HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 13435 (2)
City of Palo Alto (ID # 13435)
City Council Staff Report
Report Type: Action Items Meeting Date: 8/23/2021
City of Palo Alto Page 1
Summary Title: Railroad Grade Separation - Meadow/Charleston
Title: Detailed Review of Alternatives Being Considered for Meadow Drive
and Charleston Road Train Crossings, and Direction to City Staff for
Conducting Additional Studies for Consideration of Final/Preferred
Alternative(s) (7:35 PM - 10:00 PM)
From: City Manager
Lead Department: Transportation Department
RECOMMENDED MOTION
Staff recommends that the City Council:
1. Review the four (4) alternatives under consideration for Meadow Drive and Charleston
Road crossings along the Caltrain corridor;
2. Review the preliminary scope and cost estimates of additional studies, and direct staff
to negotiate with AECOM to develop the scope and costs to perform the additional
studies as directed by the City Council for consideration of the final alternative(s) to
design and construct grade separation.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
With completion of the XCAP review of grade separation options, the City Council provided
direction to staff at the April 26, 2021 Council meeting to come back with a detailed review of
the alternatives still under consideration at each of these crossings to then provide direction on
additional studies/next phase of the project. This staff report provides detailed information on
Charleston Road and Meadow Drive Grade Separation and seeks council direction in pursuing
additional studies that could assist further in selecting preferred alternative(s). Staff plans to
bring back a similar item for the Churchill Avenue crossing in the fall of this year.
The report is organized as follows in the Discussion section of this report:
• Detailed Review of Charleston Road and Meadow Drive Grade Separation Alternatives
o Layout (Vehicular, Bike, Pedestrians) & Right of Way
o Traffic Circulation:
o Noise & Vibration Analysis
o Outreach
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o Construction & Engineering Challenges
o Project Cost
• Additional Studies, as described below
• Next Steps
Staff is seeking Council guidance on the scope of additional studies for consideration of the final
alternative(s) to design and construct grade separation. Below is a brief list of issues of interest
previously identified by the XCAP and councilmembers for consideration, further details on
each of these can be found under “Additional Studies” in the report.
It should be noted that many of these studies are typically conducted later in a construction
project development process and focused on a primary rather than multiple alternatives. This
is reflected in the associated costs. In addition, conclusions from these studies must be
considered preliminary, since responsible agencies such as Caltrain will provide limited
guidance and feedback at the current conceptual design stage. Nonetheless, to the extent these
studies provide community stakeholders greater confidence in decision-making, the costs
involved represent a small percentage of the ultimate costs of grade separation construction.
• Track Review and Caltrain Coordination (estimated $90,000-$110,000): Palo Alto has
been identified in the Caltrain Business Plan as a potential location for high-growth
capacity improvements, including 4-tracks. To date, alternatives developed for the Rail
Program has only been evaluated for 2-tracks. Work to further define the ability of
grade separation alternatives to accommodate four tracks includes: Gather Data from
Caltrain, Evaluate Alternatives, Meet with Caltrain, Prepare memorandum report
• Traffic Study Update (2040) (estimated $45,000-$55,000): Update to traffic analysis to
reflect a future forecast year of 2040 rather than the year 2030 forecasts will require the
following specific tasks: Work to Model Land Use, Model Forecasts, Traffic Calculations,
Documentation.
• Design Refinement of Underpass Alternatives (estimated $125,000-$150,000):
Refinement of the Underpass Alternative at Meadow and Charleston requires additional
iteration of review to ensure that input from the PABAC and school committees should
be incorporated to further refine this alternative. As such staff requested the Consultant
for their support to develop the estimated costs and scope as follows: Enhance
Alternatives, Update Exhibits, Update Renderings, Update Cost Estimates, Update
Miscellaneous Items.
• Preliminary Geotechnical Investigations (estimated $130,000-$160,000): Data Collection
and Review – Groundwater and Geotechnical, Field Investigation – Two CPT Borings,
Memorandum Report – Draft and Final.
• Box Jacking System/Geotechnical Investigation & Feasibility Study (estimated $350,000-
$600,000): Data Collection and Review – Groundwater and Geotechnical, Construction
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Methodology Evaluation, Construction Phasing / Sequencing, Cost Estimate, 3D
Animation, Memorandum Report.
• Shadow Analysis (Light Plane Review) (estimated $20,000-$25,000): 3D Model
Development, Shadow Study Analysis, Study Document Production and Final Report
• Additional Noise Study (estimated $55,000-$65,000): Expand Study
Area/Measurements, Expand Analysis for Future Growth, Analyze Structural
Noise/Vibration, Update Noise Study Report
• Storm Drainage Infrastructure (estimated $200,000 – $250,000): Evaluate Trench Storm
Drain Alternatives, A rough order-of-magnitude (ROM) cost will be developed for both
options. Evaluate Underpass Storm Drain Alternatives, Prepare Memorandum Report.
• Additional Outreach (estimated $15,000-$20,000): Conduct Meetings with Additional
Stakeholders, Prepare Meeting Notes.
• Urban Designer (estimated $100,000-$125,000): Urban Design / Public Realm
Opportunity Mapping opportunities for public realm improvements for each of the
three (3) alternatives and constraints urban design plan diagram will be created for each
of the three alternatives, Urban Design / Public Realm Design Enhancements conceptual
site plan for each alternative will be updated with the proposed public realm design
features, and Meetings.
• Conceptual Design for Ped/Bike Undercrossing At Seale And Loma Verde (estimated
$80,000-$100,000): Conceptual Layouts, Cost Estimates, 3D Renderings, and
Miscellaneous Public Outreach Materials.
• Sustainability (estimated $50,000-80,000): Sustainability Strategy Plan strategy to
identify major categories where sustainable materials and practices can be incorporated
into final design of alternatives, and Bike/Ped Usage improvement in relation to the
grade separation alternatives.
Note: The estimated scope and fee listed above for various studies is inclusive of work
anticipated for all three crossings (Churchill Avenue, Meadow Drive, and Charleston Road).
BACKGROUND
With the proposed California High Speed Rail (CAHSR) using the Caltrain corridor and the
planned electrification of the Caltrain corridor that will increase the frequency of trains along
this corridor, the delays to the at-grade crossings are expected to increase significantly.
Therefore, City initiated the plan to consider grade separation at all four of the existing at-grade
crossings in Palo Alto. For the past decade, City engaged the public to help develop and
evaluate potential grade separation options at each of Palo Alto’s four Caltrain rail crossings.
Since 2017, the City’s focus has been mainly on the three existing grade crossings of Churchill
Avenue, Meadow Drive, and Charleston Road. Palo Alto Avenue Crossing was separated to be
integrated with the Downtown Coordinated Area plan. The planning process for the
development of alternatives at the three crossings of Churchill Avenue, Meadow Drive, and
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Charleston Road was led by staff and consultants with public input coming through community
meetings. In 2018, City Council created a Citizen Advisory Panel (CAP) for advising staff and
consultants on developing alternatives and improving community outreach and
communications efforts. Later in 2019, City Council formed an Expanded Community Working
Group for the evaluation of the Connecting Palo Alto railroad grade separation at these three
crossings (Churchill Avenue, Meadow Drive, and Charleston Road) along the Caltrain corridor
and to achieve greater community input for selection of the preferred alternative at these three
crossings.
