HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 4203
City of Palo Alto (ID # 4203)
City Council Staff Report
Report Type: Action Items Meeting Date: 10/28/2013
City of Palo Alto Page 1
Summary Title: Fiber-to-Premise and Wireless Network Plans
Title: Technology and the Connected City Committee Recommendation to
Develop Master Plan to Build Out the City’s Fiber Optic System to Provide
Fiber-to-the-Premise and Develop Complementary Wireless Network Plan
From: City Manager
Lead Department: City Manager
Recommendation
The Technology and the Connected City Committee recommends that the City Council direct
staff to:
1. Develop a Fiber-to-the-Premise Master Plan and conduct a request for proposals to
build out the existing dark fiber optic backbone system in Palo Alto.
2. Develop a Wireless Network Plan with a near-term focus on WiFi, and a long-term
consideration of other wireless technologies.
Background
The Technology and the Connected City Committee (Committee) held its first meeting on May
14, 2013. Staff provided an overview of the history of the fiber system and the attempts to
expand the system for citywide use. Attachment A provides a summary of the City’s dark fiber
optic backbone system expansion. The Committee recommended the development of a work
plan to evaluate the feasibility of building out a citywide Fiber-to-the-Premise (FTTP) Network in
Palo Alto and appointment of a Citizen Advisory Committee to assist in the evaluation. Staff
also provided an update on the City’s upcoming technology initiatives. On June 24, 2013, the
Council approved the Committee’s recommendations to direct staff to develop a work plan and
requested the City Manager to appoint a Citizen Advisory Committee.
On September 17, 2013, the Committee met to review staff’s recommendation that the City
proactively develop a Master Plan and conduct a RFP to build out the fiber system for FTTP, in
City of Palo Alto Page 2
addition to developing a complementary Wireless Network1 Plan in a sequence that addresses
both near term and long term objectives. The Committee approved by unanimous vote to
forward the recommendations in the staff report to the City Council for approval. Attachment
B provides the staff report and meeting minutes from the September 17, 2013 Committee
meeting.
Discussion
Fiber-to-the-Premise Master Plan and RFPs
To develop the Fiber-to-the-Premise (FTTP) Master Plan, staff recommends conducting an RFP
(RFP #1) to retain a consulting firm with expertise in developing plans and RFPs for government
agencies contemplating building broadband networks. Once the Master Plan is developed an
RFP (RFP #2) would be issued for a third party telecommunications service provider to build and
operate the network.
The estimated cost to develop the Master Plan and conduct the RFPs is approximately $150,000
- $350,000 (depending largely on the level of required environmental review) and will include
facilitating an engineering study to develop a network design and cost estimate to build the
FTTP Network, evaluate legal and regulatory issues, and complete the environmental review.
The estimated timeframe to develop the Master Plan and conduct RFP #1 and RFP #2 is nine
months and will require the time of approximately 1.75 FTEs over the nine month period. This
accelerated timeline is an estimate based on City-managed processes being prioritized over
other work and for vendor capability to meet the expedited timeline. In addition, unknown at
this time is an accurate timeline to complete the CEQA requirements. Attachment C provides
both a high level and a detailed schedule to develop the Master Plan and conduct the RFP
process.
Wireless Network Plan and RFP
In addition to developing a Master Plan and conducting an RFP for FTTP, wireless solutions
should also be evaluated. Staff recommends conducting an RFP (RFP #3) to retain professional
services from a wireless communications consulting firm with experience working with local
governments to develop the options and plans to build a wireless network. Staff estimates the
cost will be up to $100,000 and will take six to nine months to complete the Wireless Network
Plan. As with the FTTP work, this accelerated timeline is an estimate based on City-managed
processes being prioritized over other work and for vendor capability to meet the expedited
timeline. Attachment C provides both a high level and a detailed schedule to develop the
Wireless Network Plan.
1 The term “wireless” includes a large set of technologies that support cellular, radio and WiFi. WiFi is a single
specific technology.
City of Palo Alto Page 3
Upon completion of the Wireless Network Plan, the findings and recommendations will be
submitted to the Committee and the Council to assist the Council members with formulating a
final vision and direction for the deployment of a wireless network. Staff estimates the cost to
build a citywide wireless network to be in the range of $3 to $5 million. The projected ongoing
support and maintenance cost to operate the network will also be addressed in the Wireless
Network Plan.
Citizen Advisory Committee Formation
An Advisory Committee will be appointed by the City Manager to provide objective advice, from
a citizen perspective, to the City Manager and the Technology Committee. The primary role of
the advisors is to work with the Committee, City Manager and City staff to develop the Master
Plan and support the work necessary to develop recommendations for FTTP and wireless
deployments to the Committee and City Council.
To date, eight members of the community have expressed interest in sitting on an Advisory
Committee. The City Manager will select candidates based on their knowledge of the
telecommunications industry and applicable technologies; familiarity with municipal broadband
initiatives in Palo Alto and other communities; understanding of the various business models
for deploying fiber and wireless networks, and an interest in the public policy issues affecting
government owned and operated broadband networks.
Resource Impact
Licensing dark fiber is a financially successful enterprise for the City and generates a steady
revenue stream that can support the City’s goal of becoming a “leading digital city.” The Fiber
Optics Fund Rate Stabilization Reserve had a balance of $15.3 million as of the end of fiscal year
2013. There is also a $1.0 million Emergency Plant Replacement Reserve for the fiber system to
cover the liability insurance deductible amount if there is an unforeseen emergency requiring
equipment to be repaired or replaced. Staff recommends leveraging the Fiber Optics Fund Rate
Stabilization Reserve to develop the FTTP Master Plan and the Wireless Network Plan. The City
Attorney has indicated that the Fiber Optics Fund Rate Stabilization Reserve can be used for
fiber and wireless communication services, including developing a FTTP Master Plan, as well as
planning for building and operating wireless network services. Cost estimates are as follows:
FTTP Master Plan $150,000-$350,000 (depending on required environmental review)
Wireless Network Plan $100,000 (up to)
Total $250,000-$450,000
Following the requests for proposals, staff will return with a budget amendment ordinance to
allocate funding from the Fiber Optics Fund Rate Stabilization Reserve for the associated
consultant agreements.
