HomeMy WebLinkAbout2000-11-13 City Council (24)TO:
C ty
HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
City of Palo Alto
Manager’s Report
6
FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: HUMAN RESOURCES
DATE:
SUBJECT:
NOVEMBER 13, 2000 CMR: 406:00
APPROVAL OF A RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY
OF PALO ALTO AMENDING CHAPTERS 3 (EMPLOYMENT) AND
4 (TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT) OF THE MERIT SYSTEM
RULES AND REGULATIONS TO REVISE THE NEPOTISM POLICY,
ELIMINATING CERTAIN FAMILY MEMBER EMPLOYMENT
RESTRICTIONS
RECOMMENDATION
This report recommends Council approval of a resolution amending Chapters 3 and 4 of the
Merit System Rules and Regulations to revise the Nepotism Policy, eliminating certain
family member employment restrictions.
BACKGROUND
The City’s Nepotism Policy is set forth in Chapters 3 and 4 of the Merit System Rules and
Regulations. This policy precludes the employment of relatives within the same City
department or division. In 1999, the Nepotism Policy was the subject of a bargaining
impasse during negotiations between the City of Palo Alto and the Palo Alto Professional
Fire Fighters, Local 1319..
DISCUSSION
An arbitration award was made in October1999 (complete text is attached). As a result of
this award, immediate family members who are otherwise qualified and are hired, may under
certain conditions become employees within the same department. The conditions include
that an employee shall not: 1) participate in any part of the hiring process when a member
of the employee’s immediate family is an applicant for a position with the City; 2) participate
in any part of the promotional process when a member of the employee’s immediate family
is an applicant for promotion within the City; or 3) be assigned as a direct supervisor of a
member of the employee’s immediate family.
CMR: 406:00 Page 1 of 2
The action proposed in this report amends sections 302 (b) and 402 of the Merit System
Rules and Regulations to provide that this change in policy become effective for all City
departments.
RESOURCE IMPACT
There will be no cost impact associated with this change.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
This recommendation establishes a new policy for employing family members within the
same department.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
This is not a project under the California Environmental Quality Act.
ATTACHMENTS
A: Resolution Amending City of Palo Alto Merit System Rules and Regulations,
Chapters 3 (Employment) and 4 (Termination of Employment)
B: Board of Arbitration Decision and Award, dated October 11, 1999
PREPARED BY: Susan B. Ryersog
DEPARTMENT HEAD:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
qlanager of Employee Relations and Compensation
c. ROUNDS
Dir~e~tor of Human Resources
AUD~
Assistant to the City Manager -,
CMR: 406:00 Page 2 of 2
RESOLUTION NO.
RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
PALO ALTO AMENDING SECTIONS 302 and 403
OF THE MERIT SYSTEM RULES AND REGULATIONS
REGARDING NEPOTISM
NOW, THEREFORE, the Council of the City of Palo Alto
does RESOLVE as follows:
SECTION i. Sections 302 and 403 of the Merit System
Rules and Regulations is hereby amended to read as set forth on
Exhibit "A" attached hereto and incorporated herein by
reference:
SECTION 2. The changes provided for in this resolution
shall not affect any right established or accrued, or any
offense or act committed, or any penalty of forfeiture incurred,
or any prosecution, suit, or proceeding pending or any judgment
rendered prior to the effective date of this resolution.
SECTION 3. The Council finds that this is not a
project under the California Environmental Quality Act and,
therefore, no environmental impact assessment is necessary.
INTRODUCED AND PASSED:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST:APPROVED:
City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Senior Asst. City Attorney
Mayor
City Manager
Director of Human Resources
Director of Administrative
Services
001010 el 0032372
EXHIBIT "A"
a)Notwithstanding Section 301, no member of the immediate family
of an active Council Member, or a designated employe~, may
become an employee during the term of that Council Member or
the period of employment of the designated employee. This
section does not apply to two members of an immediate family
who are authorized to share a single position.
b)Notwithstanding Section 301, if a member of the immediate
family of a City employee, other than a designated employee,
becomes an employee within the same department, as that City
employee, the following conditions to such employment
arrangement shall apply:
No employee shall participate in any part of the hiring
process when a member of the employee’s immediate family
is an applicant for a position with the City.
(2)No employee shall participate -in any part of the
promotional process when a member of the employee’s
immediate family is an applicant for promotion within the
City.
(3)No employee shall be assigned as a direct supervisor of
a member of the employee’s immediate family.