The XCAP group diligently over the period of eighteen (18) months completed the review of a
total of nine (9) alternatives and prepared a final report providing their recommendations to
the Council on March 23, 2021. At this study session, Council received the final XCAP report and
discussed major recommendations and findings from the report. Considering the
environmental challenges and the estimated costs for the South Palo Alto Tunnel alternatives,
the XCAP unanimously recommended the Council removes the tunnel alternatives from further
consideration.
After the review of the XCAP report and considering the XCAP recommendation, the City
Council on April 26, 2021, removed the two tunnel alternatives 1) South Palo Alto Tunnel
(Passenger and Freight) 2) South Palo Alto Tunnel (With At-Grade Freight) from further
consideration for grade separation.
The final seven (7) alternatives in consideration at these three crossings are as follows:
Churchill Avenue
Churchill Avenue Closure with Mitigation - Option 1 & 2
Churchill Avenue Viaduct
Churchill Partial Underpass
Meadow Drive and Charleston Road
Meadow Charleston Trench
Meadow Charleston Viaduct
Meadow Charleston Hybrid
Meadow Charleston Underpass
DISCUSSION
This agenda item presents a detailed review of the alternatives in considerations at Meadow
Drive and Charleston Road Crossings and seeks City Council direction on the additional studies
needed for selection of a preferred alternative(s) at each of these locations.
Layout (Vehicular, Bike, Pedestrians) & Right of Way
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Below is a summary of the layout and right of way that would result in each of the four
alternatives. Further explanation and details can be found below this summary table organized
by alternative (trench, viaduct, hybrid, and underpass).
TABLE 1: Summary of Layout & Right of Way
Trench Viaduct Hybrid Underpass
Ve
h
i
c
u
l
a
r
On the bridge –
similar to the
existing
configuration
At Grade –
similar to the
existing
configuration
Will be lowered by
about 6 feet –
similar to the
existing
configuration
At Meadow:
• NBL & NBR will be made through U-Turn
at Alma Village;
• EBR & WBL will be prohibited.
• Park Blvd will be closed on south side,
North side will be limited to right-in and
right out.
At Charleston:
• NBL, SBR, and EBL will be made by using
the roundabout at Mumford Place.
• Only SBR & EBR at Park Place. No
Through movements.
• Ely Place will be limited to right out only.
Pe
d
e
s
t
r
i
a
n
On the bridge –
will have separate
sidewalks
At Grade –
will have separate
sidewalks
Will be lowered by
about 6 feet –
with sidewalks
• Bike and Pedestrian pathway provided
on one side of the roadway. Connection
made through circuitous way to connect
using ramps.
• Ninety (90) degrees bends to provide
adequate ramp slopes meeting ADA
requirements. Bike and Ped Crossings
needed
Bi
k
e
On the bridge –
will have bike lanes
At Grade –
will have bike lanes
Will be lowered by
about 6 feet –
with bike lanes
• Bike and Pedestrian pathway provided
on one side of the roadway. Connection
made through circuitous way to connect
using ramps.
• Ninety (90) degrees bends to provide
adequate ramp slopes meeting ADA
requirements.
Ot
h
e
r
Bridge will provide
adequate width, &
Charleston will
require widening
Meadow &
Charleston will
require widening
Meadow &
Charleston will
require widening
• Will require full property acquisitions
and partial property acquisitions at both
Meadow & Charleston.
• Bike and Ped Crossings needed for
Meadow at 2nd Street & Emerson Street
and for Charleston at new traffic circle/
roundabout
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Trench:
For the trench alternative, the railroad tracks will be lowered in a U-shaped box below Meadow
Drive and Charleston Road. The new electrified railroad tracks will be built at the same location
as the existing railroad tracks and will begin lowering south of Loma Verde Avenue, remain
lowered under Meadow Drive and Charleston Road, and return to the existing elevation north
of the San Antonio Station. The maximum railroad grade will be 2% which will require a Caltrain
design exception. The railroad tracks will be approximately 30 feet below the existing street
between Meadow Drive and Charleston Road. A high fence will be required
along trench walls.
The roadways at Meadow Drive and Charleston Road will remain at their existing grade on a
bridge over the railroad tracks. The roadway will have a similar configuration to what exists
today with the addition of Class II buffered bike lanes on Charleston Road. This will require
expanding the width of the road to maintain bike lanes through the overpass of the railroad.
Charleston Road over the railroad will be 24.5 feet. The railroad tracks will be approximately 30
feet below the existing street between Meadow Drive and Charleston Road. A high fence will be
required along trench walls.
Viaduct:
For the viaduct alternative, the railroad tracks will be elevated on a structure over Meadow
Drive and Charleston Road. The new electrified railroad tracks will be built between the existing
railroad tracks and Alma Street (east side) and will begin rising north of Loma Verde Avenue,
remain elevated over Meadow Drive and Charleston Road, and return to the existing elevation
south of Ferne Avenue. The maximum railroad grade for this alternative will be 1.4% which will
also require a Caltrain design exception. The railroad tracks will be approximately 20 feet above
the existing street between Meadow Drive and Charleston Road.
The roadways at Meadow Drive and Charleston Road will remain at their existing grade and
have a similar configuration to what exists today, with the addition of Class II buffered bike
lanes on Charleston Road. This addition will require expanding the width of the road to
maintain bike lanes through the underpass of the railroad and to accommodate the new
column supporting the railroad structure
Hybrid:
For the hybrid alternative, the railroad tracks will be raised above Meadow Drive and
Charleston Road. The new electrified railroad tracks will be built at the same location as the
existing railroad tracks and will begin rising near El Verano Avenue, remain raised above
Meadow Drive and Charleston Road, and return to the existing elevation north of Ferne
Avenue. This alternative meets the Caltrans preferred maximum grades for the railroad
alignment of 1% and therefore no design exception is anticipated for this alternative. The
railroad tracks will be approximately 15 feet above the existing street between Meadow Drive
and Charleston Road.
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Between Park Boulevard and Alma Street, the roadways at Meadow Drive and Charleston Road
will be lowered and will have a similar configuration that exists today, with the addition of Class
II buffered bike lanes on Charleston Road. This will require expanding the width of the road to
maintain bike lanes and pedestrian facilities through the underpass of the railroad. The
maximum grade for the roadways will be near 5%.
No additional Right of Way is anticipated; however, this alternative will require driveway
modifications.
Underpass:
The underpass alternative retains the Caltrain tracks at the current grade and lowers Meadow
Drive and Charleston Road under the tracks and Alma Street for through traffic. Alma Street will
retain four lanes of traffic, two northbound and two southbound, supported on a new road
bridge spanning the intersecting road. The maximum grade on Meadow Drive, Charleston Road,
and the modified portion of Park Blvd will be 12%. The vertical clearance of Meadow Drive and
Charleston Road under the railroad will be 15.5 feet.
Turning movements to and from Alma Street will be facilitated by ramps for key traffic flow
directions and controlled by traffic signals. On the east side of Alma Street, the new road profile
will begin descending just west of Emerson Street for Meadow Drive, and just west of Wright
Place on Charleston Road and will return to grade on the west side of the tracks, just west of
Park Boulevard. Turning movements from various side streets will be limited. The Caltrain
tracks will be supported on a new rail bridge that spans the width of the intersecting road and
the pedestrian/bike ramp while remaining on its current alignment.
The on-ramp and off-ramp connecting Meadow Drive to Alma Street will be limited to
northbound and southbound traffic, respectively. Through traffic on Park Boulevard will no
longer be possible. The connection from the south side of Park Boulevard to Meadow Drive will
no longer be possible and will end in a cul-de-sac, while the north side of Park Boulevard will
have driveway modifications but turning movements will be retained. The northbound left and
right turns will be facilitated by making U-turns at Alma Village and Alma Street signalized
intersection north of the grade crossing.
