HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 2310-21808.Approval of proposed changes to the Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline Administration
Policy
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City Council
Staff Report
From: City Manager
Report Type: CONSENT CALENDAR
Lead Department: City Auditor
Meeting Date: November 13, 2023
Report #:2310-2180
TITLE
Approval of proposed changes to the Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline Administration Policy
RECOMMENDATION
The Policy and Services Committee and the City Auditor recommend that the City Council
approve the proposed changes to the Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline Administration Policy.
BACKGROUND
Section 53087.6 of the California Government Code1 authorizes an appointed city auditor to
“maintain a whistleblower hotline to receive calls from persons who have information
regarding fraud, waste, or abuse by local government employees” after obtaining approval of
the City Council prior to establishing the whistleblower hotline. In May 2013, the City Council
adopted the “City Employee Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline Administration Policy” (“Hotline
Policy”) after an 18-month pilot program to establish an employee-only fraud, waste, and abuse
hotline. The revised Hotline Policy was approved by the City Council on June 5, 2017.
During the Policy and Services Committee meeting on October 10, 20232, the council members
approved the proposed changes to the Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline Administration Policy
after amending the wording of the proposed changes as described in the Analysis section
below.
MOTION: Council Member Veenker moved, seconded by Council Member Lauing that the
Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline Administration Policy be amended as discussed.
MOTION PASSED: 3-0
1 Section 53087.6 of the California Government Code
https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=53087.6&highlight=true&lawCod
e=GOV&keyword=53087.6F
2 https://cityofpaloalto.primegov.com/Portal/Meeting?meetingTemplateId=12174
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ANALYSIS
The Hotline Policy changes the Office of the City Auditor has proposed and the P&S Committee
amended include:
•Revising the alternative members of the Hotline Review Committee (consisting of City
Manager, City Attorney, and City Auditor) from “Assistant City Manager and Principal
Attorney” to the replacement Committee member who is “selected from a list of 2-3
outside parties, at least one of which is an attorney, with whom the City Council has
contracted on call services” to ensure the alternative member’s objectivity when one of
the Committee members is alleged to be involved in fraud, waste, or abuse.
•Adding a restriction of a Hotline Review Committee member’s access to the City’s
internal hotline complaint system if it involves a hotline committee member.
o The Office of the City Auditor will review the system access controls to ensure
that they support the reporting process.
•Adding a link to report to the California Fair Political Practices Commission when
employees are reporting incidents involving members of the City Council.
FISCAL/RESOURCE IMPACT
City Manager’s Office, City Attorney’s Office, and City Council will potentially incur consultant
costs to comply with these revisions, however, it is anticipated these costs can be absorbed
within existing resource levels.
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
The Office of the City Auditor will work with City Manager and City Attorney to administer the
Hotline in accordance with the Hotline Policy.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Council action on this item is not a project as defined by CEQA because the Auditor task orders
are administrative activities that will not result in direct or indirect physical changes in the
environment. CEQA Guidelines section 15378(b)(5).
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A: Hotline Policy with proposed changes 2023-10-10
APPROVED BY:
Adriane D. McCoy, City Auditor
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Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Administration Policy
City Employee
Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Hotline Administration
Policy
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Table of Contents
1. Objective ....................................................................................................................... 3
2. Structure ....................................................................................................................... 3
3. Hotline Review Committee ........................................................................................... 3
4. Case Management ........................................................................................................ 3
5. Case Dissemination ....................................................................................................... 4
6. Coordination With Human Resources Regarding Its Advice Line .................................. 5
7. Escalation ...................................................................................................................... 5
8. Reporting ...................................................................................................................... 5
9. Discipline ....................................................................................................................... 5
10. Prohibition Against Retaliation ..................................................................................... 6
11. Terms and Definitions ................................................................................................... 6
12. Security of Incident Reports and Associated Reports, Working Papers, and Other
Related Documents....................................................................................................... 6
13. Custody of Investigation Documents ............................................................................ 7
14. Public Requests for Information Regarding All Incident Reports .................................. 7
15. Filing of Malicious Complaints ...................................................................................... 7
16. Advertising the Hotline ................................................................................................. 7
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1. Objective
The primary objective of the City of Palo Alto Fraud, Waste, or Abuse Hotline (“hotline”) is to provide an
anonymous mechanism for employees to report fraud, waste, or abuse that directly relates to the City
of Palo Alto.
