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HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 8395 City of Palo Alto (ID # 8395) City Council Staff Report Report Type: Action Items Meeting Date: 11/13/2017 City of Palo Alto Page 1 Summary Title: Comp Plan Update: Final Approval and Certification of FEIR Title: PUBLIC HEARING: Adopt a Resolution Certifying the Final Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the Comprehensive Plan Update, a Resolution Adopting Findings Pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Related to Significant Environmental Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Alternatives, a Statement of Overriding Considerations and a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program, and a Resolution Adopting the Updated Comprehensive Plan Dated June 30, 2017 with Desired Corrections and Amendments, Which Comprehensively Updates and Supersedes the City's 1998-2010 Comprehensive Plan, Except for the Housing Element Adopted in November 2014. (This is the third public hearing; the first hearing was on October 23, 2017, continued to October 30, 2017 and further continued to November 13, 2017.) From: City Manager Lead Department: Planning and Community Environment Recommendation Staff recommends that the City Council take the following actions: 1. Receive and consider the Planning & Transportation Commission (PTC) report and recommendations regarding the Comprehensive Plan Update and adopt a motion thanking the PTC and identifying specific changes to the June 30, 2017 Comprehensive Plan Update desired as a result of the Commission’s work; (This recommendation was completed October 30, 2017 and changes resulting from the Council’s actions have been included in Attachment A.) 2. Adopt a resolution (Attachment B) certifying that the Council has reviewed and considered the Comprehensive Plan Update Final Environmental Impact Report (EIR) dated August 30, 2017, the Final EIR has been completed in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), and the Final EIR reflects the independent judgment and analysis of the City of Palo Alto; City of Palo Alto Page 2 3. Adopt a resolution (Attachment C) making required CEQA findings, including findings related to significant environmental impacts, mitigation measures and alternatives, adoption of a statement of overriding considerations, and adoption of a mitigation monitoring and reporting program (MMRP); 4. Adopt a resolution (Attachment D) adopting the updated Comprehensive Plan dated June 30, 2017 with the specific corrections and changes included in Attachment A, comprehensively updating and superseding the 1998-2010 Comprehensive Plan in its entirety, except for the Housing Element adopted in 2014 which will remain part of the Comprehensive Plan; 5. Direct staff to prepare and disseminate electronic and paper copies of the updated Comprehensive Plan with appropriate formatting, illustrations, and acknowledgements; and 6. Direct staff to return to Council for another review of the implementation chapter of the Comprehensive Plan in 2018 and in the interim, prioritize the following implementing actions to bring forward to Council on future agendas in the near term: A. Adoption of an Updated Transportation Impact Fee Ordinance; B. Adoption of Comprehensive Plan Implementing Ordinance #1 amending Title 18 (Zoning Ordinance) of the Municipal Code to support the production of new housing and the preservation of existing units; C. Initiation of a Coordinated Area Plan for the North Ventura area (also referred to as the Fry’s site); and D. Initiation of discussions with Stanford University about the potential for developing housing in the Stanford Research Park, Stanford Shopping Center, and Stanford University Medical Center vicinity. Note: This is the third hearing for consideration of these recommendations. The Council has previously considered these items on October 23, 2017 and October 30, 2017. The August 30, 2017 Final EIR is available at: http://www.paloaltocompplan.org/eir/ and the June 30, 2017 the Comprehensive Plan Update is available at: http://www.paloaltocompplan.org/wpcontent/uploads/2017/07/PACompPlan_June30_PTC_we breduced.pdf. Hard copies of both documents are also available for review at the Planning Department and at local libraries. The Planning Department is located on the 5th floor of City Hall at 250 Hamilton Avenue in Palo Alto. Copies of the City Council packet for October 23, 2017 can be found here: http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/59856, A supplemental memo prepared for October 30, 2017 can be found here: http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/60034. City of Palo Alto Page 3 Executive Summary The City has been working on a comprehensive update to its general plan, the Palo Alto 1998- 2010 Comprehensive Plan, for many years and the City Council will have