With connection ramps only to East Charleston Road, movement to and from Alma Street will
be facilitated via a roundabout on East Charleston Road just west of Mumford Place. As with
Meadow Drive, through traffic on Park Boulevard will no longer be possible, however, a bridge
will be constructed just west of the tracks to provide north/south pedestrian/bike connectivity
at Park Boulevard. Ely Place intersection with Alma Street will only facilitate an exit onto
northbound Alma Street. Entrance from southbound Alma Street into Ely Place will be
prohibited.
The pedestrian/bike ramp will provide a crossing for cyclists and foot traffic of both Alma Street
and the railroad. This pedestrian/bike crossing is separate and at a different grade from both
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the rail and the road, providing both the benefits of a safer route and less traffic interference
resulting in better traffic flow. Also, since roadway profile grade exceeds American Disability
standards, ramp structure will provide grades meeting such requirements for all pedestrian and
bicycle facilities.
Right-of-way acquisitions including multiple private property acquisitions and some (sliver)
acquisitions of residential properties will be required to accommodate this alternative. In
addition, driveway modifications for this alternative.
Traffic Circulation
To review the traffic circulation, a traffic study was conducted by Hexagon Traffic consultants.
The study evaluated the existing traffic conditions based on the traffic counts conducted in
October 2019. The future traffic volumes were obtained from the traffic forecasts based on the
2016 Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan for future (Year 2030) conditions. The study analyzed traffic
operations during the weekday AM (7-9) and PM (4-6) peak commute hours. The traffic study
focuses on vehicular traffic operations; however, bicycle and pedestrian circulation have been
accounted for in the traffic analysis.
Trench, Viaduct & Hybrid:
The roadway configuration for trench, viaduct, and hybrid are similar and therefore these
alternatives have similar traffic impacts. Based on the traffic study for these three alternatives,
the intersection of Alma/Charleston operates at LOS F during both the AM and PM peak hours.
With future traffic volumes (see Table below), the analysis shows that both the Meadow and
Charleston intersections would operate at LOS F during the AM and PM peak hours. With
electrification, the analysis shows that both intersections would continue to operate at
unacceptable LOS F during the AM and PM peak hours with future traffic volumes.
TABLE 2: Meadow and Charleston Grade Separation Alternatives – Future Traffic Volumes
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Underpass:
The Underpass alternative proposes to keep the Caltrain tracks at grade and lower Meadow
Drive and Charleston Road to go under the tracks and Alma Road. This alternative was analyzed
for future conditions as shown in the table below.
Meadow Drive:
As briefly discussed in the layout description above, the right of way and intersection geometry
makes certain movements difficult to provide for at this crossing. Therefore, a U-turn lane on
northbound Alma at the existing signalized intersection of Alma Street and Alma Village Circle
was proposed to facilitate certain movements. Alma Village Circle is located approximately 600
feet to the north of Meadow Drive. The U-turn lane would allow northbound traffic on Alma
Street to access Meadow Drive by making a U-turn at the Alma Village Circle and using the
proposed southbound Alma Street off-ramp to Meadow Drive. The westbound left and
eastbound right movements cannot be accommodated in this alternative at Meadow Drive. The
traffic for such movements will use other streets such as El Camino Road and internal roadways
to access Alma Street. Various options for traffic control devices such as stop signs or signals
were evaluated to review future traffic conditions.
At the Alma and Meadow intersection, the analysis shows that both the ramps from
southbound Alma to Meadow and from Meadow to northbound Alma would operate at
acceptable LOS B or better during the AM and PM peak hours with future traffic volumes.
Where the northbound on-ramp would merge onto Alma Street, the analysis shows that the
on-ramp approach would operate at LOS E during the AM peak hour, as traffic merging onto
Alma Street would have to find gaps in the uncontrolled traffic flow on northbound Alma, which
is the peak direction.
Charleston Road:
At the Alma/Charleston intersection, some turning movements would be cut off at the
intersection itself but would be accommodated via a two-lane roundabout that would be
provided on Charleston Road at Mumford Place, east of Alma Street.
The analysis shows that the two signalized intersections at Alma/Charleston would operate at
LOS C or better during both the AM and PM peak hours under future conditions. Where the on-
ramp from eastbound Charleston would merge onto southbound Alma Street, the analysis
shows that the on-ramp approach would operate at LOS E during the PM peak hour under
future traffic conditions, as traffic merging onto Alma Street would have to find gaps in the
uncontrolled traffic flow on southbound Alma, which is the peak direction. The analysis shows
that the two-lane roundabout at Charleston/Mumford would operate at acceptable levels of
service during both the AM and PM peak hours under existing and future conditions.
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TABLE 3: Meadow and Charleston Partial Underpass – Future Traffic Volumes
Noise & Vibration Analysis
Noise Analysis
As part of the evaluation, a noise study was conducted to better understand the relative
benefits or penalties of the grade separation alternatives. A noise survey was conducted in the
study area to establish existing conditions in a variety of locations throughout the project. The
noise measurement locations were selected to represent a variety of noise sensitive land uses
in the study area with an emphasis on residential land uses. Most measurement locations were
conducted at publicly accessible areas that were similar in distance and acoustical setting to
nearby residential locations with an emphasis on first and second row homes (typically within
about 300 feet of the rail line and about 1500 feet of a grade crossing). Both short- and long-
term noise measurements were conducted to evaluate the noise study.
For each alternative, the noise levels were predicted for generalized locations of the first row
and second row of homes on both east and west side of the tracks. It was expected that at
locations beyond second row homes, train events may still be audible, but calculated noise
levels would be much closer to (or lower than) existing ambient noise levels.
The following table provides a summary of how the relative contributions of rail and road noise
sources may be expected to change as a function of proposed alternatives. Most noise source
levels will be reduced by most alternatives as they introduce more noise reducing features such
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as increased shielding from noise barriers or structures, however, it is noted that engine noise
from hybrid and viaduct alternatives could increase slightly since the increased elevation of the
rail path may reduce the effectiveness of first row shielding at second row homes.
TABLE 4: Noise Source Changes by Alternative
In order to provide a quantitative comparison of relative acoustical benefits for these
alternatives, future noise levels were calculated for representative residential locations at
typical first and second row homes to the east and west of the rail line. These calculations
followed the methodology and calculation methods presented in the Federal Transit
Administration’s (FTA) Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment Manual (2018) and
assumptions were based on the Caltrain data provided in their environmental documents.
In addition to the alternatives in consideration, the noise study reviewed the two additional
scenarios with beneficial 6-foot tall parapet barrier that was assumed for the viaduct and hybrid
alternatives for the grade crossing closure and underpass alternatives. The following table
provides a summary of the results of the noise reduction based on the prediction analysis for
each alternative and each generalized receiver location
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TABLE 5: Predicted Noise Reduction Relative to Existing Condition by Alternative (dBA)
The study indicated that the biggest noise reduction would come from eliminating horn
soundings in the vicinity of grade crossings with typical reductions of 9 to 14 dBA (as
demonstrated by the “Existing vs. Closure” scenario). While all the studied alternatives will
provide the acoustical benefit of ending horn soundings, some will provide smaller additional
benefits.
Viaduct and hybrid alternatives will provide the additional benefit of reducing wheel/rail noise
at all receivers and the hybrid alternative will also help reduce Alma street road noise for
homes to the west of the rail line. The trench alternative will both provide significant reductions
for engine and wheel/rail noise.