Policy Implications
City of Palo Alto Page 4
This recommendation is consistent with the Telecommunications Policy adopted by the Council
in 1997, to facilitate advanced telecommunications services in Palo Alto in an environmentally
sound manner.
Reference CMR: 369:97 Proposed Telecommunications Policy Statements.
Environmental Review
The development of an FTTP Master Plan and a Wireless Network Plan are not projects under
the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) as feasibility and planning studies are exempt
under CEQA Guidelines Section 15262. The City plans on conducting a full CEQA review as soon
as the project is defined enough to permit a sufficient review.
Attachments:
Attachment A. Summary of Dark Fiber Optic Backbone System Expansion (DOC)
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report (PDF)
Attachment C. Schedule (PDF)
Attachment A: Summary of Dark Fiber Optic Backbone System Expansion
1
Summary of Dark Fiber Optic Backbone System Expansion
In 1999, the City issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for the “High-Speed Universal
Telecommunications Project.” No viable bids were received.
From 2000 to 2005, a Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) trial was conducted at sixty-six (66) homes
in the Community Center neighborhood. The trial proved technical feasibility.
From 2002 to 2004, staff and a consulting firm developed a FTTH business plan. The plan
demonstrated that a FTTH utility could be “economically viable” over a 20-yearconstruction
bond period, assuming the Electric Fund would issue the revenue bonds. However, upon
further legal analysis by the City Attorney, the Electric Utility could not continue to fund the
FTTH project. If bonds were issued to build a citywide FTTH network, they could not be
backed by revenues from City of Palo Alto Utilities (CPAU).
In 2006, the City issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for the construction and operation of a
“City-wide Ultra-High Speed Bandwidth System.” The RFP process resulted in negotiations
with a “Consortium” of three firms to build a citywide FTTP network. Ultimately the City
was unwilling to raise the amount of capital that the Consortium wanted from the City to
participate. Additionally, with the economic downturn in 2008, the Consortium’s ability to
obtain their own financing was severely impacted and they withdrew from participation in
early 2009.
In 2009 and early 2010, at Council’s direction, staff worked to evaluate the feasibility of
submitting a federal stimulus grant application for FTTP under the National
Telecommunication and Information Administration’s (NTIA) Broadband Technology
Opportunities Program (BTOP). Once the NTIA issued its project funding criteria, staff
concluded that a municipal FTTP project would not qualify for a grant since Palo Alto did not
meet the definition of a community “unserved” or “underserved” by broadband service
providers.
In February 2010, Council directed staff to submit a response to Google’s Fiber for
Communities Request for Information (RFI) to build and test “ultra-high speed broadband
networks.” In 2011, Google selected Kansas City, Kansas, and Kansas City, Missouri for their
first network deployments and have since announced plans to expand their network into
the surrounding suburbs of each city. In April 2013, Google announced plans to deploy a
network in Austin, Texas and also announced the purchase of an existing municipal FTTP
network in Provo, Utah.
In 2011, staff and a consulting firm developed a two phase “conceptual plan” which
proposed using the Fiber Optics Fund reserve to construct broadband telecommunications
hub sites at the City’s nine (9) electric substations (Phase 1), and expanding network access
from these hub sites to eighty-eight (88) neighborhood access points or “nodes” (Phase 2).
The plan was proposed to establish an economic incentive for a private FTTP firm to
Attachment A: Summary of Dark Fiber Optic Backbone System Expansion
2
construct the “last mile” of the network to serve residential and commercial premises. The
plan was reviewed by the Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) on June 1, 2011 and the
Finance Committee on November 15, 2011.
In 2012, staff and two consultants evaluated a “user-financed” FTTP business model, which
relied on homeowners to pay on a voluntary basis for some or all of the cost to build out the
existing dark fiber network into residential neighborhoods. Based on the findings of a
community survey and a financial analysis, it was determined that a fully user-financed
citywide FTTP system is not possible to achieve. An opt-in FTTP network could be built using
a combination of upfront user fees and City financing; however, there is a low probability of
the debt being repaid by operating revenues. Ongoing subsidies would be required, very
likely in excess of surpluses in the Fiber Optics Fund reserve from licensing dark fiber for
commercial purposes. The findings of the user-financed FTTP business model were
reviewed by the UAC on June 6, 2012.
On June 6, 2012, Utilities staff recommended to the UAC to: (1) continue the current
business model for licensing dark fiber service connections to commercial customer, (2)
discontinue efforts to evaluate and implement phased initiatives top build out the fiber
system for residential Fiber-to-the-Premise using the fiber fund reserve, and (3) initiate an
evaluation to determine if the City should use the fiber fund reserve to finance the
construction and operation of a wireless network which leverages and augments the City’s
fiber system. The UAC voted 4-3 to accept staff’s recommendations.