an opportunity to complete this effort at tonight’s meeting. Overall, the Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC) and the Council have crafted a Comprehensive Plan Update that seeks to preserve the vision and values of the current Comprehensive Plan, while updating its goals, policies, and programs to reflect the world of today. The updates are aimed at: Land Use & Community Design  stimulating housing through a host of implementation programs, supplementing policies and programs in the City’s Housing Element;  making the non-residential development cap apply citywide and focusing it on office/R&D development only so square footage converted from another use like warehouse or retail to office/R&D development will count against the cap;  preserving ground floor retail and limiting the displacement of existing retail;  ensuring regular coordination with Palo Alto Unified School District regarding land use and development;  recognizing and incorporating the goals of other recent planning efforts, such as the Urban Forest Master Plan and the Parks, Trails, Open Space and Recreation Master Plan;  guiding operation and improvements at the Palo Alto Airport, which was transitioned from the County to the City in recent years; Transportation  reducing reliance on single occupant vehicles (SOV), making alternatives to the automobile more convenient, and addressing the needs of transit-dependent communities;  establishing specific quantitative goals for trip reduction from new development  prioritizing Caltrain grade separations;  recognizing the State-mandated transition from Level of Service (LOS) to Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMT)as a methodology for analyzing traffic impacts under CEQA, while preserving LOS as a methodology for ensuring Comprehensive Plan consistency; Natural Environment  establishing a new focus on connected ecosystems, consistent with the Parks, Trails, Open Space and Recreation Master Plan;  recognizing open space, the urban forest, and a healthy natural environment as contributors to public health; City of Palo Alto Page 4  seeking opportunities for adding open space, including connections between Skyline Ridge and San Francisco Bay;  addressing climate changes and climate adaption;  ensuring resilient supply and management of water in Palo Alto, including additional policies to protect groundwater as a resource and to respond to drought;  encouraging energy efficiency, energy conservation, and renewable energy sources; Safety  updating policies on natural and man-made threats and hazards, with a focus on preparedness;  expanding policies on community safety and emergency management; Community Services & Facilities  perpetuating policies about new and existing parks and public open spaces;  adding new policies and programs specifically tailored to the needs of youth and of seniors;  sustaining the health and well-being of residents, consistent with the Council’s Heathy Cities, Healthy Communities resolution; Business and Economics  promoting a comprehensive approach to fiscal sustainability;  supporting the small local-serving businesses, start-ups, non-profit organizations, and professional services that make up Palo Alto’s business diversity. The updated Comprehensive Plan will serve as the City’s “constitution,” with policies that will inform development and implementation of land use regulations and infrastructure investments for many years to come. The updated Plan also contains implementation programs that are intended to advance the goals and policies of the Plan, and that may be reexamined and reprioritized by the City Council on a regular basis. On October 23 and 30, the City Council considered a report and recommendations from the PTC as well as changes and corrections identified by staff for incorporation in the Comprehensive Plan. At tonight’s meeting, the Council will consider any additional text changes to the plan and adoption of three resolutions: the first would certify the Final EIR (Attachment B), the second would adopt required CEQA findings (including a “statement of overriding considerations” and a mitigation monitoring and reporting program), and the third would adopt the Comprehensive Plan Update with the desired changes and adjustments identified by the Council and included in Attachment E. Staff is also asking for direction to prepare and disseminate electronic and paper copies of the plan, as well as direction to return to Council for an in depth discussion of the Implementation Chapter and to identify a handful of near term implementation priorities. City of Palo Alto Page 5 Background The City’s current Comprehensive Plan, Embracing the New Century, Palo Alto 1998-2010 Comprehensive Plan, was adopted in 1998 and sets goals, policies, and programs related to land use and development issues, including transportation, housing, natural resource, community