HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 11315
City of Palo Alto (ID # 11315)
City Council Staff Report
Report Type: Action Items Meeting Date: 5/4/2020
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Summary Title: Potential Financial Scenarios due to the Current COVID-19
Emergency
Title: Review of the Potential Financial Scenarios due to the Current COVID-
19 Emergency and Direction to Staff on the Continued Development of the FY
2021 Budget
From: City Manager
Lead Department: Administrative Services
Recommendation
Staff recommends that the City Council select a financial scenario to be used for planning and
issuance of the FY 2021 revised operating and capital budgets to be considered by the City
Council during their budget deliberations beginning May 11, 2020.
Background
In light of the disruptions caused by novel coronavirus (COVID-19), staff has been working with
the City Council on a modified budget process for the development of the FY 2021 proposed
operating and capital budgets. Based on the approved action by the City Council on March 23,
2020, CMR #11208, and in accordance with the City Charter, staff provided a baseline budget
on April 20, 2020 for both the operating and capital budgets. At the time of the development of
the FY 2021 budget, the world is grappling with COVID-19, a global pandemic. The financial
implications of this public health emergency are significant, with regional, national and global
impacts on economies in response to shelter in place orders required by the State of California
and the County of Santa Clara and related social distancing restrictions.
On March 12, 2020 the City Manager, acting as the Director of Emergency Services, issued a
Proclamation of Local Emergency regarding the presence and community spread of COVID-19 in
Santa Clara County and our region. On Sunday, March 15, 2020, the City Manager activated the
Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and since that time, the City has managed the EOC virtually
through a cross-functional multi-departmental team. On March 16, 2020, the City Council
ratified the Proclamation of Local Emergency.
The proposed budgets released in April reflect the cost of current service levels recalculated to
FY 2021 rates and limited adjustments and were in response to City Council direction to be used
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as baseline for further Council deliberations. The capital budget was updated with current cost
estimates of projects based on engineering designs and only adds limited new projects for
urgent health and safety needs. Despite reflecting most recent figures, the release of the
proposed budgets revenue estimates contained in these budgets were released knowing that
the revenue estimates would need to be revised and additional work would be needed to
balance the budgets reflecting the current public health emergency.
Discussion
While mindful of the unprecedented circumstances in front of us as a City, this staff report
provides additional details to inform the City Council and to gain further direction for staff to
return with revised proposed budgets for consideration beginning on May 11. The scenarios
outlined in this staff report reflect the tough budget decisions ahead of us.
Depending on the length and depth of this current public health emergency, the severity of the
financial ramifications remain unknown. In the General Fund, staff provided an estimate that
major General Fund taxes would decline at minimum by $20.0 million in FY 2021 compared to
the estimates carried in the baseline budget. Based on revised information, potential timelines
and State criteria developed for the lifting of the shelter in place order, staff has provided two
scenarios for the City Council to discuss and provide guidance to staff on which scenario to use
to prepare the FY 2021 Proposed Budget. Inevitably, the scenario chosen will directly correlate
with the level of service impacts that may be felt. Ultimately it is estimated that the City may
face between a $20 million and $39 million loss in major tax revenues during the next fiscal
year. Staff anticipates revenues will fall somewhere between these two scenarios. As federal,
state, and local agencies gain more clarity of the financial implications of this public health
emergency, staff will update Council and recommend additional options or adjustments, as
needed.
High-level Scenarios
Scenario A: This scenario originally looked at what a natural disaster may look like, what some
refer to as a “V” economic recovery where there is a precipitous reduction due to typically
physical event such as a hurricane, and once the event has passed, a quick recovery is seen.
This scenario has been removed as an option to consider at this point as the shelter in place
period continues to be extended and this is unlikely to be a viable model.
Scenario B: This scenario assumes a shelter in place order through this spring/early summer,
with an economic recessionary period slowing growth once the order is lifted. This scenario also
reflects impacts related to longer term social distancing requirements to continue.
Scenario C: This scenario assumes a shelter in place order through the winter, with an
economic recessionary period dampening the growth once the order is lifted. This reflects a
much slower recovery as the lifting of the shelter in pace order is approached in phases through
the calendar year.
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Major Tax Revenue Assumptions and Related Financial Scenario Impacts
The table below provides a summary of major tax revenue for the City of Palo Alto including
both historical and projected collections. Of note, the FY 2020 modified budget reflects the
revenue estimates as approved by the City Council in the FY 2020 Mid-Year Budget Review,
approved on March 2, 2020, and reflects revenue estimates prior to the COVID-19 emergency.