City employees who have specific information that other City employees or contractors have engaged in
fraud, waste, or abuse are encouraged to report such information through the normal chain of
command, which includes their immediate supervisor, manager, department head, Human Resources,
and the City Manager’s Office (CMO); or to the Office of the City Auditor. However, there may be certain
circumstances where an employee believes it is necessary to remain anonymous or prefers for other
reasons to report directly through the hotline. The hotline provides a method whereby employees can
choose to remain anonymous when reporting such incidents over the phone to a third- party interviewer
or via an anonymous web form. The City believes that anonymity is a last resort and should only be used
after other reporting methods have been attempted or when the employee has a reasonable good faith
belief that it is necessary. Frivolous anonymous calls can undermine the effectiveness of the hotline. All
reports made regarding fraud, waste, or abuse should be made seriously and with due professional care.
2. Structure
The hotline is hosted by an independent, third-party provider (vendor) contracted by the City. The
vendor provides the option for callers to provide information over the hotline anonymously. The vendor
issues an incident report for each call and submits the incident reports for review and referral. The
vendor provides offsite hotline coverage 24/7/365 and live interviewers who obtain the information
deemed necessary to verify and process the complaints. This information is then transcribed into an
incident report that is housed in the vendor-hosted case management system.
3. Hotline Review Committee
The Hotline Review Committee (“Committee”) is composed of the following members or their
designees: the City Auditor, the City Manager, and the City Attorney. The alternative member of the
Committee, when an incident report involves the City Manager or the City Attorney, shall be selected
from a list of 2-3 outside parties, at least one of which is an attorney, with whom the City Council has
contracted on call to serve as the replacement Committee member. The Committee meets as needed to
review all activity related to the hotline. The objectives of the Committee are to review all incident
reports, determine whether an incident report should be investigated, assign incident reports to the
appropriate department unit, or external investigator for investigation, ensure that incident reports
that are assigned for investigation are adequately investigated, and address any trends in activity or
weaknesses in City policies that require corrective action to be taken. Duplicate reports or reports that
do not suggest fraud, waste, or abuse may be closed without further investigation.
4. Case Management
The vendor’s online case management system allows for all hotline reports to be recorded, updated and
tracked in one centralized system to ensure that all reports are addressed appropriately and that the
outcomes are consistent. All incident reports are maintained in the secured case management system.
The specified department case manager should periodically update the Office of the City Auditor
regarding the status of the investigation. The Office of the City Auditor administers the case management
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system, and updates it to reflect the investigation status and outcomes. User access is limited to the
Hotline Review Committee members and the hotline administrator in the Office of the City Auditor. If an
incident report involves any of the Committee members, s/he will not have access to the City’s internal
hotline complaint system.
5. Case Dissemination
Within 24 hours after entering a call as an incident report and logging it into the case management
system, the vendor sends the report electronically to the appropriate contacts at the Office of the City
Auditor for preliminary review. The Office of the City Auditor will triage the report to determine if
immediate action may be necessary. If immediate action appears necessary, the Office of the City
Auditor will contact the Hotline Review Committee, which will decide whether to initiate an
investigation. Incident reports requiring immediate action include those involving possible fraud, waste,
or abuse by City executives, or other incidents based on the judgment of the Hotline Review Committee.
All other cases will be referred to the Hotline Review Committee to review. These reviews should occur
within five business days.