services, and safety. The proposed Comprehensive Plan Update contains chapters or “elements” that address topics required by State law, as well as optional elements and topics. This relationship is shown in Table 1. The Plan includes a total of seven Elements; two are optional. All of these draft elements are based on the existing Comprehensive Plan, revised to reflect the City Council’s direction regarding vision and goals, as well as input from the PTC’s proposed revisions and public input. The elements included in the June 30, 2017 draft Comprehensive Plan Update are the product of hundreds of hours of work by the Council, the PTC, the Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC), CAC subcommittees, staff, and consultants. Table 1. State-Mandated and Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan Elements State-Mandated Element Comprehensive Plan Element Land Use Land Use & Community Design Circulation Transportation Housing Housing (adopted 2014 – not part of PTC review) Open Space Conservation Noise Natural Environment Safety Safety Optional Elements Business & Economics Community Services & Facilities Note: The previous Safety Element Goals, Policies and programs were part of the 1998 Natural Environment Element. The Comprehensive Plan also includes Governance and Implementation chapters, as well as an introduction and glossary. Source: Planning & Community Environment, September 2017 The City Council recognized the need to update the Plan and initiated the update in 2006. The PTC then spent close to six years working on the Comprehensive Plan Update (from 2008 to 2014), ultimately sending its recommendation to the City Council in April of 2014. Upon receipt of the PTC’s recommendations, the City Council adopted a schedule and strategy for “reframing” the long-running update to include expanded community engagement and a full evaluation of alternatives, cumulative impacts and mitigation strategies. A community-wide Summit was attended by over 350 people in May 2015, and was followed by creation of the City of Palo Alto Page 6 CAC to engage in further community dialog and inform the Council’s deliberations. Between July 2015 and May 2017, the full CAC met 23 times to review elements of the existing Comprehensive Plan, review recommendations advanced by the PTC, and receive and review community input. The CAC also formed subcommittees to discuss each Element, as well as a Sustainability subcommittee that considered sustainability-related issues in several Elements. There were a total of 29 meetings of CAC subcommittees. All CAC meetings were noticed and open to the public and included time for public comment. The CAC forwarded its recommended draft Comprehensive Plan Update to the Council on May 16, 2017. All meeting materials and minutes from CAC meetings are available here: http://www.paloaltocompplan.org/cac/citizens-advisory-committee/ In addition, the City Council met independently to review elements of the existing Comprehensive Plan, review recommendations advanced by the PTC and the CAC, and receive and review community input. The City Council discussed the Comp Plan goals and vision statements, EIR scenarios, and draft Elements at 24 meetings since 2010. City Council agendas, staff reports, and other relevant materials for Comp Plan discussion items are available here: http://www.paloaltocompplan.org/city-council/ On June 12, 2017, the City Council referred the Comprehensive Plan Update Draft to the PTC for review and a recommendation within 90 days. The draft Plan that was sent to the PTC (referred to in this report as the “June 30, 2017 Draft Plan”) reflects the Citizens Advisory Committee’s (CAC) May 16, 2017 recommendations to the Council and incorporates changes based on Council’s review up to and including the Council meeting on June 12th. At the June 14, 2017 PTC meeting, the PTC passed a motion to focus its 90 day review on the Land Use and Transportation Elements of the Comprehensive Plan Update. The PTC completed its review and recommendations on these two Elements on September 27, 2017, within the 90 day period. The Commission’s report and recommendations were considered by the Council on October 23 and 30. The Comprehensive Plan Update cannot be adopted until the City complies with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), a State law requiring California agencies to identify the significant environmental impacts of their actions and describe feasible measures that can be taken to avoid or mitigate those impacts. Concurrent with the preparation of the Comprehensive Plan Update, the City has prepared what is referred to as a “program-level” EIR (CEQA Guidelines Section 15168), which assesses the potential cumulative impacts of development that may occur during the life of the plan, considers potential alternatives, and identifies mitigation measures that should be