No employee or designated employee shall employ, appoint,
recommend for appointment or in any other manner participate
or attempt to participate in the hiring, promotion, demotion,
termination or discipline of any member of his or her
immediate family.
(d)For purposes of this section, the following definitions are in
effect:
(i)"Immediate family" means the spouse, parent, sibling or
child of the employee.
(2)"Employee" means an individual hired for hourly, regular
full-time, regular part-time or contract employment, a
director of a department or an individual serving as a
member of a City board or commission.
(3)
001012 cl 0032394a
"Designated employee" means an employee who is a Council-
Appointed Officer or Assistant City Manager. It is
hereby determined that, for business reasons of
supervision, safety, security and morale,, a member of the
immediate family of such a designated employee may not be
employed within the City.
1
(4)"Department" means a department specified in Chapter 2.08
of the Palo Ai.to Municipal Code.
40--3. Termination; non-disciplinary action.
(a)An employee may be terminated by the appointing authority at
any time, for inability to perform the duties of the position.
Regular employees shall be given a written statement of the
reasons for such termination and may appeal such action in the
manner provided in Section 1004.
(b)If any employee and a Council Member or a designated employee
become members of the same immediate family (through marriage
or adoption), or if a member of an employee’s immediate family
is elected to the City Council or becomes a designated
employee, one of the persons must leave City employment or
elective office. If the two persons have not made a choice
within 30 days of the establishment of the family
relationship, or the election to office, or the assumption of
the new position, the City Manager shall have sole discretion
to choose which family member shall be terminated and shall
terminate that person. If the relationship is between a
Council Member and a City employee, the employee shall be
terminated.
(c)If twoemployees, other than designated employees, within the
same department become members of the same immediate family
(through marriage or adoption), the employees shall notify
their department head and the Director of Human Resources.
The department head and the Human Resources Department shall
enforce the conditions of continued employment of the
employees, which are set ’forth in Section 302(b of these
Merit System Rules and Regulations.
(d)Regular and part-time employees shall be given a written
statement of the reasons for termination under this section
and may appeal such action in the manner provided in Chapter
Ii.
(e)For purposes of subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the
definitions contained in Section 302(d) of these Merit System
Rules and Regulations are in effect.
001012 cl 0032394a 2
EXHIBIT "A"
(a Notwithstanding Section 301, no member of the immediate family
of an active Council’Member, or a designated employee, may
become an employee during the term of that Council Member or
the period of employment of the designated employee. This
section does not apply to two members of an immediate family
who are authorized to share a single position.
(b ~ ........if a member of theNotwithstanding Section 301, .....~ ....
immediate family of a City employee, other than a designated
employee, may not becomes an employee within the same
~~ ~"~-~.]City~ml...................as that em oyee, if the Dircctor of
the following conditions to such emplo~ent arrangement shall
apply:
(1 No employee shall participate in any part of the hirin~
process when a member of the employee’s immediate family
is an applicant for a position with the City.
(2 No employee shall participate in any part of the
promotional process when a member of the employee’s
immediate family is an applicant for promotion within the
(3 No employee shall be assigned as a direct supervisor of
a member of the employee’s immediate family.
001012 c10032394 1
(d)
(e)
No employee or designated employee shall employ, appoint,
recommend for appointment or in any other manner participate
or attempt to participate in the hiring, promotion, demotion,
termination or discipline of any member of his or her
immediate family.
For purposes of this section, the following definitions are in
effect:
(1)"Immediate family" means the spouse, parent, sibling or
child of the employee.
(2)
(3)
"Employee" means an individual hired for hourly, regular
full-time, regular part-time or contract employment, a
director of a department or an individual serving as a
member of a City board or commission.
"Designated employee" means an employee who is a Council-
Appointed Officer or Assistant City Manager. It is
hereby determined that, for business reasons of
supervision, safety, security and morale, a member of the
immediate family of such a designated employee may not be
employed within the City.
~--5-~(4) ]’Department" means a department specified in Chapter
2.08 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code.
403. Termination; non-disciplinary action.
(a)An employee may be terminated by the appointing authority at
any time, for inability to perform the duties of the position.
Regular employees shall be given a written statement of the
reasons for such termination and may appeal such action in the
manner provided in Section 1004.
(b)If any employee and a Council Member or a~designated employee
become members of the same immediate family (through marriage
or adoption), or if a member of an employee’s immediate family
is elected to the City Council or becomes a designated
employee, one of the persons must leave City employment or
elective office. If the two persons have not made a choice
within 30 days of the establishment of the family
relationship, or the election to office, or the assumption of
the new position, the City Manager shall have sole discretion
to choose which family member shall be terminated and shall
terminate that person. If the relationship is between a
Council Member and a City employee, the employee shall be
terminated.
