Systems.
16.14.220 A4.305.4 Additions and Alterations.
16.14.230 Section A4.403.1 Frost Protection Foundation Systems.
16.14.240 Section A4.403.2 Reduction in Cement Use.
16.14.250 Section A4.408.1 Enhanced Construction Waste Reduction.
16.14.260 Section A4.504.1 Compliance with formaldehyde limits.
16.14.270 Section A4.504.3 Thermal Insulation.
Part 8 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 5 – NONRESIDENTIAL MANDATORY
MEASURES
16.14.280 Nonresidential Projects: Chapter 5 Preface Green Building
Project Type and Scope.
Requirements for
16.14.290 Section 5.106.1.1 Local Storm Water Pollution Prevention.
16.14.295 Section 5.106.8 Light Pollution Reduction.
16.14.300 Section 5.106 Full Electrification.
16.14.310 Reserved
16.14.320 Reserved
16.14.330 Section 5.304.2 Invasive Species Prohibited.
16.14.340 Section 5.306 Nonresidential Enhanced Water Budget.
16.14.350 Section 5.307 Cooling Tower Water Use.
16.14.360 Section 5.410.4.6 Energy STAR Portfolio Manager.
16.14.370 Section 5.410.4.7 Performance Reviews – Energy.
16.14.380 Section 5.410.4.8 Performance Reviews – Water.
16.14.390 Section 5.506 Indoor Air Quality.
Part 9 – Local Modifications to APPENDIX A5 – NONRESIDENTIAL VOLUNTARY
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
0280100_KB2_20240523_CA
MEASURES
16.14.400 Section A5.106.5.3 Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging for New Construction.
16.14.410 Section A5.203.1 Performance Approach for Newly Constructed Buildings.
16.14.420 Section A5.405.5 Cement and Concrete.
16.14.430 Section A5.408 Construction Waste Reduction, Disposal and Recycling.
Part 1 – General
16.14.010 2022 California Green Building Standards Code, Title 24, Part 11 adopted and
amended.
The California Green Building Standards Code, 2022 Edition, Title 24, Part 11 of the California Code
of Regulations, together with those omissions, amendments, exceptions and additions thereto, is
adopted and hereby incorporated in this Chapter by reference and made a part hereof the same as
if fully set forth herein.
Unless superseded and expressly repealed, references in City of Palo Alto forms, documents and
regulations to the chapters and sections of the former California Code of Regulations, Title 24, shall
be construed to apply to the corresponding provisions contained within the California Code of
Regulations, Title 24, 2022. Ordinance No. 5570 of the City of Palo Alto and all other ordinances or
parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby suspended and expressly repealed.
Wherever the phrases “California Green Building Standards Code” or “CALGreen” are used in this
code or any ordinance of the City, such phrases shall be deemed and construed to refer and apply
to the California Green Building Standards Code, 2022 Edition, as adopted and amended by this
chapter.
One copy of the California Green Building Standards Code, 2022 Edition, has been filed for use and
examination of the public in the Office of the Chief Building Official of the City of Palo Alto.
16.14.020 Cross ‐ References to California Green Building Standards Code.
The provisions of this Chapter contain cross‐references to the provisions of the California Green
Building Code, 2022 Edition, in order to facilitate reference and comparison to those provisions.
16.14.030 Local Amendments.
The provisions of this Chapter shall constitute local amendments to the cross‐referenced provisions
of the California Green Building Standards Code, 2022 Edition, and shall be deemed to replace the
cross‐referenced sections of said Code with the respective provisions set forth in this Chapter.
Part 2 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 1 – ADMINISTRATION
16.14.040 Administration & Enforcement of 2022 California Green Building Standards Code.
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
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Administration and enforcement of this code shall be governed by Chapter 1, Division II of the
2022 California Building Code as amended by Palo Alto Municipal Code Chapter 16.04.
16.14.050 Adoption of Chapter 1 Administration.
Chapter 1 Administration of the 2022 California Green Building Code is adopted by the City of
Palo Alto to supplement, to the extent it does not conflict with, Chapter 1, Division II of the 2022
California Building Code, as amended.
16.14.060 Section 101.4 Appendices.
The following Appendix Chapters of the California Green Building Standards Code, 2022 Edition, are
adopted and hereby incorporated in this Chapter by reference and made a part hereof the same as
if fully set forth herein:
A. Appendix A4 ‐ Residential Voluntary Measures (Tier 1 and Tier 2)
B. Appendix A5 ‐ Nonresidential Voluntary Measures (Tier 1 and Tier 2)
Part 3 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 2 – DEFINITIONS
16.14.070 Section 202 Definitions.
Section 202 of Chapter 2 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to include the
following definitions:
ALL‐ELECTRIC BUILDING / SITE. A building or parcel of land whose sole source of energy
is electricity and contains no combustion equipment or plumbing for combustion
equipment.
CPAU. City of Palo Alto Utilities Department.
CALGREEN MANDATORY. Mandatory measures are triggered for projects outlined in
Section 301.1 Scope of this code, as amended.
Projects that only trigger Mandatory measures are not required to fulfill Tier 1 or Tier
2 measures in Appendix A4 and A5.
CALGREEN TIER 1. To achieve Tier 1 status, a project must comply with measures
identified in Appendix A4, Section A4.601.4 for residential projects and Appendix A5,
Section A5.601.2 for nonresidential projects.
Projects subject to Tier 1 must fulfill all mandatory measures, all Tier 1 prerequisite
measures and a defined number of Tier 1 elective measures.
CALGREEN TIER 2. To achieve Tier 2 status, a project must comply with requirements
identified in Appendix A4, Section A4.601.5 for residential projects and Appendix A5,
Section A5.601.3 for nonresidential projects.
Projects subject to Tier 2 must fulfill all mandatory measures, all Tier 2 prerequisite
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
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measures and a defined number of Tier 2 elective measures.
CALGREEN TIER 1 AND TIER 2 PREREQUISITE MEASURES. Projects subject to Tier 1 or Tier
2 must fulfill all prerequisites as described within Appendix A4, Division A4.6 for
residential projects and Appendix A5, Division A5.6 for nonresidential projects.
CALGREEN TIER 1 AND TIER 2 ELECTIVE MEASURES. Projects subject to Tier 1 or Tier 2
must fulfill a defined number of electives as described within Appendix A4, Division A4.6
for residential projects and Appendix A5, Division A5.6 for nonresidential projects.
CALGREEN INSPECTOR is a person certified as a CALGreen Inspector/Plans Examiner
through the International Code Council (ICC), demonstrating knowledge and application
of Green Building concepts during plan review and inspection. For projects that require a
CALGreen Inspector/Plans Examiner verification, the Inspector must be contracted
directly with the owner and may not be a contractor or employee of the design or
construction firm.
CERTIFIED ENERGY ANALYST is a person registered as a Certified Energy Analyst with the
California Association of Building Energy Consultants as of the date of submission of a
Certificate of Compliance as required under section 10‐103 of Building Energy Efficiency
Standards for residential and nonresidential buildings.
MODEL WATER EFFICIENT LANDSCAPE ORDINANCE. The California Department of Water
Resources Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance.
SALVAGE. Salvage means the controlled removal of items and material from a building,
construction, or demolition site for the purpose of on‐ or off‐site reuse, or storage for
later reuse. Examples include air conditioning and heating systems, columns, balustrades,
fountains, gazebos, molding, mantels, pavers, planters, quoins, stair treads, trim, wall
caps, bath tubs, bricks, cabinetry, carpet, doors, ceiling fans, lighting fixtures, electrical
panel boxes, fencing, fireplaces, flooring materials of wood, marble, stone or tile,
furnaces, plate glass, wall mirrors, door knobs, door brackets, door hinges, marble, iron
work, metal balconies, structural steel, plumbing fixtures, refrigerators, rock, roofing
materials, siding materials, sinks, stairs, stone, stoves, toilets, windows, wood fencing,
lumber and plywood.
SUBSTANTIAL REMODEL (or “50‐50‐50” RULE). Any project or projects that affects the
removal or replacement of 50% or more of the linear length of the existing exterior walls
of the building, and/or 50% or more of the linear length of the existing exterior wall plate
height is raised, and/or 50% or more of the existing roof framing area is removed or
replaced, over a 3‐year period.
Any permit(s) applied for will trigger a review of a 3‐year history of the project. This
review will result in determining if a substantial remodel has occurred.
The Chief Building Official or designee shall make the final determination regarding
the application if a conflict occurs.
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
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SQUARE FOOTAGE. For application of green building requirements, “square footage”
refers to all new or altered square footage, including basement areas (7 feet or greater in
height), as calculated based on outer boundary of proposed construction area, including
exterior walls.
Part 4 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 3 – GREEN BUILDING
16.14.080 SECTION 301 ‐ Voluntary Tiers Added.
SECTION 301 of Chapter 3 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to read:
SECTION 301 GENERAL
301.1 Scope. Buildings shall be designed to include the green building measures specified
as mandatory in the application checklists contained in this code and any applicable local
amendments. In addition, the City requires the use of Voluntary Tiers, as provided in
Appendices A4 and A5, for certain residential and nonresidential new construction,
additions, and alterations.
301.1.1 Residential additions and alterations. [HCD] The Mandatory provisions of
Chapter 4 shall be applied to additions and/or alterations of existing residential buildings
where the addition and/or alteration increases the building's conditioned area, volume,
or size. The requirements shall apply only to and/or within the specific area of the addition
or alteration.
Tier 1 adopted (Residential). All residential building additions and/or alterations
exceeding 1000 square feet must meet CALGreen Mandatory plus the Tier 1 measures, as
amended by this Chapter and as applicable to the scope of work.
For Tier 1 projects, the area of alterations will include any construction or renovation
to an existing structure other than repair or addition. Alterations include raising the plate
height, historic restoration, changes or rearrangements of the structural parts or
elements, and changes or rearrangement of bearing walls and full height partitions.
Normal maintenance, reroofing, painting or wall papering, floor finishes,
replacement‐in‐kind of mechanical, plumbing and electrical systems, or replacing or
adding new kitchen counter and similar furniture, plumbing fixture to the building are
excluded for the purposes of establishing scope of Tier 1 projects.
The area of alteration should be limited to the footprint of element(s) being altered.
This does not exclude mandatory CALGreen measures. The sum of the footprint of the
elements being altered with respect to Tier 1, shall be calculated using the following
methodology:
1. Raising the plate height: The calculation with respect to raising of the plate
height will be based on the area of the footprint in which the plate height is
being increased. Plate height means the vertical distance measured from the
top of the finished floor to the top of the plates.
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
0280100_KB2_20240523_CA
2. Historic restoration: The calculation with respect to historic restoration will be
based on the area of work covered in the California Historical Building Code
(Title 24, Part 8).
3. Structural parts or elements: The calculation with respect to changes or
rearrangements of the structural parts or elements will be based on the sum
of the individual footprints of each structural change or rearrangement. The
footprint shall be calculated based on the proposed design and inclusive of any
demolished structural parts or elements.
4. Bearing walls and full height partition: The calculation with respect to changes
or rearrangement of walls and full height partitions will be based on the
footprint of any demolished wall or full height partition and any new wall or
new full height partition.
Exception: Attached and detached Accessory Dwelling Units, ADU conversions of
existing structures shall meet the California Green Building Standards Code
Mandatory measures only.