adopted to reduce or avoid significant impacts. This is the same level of environmental analysis that was prepared for the existing 1998-2010 Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan. City of Palo Alto Page 7 Discussion With the remaining actions requested, the City Council will consider any final changes to the text of the Comprehensive Plan Update for addition to Attachment A, address CEQA requirements and adopt a new general plan for the City of Palo Alto. Once adopted, the plan would constitute a policy framework to guide decisions about land use and development, transportation, and infrastructure for the next 13 to 15 years. Each requested action is described briefly below, with a focus on any unresolved issues. The List of Corrections and Amendments Attachment A includes an updated list of corrections and changes to the June 30, 2017 Draft of the Comprehensive Plan reflecting the Council’s direction to staff on October 30, 2017. These changes incorporate the PTC’s recommendations and correct mistakes, clarify wording, and shift some programs to policies, primarily to be consistent with the Final EIR mitigation measures. All of these changes were accepted by the City Council on October 30, 2017. In the course of the Council’s discussion on October 30, the Council discussed “community indicators”, which are metrics used to monitor community characteristics over time in order to evaluate the effectiveness of policies about growth management and other things. A series of community indicators were recommended for inclusion in the Comprehensive Plan by the CAC in September 2016 and considered by the Council in January 2017. At that time, the Council decided not to include the community indicators, however the PTC recently recommended their reinstatement and at their meeting on October 30, 2017, the Council agreed on five that should be included. These are reflected in Item 9 in Attachment A. The complete list of indicators recommended by the CAC in September 2016 and considered by the Council in January 2017 is provided at the Council’s request in Table 2, below. Those marked with a “*” were selected for inclusion in the Comprehensive Plan by Council motion on October 30, 2017. The table also indicates which metrics are currently reported on. Table 2. Community Indicators Recommended by the Comprehensive Plan CAC on September 20, 2016 (with additional annotations) Measure Metric CAC Recommended Monitoring Frequency Does Staff Report On Already? Greenhouse Gas Emissions* 80% below 1990 emissions by 2030 (S/CAP goal) At least every 2 years Yes, Earth Day Report Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) per Capita* 5% decrease per year At least every 2 years Yes, Earth Day Report Percent of Commute Trips to Employment Centers by 50% trips by SOV, based on employee survey responses Annually No (TMA and SRP report) City of Palo Alto Page 8 Measure Metric CAC Recommended Monitoring Frequency Does Staff Report On Already? Single Occupant Vehicle (SOV) Number of Commute Trips to Employment Centers 40% below ITE standards for Downtown and 30% below ITE standards for SRP. Annually No Corridor Travel Times Typical PM peak hour travel time along 2 major north-south corridors and 2 major east-west corridors At least every 2 years No Commercial District Parking Overflow into Neighborhoods Non-resident parking on sampled residential neighborhood streets Annually No Air Pollutant Levels Maximum 24-hour concentrations of criteria pollutants identified by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District, as reported at the monitoring stations closest to Palo Alto Annually Redwood City Monitoring Station data available Groundwater Contamination Acres of City underlain by shallow groundwater contamination Every 4 years Data is not readily available Jobs/Housing Balance (Expressed as a Ratio of Jobs to Employed Residents)* Ratio of jobs to employed residents Every 4 years Yes Housing Cost Burden Percentage of owners and renters paying more than 50% of household income for housing Every 4 years Every 8 years as part of Housing Element Update Affordability of Housing Stock Number of housing units affordable to moderate-income, low-income, and very-low-income households Every 4 years Every 8 years as part of Housing Element Update Economic Diversity Percentage of households at various household income levels [see Fig. 2-3 in adopted 2015 HE] Every 4 years Every 8 years as part of Housing Element Update Below Market Rate (BMR) Units* Number of units Every 4 years Annually as part of report to HCD. Progress toward Housing Element goals* Annual Report to State Housing and Community Development Department Annually Annually as part of report to HCD. Existing Resident Number of existing units demolished Every 4 years Data on City of Palo Alto Page 9 Measure Metric CAC Recommended Monitoring Frequency Does Staff Report On