HomeMy WebLinkAbout2003-07-19 City CouncilCity of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: PLANNING AND
COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT
DATE:
SUBJECT:
JULY 19, 2003 CMR: 358:03
ZONING ORDINANCE UPDATE: JOINT STUDY SESSION WITH
PLANNING AND TRANSPORTATION COMMISSION
REGARDING ZONING PROTOTYPES AND FORM CODE FOR
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USES
This report provides the City Council and the Planning and Transportation Commission
(P&TC) with background information for the study session on the City’s Zoning
Ordinance Update (ZOU), and outlines policy issues for discussion by the Council and
Commission.
BACKGROUND
The City of Palo Alto’s Zoning Ordinance comprises Title 18 of the City’s Municipal
Code. The City last prepared a comprehensive update of its Zoning Ordinance in 1978.
In 1998, the City Council adopted an updated Comprehensive Plan, including 55
programs and policies identified to be implemented through an update of the Zoning
Ordinance. The City Council has continued to include the update, as well as other
planning issues, among its Top 5 priorities.
The Planning and Transportation Commission (P&TC) has to-date reviewed an overall
format for the updated ordinance, recommended modifications to code regulations
governing industrial and research uses in Palo Alto, and made significant progress
addressing second dwelling unit provisions in the ordinance. In addition, the P&TC has
spent considerable time reviewing and directing the work of the ZOU urban design
consultants to develop prototypes for multi-family, mixed use, village residential and
transit-oriented residential development types, as called for in the Comprehensive Plan.
The Architectural Review Board (ARB) has been regularly apprised of the progress on
the design work, and has expressed strong support for the form code effort.
The Council has seen much of the material reviewed by the P&TC at prior study sessions,
including an overview of Phase 1 of the design work, and has recently approved contracts
for Phase 2 of the consultants’ work. This study session will allow the Council and
P&TC to provide input on several important policies that will help to formulate desirable
prototypes to be incorporated into a form code component of the ZOU.
DISCUSSION
The focus of the study session will be to develop a common understanding and
definitions of the three land use types called out in the Comprehensive Plan: mixed use,
transit-oriented residential, and village residential. The design consultants will present
definitions of each use and visualizations using photos of local and nearby projects that
have desirable elements of those uses. Sample prototypes of each land use will also be
presented and the process of developing a form code from prototypes will be explained.
Finally, the consultants will outline potential areas of the City that might be considered
for each land use, including some specific sites from the City’s housing sites inventory.
The ZOU economic and parking consultants will also be on hand to answer questions and
to gain insight from the comments of the Council and P&TC.
A binder of materials has been prepared for the study session, including:
Brief issues papers for each of the three land uses; mixed use, transit-oriented
residential, and village residential; describing the primary components of each and
outlining key issues for discussion.
Sample prototypes of each land use, based on typical tot sizes in Palo Alto and
some basic development assumptions. These are not intended to be recommended
prototypes, but are useful to discuss the process of developing desirable prototypes
upon which to base a form code.
Maps depicting areas of potential application of the three land use types, including
identification of some of the City’s targeted housing sites for which prototypes
may be developed.
A copy of a visual presentation and listing of existing developments in Palo Alto
and surrounding communities, showing some of the desirable components of
mixed use, transit-oriented residential, and village residential for incorporation
into design prototypes.
An outline of economic criteria and the methodology that the economic consultant
will use to evaluate prototype feasibility.
A list of the City’s housing inventory sites from the Housing Element and an
accompanying map.
Relevant Comprehensive Plan pages discussing the three land use types.
A discussion paper on New Urbanism, dated January 25, 2002, prepared by Joel
Russell as background for the ZOU.
Relevant articles dealing with transit oriented development and mixed use.
A summary of progress to date for the ZOU is attached to this staff report.
CMR: , page 2 of 5
Key Issues
The consultants’ issue papers have outlined a few critical policy issues to be addressed
for each of the three land use types:
Mixed Use
o
Should a residential component of mixed use be required in order to increase base
density, FAR or height limitations over commercial allowances, or are
commercial/office or other nonresidential mixes desirable as well?
In what circumstances, if any, should shared parking and parking reductions be
recognized for mixed-use development?
Should mixed use be required in some areas, or only allowed and perhaps
encouraged?
What are appropriate design considerations to promote smooth transitions to
adjacent uses?
Transit Oriented Residential
o
o
Should transit-oriented residential also include a mixed use component to facilitate
trip reductions and pedestrian orientation?
To what extent, if any, should parking reductions, or maximum parking ratios, be
allowed for transit-oriented residential?