Vibration Analysis
The movements of rail vehicles generate ground-borne vibration. According to FTA guidelines, a
passenger/freight rail line would have to pass within less than 20 feet of a typical residential
structure to potentially cause structural damage which would not be an issue with this project.
However, human perception of, and potential annoyance to ground-borne vibration could be
triggered in homes within 150-200 feet from the tracks. Under the current/existing conditions,
many of the first-row homes to both the east and west of the track are already within 200 feet
of the tracks and may already be experiencing perceptible vibrations from train pass-by events.
The vibration study conducted a relative qualitative assessment of changes in ground-borne
vibration level by proposed alternatives based on FTA guidance. The following table provides a
brief summary of the qualitative assessment.
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TABLE 6: Potential Change in Ground-Borne Vibration by Alternative
As indicated in the table above, most of the proposed alternatives would either create no
significant change or perhaps a slight improvement in ground-borne vibration. The viaduct
alternative may provide a significant improvement.
However, a more detailed ground vibration engineering analysis for the selected alternative at
each of the crossings will need to be completed to develop a more detailed vibration impact
assessment with detailed recommendations for vibration mitigation features to be
incorporated into the final design.
Outreach
During the XCAP Process community represented participated and provided feedback and
comments. The city staff and Consultant provided support at the XCAP meetings and conducted
studies, performed analysis, and provided additional technical information for the review of the
alternatives.
Earlier in 2020, before the pandemic began, the City hosted two well attended Rail Town Hall
meetings and smaller neighborhood specific open house meetings to gain community input on
the rail alternatives and answer community questions. Staff also developed and released online
surveys and used social media, the City’s website, and electronic newsletters to inform, answer
questions and gain feedback from the community on this important City priority.
In addition, to further engage the community, City staff hosted a Virtual Town Hall from August
19, 2020 to September 14, 2020 gaining over 1,000 unique visitors to the online platform. This
virtual platform was designed to inform the community and seek feedback on the proposed
alternatives for grade separation at the three grade crossing locations of Churchill Avenue,
Meadow Drive and Charleston Road. A summary report of virtual townhall was provided as an
informational report to the City Council on November 30, 2020. Staff and XCAP also provided
project update and related information to the Pedestrian and Bike Advisory Committee
(PABAC), City’s School Liaison Committee, and City School Traffic Committee. A shift to the
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Virtual Town Hall format was a direct result of the pandemic and the opportunity to further
community engagement through this project phase.
Construction & Engineering Challenges:
There are several Construction and Engineering challenges with each of these alternatives.
These challenges are described below and are summarized in the table to show the impact on
each alternative.
- Conformance of railroad grade with preferred maximum grade by Joint Peninsula Board
(JPB)/Caltrain. With the current design, only the hybrid and underpass alternatives for
Meadow and Charleston are in compliance with Caltrain’s maximum preferred railroad
grade. The viaduct and the trench alternative will require design exceptions from the
JPB/Caltrain.
- Four Tracking of Caltrain: during the later stages of the conceptual plan development,
JPB/Caltrain indicated a need for four (4) tracking of its railroad line within the vicinity of
south Palo Alto may be needed to accommodate future Caltrain demands. As a result,
all designs shall accommodate the need of these future four tracks. The concepts as
planned has not been designed to accommodate these four (4) tracking requirement. As
such a future review and coordination with Caltrain will be needed.
- Underground Structure Conflicts: Installation of underground structures will impact the
underground facilities. For the Trench alternative at these crossings, it will require
diversion of Adobe and Barron creeks, resulting in the need for lift station/siphons. In
addition, the trench will require ground anchors to support structures. These ground
anchors will require easements on the properties to the west and trees removal. Also,
approval of such facilities will require permitting from the numerous regulatory agencies
that may involve lengthy and difficult negotiations. For all other alternatives, there will
be minimal to no impacts on the creeks.
- Ground Water Conditions: Due to the groundwater conditions all alternatives except
Viaduct will require pump stations for dewatering which will increase long-term
maintenance costs and risk of flooding due to pump stations. The trench will require the
most groundwater dewatering along the entire alignment, whereas the hybrid and
underpass alternatives will require such dewatering only near the intersections where
improvements are constructed. However, some dewatering will be required to construct
footings for viaduct structures.
- Utility Relocation: Utility relocations will be required to remove any conflicts with
foundations/trench and for any lowered construction condition. For Trench Alternative,
the utility relocation will be required along the entire alignment whereas, for the hybrid
and underpass alternative, utility relocations will be at these intersections. Also, for
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Viaduct any utility conflict within the foundations and pier structure will need
relocation.
- Shoo-Fly/Temporary Rial System: Shoo-Fly /Temporary Rail system included temporary
electrification of the tracks will be required to accommodate all alternatives except for
the viaduct based on the current design. For the Underpass alternative, the XCAP
members shared an alternative methodology “Box Jacking” that may be feasible. Such
technique will require further evaluation and Caltrain acceptance before determination
of applicability for Underpass Alternative.
- Traffic During Construction: For all alternatives except Viaduct, during construction,
Meadow Drive will be closed, while the Charleston Road bridge is constructed, and vice
versa. In addition, Alma Street will be reduced to a two-lane roadway to accommodate
shoofly for both Hybrid and Underpass Alternatives. For the Trench alternative, one
southbound lane on Alma Street will be needed to install the pump structures during
construction. During construction, all alternatives will have additional impacts at the
intersections on Alma Street at both Meadow Drive and Charleston Road. For Hybrid
Alternative, the construction will be done in two phases, the first phase will comprise of
raising the rail structure and the second phase will be lowering the roadway. For
Underpass Alternative, a closure of Meadow Drive between Emerson Street and Park
Boulevard, and closure of Charleston Road between Alma Street and Park Boulevard will
be required for the majority of construction duration. However, the duration of such
closures for Underpass Alternative may change depending upon the construction means
and methods.
- Construction Time Period. Viaduct Alternative is expected to take the least time for
completing grade separation in two (2) years while Trench is anticipated to be
completed over six (6) years. The Hybrid is anticipated to be constructed in 4 years
whereas Underpass Alternatives will take three and a half (3-1/2) to four (4) years.
However, construction duration for the Underpass Alternative may change depending
upon the construction means and methods.
TABLE 7: Summary of Construction and Engineering Challenges
LOCATION/
DESCRIPTION VIADUCT HYBRID TRENCH UNDERPASS
Construction
Period 2 Years 4 Years 6 Years 3.5-4 Years
Railroad Grade 1.4% 1% 2% -
Shoo-Fly /Temp
Rail System - Yes Yes Yes /Alt Tech
Utility Relocation Yes, Conflicts with
Foundations
Yes, at crossings &
Approaches
Yes, along the
alignment Yes, at Crossings
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Closure on Alma
None expected, SBR
lane in areas
closure
Reduced to 2 lanes One lane reduction
for pump station Reduced to 2 lanes
Intersection
Closures/impacts
SBR Turn lanes to
use through lanes
Minor Widening,
some closures
Meadow/Charleston
(west side) Closures
Intersection
Closures,
Other impacts -
2 phases – 12’
Clearance for a
period
- -
Dewatering &
Excavation - Yes Yes, along the
alignment
Yes, significant at
intersections
Long term
dewatering - Pump Station Pump Station
(Major) Pump Station
Adobe Creek/
Baron Creek
Raised above creeks
(minimum impacts)
Raised above creeks
(minimum impacts) Lift Station/Siphon -
Project Cost
As far as the construction cost of the project, the Hybrid Alternative is the cheapest of all
alternatives estimated at $190-230 million and Trench is the most expensive at approx. $800-
950 million. Both Viaduct and Underpass Alternatives are anticipated in the mid-range of these
alternatives. The high-level cost breakdown based on the current designs is shown in the
following table.