Already? Displacement demolished units is available Unoccupied Homes Number of homes vacant/unoccupied for longer than 3 months per year Annually No Age Diversity Percentage of population in various age cohorts Every 4 years Census Data every 5 years PAUSD Class Size Class size Annually No – but can report school enrollment PAUSD Satisfaction with Schools Satisfaction ratings as reported by Strategic Plan Survey Annually Data is available Park Acreage per Capita Ratio of district and neighborhood parks per 1,000 population Every 4 years No – Data can be developed by staff Urban Tree Canopy Canopy cover – percent of city covered by trees Every 4 years No – Estimate could be developed by staff Infrastructure or Acres Affected by Sea Level Rise Number of key facilities, major infrastructure, and/or acres of land within the City limits directly affected by sea level rise Every 4 years No Wastewater Reuse Percent of wastewater recycled Every 4 years No Impermeable Surfaces and Stormwater Infiltration in Urbanized Area (Need to determine how this can be measured) Decrease in impervious surface Every 4 years No –Staff will begin tracking in 2018 *Indicates that these items were selected for inclusion in the Comprehensive Plan Update by motion of the City Council on October 30, 2017. Source: Comp Plan CAC, September 2016 with annotations indicating measures included in the Comprehensive Plan Update by City Council Motion October 30, 2017. On October 30, 2017, the Council also requested that City staff recommend up to three additional indicators for inclusion in the Comprehensive Plan. Staff will provide these recommendations in an “at places” memo prior to the Council’s discussion on November 13th. EIR Certification Preparation of an EIR is a time-consuming process, involving many steps, each of which takes considerable time. In the case of the Comprehensive Plan Update EIR, the process began with issuance of a Notice of Preparation (NOP) in mid-2014. At that time, the Comprehensive Plan Update project was described as an update of the existing plan to include themes related to City of Palo Alto Page 10 sustainability and other Council priorities, updated transportation infrastructure improvements, and goals, policies and programs developed through a community review process. The CEQA process, which evaluated several planning scenarios in detail, was used in part to help inform the development of the specific policies in the Comprehensive Plan Update. The entire process, including City Council sessions to discuss the EIR and EIR scenarios is summarized in Table 3, below. Table 3. City Council EIR Review – Key Dates Date Action July 28, 2008 City Council and Planning & Transportation Commission held a joint study session on the work program for the Comp Plan and EIR May 30, 2014 Notice of Preparation issued for the Draft EIR August 4, 2014 City Council scoping session on the Draft EIR August 6, 2014 City Council continued scoping session on the Draft EIR January 19, 2016 City Council and Citizens Advisory Committee held a joint study session on the Draft EIR; City Council discussed two new Comp Plan scenarios (Scenarios 5 & 6) for analysis in the EIR February 5 to June 8, 2016 124-day Public comment period for the February 2016 Draft EIR February 8, 2016 City Council continued discussion of Scenarios 5 & 6 May 16, 2016 City Council provided staff with basic parameters for Scenarios 5 & 6 June 6, 2016 City Council public comment hearing on the February 2016 Draft EIR January 30, 2017 City Council directed staff to develop a preferred scenario for inclusion in the Final EIR and defined some of its characteristics (regarding housing sites, non-residential development cap, transportation investments, etc.) February 10 to March 31, 2017 49-day Public comment period for the Supplement to the Draft EIR March 20, 2017 City Council public comment hearing on the Supplement to the Draft EIR August 30, 2017 Final EIR transmitted to the PTC and City Council. Made available at libraries, City Hall and to commenters. September 27, 2017 PTC recommended that the City Council certify the Final EIR. Source: Planning & Community Environment, September 2017 The Final EIR was published in late August 2017 and was available for PTC review in September along with its review of the Comprehensive Plan Update. The Final EIR responds to comments on the February 2016 Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR, describes the “preferred City of Palo Alto Page 11 scenario” based on the Council’s input on March 27, 2017 and May 1, 2017, and presents revisions to the February 2016 Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR. For a good summary of the EIR’s conclusions, please see Table 1-3, Summary of Impacts and Mitigation Measures, in the Final EIR. This table is reprinted from the Supplement to the Draft EIR with revisions resulting from the