City of Palo Alto (ID # 4080)
Technology Committee Staff Report
Report Type: Meeting Date: 9/17/2013
City of Palo Alto Page 1
Summary Title: Master Plan to Provide Fiber-to-the Premise and Wireless
Network Plan
Title: Develop Master Plan to Build Out the City's Dark Fiber Optic System to
Provide Fiber-to-the-Premise and Develop Complmentary Wireless Network
Plan
From: City Manager
Lead Department: City Manager
Recommendation
Staff recommends that the Technology and Connected City Committee recommend Council
direct staff to:
1. Develop a Fiber-to-the-Premise Master Plan and conduct a request for proposals to
build out the existing dark fiber optic system in Palo Alto.
2. Develop a Wireless Network Plan with a near-term focus on WiFi, and a long-term
consideration of other wireless technologies.
Executive Summary
Progressive cities want to ensure their residents, businesses and anchor institutions have access
to ubiquitous and reliable ultra high-speed1 broadband connectivity. With this goal in mind, and
in response to Council’s directive, staff is recommending that the City proactively develop a
Fiber-to-the-Premise (FTTP) Master Plan and a Request for Proposals (RFP) to build out the dark
fiber optic system (fiber system) in Palo Alto. Staff also recommends developing a
complmentary Wireless Network2 Plan in a sequence that addresses both near term and long
term objectives.
The FTTP Master Plan will identify the design and specifications of the network. The City will
1 “Ultra high-speed” broadband connectivity refers to a telecommunications network that would provide speeds in
excess of 100 megabits per second (Mbps).
2 The term “wireless” includes a large set of technologies that support cellular, radio and “WiFi.” WiFi is a single
specific technology.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
City of Palo Alto Page 2
also conduct any environmental review that may be needed in preparation for a subsequent
competitive process to attract a third party telecommunications provider to build and operate
the network. The Wireless Network Plan will provide a city-wide needs assessment, evaluate
how the existing fiber system and other City-owned infrastructure can be fully leveraged to
support a citywide multifunctional wireless network, recommend a network design that would
best support the City, and provide a business plan with capital and operational cost estimates.
This staff report also provides an update on the creation of a Citizen Advisory Committee.
Background
The Technology and Connected City Committee held its first meeting on May 14, 2013.
Attachment provides meeting minutes. The Committee recommended that staff develop a
work plan to evaluate the feasibility of building a citywide high-speed broadband FTTP network
in Palo Alto, and create a Citizen Advisory Committee to assist in the evaluation. The City
Council approved the Committee’s recommendations on June 24, 2013.
Discussion
Fiber-to-the-Premise Master Plan and RFP
Since the late 1990s, the City has worked to develop a viable business plan to expand the fiber
system for residential use. From 2001 to 2005, these efforts included a FTTP trial to prove
technical feasibility. The trial was successful in terms of proving technical feasibility, but when
initial investment and overhead expenditures were included in the calculation for the business
case, it did not appear that a citywide build-out would be economically viable. As a result, from
2002 to 2004, City of Palo Alto Utilities (CPAU) staff worked with a telecommunications
consultant to develop a FTTP business case and business plan. The final business plan
demonstrated that a FTTP utility could be “economically viable” over a 20-year construction
bond period, assuming the Electric Fund would issue revenue bonds. However, upon further
legal analysis by the City Attorney, it was determined that the Electric Utility could not continue
to fund the FTTP Project. Additionally, no Electric or other Enterprise Utility Revenue Bonds
could be issued, and financing costs would be greater than those assumed in the plan.
In 2006, the City issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) for the construction and operation of a
“City-wide ultra-high speed bandwidth system.” The RFP process resulted in negotiations with
a “Consortium” of three firms to build a citywide FTTP network. Ultimately the City was
unwilling to raise the amount of capital that the Consortium wanted from the City to
participate. Additionally, with the economic downturn in 2008, the Consortium’s ability to
obtain their own financing was severely impacted and they withdrew from participation in early
2009.
At Council’s direction, in 2009 and early 2010 staff worked to evaluate the feasibility of
submitting a federal stimulus grant application for FTTP under the National Telecommunication
and Information Administration’s (NTIA) Broadband Technology Opportunities Program (BTOP).
Once the NTIA issued its project funding criteria, staff concluded that a municipal FTTP project
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
City of Palo Alto Page 3
would not qualify for a grant since Palo Alto did not meet the definition of a community
“unserved” or “underserved” by broadband service providers. In February 2010, Council
directed staff to submit a response to Google’s Fiber for Communities Request for Information
(RFI) to build and test “ultra-high speed broadband networks.” In 2011, Google selected Kansas
City, Kansas, and Kansas City, Missouri for their first network deployments and have since
announced plans to expand their network into the surrounding suburbs of each city. In April
2013, Google announced plans to deploy a network in Austin, Texas and also announced the
purchase of an existing municipal FTTP network in Provo, Utah.
Citywide Ultra High-Speed Broadband System Project
After the negotiations with the Consortium ended, Council directed staff to explore the use of
the fiber fund reserve to independently proceed with a phased build-out of the existing fiber
system. In response, staff developed a two-phased “conceptual plan” for the Citywide Ultra
High-Speed Broadband System Project. The plan was reviewed by the UAC on June 1, 2011 and
the Finance Committee on November 15, 2011.
User-Financed FTTP
In 2012, staff conducted a study of an alternative FTTP business model that relies on
homeowners to voluntarily pay for some or all of the cost to build out the fiber system into
residential neighborhoods with an “open access,” broadband-only service.3 To analyze the
feasibility of the user-financed FTTP model, market research was developed based on a
community survey conducted by RKS Research and Consulting, in addition to a financial
assessment prepared by Tellus Venture Associates (TVA). The RKS survey results affirmed that
residents view CPAU as a respected and competent provider of core utility services. A
measureable number of homeowners are interested in adding telecom to the list of services
they can purchase from CPAU, but a commitment to invest in a fiber connection is very limited.
