HomeMy WebLinkAbout2002-04-01 City Council (5)City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
1
FROM:
DATE:
SUBJECT:
CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: PLANNING AND
COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT
APRIL 1, 2002 CMR:196:02
PROPOSED CRITERIA USED TO DEVELOP HOUSING SITES
INVENTORY
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the Council review and approve the proposed site criteria and that
the Council direct staff to re-evaluate the housing sites inventory, as .well as other
potential housing opportunity sites.
BACKGROUND
On February 19, 2002 the City Council held its third meeting on the draft Housing
Element. After considerable discussion, the Council directed staff to send the draft to the
State Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) with the notation that
the City Council would continue to discuss and possibly modify the element during the
State review period. The Council requested that staff schedule another meeting for
further discussion of the Housing Element policies, programs and inventory of sites. Staff
submitted the draft Housing Element to HCD on March 4, 2002.
During the three meetings with the Council on the Housing Element, the housing sites
inventory generated the most comment from both the public and City Council. In order
to assist the Council in .its next discussion of the Housing Element, staff has prepared a
description of the criteria to be used by staff to complete the housing sites inventory.
DISCUSSION
The purpose of the housing sites inventory is to demonstrate that the City has reserved
sufficient land to accommodate its regional housing need determination as assigned by
the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG). Palo Alto’s "fair share" allocation is
1,397 units; 781 of those units have already been developed, including the City’s entire
market-rate component. Therefore, Palo Alto’s unmet need is 616 units for moderate-,
low- and very low-income households. It is staff’s opinion that the State will require the
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Housing Element to identify sufficient land to accommodate at least 750 units. The draft
inventory, however, currently identifies sufficient sites to accommodate over 1,100 units.
Described below is the methodology utilized by staff in preparing the housing sites
inventory. Direction provided in both State Housing Element law and ABAG’s Blueprint
2001 was used as a framework for development of the housing sites inventory and is also
summarized below.
Housing Sites Inventory Criteria
Staff established the housing sites
individual sites:
inventory by applying the following criteria to
¯Supports the following existing land use and housing policies of Palo Alto’s
Comprehensive Plan:
o Utilize vacant and underutilized land for housing.
o Use existing urban facilities and infrastructure efficiently.
o Support transit use, walking and bicycling and reducing dependency on the
automobile by encouraging,transit-oriented and pedestrian-friendly
deve!opment.
o Encourage infill development.
o Encourage mixed-use development, particularly in city centers.
o Encourage mixed-use development to provide housing.
o Encourage the provision of diverse housing opportunities for lower-income
households
o Improve the jobs/housing imbalance.
o Create opportunities for new mixed-use development.
¯Vacant or underutilized.
¯Single owner, parcel assembly not required.
¯Already zoned or planned for housing or mixed uses that allows housing.
¯Adequate public facilities and urban services available.
¯Compatible with adjacent land uses, including single-family neighborhoods.
¯Good pedestrian access, proximity to schools, parks, jobs, and libraries.
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Good likelihood of rezoning for housing prior to 2004, if necessary, in order to
demonstrate to State that land is reserved for housing within the timeframe of the
Housing Element.
Allows reuse or redevelopment of already developed sites, particularly non-
residential sites appropriate for housing.
School capacity available based on Palo Alto Unified School District’s growth
projections.
State Housing Site Criteria
The State’s criteria are broad and general and, thus, provide only limited guidance to
cities regarding their housing sites inventory or residentialland inventory. Here are some
pertinent excerpts in italics used in developing the City’s inventory.
Identify an inventory of land suitable for residential development, including vacant sites
and sites having potential for redevelopment, and an analysis of the relationship of
zoning and public facilities and services to these sites.
This section specifically indicates that land that is suitable for residential development
should be included in the housing sites inventory and that the sites should be zoned
appropriately for housing. It also recognizes that the availability of public facilities and
services is an important criterion.
Identify adequate sites which will be made available through appropriate zoning and
development standards and with services and facilities, including sewage collection and
treatment, domestic water supply, and septic tanks and wells, needed to facilitate and
encourage the development of a variety, of types of~housing for all income levels,
including multifamily rental housing, factory-built housing, mobile homes, housing for
agricultural employees, emergency shelters, and transitional housing in order to meet the
community’s housing goals.
The State is primarily concerned with provision of adequate basic infrastructure in
determining whether a site is appropriate for housing. All the sites on Palo Alto’s
proposed inventory are already provided with the basic public facilities and urban
services necessary for development required under housing law, including police and fire
services.
Where the inventory of sites does not identify adequate sites to accommodate the need for
groups of all household income levels, the program shall provide for sufficient sites with
zoning that permits owner-occupied and rental multifamily residential use by right,
including density and development standards that could accommodate and facilitate the
feasibility of housing for very low and low-income households.