public review process. Where changes have been made, they are shown in strikethrough and underline. As shown in Table 1-3, several adjustments have been made to the mitigation measures in the EIR. Most of these revisions are to ensure that implementation of mitigation measures is consistent with the policy approach arrived at through the Comprehensive Plan Update process. None of these revisions weaken the effectiveness of mitigation measures. The approach that the City has taken to include policies in the plan to mitigate impacts identified in the CEQA process is a standard best practice for program-level EIRs that evaluate general plans. By doing so, the plan becomes largely “self-mitigating” because decisions that are made subsequent to plan adoption are evaluated for conformity with the plan and thus must adhere to policies that are protective of the environment. As explained further below, the CEQA findings in Attachment C provide a detailed crosswalk between the EIR mitigation measures and the plan policies, showing which policies and programs effectuate the required mitigation and where additional actions (i.e. not just plan policies) are needed. Chapter 2 of the Final EIR includes a good summary of the Preferred Alternative and a comparison to other EIR scenarios (See Table 2-4). The Preferred Alternative, or the preferred project, grew out of a planning process built around multiple different alternatives or “scenarios” used to test various policy ideas being considered by the CAC, the City Council, and the community. As Chapter 2 of the Final EIR indicates, elements of the Preferred Alternative have been part of the community conversation about the Comprehensive Plan Update and part of the EIR’s analysis from the very beginning. By analyzing multiple alternatives at an equal level of detail, the City went above and beyond what is required by CEQA and by using the alternatives analysis to craft the final preferred alternative, the City used CEQA as it was meant to be used – as an integral part of its decision making process (California Government Code Section 21006). The City received 29 comment letters on the February 2016 Draft EIR and 18 letters on the Supplement to the Draft EIR, as well as oral comments made during public meetings. Chapter 5 of the Final EIR provides responses to every comment received on the EIR. Chapter 5 of the Final EIR also contains three “master responses” that provide comprehensive responses to common topics that arose in the comments received:  Master Response 1 addresses comments related to the merits of the Comp Plan Update, as opposed the EIR analysis. Because CEQA does not require the Final EIR to respond to City of Palo Alto Page 12 comments on the merits of the proposed project, Master Response 1 explains how the City considers these non-CEQA comments.  Master Response 2 addresses comments that requested that the EIR analysis include recent cumulative projects and plans in nearby jurisdictions that have been proposed or approved since the Notice of Preparation (NOP) for the Comprehensive Plan EIR was issued. The response explains that the EIR analysis is based on regional projections that are large enough to accommodate planned and approved projects in the region through the year 2030.  Master Response 3 addresses comments regarding the EIR’s analysis of impacts to schools. The response corrects and supplements information presented in the Supplement to the Draft EIR and responds to specific comments from the School District and others on the scope and conclusions of the analysis. A brief summary of EIR-related comments received at the October 30, 2017 Council meeting has been included with responses as Attachment G. To ensure that the EIR is responsive to concerns regarding potential impacts to schools, the City has coordinated with the Palo Alto Unified School District (PAUSD) at various junctures in the EIR process. Master Response 3 summarizes the information received from the public and PAUSD during the EIR’s public review period. Since preparing the Final EIR, the City has also received additional data from the PAUSD regarding school capacity (see Attachment F). The updated capacity data is intended to capture factors that lower the effective capacity of schools, and varies from the capacity data presented in the EIR as follows: elementary school capacity is lower than presented in the EIR by approximately 1,000 students, middle school capacity is the same as presented in the EIR, and high school capacity is lower by 100 students. This reduced capacity data is important for planning purposes but does not substantively affect the conclusions of the EIR, which as required by State statute, concludes that the payment of school fees would offset and mitigate potential impacts to schools. Importantly, the City Council has addressed the issue of school impacts as a policy matter by