If an incident report involves one or more members of the Hotline Review Committee, those individuals
shall be excluded from any decisions or activities related to the review and/or investigation of that
incident report. If this occurs, an Assistant City Manager or the Principal the replacement Committee
member who is selected from a list of 2-3 outside parties, at least one of which is an attorney, with
whom the City Council has contracted on callAttorney either the Chief Assistant City Attorney or (as
appropriate under the circumstances) will act as the third alternative member of the Hotline Review
Committee to ensure there is appropriate oversight of the review and investigation of the incident
report.
Because the members of the Hotline Review Committee are appointed by the City Council, the hotline
will not accept incidents involving members of the City Council. Employees reporting these types of
complaints will be referred to the California Fair Political Practices Commission (by filing a complaint via
Electronic Complaint System available in their web site at https://www.fppc.ca.gov/enforcement/file-a-
complaint.html), the District Attorney’s Office, or other appropriate outside agency, depending upon
the nature of the complaint.
The Hotline Review Committee will determine the best approach for investigating an incident report and
an appropriate timeline for completing the investigation. When the Hotline Review Committee
determines that an incident report should be forwarded to a department for investigation, it will be
forwarded to the department director, who may investigate it himself or herself, or assign it to another
person in the department for investigation. Hotline complaints that allege criminal activity will be
forwarded to the Palo Alto Police Department for consideration for investigation in consultation with the
Hotline Review Committee. Investigations should include techniques appropriate for the alleged fraud,
waste, or abuse, such as interviews with witnesses, technical experts, and the subjects of the
investigation; and examination of documents such as files, e- mails, contracts, vouchers, payroll records,
and reports.
The director is responsible for keeping the Hotline Review Committee updated regarding the status of
the investigation. When the investigation is completed, the director will forward a copy of the
completed report to the Hotline Review Committee, which will review the report to determine that the
investigative steps were appropriate and that the recommended outcome is sufficiently supported and
formally close the incident report. The Hotline Review Committee may decline to investigate complaints
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that do not fall within the definition of fraud, waste, or abuse, but may refer them to a department for
other follow up.
As the hotline administrator, the Office of the City Auditor will be responsible for:
Disseminating incident reports to the appropriate department or external investigator for
investigation, as determined by the Hotline Review Committee, and providing the timeline for
completing the investigation.
Monitoring the status of all incident reports referred to other departments, units, or an
external investigator for investigation and their outcomes.
Conducting an independent investigation of reported incidents when appropriate.
Monitoring the timeliness of department responses based on timeframes established by the
Hotline Review Committee.
Closing incident reports in the case management system after the Hotline Review Committee’s
final review.
6. Coordination With Human Resources
The Hotline Review Committee will coordinate with the Human Resources Department to identify the
types of issues that are more appropriately categorized as “personnel” issues and should be referred to
the Human Resources Department for resolution rather than investigated through the hotline process.
7. Escalation
An incident is designated for escalation if there is an imminent or significant threat of actual harm to
employees, customers, or operations. When a report is designated for escalation by the vendor, they
shall immediately call the appropriate designated contact(s) provided by the City. Escalation contacts
include the members of the Hotline Review Committee and their designees.
8. Reporting
The case management system allows for customized reporting of incidents reported to the hotline. The
Office of the City Auditor will provide a summary report of complaints received by the hotline to the City
Council in the Office of the City Auditor’s quarterly reports. The summaries will generally include:
• The number of reports made to the hotline and their status (i.e., open or closed).
• The general types of complaints received.
• Any trends in the types of complaints received.
• A general description of corrective action taken by City management as a result
of a complaint received.
9. Discipline
If an investigation concludes that fraud, waste, or abuse occurred, the City Manager, or designee, shall
take appropriate corrective action to resolve the issue and prevent recurrence. Corrective action could
include, for example, disciplinary action, training, new or revised procedures, reorganization or
reassignments, referrals to outside agencies (such as the District Attorney, Fair Political Practices
Commission, or other enforcement agency), or amendment or termination of contracts.