301.2 Low‐rise and high‐rise residential buildings. [HCD] The provisions of individual
sections of CALGreen may apply to either low‐rise residential buildings, high‐rise
residential buildings, or both. Individual sections will be designated by banners to indicate
where the section applies specifically to low‐rise only (LR) or high‐rise only (HR). When
the section applies to both low‐rise and high‐rise buildings, no banner will be used.
301.2.1 Low‐Rise residential new construction – Tier 2 adopted. All new constructed or
substantial remodel projects must meet CALGreen Mandatory plus Tier 2 measures, as
amended by this ordinance and as applicable to the scope of work.
301.3 Nonresidential additions and alterations. [BSC‐CG] The provisions of individual
sections of Chapter 5 apply to building nonresidential additions of 1,000 square feet or
greater, and/or building alterations with a permit valuation of $200,000 or above (for
occupancies within the authority of California Building Standards Commission). Code
sections relevant to additions and alterations shall only apply to the portions of the
building being added or altered within the scope of the permitted work.
A code section will be designated by a banner to indicate where the code section only
applies to newly constructed buildings [N] or to additions and alterations [A]. When the
code section applies to both, no banner will be used.
Tier 1 adopted. Nonresidential alterations (including tenant improvements or
renovations) of 5,000 square feet that include replacement of at least two of the
following: HVAC system, building envelope, hot water system, or lighting system, must
comply with CALGreen Mandatory plus Tier 1 measures, as amended by this Chapter and
as applicable to the scope of work.
Tier 2 adopted. Nonresidential additions of 1000 square feet or greater must comply
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
0280100_KB2_20240523_CA
with CALGreen Mandatory plus Tier 2 measures, as amended by this Chapter and as
applicable to the scope of work.
301.3.1 ‐ 301.3.2 Unmodified
301.3.3 Nonresidential new construction – Tier 2 adopted. All new nonresidential
construction must meet CALGreen Mandatory plus Tier 2 measures, as amended by this
ordinance and as applicable to the scope of work.
301.6 Special inspector requirements. Residential and nonresidential project owners
subject to CALGreen Mandatory, CALGreen Mandatory plus Tier 1, or CALGreen
Mandatory plus Tier 2 measures shall contract a Special Inspector in accordance with
section 702.2 of CALGreen, as amended.
301.7 Low‐carbon concrete requirements for Tier 1 and Tier 2 projects. Plain and
reinforced concrete installed as part of any project subject to the application of this code
shall demonstrate compliance with the requirements of PAMC 16.14.240.
Part 5 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 4 – RESIDENTIAL MANDATORY MEASURES
Division 4.1 – PLANNING AND DESIGN
16.14.090 Section 4.106.5 Full Electrification
Section 4.106 of Chapter 4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to add
new subsection, 4.106.5 as follows:
4.106.5 Full electrification. Full electrification is recommended for new buildings, substantial
remodels, and new outdoor appliances/equipment such as fireplaces, firepits, heaters for
swimming pool/spa, and similar equipment. Full electrification is required for outdoor grills,
stoves, and barbecues. This subsection does not prohibit freestanding and/or portable grills,
stoves, or barbecues whose sole source of energy is self‐contained fuel canisters.
Division 4.3 – WATER EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION
16.14.100 Section 4.306 Swimming Pool and Spa Covers
Section 4.306 of Chapter 4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is added to read:
4.306 Swimming pool and spa covers. Swimming pools and spas shall be provided with a vapor
retardant cover.
Part 6 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 7 – INSTALLER AND SPECIAL INSPECTOR
QUALIFICATIONS
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
0280100_KB2_20240523_CA
16.14.120 Section 702.2 Special Inspection.
Section 702.2 of Chapter 7 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to read:
702.2 Green building special inspection. When required by the enforcing agency, the
owner or responsible entity acting as the owner’s agent shall employ one or more Green
Building Special Inspectors to provide inspection or other duties necessary to substantiate
compliance with this code. Green Building Special Inspectors shall demonstrate
competence to the satisfaction of the enforcing agency for the particular type of
inspection or task to be performed. In addition to other certifications or qualifications
acceptable to the enforcing agency, the following certifications or education may be
considered by the enforcing agency when evaluating the qualifications of a Special
Inspector. The City shall maintain a list of pre‐approved Special Inspectors in accordance
with this section. The owner shall contract a Special Inspector from the pre‐approved list
meeting one of the following:
1. Certification by a national or regional green building program:
ICC Certified CALGreen Inspector/Plans Examiner
2. Other programs acceptable to the enforcing agency.
Note: Special Inspectors shall be independent entities with no financial interest in the
materials or the project they are inspecting for compliance with this code.
Part 7– Local Modifications to APPENDIX A4 – RESIDENTIAL VOLUNTARY MEASURES
Division A4.1 – PLANNING AND DESIGN
16.14.130 Residential Projects. Appendix A4 Preface: Green Building Measures for Project
Type and Scope.
A preface is added to Chapter A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code to read:
Preface ‐ Green Building Requirements for Project Type and Scope. For design and
construction of residential projects, the City of Palo Alto requires compliance with the
mandatory measures of Chapter 4, in addition to use of Tier 1 and Tier 2 as specified in
Palo Alto Municipal Code Chapter 16.14. See Section 202 for definitions on CALGreen
Mandatory, Tier 1 Prerequisites and Electives, and Tier 2 Prerequisites and Electives. All
elective measures are adopted as written under Appendix A4 unless otherwise indicated
in this Section.
16.14.140 Section A4.104 SITE PRESERVATION.
Section A4.104.1 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is adopted as a
Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure and is amended to read:
A4.104.1 Supervision and education by a special inspector. Individuals with oversight
authority on the project, as defined in section 16.14.120 of this code, who have been
*NOT YET APPROVED*
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trained in areas related to environmentally friendly development, shall teach green
concepts to other members of the builder’s staff and ensure training and written
instruction has been provided to all parties associated with the development of the
project. Prior to the beginning of the construction activities, the builder shall receive a
written guideline and instruction specifying the green goals of the project.
Note: Lack of adequate supervision and dissemination of the project goals can result in
negative effects on green building projects. If the theme of green building is not
carried through the project, the overall benefit can be substantially reduced by the
lack of knowledge and information provided to the various entities involved with
the construction of the project.
16.14.150 Section A4.105 Deconstruction and Reuse of Existing Materials.
Section A4.105 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is not adopted as
an elective measure and is amended to read:
Section A4.105.1 Chapter 5.24 of Title 5 of the Municipal Code. See Chapter 5.24 of the
Municipal Code for the local deconstruction requirements.
Section A4.105.2 is adopted as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure.
A4.105.2 Reuse of materials. Nonhazardous materials which can be easily reused
include but are not limited to the following:
1. Light fixtures
2. Plumbing fixtures
3. Doors and trim
4. Masonry
5. Electrical devices
6. Appliances
7. Foundations or portions of foundations
Note: Reused material must be installed to comply the appropriate Title 24 provisions.
16.14.160 Section A4.106.8 Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging for New Construction.
Sections A4.106.8 – A4.106.8.2.1 of the California Green Building Standards Code are deleted in
its entirety, adopted as mandatory measures and is amended to read:
A4.106.8 Electric vehicle (EV) charging for residential structures. Newly constructed
single‐family and multi‐family residential structures, including residential structures
constructed as part of a mixed‐use development, shall comply with the following
*NOT YET APPROVED*
ATTACHMENT A
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requirements for electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE). All parking space calculations
under this section shall be rounded up to the next full space. The requirements stated in
this section are in addition to those contained in Section 4.106.4 of the California Green
Building Standards Code. In the event of a conflict between this section and Section
4.106.4 of the California Green Building Standards Code, the more robust EV Charging
requirements shall prevail.
A4.106.8.1 New single‐family, duplex and townhouse dwellings. The following standards
apply to newly constructed detached and attached single‐family, duplex and townhouse
residences.
(a) In general. The property owner shall provide One (1) Level 2 electrical vehicle
supply equipment (EVSE) or one (1) EV ready space (Low Power Level 2 EV
Charging Receptacle is acceptable provided that the infrastructure comply with
section 4.106.4.1) for each residence (except for accessory dwelling unit (ADU)).
(b) Location. The proposed location of a charging station may be internal or external
to the dwelling and shall be in close proximity to an on‐site parking space
consistent with city regulations.
A4.106.8.2 New multi‐family dwellings. The following standards apply to newly
constructed residences in a multi‐family residential structure.
(a) Resident parking. The property owner shall provide at least one (1) Level 2
electrical vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) or one (1) Level 2 EV Ready space for
each residential unit in the structure (Low Power Level 2 EV Charging Receptacle
is acceptable for 60% of the total EV parking spaces) .
(b) Guest parking. The property owner shall provide EV Capable Space, EV‐Ready
Space, or EVSE Installed, for at least 25% of guest parking spaces, among which at
least 10% (and no fewer than one) shall be EVSE Installed.
(c) Accessible spaces. Projects shall comply with the 2022 California Building Code
requirements for accessible electric vehicle parking.
(d) Minimum total circuit capacity. The property owner shall ensure sufficient circuit
capacity, as determined by the Chief Building Official or designee, to support the
EV requirements specified in (a) and (b) above.
(e) Location. The EVSE, receptacles, and/or raceway required by this section shall be
placed in locations allowing convenient installation of and access to EVSE. In
addition, if parking is deed‐restricted to individual residential units, the EVSE or
receptacles required by subsection (a) shall be located such that each unit has
access to its own EVSE or receptacle. Location of EVSE or receptacles shall be
consistent with all city regulations.
A4.106.8.3 New hotels and motels. The following standards apply to newly constructed
hotels.
*NOT YET APPROVED*
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(a) In general. The property owner shall provide at least 40% EV Ready Space and at
least 10% Level 2 EVSE installed for of the total parking spaces.
(b) Accessible spaces. Projects shall comply with the 2022 California Building Code
requirements for accessible electric vehicle parking.
(c) Minimum total circuit capacity. The property owner shall ensure sufficient circuit
capacity, as determined by the Chief Building Official or designee, to support a
Level 2 EVSE in every location where EV‐Ready space or EVSE Installed is required.
(d) Location. The EVSE and/or receptacles, required by this section shall be placed in
locations allowing convenient installation of and access to EVSE. Location of EVSE
or receptacles shall be consistent with all City guidelines, rules, and regulations.
16.14.170 Section A4.106.9 Bicycle Parking.
Section A4.106.9 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is not adopted
as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure. Projects must comply with the bicycle parking
requirements in the Palo Alto Municipal Code.
16.14.180 Section A4.106.10 Light Pollution Reduction.
Section A4.106.10 is added and adopted as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure for all covered
projects and is amended to read:
A4.106.10 Light pollution reduction. Outdoor lighting systems shall be designed and
installed to comply with the following:
1. The minimum requirements in the California Energy Code for Lighting Zones 1‐4
as defined in Chapter 10 of the California Administrative Code; and
2. Backlight, Up light and Glare (BUG) ratings as defined in IES TM‐15‐11; and
3. Allowable BUG ratings not exceeding those shown in TABLE 5.106.8 [N]; or
Comply with a local ordinance lawfully enacted pursuant to Section 101.7 of this
code, whichever is more stringent.
Projects may use an approved equal reference standard for light fixtures where BUG
ratings are unavailable.
Exceptions:
1. Luminaires that qualify as exceptions to the California Energy Code.
2. Emergency lighting.
3. One‐ and two‐family dwellings.
Note: The International Dark‐Sky Association (IDA) and the Illuminating Engineering
Society of North America (IESNA) have developed a Model Lighting Ordinance (MLO).
