HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 14650
City of Palo Alto (ID # 14650)
City Council Staff Report
Meeting Date: 9/12/2022 Report Type: Study Session
City of Palo Alto Page 1
Title: Report and Discussion on Valley Water’s Purified Water Project
Including Location of the Advanced Water Purification Facility at the Former
Los Altos Treatment Plant Site, Reverse Osmosis Concentrate Management,
Upcoming Agreements and Decisions
From: City Manager
Lead Department: Public Works
Recommendation
This is a study session, and no action is required from Council at this time.
Background
The purpose of this study session is to provide the Council with a status update on the City’s
efforts with the Santa Clara Valley Water District and the City of Mountain View to improve the
quality of recycled water produced by the Regional Water Quality Control Plant (RWQCP) and
increase water reuse in the region.
Local Salt Removal Facility: Improving Existing Recycled Water Quality at the RWQCP
The RWQCP treats wastewater from six communities, including Palo Alto. Currently, much of
the treated effluent is discharged into the Bay rather than being reused. The RWQCP produces
and distributes approximately 230 million gallons per year of tertiary-treated recycled water to
the City of Mountain View, several City-owned parks and facilities, and a commercial truck fill
standpipe at the RWQCP. Following public concerns regarding the irrigation of redwood trees
and other salt-sensitive species with recycled water, the City prepared an Environmental Impact
Report (EIR) focused on water quality issues and salinity impacts. On January 25, 2010, Council
approved the Recycled Water Salinity Reduction Policy (Staff Report ID #111:10, Resolution
9035), including a goal of reducing the recycled water total dissolved solids level to 600 parts
per million. In 2017, Valley Water, Palo Alto, and Mountain View finalized a feasibility study and
the preliminary design report for a local salt removal facility (Staff Report ID #10627).
Highly treated water produced by the local salt removal facility would benefit landscapes
currently irrigated with recycled water in Palo Alto, enable Palo Alto to expand its non-potable
distribution system, and/or provide a first step toward small-scale potable water production for
direct or indirect potable reuse in Palo Alto. The local salt removal project was estimated in
2017 to cost approximately $20.0 million. Under the terms of the Agreement, Valley Water will
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contribute $16.0 million (Staff Report ID #10627) toward the design and construction of the
facility with the balance split between Palo Alto and Mountain View at 25% and 75%,
respectively.
Partnership Agreement to Advance Resilient Water Reuse Programs in Santa Clara County
In order to increase the quality of recycled water in Palo Alto and increase water reuse in Santa
Clara County, a Partnership Agreement to Advance Resilient Water Reuse Programs in Santa
Clara County between Valley Water and the Cities of Palo Alto and Mountain View (Agreement)
was executed at the end of 2019 (Staff Report ID # 10627). The Agreement includes three major
components: Partial funding by Valley Water ($16 million) for a local salt removal facility at the
RWQCP; a Valley Water option to use about half of the effluent from the RWQCP to be treated
at a regional purification facility and used elsewhere in the county; and a water supply option
for the cities of Palo Alto and Mountain View to request additional water supply if needed. Palo
Alto agreed to assist with siting a regional purification facility in the City and to make best
efforts to accommodate reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) discharge to the wastewater
treatment plant’s outfall. Per the terms of the Agreement, Valley Water has been making
annual payments of $0.2 million since 2020 for the effluent transfer option. Valley Water will
provide an annual payment of $1.0 million for the effluent once the project is complete.
Another collaborative effort between Valley Water and Palo Alto was the Northwest County
Recycled Water Strategic Plan (Strategic Plan), completed in 2019 and presented to Council on
March 2, 2020 (Staff Report ID # 10913). The Strategic Plan included a preliminary design and
business plan for a recycled water distribution system expansion to customers in the Stanford
Research Park. Variations of the project, contemplating recycled water service to parts of Los
Altos, Los Altos Hills, Mountain View, and East Palo Alto, were also evaluated and compared to
potable reuse alternatives.
Proposed Regional Purified Water Project at the Former Los Altos Treatment Plant Site Area B
The Purified Water Project is part of Valley Water's water resources strategy to provide a
reliable water supply from a variety of sources consistent with its Water Supply Master Plan
2040. Valley Water’s objectives are to:
• Implement an indirect potable reuse supply project that provides 10 million gallons per
day (MGD) production capacity (11,200 AFY, or acre-feet per year) of sustainable water
supply for long-term and future demands.
• Design-construct-operate the project so that it reduces or minimizes environmental
impacts.
• Deliver the project in a manner that is cost-effective and provides value to the
ratepayers.