Should transit-oriented residential be applied as an overlay, within proximity to
rail stations, but protecting adjacent low-density residential areas? Should transit-
oriented residential be expanded to include major public transit corridors, such as
E1 Camino Real?
What are important compatibility and ~transitions considerations to consider with
adjacent uses?
Village Residential
Is village residential appropriate as a transition from low density residential to
higher intensities or commercial uses, or as infill in some R-1 and R-2 areas, or as
an option in the RM-15 zone, or in all of those7
Are parking reductions appropriate in village residential, similar to single family
residential7
What are appropriate means for applying village residential standards; base zero,
overlay, conditional use permit?
CMR:Page 3 of 5
Discussion of these issues by the Council and P&TC will help guide staff and the
consultants in preparing draft prototypes and further refining where these land uses might
apply.
Friday Afternoon Symposium
On Friday afternoon, July 18, from 2:30 to 4:30 p.m., a related symposium will be held in
the Council Chambers. The focus of this session is to provide more exposure to the
principles of New Urbanism and the concepts of developing prototypes for the three land
use types. A guest speaker will review the principles of New Urbanism for
approximately the first half of the symposium. The ZOU design team will then describe
these development types and present a virtual tour of local sites that might serve as
desirable prototypes for mixed use, village residential or transit oriented uses. The
economic and parking consultants will also make brief presentations to outline how
economic and parking factors might be considered in the development of prototypes and
a form code. All Council and P&TC members and other interested parties are invited and
encouraged to attend. Material presented Friday will not be repeated. Saturday is
reserved for a discussion of policy issues related to application of zone districts in
appropriate locations.
The binder will also serve as useful background for the Friday afternoon symposium.
Public Outreach
Subsequent to the study session, the consultants will be developing draft prototypes for
the various land use types, along with refining the areas of the City where each may
apply. It will be necessary to review these concepts with development professionals,
property owners, community organizations and residents prior to offering
recommendations to the P&TC. A series of focus/community groups for each land use
type are anticipated, along with at least two broader community workshops to review the
implications of mapping areas with these uses and the transition standards that might be
incorporated to address parking and compatibility impacts.
The intent of the public outreach effort is to be sure that all interests provide input to
these issues, whether through participation in focus groups or community workshops or,
ultimately, at public hearings. An extensive list of residents, housing groups,
development professionals, and business organizations has been developed for the ZOU,
and all will be included as participants in review of these proposals. Staff is interested in
comments from the Council and P&TC as to how to more effectively engage all of the
community while allowing the project to move forward in a timely manner.
RESOURCE IMPACT
Contracts and budgeting are in place for consultant and staff work to carry out the
completion of the ZOU.
CMR:Page 4 of 5
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
This effort will directly address policies outlined in the 1998-2010 Comprehensive Plan,
especially those to develop criteria for mixed use, village residential, and transit-oriented
residential land uses.
ATTACHMENTS
Summary of ZOU Progress, July 2003
Zoning Ordinance Update Binder, dated July 19, 2003 (under separate cover)
PREPARED BY:
LUSARDI-~
~lanning Manager
DEPARTMENT HEAD REVIEW:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
STEVE ;LIE
Director of Planning and Community Environment
Assi"stant City Manager
CMR:Pagg 5 of 5
Department of Planning and Community Em. ronment
Planning Division
June 2003
ZON~G ORDINANCE UPDATE
SUMlYL~RY OF PROGRESS
Issues Identification. Initial issues were identified through focus groups, community
workshops, the Zoning Ordinance Update (ZOLY) web page, and meetings with staff,
boards, and Commissions. The issues last amounted to more than 400 concerns, since
culled and grouped into about 200 issues. (See attachment for the top 13 issues that were
identified).
Web Page. A ZOU web page was created on the City’s .web site, and is re=re.flatly
updated to include discussion papers and reports prepared for the Planning and
Transportation Commission (P&TC), as well as upcoming meeting dates and contact
information.
Seminars. Seminars were conducted by outside consultants regarding the preparation of
an updated zoning ordinance and about the environmental (CEQA) review process. The
P&TC, Council, staff and the public attended.
Discussion Papers. Discussion papers were prepared regarding a variety of zoning
related topics, including format and organization, land uses and classifications, and New
Urbanism and form codes. These papers were presented to the P&TC and are available
on the ZOU web page.
Public Workshops. Public workshops have been conducted to discuss zoning issues
related to the Housing Element and to solicit input on possible approaches to second
units.