The MLO was designed to help municipalities develop outdoor lighting standards that
reduce glare, light trespass, and skyglow. The model ordinance and user guides for
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the ordinance may be accessed at the International Dark‐Sky Association web site.
Division A4.2 – ENERGY EFFICIENCY
16.14.190 Section A4.203.1 Performance Approach for Newly Constructed Buildings.
Section A4.203.1 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is not adopted
as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure. Projects shall comply with Chapter 16.17 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code (California Energy Code).
Division A4.3 – WATER EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION
16.14.200 Section A4.304.3 Irrigation Metering Device.
Section A4.304.3 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is adopted as a
Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure and is amended to read:
A4.304.3 Irrigation metering device. Dedicated irrigation meters from CPAU are to be
installed in all new construction and rehabilitated landscapes when the landscape is
greater than 1,000 square feet.
16.14.210 Section A4.305 Water Reuse Systems.
Sections A4.305.1, A4.305.2, and A4.305.3 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building
Standards Code are adopted as Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measures and are amended to read:
A4.305.1 Graywater. Alternative plumbing piping is installed to permit the discharge from
the clothes washer and other fixtures (except toilets and kitchen sinks) to be used for an
irrigation system in compliance with the California Plumbing Code. In the event that the
whole house graywater system is installed in compliance with the California Plumbing
Code, then this measure shall count as 3 electives.
A4.305.2 Recycled water piping. Based on projected availability, dual water piping is
installed for future use of recycled water at the following locations:
1. Interior piping for the use of recycled water is installed to serve all water closets,
urinals, and floor drains.
2. Exterior piping is installed to transport recycled water from the point of
connection to the structure. Recycled water systems shall be designed and
installed in accordance with the California Plumbing Code.
A4.305.3 Recycled water for landscape irrigation. Recycled water piping is used for
landscape irrigation.
16.14.220 A4.305.4 Additions and Alterations.
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Section A4.305.4 is added as Tier 1 and Tier 2 prerequisite and amended to read:
A4.305.4 Additions and alterations. All multi‐family residential additions and alterations
must install recycled water infrastructure for irrigation when the landscape area exceeds
1,000 square feet.
Division A4.4 – MATERIAL CONSERVATION AND RESOUCE EFFICIENCY
16.14.230 Section A4.403.1 Frost Protection Foundation Systems.
Sections A4.403.1 is not adopted as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure.
16.14.240 Section A4.403.2 Reduction in cement use.
Section A4.403.2 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is adopted as a
Mandatory measure for all Tier 1 and Tier 2 projects and is amended to read:
A4.403.2 Low carbon concrete requirements.
A4.403.2.1 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to provide practical standards and
requirements for the composition of concrete, as defined herein, that maintains
adequate strength and durability for the intended application and at the same time
reduces greenhouse gas emissions associated with concrete composition. This code
includes pathways for compliance with either reduced cement levels or lower‐emission
supplementary cementitious materials.
A4.403.2.2 Definitions. For the application of this section the following definitions shall
apply:
Concrete. Concrete is any approved combination of mineral aggregates bound together
into a hardened conglomerate in accordance with the requirements of this code.
Environmental product declaration (EPD). EPDs present quantified environmental
information on the life cycle of a product to enable comparisons between products
fulfilling the same function. EPDs must conform to ISO 14025, and EN 15804 or ISO 21930,
and have at least a "cradle to gate" scope (which covers product life cycle from resource
extraction to the factory).
Upfront embodied carbon (embodied carbon). The greenhouse gasses emitted in
material extraction, transportation and manufacturing of a material corresponding to life
cycle stages A1 (extraction and upstream production), A2 (transportation), and A3
(manufacturing). Definition is as noted in ISO 21930 and as defined in V2.3 Product
Category Rule for Concrete by NSF dated November 2023.
https://d2evkimvhatqav.cloudfront.net/documents/PCR‐Product‐Category‐Rules/PCR‐Concrete‐2023‐deviation.pdf
A4.403.2.3 Compliance. Compliance with the requirements of this chapter shall be
demonstrated through any of the compliance options in Sections 4.403.2.3.2 through
4.403.2.3.5:
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TABLE A4.403.2.3 Cement and Embodied Carbon Limit Pathways
A4.403.2.3.1 Allowable increases.
(1) Cement and Embodied Carbon Limit Allowances. Cement or Embodied Carbon limits
shown in Table A4.403.2.3 can be increased by 30% for concretes demonstrated to the
Building Official as requiring high early strength. Such concretes could include, but are not
limited to, precast, prestressed concrete; beams and slabs above grade; and shotcrete
(2) Approved Cements. The maximum cement content may be increased proportionately
above the tabulated value when using an approved cement, or blended cement,
demonstrated by approved EPD to have a plant‐specific EPD lower than 1040 kg
CO2e/metric ton. The increase in allowable cement content would be (1040 /
plant=specific EPD) %.
A4.403.2.3.2 Cement limit method — mix. Cement content of a concrete mix using this
method shall not exceed the value shown in the Table A4.403.2.3. Use of this method is
limited to concrete with specified compressive strength not exceeding 5,000 psi.
A4.403.2.3.3 Cement limit method — project. Total cement content shall be based on
total cement usage of all concrete mix designs within the same project. Total cement
content for a project shall not exceed the value calculated according to Equation
A4.403.2.3.3.
Equation A4.403.2.3.3:
Cem proj < Cem allowed
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where
Cem proj = ΣCem n v n and Cem allowed = ΣCem lim v n
and
n = the total number of concrete mixtures for the project
Cem n = the cement content for mixture n , kg/m 3 or lb/yd 3
Cem lim = the maximum cement content for mixture n per Table A4.403.2.3, kg/m 3 or
lb/yd 3
v n = the volume of mixture n concrete to be placed, yd 3 or m 3
Applicant can use yd 3 or m 3 for calculation, but must keep same units throughout
A4.403.2.3.4. Embodied carbon method — mix. Embodied carbon of a concrete mix,
based on an approved environmental product declaration (EPD), shall not exceed the value
given in Table A4.403.2.3.
A4.403.2.3.5. Embodied carbon method — project. Total embodied carbon (EC proj ) of all
concrete mix designs within the same project shall not exceed the project limit (EC allowed )
determined using Table A4.403.2.3 and Equation A4.403.2.3.5.
Equation A4.403.2.3.5:
EC proj < EC allowed
where
EC proj = ΣEC n v n and EC allowed = ΣEC lim v n
and
n = the total number of concrete mixtures for the project
EC n = the embodied carbon potential for mixture n per mixture EPD, kg/m 3
EC lim = the embodied carbon potential limit for mixture n per Table A4.403.2.3, kg/m3
v n = the volume of mixture n concrete to be placed, yd 3 or m 3
Applicant can use yd 3 or m 3 for calculation, but must keep same units throughout.
A4.403.2.3.6. Enforcement.
As a condition prior to the issuance of every building permit involving placement of
concrete, the permit applicant shall be required to submit a completed low‐carbon
concrete compliance form that shall be provided by and reviewed for compliance by the
building department prior to issuing the permit.
As a condition of such building permits, and prior to approving construction inspections
following placement of concrete, the permit applicant shall be required to submit batch
certificates and/or EPDs provided by the concrete provider that demonstrate compliance
with the low‐carbon concrete compliance form on file with the building permit. The batch
certificates and/or EPDs shall be reviewed for compliance by the building department prior
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to approving any further inspections.
When deviations from compliance with this section occur, the chief building official or his
designee is authorized to require evidence of equivalent carbon reductions from the
portions of remaining construction of the project to demonstrate alternative compliance
with the intent of this chapter.
For projects involving placement of concrete by, or on behalf of, a public works, parks, or
similar department the director of such department, or his/her assignee, shall maintain
accurate records of the total volume (in cubic yards) of all concrete placed, as well as the
total compliant volume (in cubic yards) of all concrete placed, and shall report this data
annually to the governing body in a form expressing an annual compliance percentage
derived from the quotient of total compliant concrete volume placed divided by total
concrete volume placed.
A4.403.2.3.7. Exemptions.
(a) Hardship or infeasibility exemption. If an applicant for a project subject to this chapter
believes that circumstances exist that make it a hardship or infeasible to meet the
requirements of this chapter, the applicant may request an exemption as set forth below.
In applying for an exemption, the burden is on the applicant to show hardship or
infeasibility. The applicant shall identify in writing the specific requirements of the
standards for compliance that the project is unable to achieve and the circumstances that
make it a hardship or infeasible for the project to comply with this chapter. Circumstances
that constitute hardship or infeasibility may include, but are not limited to the following:
(1) There is a lack of commercially available material necessary to comply with this chapter;
(2) The cost of achieving compliance is disproportionate to the overall cost of the project;
(3) Compliance with certain requirements would impair the historic integrity of buildings
listed on a local, state or federal list or register of historic structures as regulated by the
California Historic Building Code (Title 24, Part 8).
(b) Granting of exemption. If the chief building official determines that it is a hardship or
infeasible for the applicant to fully meet the requirements of this chapter and that granting
the requested exemption will not cause the building to fail to comply with the California
Building Standards Code, the chief building official shall determine the maximum feasible
threshold of compliance reasonably achievable for the project. In making this
determination, the chief building official shall consider whether alternate, practical means
of achieving the objectives of this chapter can be satisfied. If an exemption is granted, the
applicant shall be required to comply with this chapter in all other respects and shall be
required to achieve the threshold of compliance determined to be achievable by the chief
building official.
(c) Denial of exception. If the chief building official determines that it is reasonably
possible for the applicant to fully meet the requirements of this chapter, the request shall
be denied and the applicant shall be notified of the decision in writing. The project and
compliance documentation shall be modified to comply with the standards for compliance.
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16.14.250 Section A4.408.1 Enhanced Construction Waste Reduction.
Section A4.408.1 of Appendix A4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is adopted as a
mandatory measure and is amended to read:
A4.408.1 Enhanced construction waste reduction. Nonhazardous construction and
demolition debris generated at the site is diverted to recycle or salvage in compliance with
the following:
Projects with a given valuation of $25,000 or more must have at least an 80‐percent
reduction. Any mixed recyclables that are sent to mixed‐waste recycling facilities shall
include a qualified third party verified facility average diversion rate. Verification of
diversion rates shall meet minimum certification eligibility guidelines, acceptable to the
local enforcing agency.
Exceptions:
1. Residential stand‐alone mechanical, electrical or plumbing permits.
2. Commercial stand‐alone mechanical, electrical or plumbing permits.
A4.408.1.1 Documentation. Documentation shall be provided to the enforcing agency
which demonstrates compliance with all construction and demolition waste reduction
requirements.
Division A4.5 – ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
16.14.260 Section A4.504.1 Compliance with Formaldehyde Limits.
Section A4.504.1 of Appendix A5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is adopted as a
Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure.
16.14.270 Section A4.504.3 Thermal Insulation.
Section A4.504.3 of Appendix A5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is not adopted
as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 prerequisite. Section A4.504.3 is adopted as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective
measure.
Part 8 – Local Modifications to CHAPTER 5 – NONRESIDENTIAL MANDATORY MEASURES
Division 5.1 – PLANNING AND DESIGN
16.14.280 Nonresidential Projects: Chapter 5 Preface Green Building Requirements for
Project Type and Scope.