TABLE 8: Summary of Project Cost
LOCATION/
DESCRIPTION VIADUCT HYBRID TRENCH UNDERPASS
Roadway & Railroad Items $72M to $90M $84M to $102M $450M to $540M $124M to $152M
Structure Items $155M to $194M $10M to $12M $8M to $10M $18M to $22M
Right-Of-Way & Utilities $18M to $22M $26M to $32M $26M to 28M $80M to $98M
Support Costs $80M to $100M $35M to $42M $166M to $194M $80M to $98M
Escalation To 2025 Dollars $75M to $94M $35M to $42M $150M to $178M $64M to $78M
Total Project Costs $400M to $500M $190M to $230M $800M to $950M $340M to $420M
Construction Period 2 Years 4 Years 6 Years 3.5-4 Years
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Additional Studies
With the presentation of the XCAP final report to the City Council at the study session on March
23, 2021 and final recommendations on April 26, 2021, several concerns were brought up that
would require additional studies and consultant support in order to fully address in reviewing
the alternatives. Subsequently, staff requested the project Consultant AECOM to provide
estimated scope and costs for the additional studies and revisions that may be helpful in further
reviewing the alternatives in consideration for the selection of the preferred alternative(s).
It should be noted that many of these studies are typically conducted later in a construction
project development process and focused on a primary rather than multiple alternatives. This
is reflected in the associated costs. In addition, conclusions from these studies must be
considered preliminary, since responsible agencies such as Caltrain will provide limited
guidance and feedback at the current conceptual design stage. Nonetheless, to the extent these
studies provide community stakeholders greater confidence in decision-making, the costs
involved represent a small percentage of the ultimate costs of grade separation construction.
The additional studies with estimated scopes and fees are listed below.
Overall, the estimated scope and fee listed above for various studies is inclusive of work
anticipated for all three crossings (Churchill Avenue, Meadow Drive, and Charleston Road). In
general, these costs are not directly proportional to the number of crossings. Depending upon
the City Council direction, if a particular item needs exclusion from further study at any of the
crossings, the scope will be reviewed and negotiated with the consultant. Discussion and
direction from the Council on priorities within these potential additional studies will help staff
manage project costs and ensure continued progress on the evaluation of the alternatives
within resources.
Track Review and Caltrain Coordination: Estimated fee* $90,000-$110,000.
JPB/Caltrain has adopted the moderate-growth improvement program as outlined in its
Business Plan (https://caltrain2040.org/ ). However, JPB also indicated that the high-growth
improvement program should not be precluded. Palo Alto has been identified in the Business
Plan as a location for the high-growth improvements, including 4-tracks. To date, alternatives
developed for the Rail Program have been evaluated for 2-tracks. Identifying the implications of
each alternative with 4-tracks will require additional engineering analysis.
• Gather Data from Caltrain: Meet with Caltrain to gather more information about what
the limits of the 4-track alignment would be and what the typical section would be along
the limits and at the stations.
• Evaluate Alternatives: Conduct a high-level analysis of the impacts of 4-tracks for each
alternative still under consideration (MC Viaduct, MC Hybrid, MC Trench, MC
Underpass, CH Viaduct, CH Underpass, and CH Closure) by overlaying Caltrain’s 4-track
geometry over the proposed 2-track. Identify a list of significant impacts for each
alternative. Determine if the alternatives are still feasible with 4-tracks or does not
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preclude 4-tracks in the future. Note: This task assumes no animations or photo
simulations or updates to existing exhibits.
• Meet with Caltrain: Meet with Caltrain to review the evaluation of alternatives and
gather additional feedback on the feasibility and impacts of each.
• Prepare memorandum report: Prepare a draft and final memorandum report that
documents the evaluation of the 4-track alignment and feedback received from Caltrain.
Incorporate one-set of consolidated comments from the City and Caltrain on the draft
technical memorandum.
Traffic Study Update (2040): Estimated fee* $45,000-$55,000
During the study session and the XCAP recommendations, there was a discussion to review the
traffic conditions with the future forecast of 2040 rather than the 2030 forecasts that have
been used in the traffic study. While explained that the forecast reflects Comprehensive Plan
buildout rather than a specific year, additional land use forecasts could be incorporated in
order to update the traffic model. The update to traffic analysis to reflect a future forecast year
of “2040” rather than the year 2030 forecasts will require the following specific tasks.
• Model Land Use: Palo Alto has not identified any growth beyond 2030, which is
considered the horizon for the Comprehensive Plan. Therefore, for the traffic analysis
zones (TAZ) within Palo Alto, the land use data will be the same as the 2030 forecasts.
Outside of Palo Alto, Hexagon will update the land use data to year 2040 using the latest
version of the VTA model.
• Model Forecasts: Consultant (Hexagon) will run the Palo Alto model and produce traffic
volume forecasts for the major streets in Palo Alto in the study area. These forecasts will
be used to calculate growth factors, and the growth factors will be applied to the
existing intersection turning movement counts from the prior traffic study. This will
yield an estimate of intersection turning movement counts for 2040.
• Traffic Calculations: The 2040 forecast intersection turning movements will be used to
recalculate intersection levels of service for the project alternatives. There are 11
project alternatives, and calculations will be done for the AM and PM peak hours. Thus,
22 scenarios will be included in the study.
• Documentation: Consultant (Hexagon) will prepare a revised traffic report that updates
the long-range analysis to year 2040. The existing conditions analysis will remain
unchanged.
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Design Refinement Of Underpass Alternatives: Estimated fee* $125,000-$150,000
The XCAP in their presentation to the City Council recommended that the Underpass
Alternative at Meadow and Charleston undergo an additional design iteration to incorporate
input from the PABAC and school committees. As such staff requested the Consultant for their
support to develop the estimated costs and scope as follows:
• Enhance Alternatives: Refine the three underpass alternatives (Churchill, Meadow and
Charleston) by including input received by the XCAP, the school committees, and the
ped/bike advisory committees (PABAC, etc.).
Note: This task assumes the railroad profiles remains at-grade.
• Update Exhibits: Update the plan, profile and typical section exhibits for each of the
three alternatives.
• Update Renderings: Update the 3D CAD model and still image renderings to include all
refinements, including those not captured previously (U-turn at Alma Plaza, for
example).
Note: This task does not include animations or photo simulations.
• Update Cost Estimates: Update the quantities, and cost estimates for each alternative.
Note: If the unit costs get updated, then additional time will need to be added to update
all other alternatives too for consistency.
• Update Miscellaneous Items: Update the Evaluation Matrix, Fact Sheets, website
materials and VR room materials/exhibits based on the refinements.
Preliminary Geotechnical Investigations: Estimated fee* $130,000-$160,000
• Data Collection and Review – Groundwater and Geotechnical: Collect available
geotechnical and groundwater data from adjacent projects. This could include data from
Santa Clara Water District channel projects, Caltrans Local Bridges, and other sources.
• Field Investigation – Two CPT Borings: Once the existing available data has been
collected and reviewed, make are recommendation to conduct a limited geotechnical
field investigation to confirm data closer to proposed bridge and retaining wall
structures. For this effort, two Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) borings are anticipated.
Recommendations for further detail geotechnical filed investigations will be evaluated
but deferred to the next level of design. The purpose of this limited geotechnical
investigation is to confirm design assumptions made during this design phase.