TVA’s report concluded that a fully user-financed citywide FTTP network is not possible. An
opt-in FTTP network can be built using a combination of upfront user fees and City financing,
but there is very little probability of the debt incurred being repaid through operations.
Ongoing subsidies would be required, almost certainly in excess of the surpluses generated by
the licensing of dark fiber for commercial purposes. Based on the market research and financial
analysis prepared for the conceptual plan and the assessment of the user-financed FTTP
business model, staff concluded there was no reasonable fiscal basis to pursue either approach.
On June 6, 2012, by a vote of 4 to 3, the Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) accepted staff’s
recommendations to 1) continue the current business model for licensing dark fiber service
connections to commercial customers, 2) discontinue efforts to evaluate and implement
3 In an open access, broadband-only service model the network owner treats the network as a common carrier (like
public roads). The network owner invites multiple independent broadband service providers onto the network to
compete for customers on the basis of service, price and quality. The network owner generates revenues by
collecting network transport fees paid by the independent service providers to use the network for the delivery of
voice, video and data services.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
City of Palo Alto Page 4
phased initiatives to build out the dark optical fiber backbone network, and 3) retain a wireless
communications consultant to study the feasibility of using the fiber fund reserve to build a
municipal wireless network.
FTTP Master Plan and RFP
The City has evaluated viable business plans/models to expand the fiber system for residential
use since the late 1990s. Given the upturn in the economy, the City believes that there is a
renewed interest from telecommunications service providers in building an advanced
competitive broadband network in Palo Alto. Staff believes the best way to attract these
providers is to develop a broadband Master Plan, including proactively designing the FTTP
network, defining appropriate network specifications and conducting any necessary
environmental review under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) in preparation for
an RFP.
To develop the Master Plan, staff recommends retaining a consulting firm with an expertise in
developing plans and RFPs for government agencies contemplating building FTTP and wireless
networks. Once the Master Plan is developed, the objective is to issue an RFP for a third party
telecommunications service provider to build and operate the network. The estimated cost to
develop the Master Plan and conduct the RFP is approximately $150,000 - $350,000 (depending
largely on the level of required environmental review) and will include facilitating an
engineering study to develop the infrastructure plan and estimate the cost to build the FTTP
network, evaluate legal and regulatory issues, and complete environmental review. The
estimated timeframe to develop the Plan and conduct the RFP is nine months and will require
the time of approximately 1.75 FTEs over the nine month period.
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Wireless Network Plan and RFP
In addition to developing a Master Plan and RFP for bring FTTP, wireless solutions should also
be employed. The term “wireless” as defined here includes a large set of technologies that
support cellular, radio and “WiFi.” The City’s fiber system has enough coverage and capacity to
support an overlay of a multifunctional wireless network. Moreover, cities with fiber systems
have an inherent advantage in deploying wireless networks since fiber provides essential
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
City of Palo Alto Page 5
“backhaul”4 transmission links to support high data rates over wireless networks.
With appropriate design and sufficient budget, municipal wireless networks can support
remote and mobile broadband needs for public safety personnel and other field-based staff, in
addition to potentially offering WiFi Internet access for the general public. Furthermore,
specialized uses such as a wireless communications system for smart grid applications can also
be accommodated by a multifunctional wireless network with the proper design and
technology.
Staff recommends issuing a Request for Proposal (RFP) to retain professional services from a
wireless communications firm with experience working with local governments to develop the
options and plans to build a wireless network. Staff estimates the cost will be $100,000 and will
take six to nine months to complete the Wireless Network Plan. The general scope of work for
the Plan includes, but is not limited to, the following tasks and deliverables:
Define the City’s wireless broadband goals and objectives based on conducting a “user
group” needs assessment among all City departments, including public safety. This task
would also include an assessment of the type of wireless communication system required to
support future deployment of Smart Grid applications.
Provide an assessment of how the general public and City could use the network for WiFi
access to the Internet in the near term.
Provide an analysis of using wireless data services from the commercial carriers as opposed
to building a dedicated municipal network for a variety of wireless applications to support
City services.
Evaluate how the existing fiber system and other City-owned infrastructure and properties
can be fully leveraged to support a citywide multifunctional wireless network.
Assess the various technologies used to build municipal wireless networks and recommend
which technologies and network design would best support end-user needs and the City’s
present and future goals and objectives for wireless services.
Prepare a preliminary business plan with capital and operational cost estimates.
Upon completion of the Wireless Network Plan, the findings and recommendations will be
submitted to the Technology Committee and the Council to assist the Council members with
formulating a final vision and direction for the deployment of a wireless network. Staff
estimates the cost to build a citywide wireless network to be in the range of $3 to $5
million. The projected ongoing support and maintenance cost to operate the network will also
be addressed in the Wireless Plan.
4 “Backhaul” is a term used to describe the transmission of customer usage data from a collection point in a
wireless network back to a central point or network backbone. If a fiber network is in place, it can put wireless
access points anywhere and offer each a dedicated amount of bandwidth in excess of what would be possible with
a purely wireless network known as the “all radio approach.”
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
City of Palo Alto Page 6
Other Potential Near-term WiFi Actions
Understanding the time that will be needed to develop both the Fiber Master Plan and WiFi
Plan, in the interim, staff recommends evaluating and implementing where practical, near term
solutions that are impactful to the community and municipal services. For example, expanding
WiFi capabilities in additional parks, plazas, University and/or Cal Avenues, and/or identifying
the most troubling dead zones in Palo Alto and deploying WiFi, etc.