including a related policy in the draft Plan: Policy L-2.11: Ensure regular coordination between the City and PAUSD on land development activities and trends in Palo Alto, as well as planning for school facilities and programs. Under State law, impacts on school facilities cannot be the basis for requiring mitigation beyond the payment of school fees or for denying development projects or legislative changes that could result in additional housing units. The City will, however, assess the reasonably foreseeable environmental impacts of development projects that result in new school construction or enrollment. Under CEQA, the City Council must consider and “certify” the Final EIR prior to making a City of Palo Alto Page 13 decision on the plan itself. The Resolution in Attachment B would accomplish this and certify that the EIR: (1) has been completed in compliance with CEQA, (2) was presented to the Council and reviewed and considered by them prior to making a decision on the project, and (3) reflects the City’s independent judgement and analysis. Certifying the EIR does not commit the City to any specific course of action, but makes it possible for the Council to consider adoption of the Comprehensive Plan Update itself. As the Council is aware, CEQA anticipates the potential that agencies will approve projects with significant and unavoidable impacts, and allows agencies to do so if they adopt findings that the project’s benefits outweigh the impacts; this is referred to in CEQA as a statement of overriding considerations. These findings are included in Attachment C, and are necessitated because the actions and development contemplated under the Comprehensive Plan Update will have significant and unmitigable impacts related to: contributions of air pollutants to a region that is in “non-attainment” for ozone and particulates; contributions to traffic congestion at area intersections; contributions to traffic congestion at freeway ramps; and transit delays due to traffic congestion. In all cases, the City is proposing to implement mitigation measures, and is conservatively concluding that the impact will remain significant even after mitigation. As noted in the proposed findings, these conclusions would be the same for virtually any plan (and any planning scenario) proposed in the region if it were analyzed using the same thresholds of significance. In other words, there is no getting away from the fact that we live in a congested region and that any programmatic EIR that fairly examines cumulative growth over a period of time will conclude there are unmitigable impacts. CEQA Findings Under CEQA, the City Council must also make certain “findings” as part of a decision to undertake a project for which an EIR has been prepared. The Resolution in Attachment C contains these findings, which include:  Findings concerning significant impacts and mitigation measures,  Findings concerning the infeasibility of alternatives,  A statement of overriding considerations, and  Adoption of a mitigation monitoring and reporting program (MMRP). The findings concerning significant impacts and mitigation measures summarize each impact identified in the EIR, describe the applicable mitigation measures, and state the findings on the significance of each impact after imposition of the mitigation measures. The findings concerning the infeasibility of alternatives explain that there are no feasible alternatives that would substantially lessen the significant impacts of the project and the City of Palo Alto Page 14 statement of overriding considerations states that there are specific project benefits that outweigh the significant and unavoidable impacts. The MMRP is a program spells out how the City will implement and monitor measures that the EIR incorporates to mitigate or avoid significant environmental effects. In many cases, these mitigation measures are being implemented by adopting Comprehensive Plan policies that specifically address the impact identified. For example, policies in the plan regarding land use compatibility ensure that future developments -- and future capital projects -- are designed to ensure compatibility and these policies will be implemented as these future projects are reviewed for conformance with the adopted Comprehensive Plan. In some cases, the mitigation measures are implemented by making changes to the City’s CEQA procedures or sections of the Municipal Code and the MMRP provides a timeline for these actions. The June 30, 2017 Comprehensive Plan Update On June 12, 2017, City Council referred the current draft of the Comprehensive Plan Update to the PTC for review and a recommendation. The June 30, 2017 draft Plan reflects the Citizens Advisory Committee (CAC) May 16, 2017 recommendations to the Council and incorporates changes based on Council review. Following Council adoption of the Comprehensive Plan, staff and