• Memorandum Report – Draft and Final: The data collected in stated tasks above will be
summarized in a memorandum. The memorandum will also discuss further investigation
needed for detailed design as well as confirm assumptions used for bridge and retaining
walls foundations.
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Box Jacking System/Geotechnical Investigation & Feasibility Study: Estimated fee* $350,000-
$600,000
• Data Collection and Review – Groundwater and Geotechnical: The scope described in
task above for Preliminary Geotechnical investigation for data collection and field
investigations is also be included in this task. In addition to the CPT described in task
above, one exploratory boring would be taken at each crossing location to supplement
the data collected from the CPT.
• Construction Methodology Evaluation: Data collected in the above task will be used to
determine the feasibility of a relatively long-span (40-60 feet or possibly longer) box
culvert-like structure to support the various loading conditions (dead load, live load,
lateral and vertical seismic loads, and buoyancy due to groundwater).
• Construction Phasing / Sequencing: In this task, the various components involved with
the set up and operation of a box jacking system will be evaluated, such as: dewatering
of the excavation pit, the size of the pit and the extent of the temporary shoring, utility
conflicts and the potential need for relocations, the maintenance of vehicular traffic and
Caltrain’s overhead contact system.
• Cost Estimate: Prepare a rough order-of-magnitude (ROM) cost for the box jacking
system.
• 3D Animation: Prepare a 3D animation of the steps anticipated to complete the
installation of a box culvert-like substructure via a box jacking system.
• Memorandum Report: The information in Tasks stated above would be summarized in a
technical memorandum. It also includes incorporation of one round of comments is
(one Draft and one Final report).
Cost Details: Geotechnical Investigation $120,000-$150,000; Structural Analysis $230,00-
$450,000
Shadow Analysis (Light Plane Review): Estimated fee* $20,000-$25,000
• 3D Model Development
- Collect geolocation info (Lat/Long and Elevation data) for correct sun angle
- Complete topology and surface conditions
o Note: This does not include a Lidar scan, it’s assumed that 3D information
from public sources (i.e., Google Earth) are used
- Complete object 3D model (features that will cast shadows)
- Complete subject 3D model (features that will receive shadows)
- Model other details, as needed (trees, etc.)
• Shadow Study Analysis
- Shadow Study Analysis
o Note: One specific day of the year will be selected for the analysis
- Organization and Preparation: Study imagery combined with analytics
- Add Legend/Icons/Notes
• Study Document Production and Final Report
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- Image and document post-production using Adobe Illustrator and Photoshop
- Combine multiple studies using Adobe InDesign
- Address comments and complete final report
Assumptions for these studies:
• Three sites (Churchill, Meadow and Charleston) and two alternatives (Viaduct at each
and a Hybrid at Meadow and Charleston) will be studied.
• Each site has three proposed subjects (buildings) to be analyzed.
• Each site will have several buildings that can be used to extrapolate shadow study
analytics for that area. Structures predicted to receive the most shading will be the
subjects for study.
• The estimate includes one study at Churchill (Viaduct), two studies each at Meadow and
Charleston (Viaduct and Hybrid).
• Fifteen (15) shadow analyses will be completed; three (3) at Churchill, six (6) at Meadow
and six (6) at Charleston. Each one will include an analysis of shadow impact on the
target structure and a visual of the shadow path, sun angles, and other simulation
details. Studies for each site will be combined and annotated according to any given
constraints. For example, a pass/fail system based on a maximum number of shade
hours a target structure is allowed to receive.
Additional Noise Study: Estimated fee* $55,000-$65,000
• Expand Study Area/Measurements: Conduct additional noise measurements, going
further back into the adjacent residential neighborhoods (perhaps 3 or 4 rows in a few
locations near grade crossings) to determine the contribution of existing train noise
relative to non-train ambient noise levels at these locations and incorporate these
findings into the evaluation of the various grade separation alternatives.
• Expand Analysis for Future Growth: Expand the noise analysis to consider the
comparative influence of the future growth scenarios (see table below) on the projected
relative effectiveness of the proposed grade-crossing design alternatives.
TABLE 9: Trains per Day, Caltrain Corridor
Scenario Year
(Est.)
Type of Train Comment
Caltrain Freight HSR
Existing 2020 92 3 0 All diesel Locos
Electrification 2024 114 3 0 All EMU (used in current
analysis)
Baseline growth 2040 174 3 130 Per Caltrain Business Plan
Moderate growth 2040 268 3 130
High Growth 2040 348 3 130
Source: Caltrain Business Plan
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• Analyze Structural Noise/Vibration: Conduct a limited literature review to collect data
and support technical conclusions regarding the relative acoustical contribution of
modern viaduct structures such as those proposed for use in the viaduct alternative.
• Update Noise Study Report: Update the technical noise report document to incorporate
all three of the preceding expanded analyses and present the result (remotely) at a City
Council meeting and incorporate one round of comments into a final report document.
Storm Drainage Infrastructure: Estimated fee* $200,000 – $250,000
• Evaluate Trench Storm Drain Alternatives: An evaluation of a siphon or a lift station
options will be performed for the creek crossing based on the trench grade separation
alternative. The following items will be considered:
- Environmental issues/concerns (e.g., impact to creek habitat)
- Permit requirements (RWQCB, SCVWD, FEMA, USACE, Department of Fish and
Game)
- Flooding potential and impacts
- Maintenance issues and long term requirements
- Design Options and conceptual details (depth of siphon, entrance/exit slope and
length, etc.)
- Utility conflicts and impacts
- Temporary shoring requirements
- Traffic impacts during construction
- Right-of-way impacts
- Groundwater and aquifer impacts
A rough order-of-magnitude (ROM) cost will be developed for both options.
• Evaluate Underpass Storm Drain Alternatives: Drainage requirements for the
underpass alternatives will be determined. For example, the size of the pump station,
and the location of a motor control center (MCC) building, and potential right-of-way
impacts, will be considered. A ROM cost will also be included.
• Prepare Memorandum Report: The information from the evaluation will be summarized
in a technical memorandum. Incorporation of one round of comments is assumed (one
Draft and one Final report).
Additional Outreach: Estimated fee* $15,000-$20,000
• Conduct Meetings with Additional Stakeholders: Conduct separate virtual meetings
with Palo Alto Unified School District (PAUSD), Stanford, and the Palo Alto Bicycle
Advisory Committee (PABAC) to review the alternatives still under consideration (MC
Viaduct, MC Hybrid, MC Trench, MC Underpass, CH Viaduct, CH Underpass, and CH
Closure). A total of three meetings with the stakeholder are anticipated.
• Prepare Meeting Notes: Prepare draft and final meeting notes for each that documents
the feedback received from each stakeholder. Develop list of revisions to be considered
at the next phase of design. Incorporate one-set of consolidated comments from the
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City and Caltrain on the draft technical memorandum. Note: This task does not include
revising/updating any previously prepared exhibits or changing the location of the
ped/bike undercrossing.
Urban Designer: Estimated fee* $100,000-$125,000
• Urban Design / Public Realm Opportunity Mapping: Identify opportunities for public
realm improvements for each of the three (3) alternatives that considers landscaping,
public art, pedestrian, and bicycle network enhancements and other placemaking
strategies that benefit the community as well as the environment. An opportunities and
constraints urban design plan diagram will be created for each of the three alternatives.