Citizen Advisory Committee Update
An Advisory Committee will be appointed by the City Manager to provide objective advice, from
a citizen perspective, to the City Manager and the Technology Committee. The primary role of
the advisors is to work with the Technology Committee, City Manager and City staff to develop
the Fiber Master Plan and support the work necessary to develop recommendations for FTTP
and wireless deployments to the Technology Committee and City Council.
To date, eight members of the community have expressed interest in sitting on a Committee.
The City Manager will select candidates based on their knowledge of the telecommunications
industry and applicable technologies; familiarity with municipal broadband initiatives in Palo
Alto and other communities; understanding of the various business models for deploying fiber
and wireless networks; and interest in the public policy issues affecting government owned and
operated broadband networks.
Resource Impact
Licensing dark fiber is a financially successful enterprise for the City and generates a steady
revenue stream that can support the City’s goal of becoming a “leading digital city.” The fiber
fund reserve is $15.3 million as of the end of fiscal year 2013. There is also a $1.0 million
Emergency Plant Replacement Fund for the fiber system. The City Attorney has provided CPAU
staff with an opinion that the fiber fund reserve can be used for fiber and wireless
communication services, including developing a Fiber Master Plan, as well as planning for,
building and operating wireless network services. Staff recommends leveraging the fiber
reserve to develop the FTTP Master Plan and the Wireless Network Plan. Cost estimates are as
follows:
FTTP Master Plan $150,000-$350,000 (depending on required environmental review)
Wireless Network Plan $100,000 (up to)
Total $250,000-$450,000
Policy Implications
This recommendation is consistent with the Telecommunications Policy adopted by the Council
in 1997, to facilitate advanced telecommunications services in Palo Alto in an environmentally
sound manner.
Reference CMR: 369:97 Proposed Telecommunications Policy Statements.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
City of Palo Alto Page 7
Environmental Review
The development of an FTTP Master Plan and a wireless services plan are not projects under
the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) as feasibility and planning studies are exempt
under CEQA Guidelines Section 15262. The City plans on conducting a full CEQA review as soon
as the project is defined enough to permit a sufficient review.
Attachments:
Attachment A. May 14, 2013 Committee Meeting Minutes (PDF)
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
TECHNOLOGY AND THE CONNECTED CITY
MINUTES
Page 1 of 10
Special Meeting
September 17, 2013
Chairperson Kniss called the meeting to order at 4:03 P.M. in the Council
Conference Room, 250 Hamilton Avenue, Palo Alto, California.
Present: Klein, Kniss (Chair), Scharff, Shepherd
Absent:
AGENDA ITEMS
1. Update on Broadband Conference: “Bringing Together 21st Century
Cities,” New York City, September 10, 2013.
Chair Kniss announced she and Vice Mayor Shepherd attended the
conference held in Kansas City, Missouri.
Jim Fleming, Management Specialist for the Utilities Department reported
the Fiber to the Home Council Conference was held at the end of May 2013
in Kansas City, Missouri. Key factors to building a broadband network were:
1) community and local government leadership and support; 2) the review
and approval requirements by permitting and defining expeditious
processes; 3) use of existing infrastructure; 4) proactive improvement of
infrastructure; and 5) use of building codes and community development
plans to drive fiber deployment. He reviewed the various individual
meetings held at the conference and much information was available
through individual conversations, including think tanks and vendors.
Vice Mayor Shepherd indicated municipality participants were unusual at the
conference. Google's project was having typical utility-municipality issues.
Chair Kniss understood an important feature of broadband was content.
Mr. Fleming attended the Broadband Conference in New York with Council
Member Berman. The conference's purpose was to bring together leaders
from cities to develop a variety of approaches to broadband deployment as
well as those who were seeking gigabyte ultra-high speed connectivity. The
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
Page 2 of 10
Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
agenda for the meeting focused on 1) how cities were able to lead high
speed communities; 2) why cities faced challenging landscapes; 3)
strategies that led to success; and 4) how cities were able to collaborate.
He reviewed the main topics of the conference and shared comments made
by conference speakers. The most significant challenge to building a fiber
network was competition.
Chair Kniss inquired whether Austin, Texas government officials were
present at that conference.
Mr. Fleming replied no...
Chair Kniss asked which of the cities present at the conference were
successful in building a fiber network.
Mr. Fleming thought the latest projects were being constructed in Lafayette,
Louisiana and Chattanooga, Tennessee. Those projects were successful in
part because of community support for the projects.
Council Member Klein inquired about the number of people present at the
New York conference.
Mr. Fleming reported 14 cities were represented, and perhaps 30-40
individuals were present.
Council Member Klein inquired whether the conference would be held
annually.
Mr. Fleming said conference leaders would return with a method for
participants to collaborate.
Council Member Klein asked if Provo, Utah was represented at the
conference.
Mr. Fleming replied no.
Council Member Klein inquired whether Staff conferred with the three central
coast counties.
Mr. Fleming answered no. Much of the area in those counties did not have
access to broadband. The 395 Project in eastern California received a
significant amount of funds to build the network. Those communities were
underserved.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
Page 3 of 10
Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
Council Member Klein noted it was not unusual for residents of Santa Cruz to
work in Palo Alto. He felt broadband had not been in the news since the
Technology and the Connected City Committee (Committee) met last time.
Mr. Fleming believed communities were once again interested in broadband
opportunities. Several municipalities were present at the Kansas City
conference to learn about broadband. It was important for facilities and
infrastructure to be ready to accommodate broadband.
Council Member Klein inquired whether the Kansas City conference would be
an annual event.
Mr. Fleming replied yes. The Fiber to the Home Council held meetings
throughout the year.
Chair Kniss explained that the Fiber to the Home Council was a trade group.