P&TC Study Sessions. TlAe Planning and Transportation Commission has conducted 22
study sessions or meetings to discuss issues outlined in the discussion papers, zoning of
industrial and manufacturing districts, second dwelling units, and urban design prototypes
and-form code approaches. In addition, the P&TC had one joint meeting with the City
Council and the Council has conducted three study sessions to review work progress,
including one to review the initial format and organization of the revised code, another to
consider preliminary recommendations for the industrial and manufacturing districts, and
another to review the initial urban desi~ma approach.
Preliminary Format. A preIimina~ format for the revised ordinance has been
developed to group districts into chapters, and to use tables to outline allowable uses and
required development standards. The revised format should make the ordinance more
readable, and will include extensive graphics as well.
Industrial and Manufacturing Districts. Preliminary recommendations for changes to
the industrial and manufactm-hng districts have been offered by the P&TC and reviewed
ZOU Stares - June 2003 6/19/03 Page I of 3
by the Council. These recommendations were preceded by several focus ~oup meetings
with industrial users and with residents, as well as by three Commission study sessions
and a field tour of the relevant zone districts. Some modifications related to biotech and
research and development uses are under re,dew by staff and a work~oup of P&TC and
ARB members, and a focus ~oup to discuss further changes was held with biotech
representatives in late May.
Urban Design and Form Code. Extensive urban design analysis has been conducted by
a team of urban designers, to identify and illustrate design constraints to multi-family,
1Nxed use, village residential, and transit oriented development types. Examples of
sample proto.types for some of those development types have also been prepared,
consistent with Comprehensive Plan goals. This work will result in the development of
revised standards based on desirable prototype designs and a form code component of the
updated ordinance. In addition to their presentations to thg P&TC, the consultants have
also met with the ARB three times and once with the HRB.
10.Second Units and Low Density Residential Districts. In addition to the initial
workshop on second units, staff has developed an ordinance (adopted by City Council on
June 16th) to implement recent State le~slation regarding seco.nd units. Other second
unit criteria are under review by staff mad a work~oup of P&TC members. Discussion of
other possible modifications to low density residential zoning districts has been initiated
with the work~oup as well, including changes to the Individual Review criteria and
miscellaneous issues, such as how basements are defined and counted in floor area
calculations.
1i.
t2.
Housing Element Policies and Sites. Housing Element policies affecting the zoning
ordinance have been identified and preiiminary discussion has begun among staff and the
P&TC work~oup and the urban design team as to how to approach these issues.
Simultaneously, ZOU staff has initiated rezoni_tlg of three sites identified in the Housing
Element to be reclassified for housing or higher densities than currently exist.
Parking: A parking consultant has been retained to review par’ldng criteria in the
ordinance and to suggest alternative approaches where appropriate. An initial technical
memorandum has been prepared and distributed to a P&TC parking work~oup and to the
Commission as a whole. Focus goups have been conducted ~dth developer
representatives and with community, residents to better understand the nature of parking
concerns.
13.Environmental Review. An environmental consultant has been retained to track the
progess of the ZOU and to identifs, appropriate changes to minimize environmental
impacts, as well as an overall approach to environmental review. The consultant has
reviewed potential impacts of changes to the industrial and manufacturing districts and of
expanded second trait pro~ams, and has recommended an initial set of performance
standards for commercial and industrial uses. The Comprehensive Plan EIR has also
been reviewed, and the consultant has discussed proposed options for CEQA compliance
with staff.
ZOU Status - June 2003 6/19/03 Page 2 of 3
14.Economic Implications. An economic consultant has been retained, primarily to test the
financial feasibility of design prototypes developed by the urban design team. The
economic consultant will also evaluate, on a limited basis, the broader economic
implications of the zoning ordinance update for the City’s economic base. The consultant
has recently made presentations to the Chamber of Corm~aerce and to the City Manager’s
Economic Base Committee.
15.Public Outreach. Staff and the various zoning consultants have conducted ex*ensive
public outreach to date, including focus ~oups, community workshops, and public
meetings, as well as through the City’s web site. Staff regularly updates business and.
civic goups on pro~ess on the ZOU, and occasionally uses the Manager’s Memo to
communicate upcoming events to the public.
16.Symposium and Study Session on Land Use ProtoU,pes. The City Council and
Planning Commission will conduct a joint study session on Saturday, July 19, 2003 to
discuss mixed use, village residential and transit oriented residential land use types and
where in the City such land use designations migJat be applied. The study session will be
preceded on Friday, July 18, 2003, with a lunchtime symposium of speakers pro~riding a
backgound on New Urbanist principles and a ~4rmal tour of sites in Palo Alto and
surrounding communities, which might provide good examples of desirable components
of a "form" code for Palo Alto.
ZOU Status - June 2003 6/19/03 Page 3 of 3