• Urban Design / Public Realm Design Enhancements: Building on the analysis in
opportunity mapping task, the layout of potential public realm enhancements that
provide co-benefits to the community will be prepared. Strategies that will be
considered includes urban greening, integration of public art, aesthetic character of
walls and hardscape, and an overall human-centric approach to design that enhances
the experience for the public. A conceptual site plan for each alternative will be updated
with the proposed public realm design features. Note: This task does not include
renderings, animations or photo simulations.
• Meetings: Two (2) team members to attend up to eight (8), virtual team coordination
meetings.
Conceptual Design for Ped/Bike Undercrossing At Seale And Loma Verde: Estimated fee*
$80,000-$100,000
• Conceptual Layouts: Develop plan, profile and typical section exhibits for a ped/bike
undercrossing at two locations: Seale Ave/Peers Park and Loma Verde Ave.
• Cost Estimates: Develop a conceptual-level cost estimate at each location to the same
level of detail that was done for the previous alternatives.
• 3D Renderings: Create a 3D CAD model of the conceptual designs and provide up to six
(6) computer-generated renderings and two (2) photo simulations at each location.
• Miscellaneous Public Outreach Materials: The two concepts will be added to the
Evaluation Matrix. Fact Sheets for each will be provided, and exhibits will be uploaded
to the website. In addition, the VR room will be updated accordingly.
Sustainability: Estimated fee* $50,000-$80,000
• Sustainability Strategy Plan: All of the alternatives developed to date can incorporate
sustainability practices into the design. This task will develop a strategy to identify major
categories where sustainable materials and practices can be incorporated into final
design of alternatives.
• Bike/Ped Usage: Lowering greenhouse gases usage factors into the sustainable design
of an alternative. Pedestrian and bicycle facilities factor into reduced greenhouse gases.
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This task would evaluate how bike/ped facilities can be improved in relation to the
grade separation alternatives.
*The estimated scope and fee listed above for various studies is inclusive of work anticipated
for all three crossings (Churchill Avenue, Meadow Drive, and Charleston Road). In general,
these costs are not directly proportional to the number of crossings. Depending upon the City
Council direction, if a particular item needs exclusion from further study at any of the crossings,
the scope will be reviewed and negotiated with the consultant.
Next Steps
• Staff will perform a detailed review of Churchill Avenue Crossing in the fall of this year
including discussion on additional studies.
• Following the City Council's review of alternatives in detail and information on the
additional studies for all three crossings, staff will negotiate with AECOM Consultants,
the final scope and fee for this additional work. Staff will then return to Council for
approval of an amendment to the existing consultant contract for expanded scope of
work needed to accomplish additional work.
• Perform additional studies of selected alternatives as directed at each of the locations
and bring back additional information for Council consideration.
• Rail Committee to discuss the financial consideration.
• Direct staff to prepare the initial Project Study Report (PSR) that provides the summary
of actions and demonstrates the purpose, need, and provides the scope of the project
which is necessary to complete studies and the work needed for project approval and
environmental design.
The selection of preferred alternatives will therefore lead to the development of preliminary
engineering and preparation of environmental documents including the associated
Environmental Impact Report (EIR). The completion of Environmental documents will better
position the City to seek grant funding from Federal and State programs for such projects.
Depending upon the timing and funding availability, after the approval of EIR, the project will
move towards completion of final design documents and then followed by construction of
project improvements.
RESOURCE IMPACT
Preliminary scope and cost estimates to conduct additional studies were developed for all three
rail crossings (Churchill Avenue, Meadow Drive and Charleston Road) for Council’s review and
consideration for further staff direction. The recommendation to perform additional studies
needed to select the preferred alternative will result in direct resource impact. Amendment to
the Consultant Contract for performing these additional studies will be brought forward for
Council approval.
Funding for grade separation project of $2.3 million is programmed in the FY 2022 Adopted
Capital Improvement Budget for Railroad Grade Separation Project (PL-17001) that includes
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funding from 2016 Measure B Local Streets and Roads. The anticipated costs of the all the
studies for these crossings is estimated to range between $1.25 to $1.73 million. Funding for
future years is subject to City Council approval through the annual budget process.
Direction from the City Council regarding further work, outside those recommended in this
report, on the grade separation projects may lead to future resource impacts. As City Council
direction is provided, corresponding budget adjustments will be brought forward for approval
as appropriate. Rail grade separation projects are historically funded by the General Capital
Improvement Fund through funding sources such as Measure B, SB1 and in or through General
Fund support. Additional funding allocations will need to be taken into consideration of
competing needs and limited funding remaining as part of the general Capital Improvement
Fund.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
The proposed action is part of a planning study for a possible future action, which has not been
approved, adopted, or funded and is therefore exempt from the California Environmental
Quality Act (CEQA) in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15262. The future decision to
approve the construction of any one of the identified potential alternatives would be subject to
CEQA and require the preparation of an environmental analysis. Environmental review and
design for the grade separation project will be performed in the subsequent steps of the
project development.
DOCUMENTS
All of the project related documents are posted on the project webpage here:
https://connectingpaloalto.com/. Here are direct links furthered for Council consideration and
public information as part of this staff report:
• Fact Sheets & Matrix
• Renderings & Animations
• Traffic Analysis Report
• Noise & Vibration Report
• Virtual Townhall Page
XCAP Final Report & Appendix
Appendix A contains Fact Sheets, Matrix, Renderings and Plans (created by AECOM). Appendix
B contains general information. Appendix C contains XCAP materials. Due to file size limitations,
the Appendix is broken into six parts:
• XCAP Final Report
Part 1: Appendix A-1 thru A-2-1
Part 2: Appendix A-2-2 (01-04)
Part 3: Appendix A-2-2 (05-08)
Part 4: Appendix A-2-3 thru A-6
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Part 5: Appendix B
Part 6: Appendix C
Attachments:
• Attachment6.a: Exhibit A: Presentation for Grade Separation Project
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City Council Study Session
Connecting Palo Alto
Rail Grade Separation Project
August 23, 2021 www.cityofpaloalto.org1
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Discussion Outline
§Introduction
§Detailed Review of Meadow-Charleston Alternatives
§Overview/Discussion on additional Studies
§Summary & Recommendations
§Public Comments
§Councilmembers Question & Comments
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Purpose
§Review and discuss additional studies that will help in furthering the selection of
preferred alternative(s) for Meadow and Charleston grade separation.
§Direct staff on the additional studies that staff should pursue to evaluate the Meadow
Drive and Charleston Road Grade crossings.
§Following the City Council meeting tonight, staff recommends:
1.Review of Churchill Avenue Grade Crossing details and direction to staff for
additional studies (September/October 2021).