Mr. Fleming added that members were municipalities, smaller
telecommunication companies, and vendors.
Vice Mayor Shepherd indicated the Google broadband project continued in
the research and development stage. Google was having difficulty enrolling
a sufficient number of residents to make the project viable in all
neighborhoods.
Mr. Fleming understood Google's strategy for those neighborhoods was to
offer a low-level tier of service.
Vice Mayor Shepherd added that some neighborhoods would not receive
broadband service in the near future.
Mr. Fleming explained that Google needed a certain level of aggregate
demand in fiberhood to build the network.
NO ACTION TAKEN
2. Develop Master Plan to Build Out the City's Dark Fiber Optic System to
Provide Fiber-to-the-Premise and Develop Complimentary Wireless
Network Plan.
James Keene, City Manager reported Staff's focus for the master plan was to
be fiber-friendly and to prepare the way for fiber. Concurrently, Staff
resurrected work prepared a few years ago on the issue of wireless
connectivity. He mentioned that Staff would clarify the idea of non-wired
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
Page 4 of 10
Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
connectivity and how that included both Wi-Fi and longer-term wireless
considerations. Staff was concerned about adequate service in the
community and did not wish to limit the community to only fiber services.
Staff needed the Council's direction with regard to a Citizen Advisory
Committee.
Jim Fleming, Management Specialist in the Utilities Department stated the
overarching goal of the master plan was to ensure that residents,
businesses, and anchor institutions receive access to ever-present and
reliable high speed broadband connectivity. Staff believed
telecommunication service providers were interested in building a network in
Palo Alto. To attract providers, he thought the master plan should include
an engineering study which created a design for the fiber-to-the-premise
(FTTP) networking and that it should have defined appropriate network
specifications for which it could be conducted in any necessary
environmental review under the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA). The master plan included estimating the total cost to build a
network and evaluate legal and regulatory issues. Once the master plan
was completed, Staff was able to develop a Request for Proposal (RFP) to
facilitate a competitive process to attract third-party telecommunication
service provider’s to build and operate the network.
Council Member Klein did not think Staff should assume the RFP would be
issued to attract a telecommunication service provider’s, he suggested the
City operate the network.
Mr. Fleming proposed that the Council review business models as part of
developing the master plan. Three types of business models were: 1) closed
access (the City would build and operate the system); 2) open access (the
City would build the system and Internet Service Providers (ISP) operated
the system); or 3) a partner or private party could build system. The
master plan needed to focus on attracting outside parties.
Council Member Klein wanted the Council to discuss all business models,
rather than just the master plan because he did not want to assume the use
of just one model.
Mr. Keene indicated the network design within the environmental review
process could allow Staff to provide recommendations to the Council. The
environmental review enabled the City to operate the network and to certify
it for a third-party use.
Council Member Klein needed to examine the various models utilized in other
cities first.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
Page 5 of 10
Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
Mr. Keene inquired whether the plan design restricted the Council's review of
models.
Mr. Fleming answered no. Staff recommended retaining a consulting firm to
develop a master plan with respect to building broadband networks. The
estimated cost to develop the master plan and to conduct the RFP process
was $150,000-$300,000, depending on the level of required environmental
review. If the environmental review resulted in a mitigated negative
declaration, the cost for review was $20,000-$50,000. If a full
Environmental Impact Report (EIR) was required, the cost changed to
$200,000-$250,000. The estimated timeline to develop a master plan and
conduct the RFP was nine months, and required the time of approximately
1.75 Full-Time Employees (FTE).
Vice Mayor Shepherd noted the City developed a business plan and technical
analysis for dark fiber.
Mr. Fleming added RKS performed the market research survey.
Vice Mayor Shepherd asked if Staff was repeating work previously
performed.
Mr. Fleming explained the core component of the master plan was an
engineering study to determine cost and network specifications.
Vice Mayor Shepherd inquired whether the engineering study provided
technical information rather than determine the model of the system.
Mr. Fleming responded yes. The City did not have a full engineering study
to determine the various components and needs for building the system.
Vice Mayor Shepherd inquired about the motivation for building an FTTP
network.
Mr. Fleming said the engineering study determined the type of network that
could be built and the differences among services already in place. The
study also provided exact costs for the community.
Vice Mayor Shepherd thought the engineering study was useful in
determining the motivation for building a network.
Mr. Fleming added that the engineering study would also determine the
assets the City had.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
Page 6 of 10
Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
Mayor Scharff asked if the next step was discussion of wireless.
Chair Kniss indicated that was the next part of the presentation.
Mr. Keene requested specific direction related to both fiber and wireless.
James Cook, Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) explained that the UAC did
not have guidance from the Council to pursue FTTP. Some of the
Commissioners were skeptical of the costs estimated earlier. He asked if the
City reviewed an EIR.
Chair Kniss responded yes.
Jeff Hoel recommended the method for choosing a consultant for the next
study should be different. He suggested that the first step be to count the
number of premises for each type, prior to hiring a consultant. Next, an
auditor needed to review the previous studies to determine inaccuracies. He
said the Council delayed consideration of wireless until a plan for fiber was
ready, and he reminded the audience that a wireless network was
implemented using the fiber infrastructure.
Andy Poggio felt it was premature to say in the master plan that a third
party would build, operate, and own the FTTP network. He suggested
reviewing the cost of building a FTTP network, then matching costs against
dark fiber revenues, and then reviewing plans. Implementation of wireless
technology needed to move slowly because a wireless overlay was easy and
inexpensive once fiber was deployed. The next question was whether the
FTTP network should supply video.