A Preface is added to Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards Code to read:
Preface – Green Building Requirements for Project Type and Scope. For design and
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construction of nonresidential projects, the City requires compliance with the mandatory
measures of Chapter 5, in addition to use of Tier 1 and Tier 2 as specified in Palo Alto
Municipal Code Chapter 16.14. See Section 202 for definitions on CALGreen
MANDATORY, Tier 1 prerequisites and electives, and Tier 2 prerequisites and electives.
All elective measures are adopted as written under Appendix A5 unless otherwise
indicated in this Section.
16.14.290 Section 5.106.1.1 Local Stormwater Pollution Prevention.
Section 5.106.1.1 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to
read:
5.106.1.1 Local ordinance. Newly constructed projects and additions shall comply with
additional City of Palo Alto stormwater runoff management and pollution prevention
measures as applicable, and as may be amended from time to time.
16.14.295 Section 5.106.8 Light Pollution Reduction.
Section 5.106.8 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to read:
5.106.8 Light pollution reduction. Outdoor lighting systems shall be designed and
installed to comply with the following:
1. The minimum requirements in the California Energy Code for Lighting Zones 0‐4 as
defined in Chapter 10, Section 10‐114 of the California Administrative Code; and
2. Backlight (B) ratings as defined in IES TM‐15‐11 (shown in Table A‐1 in Chapter 8);
3. Uplight and Glare ratings as defined in California Energy Code (shown in Tables
130.2‐A and 130.2‐B in Chapter 8); and
4. Allowable BUG ratings not exceeding those shown in Table 5.106.8 [N]; or
Comply with a local ordinance lawfully enacted pursuant to Section 101.7,
whichever is more stringent.
Projects may use an approved equal reference standard for light fixtures where BUG
ratings are unavailable.
Exceptions:
1. Luminaires that qualify as exceptions in Section 103.2(b) and 140.7 of the
California Energy Code.
2. Emergency lighting.
3. Building facade meeting the requirements in Table 140.7‐B of the California
Energy Code, Part 6.
4. Custom lighting features as allowed by the local enforcing agency, as permitted
by Section 101.8 Alternate materials, designs and methods of construction.
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5. Luminaires with less than 6,200 initial luminaire lumens.
16.14.300 Section 5.106.13 Full Electrification.
Section 5.106 of Chapter 4 of the California Green Building Standards Code is amended to add
new subsection, 5.106.13 as follows:
5.106.13 Full electrification. Full electrification is recommended for new buildings,
substantial remodels, and new outdoor appliances/equipment such as fireplaces, firepits,
heaters for swimming pool/spa, and similar equipment. Full electrification is required for
outdoor grills, stoves, and barbecues. This subsection does not prohibit freestanding
and/or portable grills, stoves, and barbecues whose source of energy is self‐contained
fuel canisters.
16.14.310 Reserved
16.14.320 Reserved
Division 5.3 – WATER EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION
16.14.330 Section 5.304.2 Invasive Species Prohibited.
Section 5.304.2 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is added as
mandatory measure to read:
5.304.2 Invasive species prohibited. All nonresidential new construction, additions, and
alterations shall not install invasive species in a landscape area of any size.
16.14.340 Section 5.306 Nonresidential Enhanced Water Budget.
Section 5.306 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is added as mandatory
measure to read:
5.306 Nonresidential enhanced water budget. Nonresidential buildings anticipated to
use more than 1,000 gallons of water a day shall complete an Enhanced Water Budget
Calculator as established by the Chief Building Official or designee.
16.14.350 Section 5.307 Cooling Tower Water Use.
Section 5.307 Cooling Tower Water Use is added as mandatory to read:
5.307 COOLING TOWER WATER USE
5.307.1. Cooling tower water use in high rise residential or nonresidential buildings.
Cooling tower water use must meet the conditions as follows and as outlined in Palo Alto
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Municipal Code Section 16.08.100. Projects are required to perform a potable water
analysis at the site to meet the maximum concentration of parameters noted in Table
5.307.1
TABLE 5.307.1
Ca (as CaCO3) 600 ppm
Total alkalinity 500 ppm
SiO2 150 ppm
Cr 300 ppm
Conductivity 3300 Us/cm
Calculate maximum number of cycles that can be achieved with these
levels of concentration shall be included in the plumbing design plans.
Division 5.4 – MATERIAL CONSERVATION AND RESOUCE EFFICIENCY
16.14.360 Section 5.410.4.6 Energy STAR Portfolio Manager.
Section 5.410.4.6 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards is added as mandatory
measure to read:
5.410.4.6 Energy STAR portfolio manager. All nonresidential projects exceeding
$100,000 valuation must provide evidence of an Energy STAR Portfolio Manager project
profile for both water and energy use prior to Permit Issuance, acquire an Energy STAR
Portfolio Manager Rating, and submit the rating to the City of Palo Alto once the project
has been occupied after 12 months.
16.14.370 Section 5.410.4.7 Performance Reviews – Energy.
Section 5.410.4.7 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards is added to read:
5.410.4.7 Performance reviews – energy. All projects over 10,000 square feet. The City
reserves the right to conduct a performance review, no more frequently than once every
five years unless a project fails review, to evaluate the building's energy use to ensure
that resources used at the building and/or site do not exceed the maximum allowance set
forth in the rehabilitation or new construction design. Following the findings and
recommendations of the review, the City may require adjustments to the energy usage
or energy‐using equipment or systems if the building is no longer compliant with the
original design. Renovation or rehabilitation resulting from such audit activity shall be
considered a project and shall be subject to applicable documentation submittal
requirements of the City. This section is effective only for those projects for which a
building permit was issued after January 1, 2009.
16.14.380 Section 5.410.4.8 Performance Reviews – Water.
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Section 5.410.4.8 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards is added to read:
5.410.4.8 Performance reviews – water. All sites greater than one acre: The City reserves
the right to conduct performance reviews, no more frequently than once every five years
unless a project fails review, to evaluate water use to ensure that resources used at the
building and/or site do not exceed a maximum allowance set forth in the rehabilitation or
new construction design. Water use reviews may be initiated by CPAU, or as a
coordinated effort between the CPAU and the Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD),
or as part of SCVWD's established water conservation programs. Following the findings
and recommendations of the review, the City may require adjustments to irrigation
usage, irrigation hardware, and/or landscape materials to reduce consumption and
improve efficiency. Renovation or rehabilitation resulting from such audit activity shall be
considered a project and shall be subject to applicable documentation submittal
requirements of the City.
16.14.390 Section 5.506 Indoor Air Quality.
Section 5.506.4 of Chapter 5 of the California Green Building Standards is added as mandatory
measure to read:
Section 5.506.4 Indoor air quality management plan. All commercial and multi‐ family
projects must submit an Indoor Air Quality Management Plan (IAQ) with building permit
application in accordance with the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National
Association (SMACNA IAQ) Guidelines for Occupied Buildings Under Construction, 2nd
edition ANSI/SMACNA 008‐2008.
Part 9 – Local Modifications to APPENDIX A5 – NONRESIDENTIAL VOLUNTARY MEASURES
Division A5.1 – PLANNING AND DESIGN
16.14.400 Section A5.106.5.3 Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging for New Construction.
Section A5.106.5.3 – A5.106.5.3.4 of the California Green Building Standards Code are deleted in
its entirety, adopted as mandatory measures and is amended to read:
A5.106.5.3 Electric vehicle (EV) charging for nonresidential structures. New non‐
residential structures shall comply with the following requirements for electric vehicle
supply equipment (EVSE). All parking space calculations under this section shall be
rounded up to the next full space. The requirements stated in this section are in addition
to those contained in Section 5.106.5.3 of the California Green Building Standards Code.
In the event of a conflict between this section and Section 5.106.5.3, the more robust EV
Charging requirements shall prevail.
A5.106.5.3.5 Nonresidential structures other than hotels. The following standards apply
to newly constructed nonresidential structures other than hotels.
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In general. For building with 10 to 20 parking spaces, the property owner shall provide
at least 20% EV Capable or EVSE‐Ready space, and at least 20% Level 2 EVSE installed of
the total parking spaces.
For building with over 20 parking spaces, the property owner shall provide at least 15%
EV Capable or EVSE‐Ready space, and at least 15% EVSE installed for of the total parking
spaces
Accessible spaces. Projects shall comply with the 2022 California Building Code
requirements for accessible electric vehicle parking.
Minimum total circuit capacity. The property owner shall ensure sufficient circuit
capacity, as determined by the Chief Building Official or designee , to support a Level 2
EVSE in every location where EVSE Capable space, EVSE‐Ready space or EVSE Installed is
required.
Location. The EVSE, receptacles, and/or raceway required by this section shall be placed
in locations allowing convenient installation of and access to EVSE. Location of EVSE or
receptacles shall be consistent with all city regulations.
Division A5.4 – ENERGY EFFICIENCY
16.14.410 Section A5.203.1 Performance Approach for Newly Constructed Buildings.
Section A5.203.1 of Appendix A5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is not adopted
as a Tier 1 and Tier 2 elective measure. Projects shall comply with Chapter 16.17 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code (California Energy Code).
Division A5.4 – MATERIAL CONSERVATION AND RESOUCE EFFICIENCY
16.14.420 Section A5.405.5 Cement and Concrete.
Section A5.405.5 of Appendix A5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is adopted as
a Mandatory measure for Tier 1 and Tier 2 projects and is amended to read:
A5.405.5 Cement and concrete. Use cement and concrete made with recycled products
and complying with the following sections and requirements per PAMC Chapter
16.14.240.
16.14.430 Section A5.408 Construction Waste Reduction, Disposal and Recycling.
Section A5.408 of Appendix A5 of the California Green Building Standards Code is adopted as a
Mandatory measure for Tier 2 projects and is amended to read:
A5.408.3.1 Waste enhanced construction waste reduction. (80% construction waste
reduction) as a mandatory requirement for all nonresidential construction, including new
construction, additions, and alterations, as long as the construction has a valuation of
$25,000 or more. Nonresidential projects with a lower valuation shall remain subject to
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California Green Building Standards Code Chapter 5 mandatory measures.
Exceptions:
1. Residential stand‐alone mechanical, electrical or plumbing permits.
2. Commercial stand‐alone mechanical, electrical or plumbing permits.
A5.408.3.1.1 ‐ Deleted
A5.408.3.1.2 Documentation. Documentation shall be provided to the enforcing agency which
demonstrates compliance with all construction and demolition waste reduction requirements.
SECTION 3. The Council adopts the findings for local amendments to the California Green Building
Standards Code, 2022 Edition, attached hereto as Exhibit “A” and incorporated herein by
reference.
SECTION 4. If any section, subsection, clause or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held
to be invalid, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion or sections of the
Ordinance. The Council hereby declares that it should have adopted the Ordinance and each
section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase thereof irrespective of the fact that any one or
more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses or phrases be declared invalid.
SECTION 5. The Council finds that this project is exempt from the provisions of the California
Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”), pursuant to Section 15061 of the CEQA Guidelines, because
it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the amendments herein adopted will
have a significant effect on the environment and Section 15308, because the amendments herein
adopted is an action taken by the City to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, or
protection of the environment.
//
//
//
//
//
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SECTION 6. This Ordinance shall be effective on the thirty‐first day after the date of its
adoption.