Staff expects the FY 2020 General Fund budget to see significant losses, projecting a deficit of
$20 million in the General Fund in FY 2020. The FY 2021 Proposed Budget reflects the baseline
revenue estimates published in the April 20, 2020 budget documents. These, as discussed
earlier, reflect estimates prior to the COVID-19 emergency and are provided to assist in
articulating the magnitude of the estimated revenue losses and specifically the impact on the
FY 2021 budget proceedings that the Council will continue on May 11, 2020. Details on the
revenue assumptions behind these scenarios follows the table.
The table also highlights staff assumptions related to tax revenue based on Scenario B and
Scenario C impacts. Scenario B includes a $20 million shortfall with an additional $4.3 million
impact to the General Fund CIP due to TOT losses. Scenario C includes a $38.7 million shortfall
with an additional $9.2 million impact to the General Fund CIP due to TOT losses.
FY 2018
Actuals
FY 2019
Actuals
FY 2020
Modified
Budget
2/20/2020
FY 2021
Proposed
4/20/2020
FY 2021
Scenario B
chng
vs
FY20
chng
vs
FY21
FY 2021
Scenario C
chng
vs
FY20
chng
vs
FY21
Property Taxes 42,839,330$ 47,327,394$ 50,576,000$ 52,863,000$ 52,600,000$ 4%0%52,000,000$ 3%-2%
Sales Taxes 31,091,158$ 36,507,728$ 36,085,000$ 37,605,000$ 26,500,000$ -27%-30%20,500,000$ -43%-45%
Transient Occupancy Tax 24,937,066$ 25,648,696$ 26,554,853$ 29,689,000$ 23,800,000$ -10%-20%14,900,000$ -44%-50%
Utility Users Tax 15,414,275$ 16,402,044$ 17,572,071$ 17,553,000$ 16,000,000$ -9%-9%15,100,000$ -14%-14%
Documentary Transfer Tax 9,228,905$ 6,922,609$ 8,100,292$ 8,016,000$ 5,600,000$ -31%-30%4,700,000$ -42%-41%
Return on Investments 1,436,979$ 2,018,018$ 1,388,100$ 1,367,700$ 1,300,000$ -6%-5%1,100,000$ -21%-20%
Subtotal Major Tax Revenues 124,947,713$ 134,826,488$ 140,276,316$ 147,093,700$ 125,800,000$ -10%-14%108,300,000$ -23%-26%
Change from FY 2021 Proposed (21,293,700)$ (38,793,700)$
Estimated Impact to General Fund CIP due to TOT loss (4,539,000)$ (8,455,000)$
GF 13,328,000$ 8,344,000$
Scenario B assumes a shelter in place order through this spring/early summer, with an
economic recessionary period dampening the growth once the order is lifted. As such, it is
expected in this scenario, once the shelter in place order lifted, that as soon as June, businesses
would be able to re-open and movement within society would be able to begin at some level.
People would be able to return to economic engines such as the downtown core, California
Avenue, and Stanford Shopping Center to support local restaurants and retail establishments.
Both limited business and visitor travel would resume to some level allowing for increased
activity in our hotel occupancy levels, restaurants, and retail. These activities, although sluggish
compared to levels prior to COVID-19, would allow for some revenue collection through Sales
Tax and Transient Occupancy Taxes during the beginning of FY 2021, with continued slow
growth through the end of FY 2021. Due to the timing of property tax assessments and the tax
cycle, a delay in impacts to the City’s revenues are expected and assumed in this scenario.
Scenario C assumes a shelter in place order with a very slow phased lifting of that order through
the calendar year. This would result in continued restrictions on travel and other related
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impacts as a result of social distancing, continued closure of populous locations and local
economic engines such as the downtown core, California Avenue, and Stanford Shopping
Center and other related business activities remain significantly impacted during this
timeframe. Once the shelter in place order is eventually lifted halfway through the year,
following in 2021, recessionary levels of activity would continue with long-term constrains on
discretionary spending of both businesses and consumers alike. This scenario is a very
pessimistic protracted shelter in place and would result in significant extended closure of many
“non-essential” businesses. This is likely too pessimistic and should be considered as an
extreme level of impact. This is evidenced by the recent news as of April 29, 2020, referenced
later in this report, where the County is beginning to ease some restrictions already.