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Palo Alto clearly does not have enough appropriately zoned vacant or underutilized land
to provide an adequate supply of affordable housing; therefore, the housing sites
inventory identifies sites suitable for rezoning to multi-family housing. Staff’s
assumption is that these sites would allow housing at a density that would provide an
adequate supply of affordable housing. In order to meet this State criterion, the housing
sites inventory focused on sites with appropriate zoning in place or sites that could
feasibly be rezoned to higher density multi-family zoning districts. It is also the reason
staff proposed that some minimum level of residential development be required for
mixed-use sites so these sites could properly be included in the housing sites inventory.
ABAG’s Blueprint 2001
ABAG’s Blueprint 2001 outlines the state’s requirements for housing elements and sets
forth the process for addressing those requirements. It identifies programs that can be
translated into criteria for ensuring adequate sites for housing. These are divided into
nine major categories. In preparing Palo Alto’s draft Housing Element inventory, staff
used these categories, particularly where they reinforced Palo Alto’s existing
Comprehensive Plan policies, such as supporting transit use.
Adaptive Reuse: Reuse of non-residential buildings for housing. Staff strategy
was primarily the reuse of non-residential sites rather than buildings for housing
but the principle is the same.
Air Rights Development: Build housing above existing uses, such as parking lots,
where land is in limited supply, There are several sites listed in the inventory and
its backup list that could accommodate this type of development. It would be best
applied to City-owned or shopping center parking lots. Implementing this strategy
within the timeframe of this Housing Element, however, is not considered likely.
Increased Densities: Basic technique for increasing the potential supply of
housing which limits sprawl into agricultural, open space or other lands. This
strategy is identified in the existing Housing Element and is consistent with land
use policies in the Comprehensive Plan. Using higher densities limits the amount
of land needed to provide housing and utilizes existing services and facilities.
Increasing densities on some lands may reduce development pressure on Other
open space lands in Palo Alto, such as the hillsides and other open space not. in
public ownership.
Infill Development: Encourage development on bypassed sites or sites that could
be redeveloped to accommodate housing. Infill development is already
encouraged in Palo Alto’s Comprehensive Plan in order to more efficiently use
existing urbanized land and also to encourage mixed uses where appropriate.
Most of the sites on the inventory are infill sites.
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Mixed-Use: Combining residential uses with one or more other uses, usually
retail commercial or office but can include appropriate industrial or civic uses.
This is already encouraged in Palo Alto’s Comprehensive Plan. Several of the
sites identified on the proposed inventory call for miXed-use development.
Rezoning Commercial and Industrial Land: Where there is a shortage of land
for residential use, ABAG suggests the conversion of commercial and industrial
land particularly where such uses are underutilized. ABAG indicates that using
these lands for housing, particularly away from existing neighborhoods, are less
likely to raise concerns about infill development. This is an important strategy for
increasing the housing supply in Palo Alto where land is limited and neighborhood
concerns are great. By encouraging new higher density residential development in
non-residential areas, the City improves its jobs/housing imbalance, reduces
commutes by bringing housing closer to jobs, limits incursions into existing
neighborhoods and helps to preserve community character.
Rezone Surplus Institutional Land: Encourage the use of surplus government
owned land or private institutional land, such as churches, for housing. Since
there is a limited supply of land in Palo Alto, all appropriate.sites should be
considered for housing, including sites reserved for institutional uses. Joint
development with churches, schools and other punic or institutional facilities was
explored in developing the inventory. Since there appears to be an interest on the
part of the County in developing housing in conjunction with its existing mental
health facility on Ash Street, staff considers this site appropriate to be added to the
inventory.
Second Units: Additional dwelling unit on a site with an existing primary
dwelling unit. An effective way to increase the supply of affordable housing with
very limited costs. This is not a housing sites inventory criterion but it is useful to
point out that the policies ~ proposed in the revised Housing Element that seek to
encourage the provision of affordable second units would be supported by ABAG.
Transit-Oriented Development: Development at a transit access point within
easy walking distance incorporating housing and other uses. This type of
development is supported by many of Palo Alto’s existing Comprehensive Plan
policies. The housing sites inventory supports these policies by identifying sites
close to transit facilities that have the best potential to be developed with mixed
uses or high density housing meeting the City’s goals for supporting transit and
more diverse uses in City Centers. Higher densities in these areas should help
reduce housing costs and the costs associated with commuting and energy
consumption.
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RESOURCE IMPACT
No funding is required for adoption or implementation of the draft Housing Element.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
The proposed Housing Element is consistent with existing City policy, especially the
Comprehensive Plan.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Appropriate environmental review will be completed prior to adoption of the draft
Housing Element by the City Council.
PREPARED B ~orgno,~a@e Planning Manager
DEPARTMENT HEAD REVIEW:, DirEecVtoEr~lPla,ni nEing and Community Environment
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL: ¯
EMILY HARRISON
Assistant City Manager
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