INTRODUCED:
PASSED:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST:
City Clerk Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM: APPROVED:
Chief Assistant City Attorney City Manager
Director of Planning and
Development Services
Director of Administrative Services
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Exhibit A
FINDINGS FOR LOCAL AMENDMENTS TO CALIFORNIA GREEN BUILDING STANDARD CODE
TITLE 24, PART 11
Section 17958 of the California Health and Safety Code provides that the City may make changes
to the provisions of the California Building Standards Code. Sections 17958.5 and 17958.7 of the
Health and Safety Code require that for each proposed local change to those provisions of the
California Building Standards Code which regulate buildings used for human habitation, the City
Council must make findings supporting its determination that each such local change is reasonably
necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions.
Local building regulations having the effect of amending the uniform codes, which were adopted
by the City prior to November 23, 1970, were unaffected by the regulations of Sections 17958,
17958.5 and 17958.7 of the Health and Safety Code. Therefore, amendments to the uniform
codes which were adopted by the City Council prior to November 23, 1970 and have been carried
through from year to year without significant change, need no required findings. Also,
amendments to provisions not regulating buildings used for human habitation do not require
findings.
Code: California Green Building Standard Code, Title 24, Part 11
Chapter(s),
Sections(s), Appendices
Title Add Deleted Amended Justification
(See below of keys)
101.4 Appendices A
202 Definitions A
301 Voluntary Tiers Added C, E
301.1 Scope C, E
301.1.1 Residential additions and alterations C, E
301.2 Low‐rise and high‐rise residential buildings C, E
301.2.1 Low‐Rise residential new construction – Tier 2 adopted
C, E
301.3 Nonresidential additions and alterations C, E
301.3.3 No‐residential new construction – Tier 2 C, E
301.6 Special inspector requirements C, E
301.7 Low‐carbon concrete requirements for Tier 1 and Tier 2 projects
C, E
4.306 Swimming pool and spa covers C, E
4.509 Heat pump water heater
702.2 Green building special inspection C, E
A4.104.1 Supervision and education by a special inspector
C, E
A4.105.1 Chapter 5.24 of Title 5 of the Municipal Code
C, E
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A4.105.2 Reuse of materials C, E
A4.106.8 Electric vehicle (EV) charging for residential structures
C, E
A4.106.8.1 New single‐family, duplex and townhouse dwellings
C, E
A4.106.8.2 New multi‐family dwellings. C, E
A4.106.8.3 New hotels and motels C, E
A4.106.9 Bicycle Parking C, E
A4.106.10 Light pollution reduction C, E
A4.203.1 Performance Approach for Newly
Constructed Buildings
C, E
A4.304.3 Irrigation metering device C, E
A4.305.1 Graywater C, E
A4.305.2 Recycled water piping C, E
A4.305.3 Recycled water for landscape irrigation C, E
A4.305.4 Additions and alterations C, E
A4.403.1 Frost Protection Foundation Systems C
A4.403.2 Reduction in cement use C, E
A4.403.2.1 Purpose C, E
A4.403.2.2 Definitions C, E
A4.403.2.3 Compliance C, E
Table A4.403.2.3 Cement and Embodied Carbon Limit Pathways
C, E
A4.403.2.3.1 Allowable increases C, E
A4.403.2.3.2 Cement limit method ‐ mix C, E
A4.403.2.3.3 Cement limit method ‐ project C, E
A4.403.2.3.4 Embodied carbon method ‐ mix C, E
A4.403.2.3.5 Embodied carbon method ‐ project C, E
A4.403.2.3.6 Enforcement A
A4.403.2.3.7 Exemptions A
A4.408.1 Enhanced construction waste reduction C, E
A4.408.1.1 Documentation A
A4.504.1 Compliance with Formaldehyde Limits C, E
A4.504.3 Thermal Insulation C, E
5.106.1.1 Local Storm Water Pollution Prevention C, E
5.106.1.1 Local ordinance C, E
5.106.8 Light pollution reduction C, E
5.304.2 Invasive species prohibited C
5.306 Nonresidential enhanced water
budget
C, E
5.307.1 Cooling tower water use in high‐rise residential or nonresidential buildings
C, E
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5.410.4.6 Energy STAR portfolio manager C, E
5.410.4.7 Performance reviews – energy C, E
5.410.4.8 Performance reviews – water C, E
5.506.4 Indoor air quality management plan E
A5.106.5.3 Electric vehicle (EV) charging for nonresidential structures C, E
A5.106.5.3.5 Nonresidential structures other than hotels C, E
A5.203.1 Performance Approach for Newly Constructed Buildings
C, E
A5.405.5 Cement and concrete C, E
A5.408.3.1 Waste enhanced construction waste reduction
C, E
A5.408.3.1.1 Enhanced construction waste reduction – Tier 2
A
A5.408.3.1.2 Documentation A
Key to Justification for Amendments to Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations
A This is an administrative amendment to clarify and establish civil and administrative
procedures, regulations, or rules to enforce and administer the activities by the Palo Alto
Building Inspection Department. These administrative amendments do not need to meet
HSC 18941.5/17958/13869 per HSC 18909(c).
C This amendment is justified on the basis of a local climatic condition. The seasonal climatic
conditions during the late summer and fall create severe fire hazards to the public health
and welfare in the City. The hot, dry weather frequently results in wild land fires on the
brush covered slopes west of Interstate 280. The aforementioned conditions combined
with the geological characteristics of the hills within the City create hazardous conditions
for which departure from California Building Standards Code is required. Natural gas
combustion and gas appliances emit a wide range of air pollutants, such as carbon
monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2)), particulate
matter (PM), and formaldehyde, which according to a UCLA Study, have been linked to
various acute and chronic health effects, and additionally exceed levels set by national
and California‐based ambient air quality standards. The burning of fossil fuels used in the
generation of electric power and heating of buildings contributes to climate change,
which could result in rises in sea level, including in San Francisco Bay, that could put at
risk Palo Alto homes and businesses, public facilities, and Highway 101 (Bayshore
Freeway), particularly the mapped Flood Hazard areas of the City. Energy efficiency is a
key component in reducing GHG emissions, and construction of more energy efficient
buildings can help Palo Alto reduce its share of the GHG emissions that contribute to
climate change. All‐electric new buildings benefit the health, safety, and welfare, of Palo
Alto and its residents. Requiring all‐electric construction, without gas infrastructure will
reduce the amount of greenhouse gas produced in Palo Alto and will contribute to
reducing the impact of climate change and the associated risks. Due to decrease in annual
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rain fall, Palo Alto experiences the effect of drought and water saving more than some
other communities in California. Embodied carbon of concrete is a significant contributor
to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, and this amendment includes a
requirement to use low‐carbon concrete. Providing additional capacity for electric vehicle
use reduces use of gasoline which is a major contributor to climate change.
E Green building enhances the public health and welfare by promoting the environmental
and economic health of the City through the design, construction, maintenance,
operation and deconstruction of buildings and sites by incorporating green practices into
all development. The green provisions in this Chapter are designed to achieve the
following goals:
(a) Increase energy efficiency in buildings;
(b) Reduce the use of natural gas in buildings which improves indoor environmental
quality and health;
(c) Reduce the use of natural gas which will reduce the natural gas infrastructure and
fire risk over time;
(d) Reduce the embodied carbon of concrete which reduces greenhouse gas
emissions;
(e) Increase water and resource conservation;
(f) Reduce waste generated by construction and demolition projects;
(g) Provide durable buildings that are efficient and economical to own and operate;
(h) Promote the health and productivity of residents, workers, and visitors to the city;
(i) Recognize and conserve the energy embodied in existing buildings;
(j) Increase capacity for use of electric vehicles which reduces greenhouse gas
emissions and improves air quality;
(k) Encourage alternative transportation; and
(l) Reduce disturbance of natural ecosystems.
G This amendment is justified on the basis of a local geological condition. The City of Palo
Alto is subject to earthquake hazard caused by its proximity to San Andreas fault. This
fault runs from Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma
Prieta earthquake, then on up the San Francisco Peninsula, then offshore at Daly City near
Mussel Rock. This is the approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco
earthquake. The other fault is Hayward Fault. This fault is about 74 mi long, situated
mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay. Both of
these faults are considered major Northern California earthquake faults which may
experience rupture at any time. Thus, because the City is within a seismic area which
includes these earthquake faults, the modifications and changes cited herein are designed
to better limit property damage as a result of seismic activity and to establish criteria for
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repair of damaged properties following a local emergency. Reduction or eliminating of
natural gas infrastructure over time will reduce maintenance costs and fire risk in difficult
geological conditions.
T The City of Palo Alto topography includes hillsides with narrow and winding access, which
makes timely response by fire suppression vehicles difficult. Palo Alto is contiguous with
the San Francisco Bay, resulting in a natural receptor for storm and waste water run‐off.
Also, the City of Palo Alto is located in an area that is potentially susceptible to liquefaction
during a major earthquake. The surface condition consists mostly of stiff to dense sandy
clay, which is highly plastic and expansive in nature. The aforementioned conditions
within the City create hazardous conditions for which departure from California Building
Standards Code is warranted. In addition, the reduction or elimination of natural gas
infrastructure reduces the likelihood of fire or environmental damage should they
become disrupted due to challenging topographic conditions during construction or
repair.
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Ordinance No. XXXX
Ordinance of the Council of the City of Palo Alto Amending Chapter 16.17 (California
Energy Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6) of the Palo Alto Municipal
Code to Adopt the 2022 California Energy Code, Along With Local Amendments Thereto,
to Increase Energy Efficiency Standards for Buildings, Mandate Electric‐Ready
Requirements, and Incentivize All‐Electric New Construction.
The Council of the City of Palo Alto does ORDAIN as follows:
SECTION 1. Findings and Declarations.
(a) The City of Palo Alto adopted a Sustainability and Climate Action Plan, or S/CAP, to meet
the City's stated goal of "80 x 30": reducing greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990
levels by 2030.
(b) The S/CAP outlines goals and key actions in eight areas, one of which is energy and more
specifically, energy efficiency and electrification. The goals for the energy area of the
S/CAP are to reduce GHG emissions from the direct use of natural gas in Palo Alto’s
building sector by at least 60% below 1990 levels (116,400 MT CO2e reduction) and to
modernize the electric grid to support increased electric demand to accommodate state‐
of‐the‐art technology.
(c) One key action the City is taking to accomplish those goals is to use codes and ordinances
‐ such as the energy reach code, green building ordinance, zoning code, or other
mandates ‐ to facilitate electrification in both existing buildings and new construction
projects where feasible.
(d) The purpose of this ordinance is to formally adopt California Code of Regulations, Title 24,
Part 11, 2022 California Green Building Standards Code, with local amendments in
furtherance of the City of Palo Alto’s S/CAP goals.
(e) California Health and Safety Code sections 17958.5 and 17958.7 requires that the City, in
order to make changes or modifications in the requirements contained in the California
Green Building Standards on the basis of local conditions, make express finding that such
modifications or changes are reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological
or topographical conditions.
(f) The required findings are attached to this ordinance as Exhibit A.
SECTION 2. Chapter 16.17 (California Energy Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6) of
the Palo Alto Municipal Code is hereby amended by repealing in its entirety existing Chapter
16.17 and adopting a new Chapter 16.17 to read as follows:
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CHAPTER 16.17
CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE,
CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS, TITLE 24, PART 6
Sections
16.17.010 2022 California Energy Code, Title 24, Part 6 adopted.