Not included in either of these scenarios are the additional factors that may have both a
positive or negative impact on these scenarios. For example, these do not assume changes in
licenses and fees for services from recreation and educational classes, to regulatory fees for
activities such as construction. Staff expects to monitor these cost recovery activities and
adjust both revenues and expenses to maintain cost recovery levels depending on the activity
levels. With the recent April 29, 2020 announcement by the Santa Clara County Public Health
Officer easing certain economic restrictions associated with the revised Shelter in Place Order
beginning on May 4, it is anticipated that construction will begin to rebound quicker than the
current assumptions outlined in both Scenario B and C. Lastly, preliminary figures from CalPERS
reflect that original expected investment returns will not be met this year. CalPERS is currently
hovering around -1 percent to +1 percent in investment earnings. It is expected that the
impacts to CalPERS’ investment portfolio will materialize in the City's FY 2022-2023 retirement
rates and continue through a 20-year period.
Budget Balancing Options for Consideration
In conclusion, the City Council has several options to consider on how to continue to address
the financial impacts of COVID-19 and proactively plan for a shelter in place order extension
and other impacts, and a recessionary recovery, while maintaining flexibility due to the
significant number of unknowns still before us. Below are a few options to consider as direction
to the staff regarding potential FY 2021 budget balancing actions:
1) Build a FY 2021 proposed budget assuming Scenario B
2) Build a FY 2021 proposed budget assuming Scenario B with a Tier 2 plan that balances
no less than 50% of Scenario C
3) Build a FY 2021 proposed budget assuming Scenario C
The significant unknowns that the City is facing in terms of the duration and type of shelter in
place continues to be a moving target, as noted above with the recent easing of County Shelter
in Place restrictions which could have a positive impact on the City’s economy in the shorter
term. The changes continue to be swift and being able to react in a nimble way, while
prioritizing our ability to reengage services and serve this community continues to be a high
priority.
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Based on Council direction today, staff will return with budget proposals that respond to the
severity of the financial ramifications before us, recognizing the City Council’s adopted Budget
Principles as approved in the FY 2021–2030 General Fund Long Range Financial Forecast, and
including new Budget and Fiscal Recovery Priorities to help guide our work to balance this
significant change and continue to evolve through these uncertain times.
These priorities include supporting economic recovery through changes to our policies and
programs; focusing on resiliency over the long term, while making service reductions and
changes; ensuring that any services eliminated can be restored in future years; seeking new
ways to conduct our work through efficiencies and a learning environment; applying citywide
approaches to reductions where possible, and using temporary solutions to bridge extreme
revenue losses expected in the short term.
Timeline
This is the next step in the multi-step process for review of the FY 2021 budget. Next, the
Finance Committee will review the Electric and Gas utility rates for FY 2021 and the financial
forecasts for those utilities on May 5, 2020. Staff will return to the full City Council May 11-13,
2020 for budget discussions surrounding the action necessary to balance the FY 2021 budget
with these revised assumptions, including service reductions and department specific budget
proposals. Final balancing actions will be reviewed on May 26, 2020 with the full Council and
ultimately FY 2021 Budget adoption is scheduled for June 22, 2020, as required by the City’s
Charter. The City’s new fiscal year begins on July 1, 2020.
Stakeholder Engagement
Staff continues to bring incremental steps to the City Council for continued check-ins and
engagement on the financial outlook for the City in both FY 2020 and FY 2021. Based on the
timeline outlined above, staff is also planning to inform and engage the public and the
workforce during the month of May to solicit feedback and ideas on the proposed budget
balancing solutions and prioritization efforts that will be required. This is expected to be
completed in phases beginning next week with gaining input on prioritization of service areas,
with more in depth engagement planned towards the end of May on specific balancing
solutions proposed and the service impacts that would result for FY 2021 and beyond. Staff is
also sharing budget details through various communications channels including a dedicated
webpage at www.cityofpaloalto.org/budget
Resource Impact
Although no recommendation in this report specifically has an impact on the City’s financials,
ultimately, the discussion and recommendation by the City Council on which assumptions to
use in our future financial planning will have significant impacts on the FY 2021 financial
landscape and ultimately the services and investments that the City makes as it prioritizes its
constrained resources.
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Environmental Review
This report is not a project for the purposes of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).