2.To initiate contract amendment and finalize scope with Consultant to perform
recommended additional work for all three crossings (October/November 2021)
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Review of Issues from Study Session
§Detailed Design Review
§Additional Studies for review:
4
§Track Review and Caltrain
Coordination
§Traffic Study Update (2040)
§Design Refinement of Underpass
Alternatives
§Preliminary Geotechnical
Investigations
§Box Jacking System/Geotechnical
Investigation & Feasibility Study
§Shadow Analysis (Light Plane
Review)
§Additional Noise Study
§Storm Drainage Infrastructure
§Additional Outreach
§Urban Designer
§Conceptual Design for Ped/Bike
Undercrossing At Seale And Loma
Verde
§Sustainability
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Meadow Charleston –Alternatives
§Viaduct
§Trench
§Hybrid
§Underpass
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Meadow –Charleston –Viaduct
Plan and Profile
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Meadow –Charleston –Viaduct
Rendering
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Meadow-Charleston –Trench
Plan and Profile
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Meadow –Charleston –Trench
Rendering
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Looking South towards Meadow Drive
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Meadow -Charleston –Hybrid
Plan and Profile
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Meadow Drive –Hybrid
Layout
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Charleston Drive –Hybrid
Layout
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Meadow –Charleston –Hybrid
Rendering
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Meadow Drive –Underpass
Layout
Restricted Movements
•Eastbound Right
•Westbound Left
•Northbound Left
and Right
(U-Turn at Alma Village)
•Ped/Bike Crossings
at 2nd Street on west
side and Emerson
Street on east side
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Meadow Drive Underpass
Renderings
15
Looking North on Alma St Looking West on Meadow Dr
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Charleston –Underpass
Layout
Movements
Accommodated via
Roundabout:
•Eastbound Left
•Northbound Left
•Southbound Right
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Charleston Road Underpass
Renderings
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Looking South on Alma St Looking West on Charleston Rd
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Question about the Noise Study
§The noise report Table 5-1 is intended to provide a qualitative accounting of which
proposed design alternatives would help reduce which noise sources.
§Both Hybrid and Viaduct design alternatives are generally expected to reduce both
wheel/rail and engine noise (with noted exceptions for diesel locomotive engine
noise at second row receptors).
§Noise reduction is due primarily to the presence of the 6-foot parapet noise barriers
that are included as an integral part of those alternatives specifically to reduce
wheel/rail and EMU engine noise.
§The short/parapet noise barriers could be added as a stand only treatment for at
grade trains, but even if they were, they would still create a wheel/rail and engine
noise reduction for the hybrid and viaduct alternatives.However, switching to EMUs
alone, or grade crossing closure alone, or underpass alternative alone, would not
provide a notable reduction for wheel/rail noise
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Track Review and Caltrain Coordination
19
Scope of Work
§Gather Data from Caltrain
§Evaluate Alternatives
§Meet with Caltrain
§Prepare Memorandum Report
§Determining if 4 tracks would not be precluded, as indicated in the Caltrain
Business Plan, could potentially eliminate one or more alternatives.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 90,000 –$ 110,000
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Traffic Study Update (2040)
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Scope of Work
§Model Land Use and Forecast
§Traffic Calculations
§Documentation
§Since Palo Alto has not identified any growth beyond 2030, updating traffic
volumes for 2040 land use would only affect zones outside of Palo Alto, and
thus not make a significant difference to volumes in the project’s study area.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 45,000 –$ 55,000
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Design Refinement of Underpass Alternatives
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Scope of Work
§Enhance Alternatives
§Update Exhibits & Renderings
§Update Cost Estimates
§Update Miscellaneous Items
§Documentation
§Further study defines the alternatives in more detail and could provide additional
information on the alternatives; however, this information may not help narrow the
alternatives.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 125,000 –$ 150,000
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Preliminary Geotechnical Investigations
22
Scope of Work
§Data Collection and Review –Groundwater and Geotechnical
§Field Investigation –Two CPT Borings
§Memorandum Report –Draft and Final
§Geotech investigations are typically completed during the next phase; however,
could confirm assumptions and unit costs, and could help determine if the box
jacking method has some merit.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 130,000 –$ 160,000
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Box Jacking System/Geotechnical Investigation & Feasibility Study
23
Scope of Work
§Data Collection and Review –Groundwater and Geotechnical
§Construction Methodology Evaluation
§Construction Phasing / Sequencing
§3D Animation
§Cost Estimates & Memorandum Report
§Relatively costly study since there are many aspects to consider (structural,
geotechnical, groundwater, traffic impacts, etc.), and Caltrain would likely not
review/endorse the construction method in this preliminary phase. In addition,
there may not be cost savings realized with the Box Jacking System.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 350,000 –$ 600,000
Geotech Preliminary: $ 125,000 –$ 150,000
Structural Analysis $230,00-$450,000
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Shadow Analysis (Light Plane Review)
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Scope of Work
§3D Model Development
§Shadow Analysis
§Study Documentation and Final Report
§Visual impact studies are typically completed during the next phase; however,
could help better understand one of the visual impacts of an elevated structure.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 20,000 –$ 25,000
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Additional Noise Study
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Scope of Work
§Expand Study Area/Measurements:
§Expand Analysis for Future Growth
§Analyze Structural Noise/Vibration
§Update Noise Study Report
§Adding Caltrain’s long-term (2040) growth forecasts and the potential addition of
substantial HSR activity to the analysis could cause some of the alternative
recommendations to shift.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 55,000 –$ 65,000
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Storm Drainage Infrastructure
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Scope of Work
§Evaluate Drainage for Trench Alternatives
§Evaluate Drainage for Underpass Alternatives
§Prepare Memorandum Report
§Could further define the impacts related to creek crossings, pump stations and
siphons; and could help to better define drainage costs for all alternatives.
§Negotiations with the regulatory agencies for permit approvals to divert the creeks
for the trench would be lengthy and challenging since there are other “least
impacting” alternatives that could be considered.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 200,000 –$250,000
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Additional Outreach
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Scope of Work
§Conduct Meetings with Additional Stakeholders
§Prepare Meeting Notes
§Could help gather feedback and refine some details, and thus make it easier to
narrow the alternatives under consideration.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 15,000 –$20,000
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Urban Design
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Scope of Work
§Urban Design / Public Realm Opportunity Mapping
§Urban Design / Public Realm Design Enhancements
§Meetings
§Further study defines the alternatives in more detail and could provide additional
information on the alternatives; however, this information may not help narrow
the alternatives.
§This task is typically performed after the selection of the preferred alternative.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 100,000 –$125,000
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Conceptual Design for Ped/Bike Undercrossing
At Seale And Loma Verde
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Scope of Work
§Conceptual Layouts
§Cost Estimates
§3D Renderings
§Miscellaneous Public Outreach Materials
§The City is expecting Seale and/or Loma Verde to be reviewed as part of the City’s
Ped/Bike Transportation Plan update and these projects would be independent of
the grade separation study.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 80,000 –$100,000
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Sustainability
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Scope of Work
§Sustainability Strategy Plan
§Bike/Ped Usage
§This is typically completed during the next phase, and likely would not
help narrow the alternatives.
Preliminary Cost Estimate
$ 50,000 –$80,000
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Summary of Additional Studies: Potential Prioritization
High Medium Low
Track Review and Caltrain
Coordination
Design Refinement of Underpass
Alternatives Traffic Study Update (2040)
Additional Outreach Preliminary Geotechnical Study Box Jacking System/Geotechnical
Investigation & Feasibility Study
Shadow Analysis (Light Plane Review)Urban Designer
Additional Noise Study
Conceptual Design for Ped/Bike
Undercrossing
At Seale And Loma Verde
Storm Drainage Infrastructure Sustainability
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Council Action & Resulting Next Steps
The goal is to provide grade separation and improve traffic safety and circulation across the
Caltrain Corridor. Recognizing this goal, tonight staff is seeking Council direction to:
1)Possibly reduce the number of alternatives for further consideration
2)Provide direction on desired additional studies to help in further the selection of
preferred alternative(s) for Meadow and Charleston grade separation
Next Steps:
The following are some of the potential items for consideration at the next Study Session:
Ø Invite regional partners like Caltrain and Valley Transportation Agency (VTA) to
discuss City Council’s concerns and questions
Ø Perform additional studies of selected alternatives as directed at each of the
locations and bring back additional information for Council consideration
Ø Narrow the number of alternatives further for selection of preferred alternative(s)
Ø Direct staff to prepare the Project Study Report
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