The Purified Water Project would include the construction of a new advanced regional water
purification facility, associated pump station, and conveyance pipelines. Conveyance will be
needed to move effluent from the RWQCP to the purification facility and from the facility to
Valley Water’s existing Los Gatos Recharge System complex located in the City of Campbell. The
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Valley Water Board of Directors directed Valley Water staff in December 2021 to finalize
agreements with Palo Alto to locate the facility on the City’s property on San Antonio Road (the
former Los Altos Treatment Plant (LATP) site).
Valley Water plans to implement the Purified Water Project via a Public-Private Partnership (P3)
to harness private sector innovation. The benefits to Palo Alto include payments for treated
wastewater and a land lease, as well as increased use of treated wastewater to further regional
sustainability and climate adaptation goals.
Discussion
The Project includes several components and will require extensive coordination between the
participating agencies. The following table outlines the components and the responsibilities of
Valley Water, Palo Alto, and Mountain View.
Project Component Valley Water Role Palo Alto Role Mountain View Role
Local Salt Removal
Facility
-Funding
-Support Valley Water’s
goal to increase recycled
water use within the
County
-Funding
-Design, construction,
operation, and
maintenance; Distribute
enhanced recycled water
-Funding
-Offtake treated water
Regional Advanced Water Purification Facility
• Regional Water
Purification Facility
-Funding, design,
construction, operation,
and maintenance of
project
-Provide effluent
-Receive and discharge
ROC
N/A
• Site Location -Environmental review
and mitigation including
clean-up; wetland
mitigation
-Design
-Lessee for LATP site
-Property Owner
-Negotiate lease
agreement with Valley
Water
N/A
• Pump Station Funding, design,
construction, operation
and maintenance
-Designate location
-Negotiate lease and
operations and
maintenance agreement
with Valley Water
N/A
• Conveyance
system
Funding, design, and
construction
Review and approval Review and approval
• Reverse Osmosis -Co-negotiate with -Co-negotiate with N/A
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Project Component Valley Water Role Palo Alto Role Mountain View Role
Concentrate (ROC) regulators to discharge
at Palo Alto outfall
location
-Assume liability
associated with
discharge of ROC
regulators to discharge at
Palo Alto outfall location
-Determine where ROC will
enter effluent
Regulatory approvals Lead agency on CEQA
and permits for the
Regional Purification
Facility
Coordinate withy lead
federal agency on NEPA
compliance
Support Valley Water
efforts on receiving
regulatory approval
specifically from the
Regional Water Quality
Control Board
N/A
Local Salt Removal Facility at the RWQCP
In 2021, the City of Palo Alto hired Black & Veatch to design the local salt removal facility (Staff
Report ID # 11782). In May 2022, staff received a cost estimate for the 60% design that is
significantly higher than the original estimate developed in in 2017. A comparison of the two
estimates is shown in the table below:
Table 1: SRF Application and 30% Design Cost Estimates
Estimate
SRF Application
(2017)
(10% Project
Definition)
B&V Design Submittal
(2022)
(60% Project
Definition)
Facility 1.125 MGD AWPS 1.125 MGD AWPS
Indexed Dollar Value 2020 2023
Construction Costs
Direct and Contractor Costs $13,904,000 $33,191,000
Design Contingency and Market Volatility $4,900,800 $4,735,000
Escalation $698,200 $1,977,000
Estimated Bid Price $19,503,000 $40,523,000
Other Project Costs
Owner Controlled Change Order
Contingency, Engineering Services,
Construction Management, and Program
Management
$2,850,000 $12,139,000
Total Project Costs $22,353,000 $52,622,000
AACE Estimate Class (Anticipated Bid Price Class 3 (-20% to +30%) Class 3 (-20% to +30%)
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Accuracy)
The updated cost estimate from Black & Veatch reflects the volatility and increases in
construction prices since 2017 and the progression of the design from conceptual level to a
fuller design that includes elements not initially considered. For example, the 60% design
includes modifications of required foundations for the facility that require pile driving rather
than a mat foundation and raising electrical equipment in alignment with the City’s Sea Level
Rise policy requirements.
Because this project will receive some funding from Valley Water ($16.0 million), and
anticipates receiving a WaterSMART: Title XVI WIIN Act Water Reclamation and Reuse Projects
(USBR Grant for $12.9 million) the remainder of the project will be funded three quarters by
Mountain View (approximately $18.5 million) and one quarter by Palo Alto (approximately $6.2
million) if the project moves forward. Mountain View and Valley Water staff are part of the
review process during the design of this project. The 90% design and cost estimate is expected
by the end of September 2022, and the cost estimate will be evaluated prior to moving forward
with construction.