001012 c10032394 2
(d
(e
If two employees, other than designated employees, within the
same
, become members of the same i~ediate
family (through marriage or adoption), the employees shall
notify their department head and the Director of Human
Resources. The department head and the Human Resources
Department shall enforce the conditions of continued
employment of the employees, which are set forth in Section
302(b) of these Merit System Rules and Regulations. mak~ a
......~.oo ..........person shall Icavcthe two ~ ...... s invslvcd shall -~ ....
~.........Dcpartment shall not ~---~ ~ ~ ....; ......
haz~ -~ .....~pler for married sou es than for
; or leave City -~-" ~om~}~on~ ~or the reason of
Regular and part-time employees shall be given a written
statement of the reasons for ~ termination under this
section and may appeal such action in the manner provided in
Chapter Ii.
For purposes of subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the
definitions contained in Section 302(d) of these Merit System
Rules and Regulations are in effect.
001012 c10032394 3
BOARD OF ARBITRATION DECISION AND AWARD
IMPASSE ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS
CITY OF PALO ALTO
Employer,
and
PALO ALTO PROFESSIONAL
FIREFIGHTERSASSN.
LOCAL 1319,
Union
Nepotism Policy
For the Employer:
For the Union:
Arbitration Board:
Richard Whitmore, Esq.
Whitmore, Johnson & Bolanos
Mountain View, California
Alan Davis, Esq.
Davis & Reno
San Francisco, California
Tony Spitilari Union Member
Jay Rounds, City Member
Thomas Angelo, Neutral Chair
October 11, 1999
Paqe 2 City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
SUMMARY
This dispute arises out of a bargaining relationship
between the City of Palo Alto (hereinafter "Employer" or
"City’) and the Palo Alto Professional Firefighters, Local
1319 (hereinafter "Union"), and concerns a bargaining
impasse reached during negotiations conducted pursuant to
terms of a Memorandum of Agreement (M.O.A.) and the Charter
of the City of Palo Alto. The sole matter in controversy
involves the Union’s effort to change the City’s Nepotism
Policy. These proceedings were conducted pursuant to
Article V of the City Charter. (Union Exh. i).
STATEMENT OF ISSUES
Under the Charter provisions the Board is required to
select "whichever last offer of settlement" most closely
conforms with "those factors traditionally taken into
consideration in the determination of wages, hours, and
other terms and conditions of public and private
employment." The City’s final offer reads as follows:
o.. To maintain the status quo with no change in the
current MOA between Local 1319 and the City, and no
change in City Merit Rule 302.!/
~he City’s Merit Rule addresses "Nepotism’ and precludes hhe "spouse,
parent, sibling or child" of an employee from employment in the same
division or department as the employee. The Rule permits two siblings
to be employed in the same division or department only if they are
"hourly’ employees, work in different locations and have no supervisory
relationship.
Page 3 City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
The Union’s final offer would create a new contract
provision regarding "Employment of Relatives:"
Section 4. Employment of Relatives. The City and the
Fire Department shall not discriminate against any
employee or applicant for employment on the basis of
that employee’s or applicant’s relation by blood,
marriage or adoption to any other employee or
applicant, except as provided in the following
procedures for employment, promotion and supervisory
relationships of relatives in the Fire Department.
The Fire Department may employ relatives of current
employees in all positions represented by the Union.
For the purposes of this Section 4, "relative" shall
be defined as any person who is related by blood,
marriage or adoption. By mutual agreement of the
parties to the Memorandum of Agreement, the definition
of "relative" may include other relatives and/or
domestic partners.
The following procedures shall govern the employment,
promotion and supervisory relationships of relatives
in the Fire Department:
o
No employee of the Fire Department shall
participate in any part of the hiring process
when a relative is an applicant for a
position in the Fire Department.
No employee of the Fire Department shall
participate in any part of the promotional
process when a relative is an applicant for
promotion in the Fire Department.
No employee of the Fire Department who is a
supervisor shall be assigned as a direct
supervisor of a relative.
The parties stipulated the matter is properly before’the
Arbitration Board for resolution.