16.17.020 Cross ‐ References to California Energy Code
16.17.030 Local Amendments
16.17.040 Administration & Enforcement of 2022 California Energy Code
16.17.050 Violations – Penalties
16.17.060 Section 100.1 Definitions and Rules of Construction
16.17.070 Section 110.10 Mandatory Requirements for Solar Ready Buildings
16.17.080 Subchapter 4 Nonresidential, High‐Rise Residential, and Hotel/Motel Occupancies
– Mandatory Requirements for Lighting Systems and Equipment, and Electrical
Power Distribution Systems
16.17.090 Section 130.6 Electric Readiness Requirements for Systems Using Gas or Propane
16.17.100 Subchapter 5 Nonresidential and Hotel/Motel Occupancies — Performance and
Prescriptive Compliance Approaches for Achieving Efficiency
16.17.110 Section 140.1 Performance Approach: Energy Budgets
16.17.120 Subchapter 7 Single‐family Residential Building – Mandatory Features and Devices
16.17.130 Subchapter 8 Single‐family Residential Buildings – Performance and Prescriptive
Compliance Approaches
16.17.140 Subchapter 10 Multifamily Buildings — Mandatory Requirements
16.17.150 Section 160.9 Mandatory Requirements for Electric Ready Buildings
16.17.160 Subchapter 11 Multifamily Buildings — Performance and Prescriptive Compliance
Approaches
16.17.170 Infeasibility Exemption
16.17.180 Appeal
16.17.010 2022 California Energy Code, Title 24, Part 6 adopted.
The California Energy Code, 2022 Edition, Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations
together with those omissions, amendments, exceptions and additions thereto, is adopted and
hereby incorporated in this Chapter by reference and made a part hereof the same as if fully set
forth herein. Except as amended herein, all requirements of the California Energy Code, 2022
Edition, Title 24, Part 6 of the California Code of Regulations shall apply.
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Unless superseded and expressly repealed, references in City of Palo Alto forms, documents and
regulations to the chapters and sections of the former editions of the California Code of Regulations,
Title 24, shall be construed to apply to the corresponding provisions contained within the California
Code of Regulations, Title 24, 2022. Ordinance No. 5571 of the City of Palo Alto and all other
ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby suspended and expressly repealed.
One copy of the California Energy Code, 2022 Edition, has been filed for use and examination of the
public in the Office of the Chief Building Official of the City of Palo Alto.
16.17.020 Cross ‐ References to California Energy Code
The provisions of this Chapter contain cross‐references to the provisions of the California Energy
Code, 2022 Edition, in order to facilitate reference and comparison to those provisions.
16.17.030 Local Amendments
The provisions of this Chapter shall constitute local amendments to the cross‐referenced
provisions of the California Energy Code, 2022 Edition, and shall be deemed to replace the cross‐
referenced sections of said Code with the respective provisions set forth in this Chapter.
16.17.040 Administration & Enforcement of 2022 California Energy Code
Administration and enforcement of this code shall be governed by Chapter 1, Division II of the
2022 California Building Code as amended by Palo Alto Municipal Code Chapter 16.04.
16.17.050 Violations ‐ Penalties
It is unlawful for any person to violate any provision or to fail to comply with any of the
requirements of this Chapter or any permits, conditions, or variances granted under this Chapter.
Violators shall be subject to any penalty or penalties authorized by law, including but not limited
to: administrative enforcement pursuant to Chapters 1.12 and 1.16 of the Palo Alto Municipal
Code; and criminal enforcement pursuant to Chapter 1.08 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code. Each
separate day or any portion thereof during which any violation of this Chapter occurs or
continues shall be deemed to constitute a separate offense.
When the chief building official determines that a violation of this Chapter has occurred, the chief
building official may record a notice of pendency of code violation with the Office of the County
Recorder stating the address and owner of the property involved. When the violation has been
corrected, the chief building official shall issue and record a release of the notice of pendency
of code violation.
16.17.060 Section 100.1 Definitions and Rules of Construction
Section 100.1(b) of Subchapter 1 of the California Energy Code is amended by adding the following
definitions:
CERTIFIED ENERGY ANALYST is a person registered as a Certified Energy Analyst with the
California Association of Building Energy Consultants as of the date of submission of a
Certificate of Compliance as required under section 10‐103 of Building Energy Efficiency
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Standards for residential and nonresidential buildings.
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT OR APPLIANCE means one or more devices that use electric energy to
serve the needs for heating and cooling, water heating, cooking, and electric vehicle charging. In
addition, ancillary equipment such as an electric panel, photovoltaic equipment, and energy
storage systems that are deployed to support such devices shall be considered Electric
Equipment or Appliance.
ELECTRIC HEATING APPLIANCE is a device that produces heat energy to create a warm
environment by the application of electric power to resistance elements, refrigerant
compressors, or dissimilar material junctions, as defined in the California Mechanical Code.
NET FREE AREA (NFA) is the total unobstructed area of the air gaps between louver and grille
slats in a vent through which air can pass. The narrowest distance between two slats,
perpendicular to the surface of both slats is the air gap height. The narrowest width of the gap is
the air gap width. The NFA is the air gap height multiplied by the air gap width multiplied by the
total number of air gaps between slats in the vent.
SUBSTANTIAL REMODEL (or “50‐50‐50” RULE) is any project or projects that affects the removal
or replacement of 50% or more of the linear length of the existing exterior walls of the building,
and/or 50% or more of the linear length of the existing exterior wall plate height is raised, and/or
50% or more of the existing roof framing area is removed or replaced, over a 3‐year period.
Any permit(s) applied for will trigger a review of a 3‐year history of the project. This
review will result in determining if a substantial remodel has occurred.
The Chief Building Official or designee shall make the final determination regarding the
application if a conflict occurs.
16.17.070 Section 110.10 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR SOLAR READY BUILDINGS
Section 110.10 of Subchapter 2 of the California Energy Code is amended by adding Section
110.10 (f) to read:
(f) Existing tree canopies. In the event of a conflict between the provisions of
this Code, the Solar Shade Act of 2009, and the Palo Alto Tree Ordinance
(Chapter 8.10), the most protective of existing tree canopies shall prevail.
16.17.080 SUBCHAPTER 4 NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES –
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR LIGHTING SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT, AND
ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
SECTION 130.0 LIGHTING SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT, AND ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEMS – GENERAL.
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Section 130.0 (a) of Subchapter 4 of the California Energy Code is amended to read:
(a) The design and installation of all lighting systems and equipment in nonresidential and
hotel/motel buildings, outdoor lighting, and electrical power distribution systems within
the scope of Section 100.0(a), shall comply with the applicable provisions of Sections
130.0 through 130.6.
NOTE: The requirements of Sections 130.0 through 130.6 apply to newly constructed
buildings and substantial remodels. Section 141.0 specifies which requirements of
Sections 130.0 through 130.6 also apply to additions and alterations to existing buildings.
16.17.090 SECTION 130.6 ELECTRIC READINESS REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEMS USING GAS OR
PROPANE
Subchapter 4 of the California Energy Code is amended to add Section 130.6 to be numbered,
entitled, and to read:
130.6 ELECTRIC READINESS REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEMS USING GAS OR PROPANE
Where nonresidential systems using gas or propane are installed, the construction drawings shall
indicate electrical infrastructure and physical space accommodating the future installation of an
electric appliance in the following ways, as certified by a registered design professional or
licensed electrical contractor.
a) Branch circuit wiring, electrically isolated and designed to serve all electric heating
appliances in accordance with manufacturer requirements and the California Electrical
Code, including the appropriate voltage, phase, minimum amperage, and an electrical
receptacle or junction box within five feet of the appliance that is accessible with no
obstructions. Appropriately sized conduit may be installed in lieu of conductors; and
b) Labeling of both ends of the unused conductors or conduit shall be with “For Future
Electrical Appliance”; and
c) Reserved circuit breakers in the electrical panel for each branch circuit, appropriately
labeled (e.g. “Reserved for Future Electric Range”), and positioned on the opposite end
of the panel supply conductor connection; and
d) Connected subpanels, panelboards, switchboards, busbars, and transformers shall be
sized to serve the future electric heating appliances. The electrical capacity requirements
shall be adjusted for demand factors in accordance with the California Electrical Code;
and
e) Physical space for future electric appliances, including equipment footprint, and if needed
a pathway reserved for routing of ductwork to heat pump evaporator(s), shall be depicted
on the construction drawings. The footprint necessary for future electric appliances may
overlap with non‐structural partitions and with the location of currently designed
combustion equipment.
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16.17.100 SUBCHAPTER 5 NONRESIDENTIAL AND HOTEL/MOTEL OCCUPANCIES —
PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR ACHIEVING
EFFICIENCY
SECTION 140.0 PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES
Section 140.0 of Subchapter 5 of the California Energy Code is amended to read:
Nonresidential and hotel/motel buildings shall comply with all of the following:
a) The requirements of Sections 100.0 through 110.12 applicable to the building project
(mandatory measures for all buildings).
b) The requirements of Sections 120.0 through 130.6 (mandatory measures for
nonresidential and high‐rise residential and hotel/motel buildings).
c) Either the performance compliance approach (energy budgets) specified in Section 140.1
or the prescriptive compliance approach specified in Section 140.2 for the Climate Zone
in which the building will be located. Climate zones are shown in FIGURE 100.1‐A.
NOTE to Section 140.0(c): The Commission periodically updates, publishes, and makes available
to interested persons and local enforcement agencies precise descriptions of the Climate Zones,
which is available by zip code boundaries depicted in the Reference Joint Appendices along with
a list of the communities in each zone.
16.17.110 SECTION 140.1 PERFORMANCE APPROACH: ENERGY BUDGETS
Section 140.1 of Subchapter 5 of the California Energy Code is amended to read:
Sections 140.1 (a) – (c) are adopted without modification.
A newly constructed building or substantial remodel complies with the performance approach
provided that:
1. The time‐dependent valuation (TDV) energy budget calculated for the Proposed Design
Building under Subsection (b) is no greater than the TDV energy budget calculated for
the Standard Design Building under Subsection (a), and
2. The source energy budget calculated for the proposed design building under Subsection
(b) has a source energy compliance margin, relative to the energy budget calculated for
the standard design building under Subsection (a), of at least the value specified for the
corresponding occupancy type in Table 140.1‐A below.
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TABLE 140.1‐A NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING SOURCE ENERGY COMPLIANCE MARGINS
Occupancy Type Source Energy Compliance Margins
Office/Mercantile 10%
Hotel/Motel 7%
Restaurants 12%
Industrial/ Manufacturing 0%
All other Nonresidential Occupancies 9%
Exception 1 to Section 140.1 Item 2: A source energy compliance margin of 0 percent or greater
is required when nonresidential occupancies are designed with single zone space‐conditioning
systems complying with Section 140.4(a)2.
3. Certificate of Compliance. The Certificate of Compliance shall be prepared and signed by
a Certified Energy Analyst and the energy budget for the Proposed Design shall be no
greater than the Standard Design Building.
16.17.120 SUBCHAPTER 7 SINGLE‐FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING – MANDATORY FEATURES
AND DEVICES
Section 150.0 MANDATORY FEATURES AND DEVICES
Section 150.0 of Subchapter 7 of the California Energy Code is amended to read:
Single‐family residential buildings shall comply with the applicable requirements of Sections
150(a) through 150.0(v).
NOTE: The requirements of Sections 150.0 (a) through (v) apply to newly constructed buildings
and substantial remodels. Sections 150.2(a) and 150.2(b) specify which requirements of Sections
150.0(a) through 150.0(r) also apply to additions or alterations. The electric readiness
requirements of Sections 150.0 (n), (t), (u) and (v) apply to residential remodels or additions when
the applicable system is included in the remodel.