Site Location and Lease of the Regional Water Purification Facility
The proposed site for the regional water purification facility in Palo Alto is the former LATP Area
B site located at the end of San Antonio Road in Palo Alto. The environmental work has
included the delineation of existing wetlands and characterization of hazardous material site
conditions. The geotechnical work included a field exploration to determine soil conditions at
the site. Valley Water and Palo Alto are negotiating a land lease of the 6.4-acre portion of the
larger 13.2-acre LATP for construction of the facility and siting of a pump station at the RWQCP.
A Comprehensive Plan amendment for a portion of the Area B site and a parcel subdivision will
be needed. The lease agreement and operations and maintenance agreements will be
presented to Council for consideration at a future date. The project will be subject to
discretionary review by the Architectural Review Board.
Reverse Osmosis Concentrate Management
Reverse Osmosis is a process that removes minerals, viruses, and other constituents; the same
technology is used to convert seawater into fresh drinking water. The average efficiency of
Reverse Osmosis is 85 percent. That means, for every 100 gallons of treated wastewater
feedwater, the purification facility will produce 85 gallons of purified water and 15 gallons of
Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC). ROC contains all the dissolved constituents that were in
the feedwater already with no chemicals or other constituents added.
Valley Water has been operating a large, advanced water purification facility in San Jose since
2014. The Silicon Valley Advanced Water Purification Center (SVAWPC) is capable of producing
up to 8 MGD of highly purified water. The ROC produced at the SVAWPC is blended with the
wastewater effluent at the San Jose-Santa Clara Regional Wastewater Facility (RWF) and
discharged to the Bay under their existing wastewater permit. This approach has been used
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without any negative environmental impact since 2014. Valley Water is working closely with the
Palo Alto RWQCP staff and the regulators on an approach for discharging the ROC from the
regional water purification facility in Palo Alto in a similar fashion.
The San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Board), which issues the
RWQCP’s discharge permit, has been very supportive of the proposed Water Purification
Project and this blending approach. The Regional Board has concurred with a suite of technical
studies that will be conducted by Valley Water to inform the renewal of the RWQCP’s permit
required to support the ROC discharge. The Regional Board will require further studies and may
require pretreatment of ROC through feasible means in the future, for example horizontal
levees. Palo Alto will ensure risk associated with the discharge of ROC will be borne by Valley
Water in the final ROC management agreement.
Homekey Palo Alto Project
As part of the planning process for the Project, the City recognizes a need to coordinate the
construction and operation of any new facilities with the emergency shelter project that is also
planned for development on another part of the former LATP site (part of Area C).
Last month, the City and its project partner, LifeMoves, received a $26.6 million grant from the
State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for an 88-unit interim
transitional housing shelter on a portion of Area C. The design is reflected in the most recent
documents through the Architectural Review Board on July 21, 2022 (ARB Staff Report 14546).
Staff is working with LifeMoves and Valley Water to ensure that both projects are compatible
on the site. Project Homekey will be located on a portion of Area C of the LATP site whereas the
purification project will be located on Area B (Figures 1 and 2). Staff is working to find a suitable
construction staging area outside of the LATP site, or Valley Water will stage within Area B for
the purification project. The staging area concern will require further discussion during the
project’s design stage.
Staff believes these two projects can coexist since, unlike the RWQCP, the purification plant
does not emit any odors and is relatively quiet. Staff also recognizes a need to address the
impacts associated with the construction of the purification facility. Homekey Palo Alto will be
adjacent to the Greenwaste operation yard, which is another commercial (sorting) facility
currently planned through June 20, 2026, the term of the Greenwaste contract.
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Figure 1. Current use of the old Los Altos Treatment Plant site Area C; Greenwaste and
Homekey Palo Alto will share Area C; Area B is anticipated for the future Valley Water Regional
Purification Facility.
City of Palo Alto Page 8
Figure 2. Potential future layout of Area C with Homekey Palo Alto and Greenwaste Yard.