Herb Borock indicated that any RFP should be developed and approved by
the Council. Previous City Attorneys showed the City should not own the
optronics but could own the dark fiber. The City needed to allow citizens to
design the network. He thought they could utilize the dark fiber fund to
build the fiber plant, and then they could determine the network operator.
Chair Kniss was comfortable with Staff's recommendation for next steps.
Mayor Scharff supported Staff's recommendation with the exception of an
outside party operating the network. Staff needed to perform the scope of
work, retain the telecommunication consulting firm, and to conduct the
environmental review.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
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Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
Mr. Keene reported Staff would perform the basic work with consultant
assistance. He explained that Staff would return to the Technology and the
Connected City Committee (Committee) with a foundation for the network
design, the scale, and the results of the environmental review.
MOTION: Mayor Scharff moved, seconded by Council Member Klein to
recommend the City Council direct Staff to develop a Fiber-to-the-Premise
Master Plan and conduct a request for proposals to build out the existing
dark fiber optic system in Palo Alto.
Council Member Klein expressed concern about the timeline for initiating the
RFP process.
Mr. Keene explained that Staff's estimate of nine months included
environmental review and approval.
Council Member Klein hoped the City would not need an EIR for the project.
He asked if the timeline could be reduced to six months, if a reduced
negative declaration was possible.
Mr. Fleming responded yes.
Mr. Keene reported the timeline would be dependent on the scale of the
environmental review.
Council Member Klein was concerned the City would be considering out-of-
date technology because of the speed at which technology grew had
changed.
Chair Kniss inquired whether Council Member Klein could accept six to nine
months.
Council Member Klein noted the Motion did not contain a timeline.
Mr. Cook wanted to form a Citizen Advisory Committee; however, Staff was
waiting for direction on that aspect.
Mr. Keene noted Staff was waiting for direction regarding a Citizen Advisory
Committee and for the wireless subject to be discussed.
Chair Kniss indicated the wireless aspect was scheduled for discussion
towards the end of the meeting.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
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Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
Mayor Scharff wanted clarification on Staff's timeline for proceeding in six
months with a reduced negative declaration and in nine months with a full
environmental review.
Mr. Fleming stated the timeline was a guesstimate.
Mayor Scharff requested Staff provide updates.
Chair Kniss explained that the community would be aware of progress
through the Committee's meetings.
Vice Mayor Shepherd believed an engineering study would provide technical
information and costs regarding a network. The RFP process was outlined at
the Kansas City Conference, and Staff appeared to be following that outline.
MOTION PASSED: 4-0
Mr. Keene indicated Staff was not opposed to fiber.
Jonathan Reichental, Chief Information Officer agreed with public comment
regarding the evolving state of wireless technology. He believed that
wireless and fiber should not be codependent because wireless was a series
of technologies ranging from cellular to radio to Wi-Fi, and other emerging
technologies. Staff was studying the diversity of wireless solutions and
segregating near-term and long-term solutions. A fiber background
provided a better quality of connectivity for wireless technology. He
concluded that the scope of the proposed RFP ensured that Staff properly
assessed the potential uses and costs of each solution because wireless
technology was utilized to improve communication among Public Safety
teams and in the event of a major catastrophe. Staff wanted to explore
smart grid options and Wi-Fi as a public utility. He said the consultant would
quantify uses and costs for the community and provide timelines for
implementation.
Mr. Keene agreed the technical connection between fiber and Wi-Fi
technology was key. He suggested that the existing dark fiber ring could be
expanded to support wireless initiatives.
Mayor Scharff inquired about available wireless speeds.
Mr. Reichental established that Wi-Fi speeds were often slow or unavailable
but that Wi-Fi should be high speed for both upload and download.
Mayor Scharff wanted connectivity speed to be better than cellular speeds.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
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Final Minutes 9/17/13
Mr. Keene agreed that public Wi-Fi was often too slow for practical use.
Council Member Klein recalled the City of Mountain View's experience with
Wi-Fi did not work out, and requested comments.
Mr. Reichental noted the free municipal Wi-Fi in Mountain View was not good
enough to be used reliably.
Mr. Keene agreed the experiment did not work out well.
Mayor Scharff noted Santa Clara also had a Wi-Fi network operated from the
utility network.
Mr. Fleming explained that the network began as a private venture, and the
City bought the assets to use for smart grid communications.
Mayor Scharff inquired whether $3-5 million provided a Wi-Fi network that
operated more efficiently than cellular service.
Mr. Reichental indicated that $3-5 million was an educated guess and
included blended wireless solutions. To reach the best experience, the City
needed to provide more funds to build out the fiber network and to cover
more devices.
Vice Mayor Shepherd supported moving forward with wireless. She
understood the main metric for wireless and fiber was broadband speed and
asked how improved wireless benefited the quality of life in Palo Alto.
Mr. Reichental reported Wi-Fi could be beneficial to areas with a high
number of people using smart phones and tablets.
Vice Mayor Shepherd wanted to understand how implementing fiber and
wireless technology provided a savings to the City as a whole.
Mr. Reichental believed that more information could be provided by the
study that was being done to determine the demand. He guessed the
community would probably be interested in wireless availability in parks and
plazas. Public Safety departments were able to utilize other wireless
solutions for communications. The Utilities Department was able to explore
smart grid solutions through fiber and wireless technology.
Vice Mayor Shepherd felt the purpose of the project was to build emergency
preparedness and convenience.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
MINUTES
Page 10 of 10
Technology and the Connected City Special Meeting
Final Minutes 9/17/13
Mr. Reichental reported that the Emergency Services Director explored a
number of proposals that would potentially available to the City if disaster
happened.
Council Member Klein understood the Purchasing Department was often
responsible for delays in releasing proposals and information.