Subsections 150.0 (a) – (s) are adopted without modification.
(t) Heat pump space heater ready. Systems using gas or propane furnace to serve
individual dwelling units shall include the following:
1. A dedicated 240 volt branch circuit wiring shall be installed within 3 feet from
the furnace and accessible to the furnace with no obstructions. The branch
circuit conductors shall be rated at 30 amps minimum. The blank cover shall
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be identified as “240V ready.” All electrical components shall be installed in
accordance with the California Electrical Code.
2. The main electrical service panel shall have a reserved space to allow for the
installation of a double pole circuit breaker for a future heat pump space
heater installation. The reserved space shall be permanently marked as “For
Future 240V use.”
3. A designated exterior location for a future heat pump compressor unit.
Subsections 150.0 (u) – (v) are adopted without modification.
16.17.130 SUBCHAPTER 8 SINGLE‐FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS – PERFORMANCE AND
PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES
SECTION 150.1 PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE COMPLIANCE APPROACHES FOR SINGLE‐
FAMILY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Section 150.1 of Subchapter 8 of the California Energy Code is amended to read:
Section (a) is adopted without modification.
(b) Performance Standards. A building complies with the performance standards if the
energy consumption calculated for the proposed design building is no greater than the
energy budget calculated for the standard design building using Commission‐certified
compliance software as specified by the Alternative Calculation Methods Approval
Manual, as specified in sub‐sections 1, 2 and 3 below.
1. Newly Constructed Buildings and substantial remodels. The Energy Budget for
newly constructed buildings is expressed in terms of the Energy Design Ratings,
which are based on source energy and time‐dependent valuation (TDV) energy.
The Energy Design Rating 1 (EDR1) is based on source energy. The Energy Design
Rating 2 (EDR2) is based on TDV energy and has two components, the Energy
Efficiency Design Rating, and the Solar Electric Generation and Demand Flexibility
Design Rating. The total Energy Design Rating shall account for both the Energy
Efficiency Design Rating and the Solar Electric Generation and Demand Flexibility
Design Rating. The proposed building shall separately comply with the Source
Energy Design Rating, Energy Efficiency Design Rating and the Total Energy Design
Rating.
A building complies with the performance approach if the TDV energy budget
calculated for the proposed design building is no greater than the TDV energy
budget calculated for the Standard Design Building AND Source Energy
compliance margin of at least 8 points, relative to the Source Energy Design Rating
1 calculated for the Standard Design building.
Exception 1 to Section 150.1(b)1. A community shared solar electric generation
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system, or other renewable electric generation system, and/or community shared
battery storage system, which provides dedicated power, utility energy reduction
credits, or payments for energy bill reductions, to the permitted building and is
approved by the Energy Commission as specified in Title 24, Part 1, Section 10‐
115, may offset part or all of the solar electric generation system Energy Design
Rating required to comply with the Standards, as calculated according to methods
established by the Commission in the Residential ACM Reference Manual.
Exception 2 to Section 150.1(b)1. A newly constructed building that does not
require a PV system in accordance with Section 150.1(c)14 needs a Source Energy
compliance margin of at least 2 points, relative to the Source Energy Design Rating
1 calculated for the Standard Design building.
2. Additions and Alterations to Existing Buildings. The Energy Budget for additions
and alterations is expressed in terms of TDV energy.
3. Compliance demonstration requirements for performance standards.
Section 150.1 (b) 3A of Subchapter 8 of the California Energy Code amended to add
subsection i:
i. Certificate of Compliance. The Certificate of Compliance is prepared and
signed by a Certified Energy Analyst and the Total Energy Design Rating of
the Proposed Design shall be no greater than the Standard Design Building.
Section (c) is adopted without modification.
16.17.140 SUBCHAPTER 10 MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS — MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS
SECTION 160.4 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR WATER HEATING SYSTEMS
Section 160.4 (a) of Subchapter 10 of the California Energy Code is deleted:
Sections (b) – (f) are adopted without amendments.
16.17.150 SECTION 160.9 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRIC READY BUILDINGS
Section 160.9 of Subchapter 10 of the California Energy Code is amended to read:
Mandatory requirements for electric‐ready buildings apply to newly constructed buildings and
substantial remodels.
Section 160.9 Sections (a) – (c) are adopted without amendments.
Sections (d) ‐ (f) are added to read:
(d) Systems using gas or propane water heaters to serve individual dwelling units shall
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include the following components:
1. A dedicated 125 volt, 20 amp electrical receptacle that is connected to the
electric panel with a 120/240 volt 3 conductor, copper branch circuit rated to 30
amps, within 3 feet from the water heater and accessible to the water heater
with no obstructions. In addition, all of the following:
A. Both ends of the unused conductor shall be labeled with the word “spare”
and be electrically isolated; and
B. A reserved single pole circuit breaker space in the electrical panel
adjacent to the circuit breaker for the branch circuit in A above and
labeled with the words “Future 240V Use”;
All electrical components shall be installed in accordance with the California
Electrical Code.
2. A condensate drain that is no more than 2 inches higher than the base of the
installed water heater, and allows natural draining without pump assistance,
All plumbing components shall be installed in accordance with the California
Plumbing Code.
3. The construction drawings shall indicate the location of the future heat pump
water heater. The reserved location shall have minimum interior dimensions of
39”x39”x96”,
4. A ventilation method meeting one of the following:
A. The location reserved for the future heat pump water heater shall have a
minimum volume of 700 cu. ft.,
B. The location reserved for the future heat pump water heater shall vent to
a communicating space in the same pressure boundary via permanent
openings with a minimum total net free area of 250 sq. in., so that the
total combined volume connected via permanent openings is 700 cu. ft.
or larger. The permanent openings shall be:
i. Fully louvered doors with fixed louvers consisting of a single layer
of fixed flat slats; or
ii. Two permanent fixed openings, consisting of a single layer of fixed
flat slat louvers or grilles, one commencing within 12 inches from
the top of the enclosure and one commencing within 12 inches from
the bottom of the enclosure.
C. The location reserved for the future heat pump water heater shall include
two 8” capped ducts, venting to the building exterior.
i. All ducts connections and building penetrations shall be sealed.
ii. Exhaust air ducts and all ducts which cross pressure boundaries shall
be insulated to a minimum insulation level of R‐6.
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ATTACHMENT B
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iii. Airflow from termination points shall be diverted away from each
other.
All mechanical components shall be installed in accordance with the California
Mechanical Code.
(e) Central Heat Pump Water Heater Electric Ready. Water heating systems using gas or
propane to serve multiple dwelling units shall meet the requirements of 160.9(f) and
include the following for the future heat pump:
1. The system input capacity of the gas or propane water heating system shall be
determined as the sum of the input gas or propane capacity of all water heating
devices associated with each gas or propane water heating system.
2. Space reserved shall include:
A. Heat Pump. The minimum space reserved shall include space for service
clearances, air flow clearances, and keep outs and shall meet one of the
following:
i. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is less
than 200,000 BTU/HR, the minimum space reserved for the heat
pump shall be 2.0 square feet per input 10,000 Btu/ HR of the gas or
propane water heating system, and the minimum linear dimension of
the space reserved shall be 48 linear inches.
ii. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is greater
than or equal to 200,000 BTU/HR, the minimum space reserved for
the heat pump shall be 3.6 square feet per input 10,000 Btu/ HR of
the gas or propane water heating system, and the minimum linear
dimension of the space reserved shall be 84 linear inches.
iii. The space reserved shall be the space required for a heat pump water
heater system that meets the total building hot water demand as
calculated and documented by the responsible person associated
with the project.
B. Tanks. The minimum space reserved shall include space for service
clearances and keep outs and shall meet one of the following:
i. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is less
than 200,000 BTU/HR, the minimum space reserved for the storage
and temperature maintenance tanks shall be 4.4 square feet per input
10,000 BTU/HR. of the gas or propane water heating system.
ii. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is greater
than or equal to 200,000 BTU/HR, the minimum physical space
reserved for the storage and temperature maintenance tanks shall be
3.1 square feet per input 10,000 BTU/HR. of the gas or propane water
heating system.
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ATTACHMENT B
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iii. The space reserved shall be the space required for a heat pump water
heater system that meets the total building hot water demand as
calculated and documented by the responsible person associated
with the project.
3. Ventilation shall be provided by meeting one of the following:
A. Physical space reserved for the heat pump shall be located outside, or
B. A pathway shall be reserved for future routing of supply and exhaust air
via ductwork from the reserved heat pump location to an appropriate
outdoor location. Penetrations through the building envelope for louvers
and ducts shall be planned and identified for future use. The reserved
pathway and penetrations through the building envelope shall be sized to
meet one of the following:
i. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is less
than 200,000 BTU/HR, the minimum air flow rate shall be 70 CFM per
input 10,000 BTU/HR of the gas or propane water heating system and
the total external static pressure drop of ductwork and louvers shall
not exceed 0.17” when the future heat pump water heater is installed.
ii. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is greater
than or equal to 200,000 BTU/HR, the minimum air flow rate shall be
420 CFM per input 10,000 BTU/HR of the gas or propane water
heating system and the total external static pressure drop of
ductwork and louvers shall not exceed 0.17” when the future heat
pump water heater is installed.
iii. The reserved pathway and penetrations shall be sized to serve a
heat pump water heater system that meets the total building hot
water demand as calculated and documented by the responsible
person associated with the project.
All mechanical components shall be installed in accordance with the California
Mechanical Code.
4. Condensate drainage piping. An approved receptacle that is sized in accordance
with the California Plumbing Code to receive the condensate drainage shall be
installed within 3 feet of the reserved heat pump location, or piping shall be
installed from within 3 feet of the reserved heat pump location to an approved
discharge location that is sized in accordance with the California Plumbing Code,
and meets one of the following:
A. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is less than
200,000 BTU/HR, condensate drainage shall be sized for 0.2 tons of
refrigeration capacity per input 10,000 BTU/HR.
B. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is greater
than or equal to 200,000 BTU/HR, condensate drainage shall be sized for
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0.7 tons of refrigeration capacity per input 10,000 BTU/HR.
C. Condensate drainage shall be sized to serve a heat pump water heater
system that meets the total building hot water demand as calculated and
documented by the responsible person associated with the project.
All plumbing components shall be installed in accordance with the California
Plumbing Code.
5. Electrical
A. Physical space shall be reserved on the bus system of the main
switchboard or on the bus system of a distribution board to serve the
future heat pump water heater system including the heat pump and
temperature maintenance tanks. In addition, the physical space reserved
shall be capable of providing adequate power to the future heat pump
water heater as follows:
i. Heat Pump. For the Heat Pump, the physical space reserved shall
comply with one of the following:
A. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is
less than 200,000 BTU/HR, provide 0.1 kVA per input 10,000
BTU/HR.
B. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is
greater than or equal to 200,000 BTU/HR, provide 1.1 kVA per
input 10,000 Btu/HR.
C. The physical space reserved supplies sufficient electrical power
required to power a heat pump water heater system that meets
the total building hot water demand as calculated and
documented by the responsible person associated with the
project.
All electric components shall be installed in accordance with the California
Electrical Code.
ii. Temperature Maintenance Tank. For the Temperature Maintenance
Tank, the physical space reserved shall comply with one of the
following:
A. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is
less than 200,000 BTU/HR, provide 1.0 kVA per input 10,000
BTU/HR.