3
Page 4 City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
STATEMENT OF FACTS
The facts surrounding this impasse are not in serious
dispute, and the controversy rests completely on whether
the City’s long-standing nepotism policy should be changed
with respect to Fire Department employees. The Union
argues that all ~benchmark agencies" (those traditionally
compared with the City as to terms and conditions of
employment) permit the employment of relatives. In
negotiations and at hearing~the Union also asserted the
existing policy was discriminatory, damaged the
Department’s efforts to build diversity, and was contrary
to merit rules supporting equal opportunity for qualified
employees and applicants. These claims were addressed in
the evidence and arguments provided by the Union at hearing
and in its post-hearing brief.
The City contends the Union has failed to carry its
burden of showing a change in existing policy is justified.
It denies its nepotism policies are discriminatory under
either Federal or State law, and argues that similar
policies have been upheld in a variety of forums. It
argues that adoption of the Union’s proposal would hinder
the City’s ability to prevent illegal discrimination and
cronyism in the public service, and would exacerbate
Page 5 City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
existing employee concerns regarding favoritism and safety
issues .~/
In this latter regard the Union conducted a "Work
Climate Surve!’ within the unit and some 85% of the
firefighters who responded believed "favoritism" affected
Department efficiency and 75% believed it affected "safet!’
issues. The Union disputes both the import and weight to
be afforded the survey. In any event, the City argues it
would be "foolish to open the floodgates of nepotism" in
light of existing unit employee concerns. (City Brf. pg.
8).
As to the "benchmark" agencies cited by the Union, the
City argues the data is not appropriate in resolving the
type of policy question at issue here. It distinguishes
the evidence on the basis there is no evidence to show
other departments have the type of ~work climate" present
in Palo Alto, and argues that comparability evidence is of
little assistance outside of financial issues. (City Brf.
pgs. 9,10, citing Indianapolis Power & Light and Electrical
Utility Workers Union, 73 L.A. 512 (Anderson, 1979), where
Arbitrator Anderson suggested this type of policy decision
Among other things the City points out that the Union’s proposal would
not preclude employees from interanl lobbying for relatives being
considered for hire or promotion.
5
Paqe 6 City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
was a "management decision" that should not be "interfered
with" by arbitrators.) Further, the City contends that
exempting the Fire Department from what is otherwise a
citywide policy would create an unnecessary and disruptive
difference in working conditions.
A hearing on the impasse was conducted on March 12,
1999, at which time the parties were afforded a full
opportunity to present evidence and argument regarding
their respective positions. Helpful post,hearing briefs
were submitted on or about May 3, 1999 and the matter was
submitted.~/
DISCUSSION
In agreement with the City, the "burden" in this case
rests with the Union. This is so because it seeks to
change a twenty-year policy that has not spawned any
concrete personnel problems. What this means, in practical
terms, is that the union must provide sufficient evidence
to demonstrate its proposed change is warranted in light of
the standards by which the Board is to be governed. In
order words, the Board must find "those factors
traditionally taken into consideration in the determination
This opinion was delayed due ~o my health problems and I apologize to
the parties for any inconvenience caused as a result.
6
Page 7 City of Palo Alto and
Palo A~to Prof. Firefiqhters
Nepotism Policy
of wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of public.
and private employment~ support the Union’s position.
Initially, the City has raised a number of valid
points regarding the necessity of continuing its nepotism
policy. For one thing, the policy does provide insulation
against employees or applicants seeking to challenge non-
advancement or hiring on the basis that a "relative" was
hired. For another, to the extent the policy cuts off an
area of perceived favoritism it serves to enhance belief in
the merit system. And, of course, every employer prefers
to maintain a consistent, wall-to-wall, personnel policy so
as to avoid a proliferation of personnel policies within
its workforce.
Also, I agree with the City’s argument that the policy
is not discriminatory within the meaning of applicable law.
While the Union’s objectives regarding diversity are
laudable, a fairly applied nepotism policy is not illegal.
These and other arguments raised by the City, present
strong, cogent arguments in favor of retaining current City
nepotism rules.
The Board’s mandate is to consider "traditional
factors" in resolving an impasse. One such factor is the
practice and experience of other, similar jurisdictions.
In this regard the Union has presented compelling evidence
.~a@e 8 City of Palo Alto_and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Polic?
that "benchmark" agencies in other municipalities operate
without strict nepotism rules and have no discernable
problems in doing so.~/
The City argues comparability evidence is not as
persuasive in "polic!’ disputes as it would be with respect
to financial matters. The problem is the standards that
govern the Board’s deliberations do not limit comparability
evidence to financial issues nor direct they should be
afforded lesser weight outside that area. Thus, the Board
can’t ignore the practice and experience of other
jurisdictions in dealing with the issue of nepotism.~/
The Board has also considered the results of the
Union’s survey. As the City points out, the survey
suggests thereis a concern among unit employees that
favoritism exists within the Department. The question for
the Board, however, is whether those complaints have
substantive merit.