Mr. Keene explained that complexity in review and procurement
requirements resulted in proposals being returned to departments. Staff's
ability to provide accurate timelines was affected by that delay.
Andy Poggio reported three factors affected wireless speed: fundamental
technology, signal strength, and the number of people sharing an access
point. Wireless speed improved by utilizing the latest hardware and
providing more access points.
Mayor Scharff inquired whether an infinite number of access points could be
utilized with fiber.
Mr. Poggio explained the number of frequencies limited the number of
access points.
MOTION: Council Member Klein moved, seconded by Vice Mayor Shepherd
to request that Staff develop a Wireless Network Plan with a near-term focus
on Wi-Fi, and a long-term consideration of other wireless technologies.
Vice Mayor Shepherd felt the tension point would be Wi-Fi as a utility. She
understood the fiber fund could be utilized for wireless technology.
MOTION PASSED: 4-0
Mr. Keene suggested Staff return to the Committee in early November 2013
with an update. At that time, he planned on appointing a Citizen Advisory
Committee.
Chair Kniss requested the City Manager proceed with the Citizen Advisory
Committee.
Mr. Keene reported six to eight citizens expressed interest in serving on the
Citizen Advisory Committee. He was not bound to place all citizens who
volunteered on the Advisory Committee.
ADJOURNMENT: Meeting adjourned at 5:43 P.M.
Attachment B. 9-17-2013 Staff Report & Meeting Minutes
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ScheduletoDevelopFibertothePremiseMasterPlan
1. Milestones for conducting Request for Proposal (RFP #1) to retain consulting firm to
developMasterPlananddevelopRequestforProposal(RFP#2)tobuildouttheCity’sfiber
systemtoprovideFiber@to@the@Premise;
2. MilestonestoconductRFP#2toselectvendortobuildandoperateaFTTPNetwork;
Milestones
October28,2013
ReceiveCouncilapprovaltoactontherecommendationfromtheCouncilTechnologyandthe
Connected City Committee to develop a Fiber@to@the@Premise Master Plan and conduct a
RequestforProposaltobuildouttheexistingdarkfiberopticsystem.
November30,2013
ConductRequestforProposal(RFP#1)toretainconsultingfirmtoprepareMasterPlanforFTTP
Network.Note:thepurposeoftheMasterPlanistodevelopanengineeringstudyandcost
modelforaFTTPNetwork.BasedonthefindingsandrecommendationsintheMasterPlan,the
consultingfirmwilldevelopaRequestforProposal(RFP#2)forthepurposeofattractingathird
partytelecommunicationsserviceprovidertobuildandoperateaFTTPNetworkinPaloAlto.1
January15,2014
Vendorresponsesdue.Formpaneltoreviewvendorresponsesandconductinterviews
February1,2014
Conductvendorinterviews.
February15,2014
SelectvendortodevelopMasterPlanandRFP#2andmakerecommendationtotheCouncilto
awardacontract.
March1,2014
Awardcontracttovendor.
March15,2014
Vendorworkcommences.
June1,2014
VendorcompletesworkandsubmitsMasterPlanReportandRFP#2tostaffforreviewand
comments.
June15,2014
Planning and Environmental Services Department review Master Plan and determine if the
proposed FTTP Network warrants a mitigated negative declaration or a full Environmental
ImpactReport(EIR).
1 The FTTP engineering study and network design will be sufficient to meet review requirements under the
CaliforniaEnvironmentalQualityAct(CEQA).
ScheduletoDevelopFibertothePremiseMasterPlan
2
July15,2014
Contingentonthelevelofenvironmentalreviewrequired,conductRFP#2.ThepurposeofRFP
#2istoselectathirdpartytelecommunicationsserviceprovidertobuildaFTTPNetwork.Note:
thismilestonemaybeaffectedbytheamountoftimerequiredtoconducttheenvironmental
review.
October1,2014
ApprovalofCEQAdocumentation(longerifEnvironmentalImpactReportrequired)
September1,2014
Vendorresponsesdue.Formpaneltoreviewresponses.
September15,2014
Conductvendorinterviews.
October15,2014
SelectvendortobuildandoperateFTTPNetwork.
November15,2014
RecommendvendorcontractawardtoCouncil.
ScheduletoDevelopWirelessNetworkPlan
3
Milestones
October28,2013
ReceiveCouncilapprovaltoactonrecommendationfromtheTechnologyandtheConnected
CityCommitteetodevelopaWirelessNetworkPlanwithanear@termfocusonWiFi,andalong@
termconsiderationofotherwirelesstechnologies.
November30,2013
IssueRequestforProposal(RFP)toretainconsultingfirmtoprepareWirelessNetworkPlan.
January15,2014
Vendorresponsesdue.Formpaneltoreviewvendorresponsesandconductinterviews.
February1,2013
Conductvendorinterviews.
February15,2013
SelectvendortodevelopWirelessNetworkPlan.
March1,2014
Awardcontracttovendor.
March31,2014
Vendorbeginswork.
July15,2014
VendorsubmitsreportforWirelessNetworkPlan.
August1,2014
BasedonWirelessNetworkPlan,staffrecommendationtotheTechnologyandtheConnected
CityCommittee.ReviewandapprovaloftherecommendationmayalsoberequiredbyUtilities
AdvisoryCommissionandCouncilFinanceCommittee.
September2014
CommitteerecommendationtotheCouncil.
October2014
BasedonCouncilapprovaloftherecommendationanddirection,staffdevelopsactionplan.
November2014
BasedonCouncildirection,issueRequestforProposaltoretainvendortobuildandoperate
wirelessnetwork.
Late2015
Wirelessnetworkactivated.