Timeline
Valley Water’s procurement process is ongoing. A Request for Qualification (RFQ) was released,
and eight statements of qualifications were submitted. Four teams were shortlisted. A Request
for Proposals (RFP) and the draft EIR are anticipated to be released in late 2022. Valley Water’s
preferred tentative timeline is as follows:
• Fall 2022: Decisions by City Council on the LATP site for the regional AWPF and Reverse
Osmosis Concentrate management
• Winter 2023: Initiate Comprehensive Plan amendment and parcel subdivision (City)
• Winter 2023: Final EIR (Valley Water) and approval of lease agreement (City)
• Fall 2023: Selection and contract award (Valley Water)
• 2023 – 2024: Design by selected entity with Valley Water oversight and Palo Alto site
and design review
• 2025-2028: Construction and beginning of operations
Resource Impact
Significant City of Palo Alto staff resources are required in support of the Purified Water Project
including staff from multiple departments including Public Works, Utilities, Administrative
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Services, Planning and Development Services, and the City Attorney’s Office. The project
requires review from the City for the siting of the facility at the Former Los Altos Treatment
Plant site; installing a new pump station at the Regional Water Quality Control Plant;
installation of underground pipes to convey the effluent and reverse osmosis concentrate back
and forth to the RWQCP; and the negotiation with the Regulatory Agency to ensure that Palo
Alto can comply with future permit requirements. Staff is working with Valley Water on a
Reimbursement Agreement with Valley Water to assist staff to comply with the added
workload associated with this project.
Once Valley Water executes the portion of the Partnership Agreement to start treating effluent
from the RWQCP; RWQCP will receive approximately $1.0 million per year that will be divided
by flow share amongst the cities that have committed their effluent, which are currently, Palo
Alto, Mountain View, and Los Altos.
Funding for the current design work on the small salt removal facility at the Regional Water
Quality Control Plant is provided by Capital Improvement Program project WQ-19003,
Advanced Water Purification Facility. The amounts currently budgeted are based on the 2017
conceptual design and will need to be adjusted.
Stakeholder Engagement
Palo Alto and Valley Water staff collaborate on outreach for the project. Valley Water staff
conducted virtual tours of the Silicon Valley Advanced Water Purification Center for several
stakeholder groups in Palo Alto and surrounding area including the following:
• Oshman Family Jewish Community Center
• Palo Alto Fellowship Forum
• Interfaith Peninsula Climate Action Group
• CA League of Cities Peninsula Division (in-person)
• Public Library tours with Palo Alto and Mountain View
• City of Palo Alto Public Works staff
Valley Water presented a Purified Water Project update at the September 2021 City of Palo
Alto Parks and Recreation Committee meeting. Valley Water staff also held informational
meetings with environmental stakeholders in Mountain View and Palo Alto, and faith-based
organizations such as Spark Church, First Congregational Church, Peninsula Bible Church, Etz
Chayim, First Congregational Church, University AME Zion Church, and University Lutheran
Church.
Additionally, Valley Water worked with the Santa Clara County Medical Association (SCCMA) to
coauthor a series of articles on the benefits of Purified Water. In June, SCCMA released a
special Water edition of their medical journal, “The Bulletin” highlighting Purified Water as a
safe and drought-proof source of local water supply. The digital version of the journal can be
accessed here.
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Palo Alto is working with LifeMoves on applying for Project HomeKey funding to locate an
emergency homeless shelter project on a portion of the LATP Area C site. Palo Alto, Valley
Water, and LifeMoves staff are collaborating to ensure compatibility of these neighboring
projects.
In addition, Palo Alto and Valley Water have coordinated on engaging stakeholders on the
environmental review process for the proposed Water Purification Project. Valley Water, acting
as the “lead agency”, has determined that an EIR is required to satisfy the requirements of the
California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The draft EIR will evaluate the proposed project’s
environmental conditions, range of alternatives, potential environmental impacts associated
with the proposed project implementation, and provide mitigation measures. The Notice of
Preparation (NOP) was released on March 19, 2021 and the public scoping meeting was held on
March 29, 2021. Outreach was conducted to encourage attendance at the scoping meeting via
an outreach mailer, announcements at tours of the Silicon Valley Advanced Purification Center,
and continued engagements with staff from the cities of San Jose and Palo Alto to reach key
stakeholder groups. Prior to the release of the NOP, Valley Water staff and consultants met
with the planning department staff of both Palo Alto and San Jose as these cities will be the
responsible agencies under CEQA. Currently, both City’s sites are being evaluated at equal level
of details in the CEQA documentby Valley Water. The Valley Water Board directed staff to focus
on Palo Alto at this time. In the future, Valley Water anticipates that an additional purification
plant will be required to augment future drinking water supplies within Santa Clara County.
The next steps after the NOP will be development a full environmental impact report, which
will focus on the old Los Altos Treatment Plant Site as the proposed site; Palo Alto will be the
responsible agency. Additional coordination will occur prior to release of the EIR.
Environmental Review
This study session is presented for information and discussion purposes only and is therefore
not a project as defined by section 15378 of the CEQA Guidelines.
Valley Water, acting as lead agency for the proposed Water Purification Project, has
determined that an EIR is required to satisfy the requirements of CEQA. Palo Alto will be the
responsible party throughout the CEQA process. Valley Water is currently in the process of
preparing the Draft EIR; which the City will review prior to its release.