B. If the system input capacity of the gas water heating system is
greater than or equal to 200,000 BTU/HR, provide 0.6 kVA per
input 10,000 BTU/HR.
C. The physical space reserved supplies sufficient electrical
power required to power a heat pump water heater system
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ATTACHMENT B
0280100_KB2_20230523_CA
that meets the total building hot water demand as calculated
and documented by the responsible person associated with
the project.
(f) The building electrical system shall be sized to meet the future electric requirements
of the electric ready equipment specified in sections 160.9 (a) ‐ (e). To meet this
requirement the building main service conduit, the electrical system to the point
specified in each subsection, and any on‐site distribution transformers shall have
sufficient capacity to supply full rated amperage at each electric ready appliance in
accordance with the California Electric Code.
16.17.160 SUBCHAPTER 11 MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS — PERFORMANCE AND PRESCRIPTIVE
COMPLIANCE APPROACHES
SECTION 170.1 PERFORMANCE APPROACH
Section 170.1 of Subchapter 11 of the California Energy Code is amended to read:
Subsections 170.1 (a) – (c) are adopted without modification.
A newly constructed building or substantial remodel complies with the performance approach if
the TDV energy budget calculated for the proposed design building under Subsection (b) is no
greater than the TDV energy budget calculated for the Standard Design Building under Subsection
(a). Additionally,
1. Low‐Rise Multifamily: The energy budget, expressed in terms of source energy, of a
newly constructed low‐rise multifamily building (less than four habitable stories) shall
be at least 9% lower than that of the Standard Design Building.
2. High‐Rise Multifamily: Newly Constructed high‐rise multifamily buildings (greater
than four habitable stories) shall be at least 1% lower than that of the Standard Design
Building.
3. Compliance demonstration requirements for performance standards. Section
170.1(d)1 is modified to add subsection is as follows:
i. Certificate of Compliance. The Certificate of Compliance is prepared and
signed by a Certified Energy Analyst and the Total Energy Design Rating of the
Proposed Design shall be no greater than the Standard Design Building.
16.17.170 Infeasibility Exemption.
(a) Exemption. If an applicant for a Covered Project believes that circumstances exist that
makes it infeasible to meet the requirements of this Chapter, the applicant may request
an exemption as set forth below. In applying for an exemption, the burden is on the
Applicant to show infeasibility.
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(b) Application. If an applicant for a Covered Project believes such circumstances exist, the
applicant may apply for an exemption at the time of application submittal in accordance
with the Planning and Development Services administrative guidelines. The applicant
shall indicate the maximum threshold of compliance the energy compliance design
professional believes is feasible for the covered project and the circumstances that make
it infeasible to fully comply with this Chapter. Circumstances that constitute infeasibility
include, but are not limited to the following:
(1) There is conflict with the compatibility of the currently adopted California Building
Standards Code;
(2) There is a lack of commercially available materials and technologies to comply
with the requirements of this Chapter;
Applying the requirements of this Chapter would effectuate an unconstitutional
taking of property or otherwise have an unconstitutional application to the property.
(c) Granting of Exemption. If the Director of Planning and Development Services, or
designee, determines that it is infeasible for the applicant to fully meet the requirements
of this Chapter based on the information provided, the Director, or designee, shall
determine the maximum feasible threshold of compliance reasonably achievable for the
project. The decision of the Director, or designee, shall be provided to the applicant in
writing. If an exemption is granted, the applicant shall be required to comply with this
Chapter in all other respects and shall be required to achieve, in accordance with this
Chapter, the threshold of compliance determined to be achievable by the Director or
designee.
(d) Denial of Exemption. If the Director of Planning and Development Services or designee
determines that it is reasonably possible for the applicant to fully meet the requirements
of this Chapter, the request shall be denied, and the Director or designee shall so notify
the applicant in writing. The project and compliance documentation shall be modified to
comply with this Chapter prior to further review of any pending planning or building
application.
(e) Council Review of Exemption. For any covered project that requires review and action by
the City Council, the Council shall act to grant or deny the exemption, based on the criteria
outlined above, after recommendation by the Director of Planning and Development
Services.
16.17.180 Appeal.
(a) Any aggrieved Applicant may appeal the determination of the Director of Planning and
Development Services or designee regarding the granting or denial of an exemption
pursuant to 16.17.170.
(b) Any appeal must be filed in writing with the Planning and Development Services
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ATTACHMENT B
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Department not later than fourteen (14) days after the date of the determination by the
Director. The appeal shall state the alleged error or reason for the appeal.
(c) The appeal shall be processed and considered by the City Council in accordance with the
provisions of Section 18.77.070 (f) of the City of Palo Alto Municipal Code.
SECTION 3. The Council adopts the findings for local amendments to the California Green Building
Standards Code, 2022 Edition, attached hereto as Exhibit “A” and incorporated herein by
reference.
SECTION 4. If any section, subsection, clause or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held
to be invalid, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion or sections of the
Ordinance. The Council hereby declares that it should have adopted the Ordinance and each
section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase thereof irrespective of the fact that any one or
more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses or phrases be declared invalid.
SECTION 5. The Council finds that this ordinance is exempt from the provisions of the California
Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”), pursuant to Section 15061 of the CEQA Guidelines, because
it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the amendments herein adopted will
have a significant effect on the environment and Section 15308, because the amendments herein
adopted is an action taken by the City to assure the maintenance, restoration, enhancement, or
protection of the environment .
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ATTACHMENT B
0280100_KB2_20230523_CA
SECTION 6. This Ordinance shall be effective on the thirty‐first day after the date of its adoption.
INTRODUCED:
PASSED:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST:
City Clerk Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM: APPROVED:
Chief Assistant City Attorney City Manager
Director of Planning and
Development Services
Director of Administrative Services
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ATTACHMENT B
0280100_KB2_20230523_CA
Exhibit A
FINDINGS FOR LOCAL AMENDMENTS TO CALIFORNIA ENERGY CODE, 2022 EDITION
TITLE 24, PART 6
Section 17958 of the California Health and Safety Code provides that the City may make changes
to the provisions of the California Building Standards Code. Sections 17958.5 and 17958.7 of the
Health and Safety Code require that for each proposed local change to those provisions of the
California Building Standards Code which regulate buildings used for human habitation, the City
Council must make findings supporting its determination that each such local change is reasonably
necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical conditions.
Regarding the Energy Code, local jurisdictions have the authority to adopt local energy
efficiency ordinances—or reach codes—that exceed the minimum standards defined by Title 24
(as established by Public Resources Code Section 25402.1(h)2 and Section 10‐106 of the
Building Energy Efficiency Standards, provided the City Council finds that the requirements of
the proposed ordinance are cost‐effective and do not result in buildings consuming more
energy than is permitted by Title 24.
Local building regulations having the effect of amending the uniform codes, which were adopted
by the City prior to November 23, 1970, were unaffected by the regulations of Sections 17958,
17958.5 and 17958.7 of the Health and Safety Code. Therefore, amendments to the uniform
codes which were adopted by the City Council prior to November 23, 1970 and have been carried
through from year to year without significant change, need no required findings. Also,
amendments to provisions not regulating buildings used for human habitation do not require
findings.
Code: California Energy Code, Title 24, Part 6
Chapter(s),
Sections(s),
Appendices
Title Add Deleted Amended Justification
(See below of keys)
100.1 Definitions and Rules of Construction C & E
110.10 (f) Existing tree canopies
130.0 Lighting Systems and Equipment, and Electrical Power Distribution Systems ‐ General
C & E
130.6 Electric Readiness Requirements for Systems Using Gas or Propane
C & E
140.0 Performance and Prescriptive Compliance Approaches
C & E
140.1 Performance Approach: Energy Budgets C & E
150.0 Mandatory Features and Devices C & E
150.1 Performance and Prescriptive Compliance Approaches for Single‐Family Residential Buildings
C & E
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0280100_KB2_20230523_CA
150.1 (b) 3A i Certificate of Compliance
160.4 (a) Mandatory Requirements for Water Heating Systems
C & E
160.9 Mandatory Requirements for Electric Ready Buildings
C & E
170.1 Performance Approach C & E
Infeasibility Exemption A
Appeal A
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ATTACHMENT B
0280100_KB2_20230523_CA
Key to Justification for Amendments to Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations
A This is an administrative amendment to clarify and establish civil and administrative
procedures, regulations, or rules to enforce and administer the activities by the Palo Alto
Building Inspection Department. These administrative amendments do not need to meet
HSC 18941.5/17958/13869 per HSC 18909(c).
C This amendment is justified on the basis of a local climatic condition. The seasonal
climatic conditions during the late summer and fall create severe fire hazards to the public
health and welfare in the City. The hot, dry weather frequently results in wild land fires
on the brush covered slopes west of Interstate 280. The aforementioned conditions
combined with the geological characteristics of the hills within the City create hazardous
conditions for which departure from California Energy Code is required. Failure to address
and significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could result in rises in sea level,
including in San Francisco Bay, that could put at risk Palo Alto homes and businesses,
public facilities, and Highway 101 (Bayshore Freeway), particularly the mapped Flood
Hazard areas of the City. Energy efficiency is a key component in reducing GHG emissions,
and the construction of more energy efficient buildings can help Palo Alto reduce its share
of the GHG emissions that contribute to climate change. The burning of fossil fuels used
in the generation of electric power and heating of buildings contributes to climate change,
which could result in rises in sea level, including in San Francisco Bay, that could put at
risk Palo Alto homes and businesses 1 public facilities, and Highway 101. Due to a
decrease in annual rainfall, Palo Alto experiences the effect of drought and water saving
more than some other communities in California.
E Energy efficiency enhances the public health and welfare by promoting the
environmental and economic health of the City through the design, construction,
maintenance, operation, and deconstruction of buildings and sites by incorporating green
practices into all development. The provisions in this Chapter are designed to achieve the
following goals:
(a) Increase energy efficiency in buildings;
(b) Increase resource conservation;
(c) Provide durable buildings that are efficient and economical to own and operate;
(d) Promote the health and productivity of residents, workers, and visitors to the city;
(e) Recognize and conserve the energy embodied in existing buildings; and
(f) Reduce disturbance of natural ecosystems.
G This amendment is justified on the basis of a local geological condition. The City of Palo
Alto is subject to earthquake hazards caused by its proximity to San Andreas fault. This
fault runs from Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma
Prieta earthquake, then on up the San Francisco Peninsula, then offshore at Daly City near
Mussel Rock. This is the approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco
earthquake. The other fault is the Hayward Fault. This fault is about 74 mi long, situated
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ATTACHMENT B
0280100_KB2_20230523_CA
mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay. Both of
these faults are considered major Northern California earthquake faults which may
experience rupture at any time. Thus, because the City is within a seismic area that
includes these earthquake faults, the modifications and changes cited herein are designed
to better limit property damage as a result of seismic activity and to establish criteria for
repair of damaged properties following a local emergency.
T The City of Palo Alto topography includes hillsides with narrow and winding access, which
makes timely response by fire suppression vehicles difficult. Palo Alto is contiguous with
the San Francisco Bay, resulting in a natural receptor for storm and waste water run‐off.
Also the City of Palo Alto is located in an area that is potentially susceptible to liquefaction
during a major earthquake. The surface condition consists mostly of stiff to dense sandy
clay, which is highly plastic and expansive in nature. The aforementioned conditions
within the City create hazardous conditions for which departure from California Building
Standards Codes is warranted.