10. Prohibition Against Retaliation
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No department or employee shall take any adverse action or retaliate against any employee for making
a report to the hotline (except as provided in “Filing of Malicious Complaints,” below). Additionally, no
reprisal shall be taken against any employee who participates in any manner in the investigation and
disposition of a hotline incident report.
This Prohibition Against Retaliation is a statement of City policy. It is not intended to and shall not
create a private right of action enforceable in state or federal court on behalf of any person, against the
City or any employee, for equitable relief or damages.
11. Terms and Definitions
Under California law, the term "fraud, waste, or abuse" means any activity by a local agency or
employee that is undertaken in the performance of the employee's official duties, including activities
deemed to be outside the scope of his or her employment, that:
Is in violation of any local, state, or federal law or regulation relating to:
o Corruption
o Malfeasance
o Bribery
o Theft of government property
o Fraudulent claims
o Fraud
o Coercion
o Conversion
o Malicious prosecution
o Misuse of government property
o Willful omission to perform duty
Is economically wasteful
Involves gross misconduct
12. Security of Incident Reports and Associated Reports, Working Papers, and
Other Related Documents
Incident reports, associated reports, working papers, and other documents referring to or
describing incident reports, which are received either through the hotline, by mail, or e-mail shall
remain confidential to the extent allowed by law.
Incident reports and associated case numbers shall only be provided to individuals who are
responsible and essential for conducting the investigation or reviewing of the incident report.
These individuals are required to hold such information in confidence, to the extent allowed by
law.
The confidentiality of all incident reports, associated reports, working papers, and other
documents shall be maintained at all times by the City Auditor and investigating/reviewing
departments, who shall take such measures as they determine are reasonable and necessary to
maintain the confidentiality of such information and documents, to the extent allowed by law.
City Staff responsible for reviewing/investigating incident reports can make investigative
disclosures of information contained in an incident report to the extent necessary for obtaining
additional information relevant to the investigation.
The Hotline Review Committee is authorized to determine the distribution or release of any
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incident reports, associated reports, working papers, other documents and correspondence
associated thereto, in accordance with the California Public Records Act and other applicable law.
The City Council may, at their discretion, authorize the release of information relative to
substantiated incident reports.
13. Custody of Investigation Documents
The City Auditor shall maintain custody of incident reports, associated reports, working papers, emails,
and all other pertinent information regarding any investigations of incident reports. Other parties
involved in the investigation shall also retain their own documentation. All such documents shall be
retained and or disposed of in accordance with applicable document retention policies of the City.
14. Public Requests for Information Regarding All Incident Reports
All requests for information concerning any incident report shall be directed to the City Auditor for a
response. The City Auditor, with the guidance of the Hotline Review Committee, shall respond to such
requests as permissible and in accordance with applicable state law and City policy, rules and
regulations.
Departments shall notify the City Auditor of any Public Records Act or other requests for information or
documents regarding incident reports received through the City Auditor or the hotline.
15. Filing of Malicious Complaints
The City will not tolerate malicious complaints. The processing of a complaint/concern requires staff
time and attention regardless of its appropriateness. Complaints/concerns will not be considered
malicious merely because they are determined to be unsubstantiated. A malicious complaint/concern is
one that is made in bad faith or with knowledge that the complaint entirely lacks any factual basis.
Malicious complaints may result in disciplinary action in accordance with applicable City policies and
procedures, up to and including termination from employment.
16. Advertising the Hotline
The Office of the City Auditor will periodically communicate to City staff information regarding the
hotline. The communication may be in the form of printed materials, including posters, flyers, and/or
wallet cards, or via a citywide email to employees. The Office of the City Auditor should educate
employees regarding the types of issues that are appropriate for the hotline and those that should be
addressed in another manner, such as through the Human Resources Department.