HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 14664
City of Palo Alto (ID # 14664)
City Council Staff Report
Report Type: Information Reports Meeting Date: 9/19/2022
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Summary Title: Condominium Conversion Report
Title: Rental Residential Vacancy Rate Determination for Three or More
Dwelling Units for 1st Half of 2022
From: City Manager
Lead Department: Planning and Development Services
Recommendation:
This is an informational report and City Council action is not required.
Executive Summary:
This staff report transmits the biannual reporting of the vacancy rates of three1 or more
residential rental units for May of 2022. The vacancy rate is 1.16%. When the vacancy rate is
less than the 3% threshold, applications to convert residential rental units to ownership units
through the subdivision process are not eligible for consideration.
Background:
Planning and Development Services (PDS) Department staff prepares the Residential Vacancy
Rate Determination Report twice per year to meet the requirements of Palo Alto Municipal
Code (PAMC) Section 21.40.040, Determination of Vacancy Rate and Surplus. Section 21.40.040
states the following:
“In April and November of each year, the director of planning and community
environment shall determine from the city utility meter records the vacancy rate and the
vacancy surplus, if any, within the city limits. New market-priced rental units available to
the general public, for which a certificate of use and occupancy has been issued since the
last vacancy survey, shall be added on a unit-for-unit basis either to reduce the vacancy
deficiency or to increase the vacancy surplus”.
1 Three or more housing units on the same parcel of land are considered Multiple Family Residential housing
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All conversions involving a change in the type of ownership of three or more rental units are
subject to the provisions of this chapter. Vacancy surplus is defined as the number of rental
units being offered for rent or lease in excess of the 3% vacancy rate.
No tentative or preliminary parcel map application for a subdivision for condominium purposes,
created from a conversion from rental units, may be filed with and/or considered by the city
unless there is a vacancy surplus of 3% or more as of the most recent determination pursuant
to Section 21.40.040.
The Planning and Development Services Department has records of tracking the three-plus
units’ rental vacancy rate since 2002. Historically, the vacancy rate varied from 1.2% to 1.9%.
Discussion:
The purpose of the ordinance requiring this report is to seek a reasonable balance of rental and
ownership housing in the city in a variety of individual choices of tenure, type, price, and
location of housing. It is also to protect the supply of multi-family rental housing stock in the
city for low- and moderate-income families. Finally, it is intended to help reduce and avoid
displacement of tenants, particularly seniors and
families.
Staff prepares this report using various data sources. As per PAMC Section 21.40.040, staff uses
the City of Palo Alto’s utility meter records to access the total number of “active” multi-family
apartments. The Bureau of the Census Decennial 2010 data is used as a baseline for the total
rental stock data in Palo Alto. Changes (addition or demolition) to the total rental dwelling unit
stock are tracked by staff biannually using building permit issuance data. Both data points are
used to generate the vacancy rate.
In 2021, staff initiated a data reconciliation effort to increase the accuracy of the database. Staff
from Utilities, Information Technology (IT), and Planning & Development Services (PDS)
collaborated to ‘join,’ relate, and refine the Utilities account database to the Geographic
Information System (GIS) database system. In the report produced in March of 2021 for the
calendar year 2020, the data reconciliation work was still in progress and the generated data
was less accurate. Since then, further refinement and quality control in the data set was
completed leading to a cleaner and more dependable data set.
Updated Utilities Database
In November 2020, the City’s Utility Department upgraded its legacy data recording system.
This major system upgrade was necessary to accommodate data storage and software issues.
For this upgrade, some data reconciliation and refinements were made to the old data
recording system, enabling staff to take advantage of data points previously unavailable. This
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resulted in a more precise dataset relative to the previous year's reporting in the legacy system
used prior to November 2020.
The system upgrades permitted address reconciliation between the Utility accounts database
and the City’s GIS address database. This significant cross-department work effort created a link
between certain attributes or data points in the City’s GIS and the Utility account database. This
‘linkage’ facilitated a more accurate unit count focused on rental multifamily utility accounts
instead of all multifamily accounts, which includes ownership/condominium type and rental
multifamily utility accounts. The collaboration successfully identified most Utility accounts
associated with 3+ rental units; for various reasons, not all accounts could be identified (e.g.,
GIS address may not exactly match Utility account addresses on corner lots or address
formatting discrepancies between GIS address and Utility account databases). Staff will
continue to research discrepancies on a case-by-case basis to further enhance both datasets.
During this effort, staff also recognized that several multi-family residential (MFR, 3+ units)
rental housing utility accounts have one utility meter for all rental units (e.g., 657 Everett
Middlefield Rd) or individual unit accounts that were always billed or invoiced to the property
manager or owner regardless if the unit is occupied or vacant (e.g., senior housing apartment
units).
Some MFR (3+) rental housing units’ individual utility accounts also have been ‘inactive’ or have
not had a utility bill for some time. It is difficult to determine whether the unit associated with
the account is vacant or is no longer available to rent; in other words, ‘taken off the rental
market’ altogether. These variations between the GIS and Utility account datasets help clarify
the discrepancy between the estimated number of 3+ rental housing units (~8,057) and the
number of ‘identified’ active Utility accounts in 3+ rental housing (~4,639).
Latest Vacancy Rate
For the May 2022 data reporting cycle, the multifamily rental vacancy number is 1.16% percent
(based on reconciled data source). Applications to convert residential rental units to ownership
units through the subdivision process are not eligible for consideration at this time since the
vacancy rate is less than the 3% threshold.
Table 1: Average Annual Rental Vacancy Rates
Year
Estimated
Housing
Units
Estimated Vacancy Rate
(yearly average of biannual
report)
Estimated
Vacant Units
2015 7,901 1.22% 92
2016 7,912 1.45% 118
2017 7,928 1.58% 131
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2018 7,928 1.52% 132
2019 7,931 1.83% 141
2020 8,057 2.8% 226
2021 8,057 1.13% 91*
2022
(thru May 2022) 8,057 1.16% 93
*03/21/2022 Condo Conversion report had a typographical error. The correct value for
Estimated Vacant Units for 2021 is 91.
Policy Implications:
This report is prepared as a requirement for Municipal Code 21.40.040 and provides
information on the City’s rental vacancy rate and whether conversion from rental housing to
ownership condominium units is permitted. Based on recent data, conversions are not
permitted at this time.
Resource Impact:
Planning staff prepare this report biannually and there are no resource impacts.
Timeline:
This informational memo is prepared twice a year for Planning division staff use. The previous
report, discussing estimated vacancy rate for calendar year 2021, was delayed due to the
updated Utilities database discussed above and completed in March 2022. The next report will
be prepared in November/December 2022.