There is a dearth of information to suggest there is
merit to the bargaining unit’s concern~ while considerable
Eight other departments have no nepotism policies, while three have
limited rules. (Union Exh. I0).5/
Nor does the fact that some arbitrators have characterized such
policies as ~management rights" warrant a limited consideration by the
Board. The fact is the policy is a condition of employment and has
been stipulated aS properly before the Board for resolution. It
follows that we are obligated to consider the proposals regardless of
its "policy’ nature.
Page 9 City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefiqhters
Nepotism Policy
affirmative evidence exists to indicate it is lacking in
substance. There have been no grievances filed over the
alleged favoritism, let alone any that have been sustained.
Hiring and promotional procedures are designed to avoid
subjective influences and include third par~y participation
and testing to determine qualifications. And both parties
believe the Union’.s nepotism proposal can be fairly
implemented.
This does not mean the reality of the workplace must
be ignored, and the fact is employees believe there are
favoritism factors at work in Palo Alto. But it is equally
clear that many employee groups, especially those with an
opportunity to kibitz, tend to create complaints where none
really exist. Here the survey was prompted by an unfounded
claim that the City Manager used firefighters for personal
assistance at her home, hardly an attack on unfair
personnel policies. Moreover, none of the complaints
received provided details to suggest how favoritism
adversely affected working conditions.Z/
In the Board’s view the parties need to address the
perception of the bargaining unit, even if it does not
In fact, it remains unclear how "safety’ has been compromised by the
alleged favoritism since no details were provided in the survey or at
hearing.
9
Page I0 City of Palo A~to and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
reflect the reality of the situation. The solution,
however, does not require that otherwise meritorious
proposals be rejected. Instead employees with concerns
should be encouraged to grieve or otherwise complain about
perceived violations so as to permit the parties to the
M.O.A. to investigate and confirm the propriety of a hiring
or promotional action. Further, employees and managers
should report perceived merit violations, including the
type of "subtle pressuresH that might arise from employees
lobbying on behalf of relatives.
The City has also expressed concerns over the
potential for litigation under the nepotism policy. While
it is true that the potential will be increased, there is
no reason to believe such actions will have success. So
long as the applicable procedures are followed, and merit
principles govern the decisional process, the City need not
fear liability from such litigation.
Finally, the City’s objections appear to be based on
speculation as to what might happen under the proposal.
Since the City for some 20 years has operated under the
current work rule there is no intra-City experience to
guide the Board. However, it is’evident that comparable
jurisdictions have worked under modified nepotism policies
i0
Paqe Ii City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
without problem, and there is no reason for the Board to
believe the City will encounter a different experience.
In considering the Union’s final offer the Board notes
that it contains protections against the obvious conflicts
that might arise where relatives are employed in the same
department. It is equally clear from the record that the
Union’s proposal does not present any insurmountable
administrative problems. Therefore, the proposal itself is
not objectionable.~
Finally, the Board appreciates that adoption of the
Union proposal would carve out the Department from what
would otherwise be a citywide rule regarding nepotism. It
is not unusual for different bargaining units to develop
different conditions of employment as a consequence of
negotiations, so the loss of consistency is not an
inherently problematic event. Moreover, this is not a case
where employees who work together.are subject to different
rules, since the claus~ is limited to one Department.
The Board therefore finds the Union’s proposal should
be adopted on the basis that it satisfies traditional
factors used in the private and public sectors for the
resolution of bargaining disputes. Moreover, if the
parties discover the proposa! needs "fine tuning~ to
obviate unanticipated operational problems, that can be
ii
Paqe 12 City of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
accomplished in two ways. First, the Chief will have
considerable operational discretion in the implementation
of the proposal, a°fact both he and the Union acknowledge.
Thus, by practice the parties can insure the Union’s
proposal is fairly applied. Second, nothing precludes the
parties from revisiting the rule in future negotiations,
where they will have the benefit of experience to guide
-their proposals.
For the above reasons the Union’s offer is accepted
and shall become part of the parties M.O.A.
12
page 13 city of Palo Alto and
Palo Alto Prof. Firefighters
Nepotism Policy
AWARD
The Union’s final offer is adopted.
October ii, 1999
Thomas Chair
Union Member ( ~ oncur ( ) dissent
Jay City Member ( ) concur (~dissent
13