consultants will create the final Comprehensive Plan by making any substantive changes to Plan that are directed by Council motion, including the corrections and changes listed in Attachment E if or as directed by the City Council. As noted in the recommendation section, above, staff also recommends non- content (formatting) revisions to create the final Plan. These non-content revisions include:  A graphically rich cover  An Acknowledgement section  An index  Formatting clean-ups, such as updating the footer on each page to say “Adopted [date]” Agency Consultation A key part of any general plan update consists of consultation with State and regional agencies and Native American tribes, as required by various sections of the California Government Code. Consistent with these requirements, staff provided notice to Native American Tribes in early February, and copies of the Safety and Natural Environment Elements to State agencies in early August 2017. Notice to adjacent cities, LACFO, PAUSD, and other agencies were provided in late-September. All periods for agency comments (45-days in some cases and 90 days in others) will close prior to the Council’s hearing on November 13, 2017. In staff’s experience, the City may receive last City of Palo Alto Page 15 minute comments from one or more agency that require immediate responses or revisions. If this is the case, staff will provide a recommendation for the Council’s consideration. The City recently received a letter with comments from San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC), which is included as Attachment E. Staff will provide a response and recommend additional language for inclusion in the Comprehensive Plan in an “at places” memo prior to the City Council meeting on November 13th. Implementation Priorities The Implementation Chapter of the Comprehensive Plan repeats implementation programs included in all Elements of the Plan and the City Council has reviewed the programs in that context. The implementation table also identifies the lead department or agency for each program, as well as each item’s relative priority and level of effort. These notations (department, relative priority, level of effort) have not been previously reviewed by the City Council and currently reflect relative priorities as they were identified by the CAC. While the City Council’s input on this Chapter is welcome as part of plan adoption, the Chapter is intended to be reviewed and revised on an annual basis. Staff’s recommendation is to (1) schedule a separate, in depth discussion of the table in 2018, and (2) identify a few key priorities that the City Council would like to prioritize in the interim. The Implementation Chapter is a key mechanism to link the Comprehensive Plan to Palo Alto’s budget process. The priorities, timing and resource estimates in this chapter are intended to be modified depending on the city’s budget, available staff resources and other changes over time and do not require a Comprehensive Plan Amendment. The PTC is scheduled to review and provide a report on this chapter before the end of the year and the Council will have an opportunity for in depth review upon receipt of the PTC’s annual report. The specific interim actions that staff recommends that the City Council prioritize include: 1. consideration of an updated nexus study and Transportation Impact Fee ordinance by the Finance Committee and the Council; 2. consideration of the first of several implementing ordinances to amend the Zoning Ordinance to address Comprehensive Plan programs, prioritizing programs related to housing production and preservation (for example, incentives for small units, preserving cottage clusters, minimum densities in multifamily zoning districts, etc.); 3. consideration of actions necessary to initiate a Coordinated Area Plan for the North Ventura (aka Fry’s) area; and 4. initiation of discussions with Stanford University about the potential for developing housing in the Stanford Research Park, Stanford Shopping Center, and Stanford University Medical Center vicinity. City of Palo Alto Page 16 These items are recommended for prioritization based on individual Councilmember statements during hearings on the Comprehensive Plan and the EIR, and the Council as a whole may alter these immediate priorities or defer discussion on them if desired. Many communities follow adoption of a new general plan with an update of their zoning ordinance. Staff recommends Palo Alto address necessary changes with a series of ordinances addressing different subjects, with the first one focusing on housing. If Council wishes to take an alternate approach, staff will need to return with a detailed scope and cost estimate. Policy Implications The Comprehensive Plan is the City’s “constitution” when it comes to land use and development issues, including transportation and the protection of the environment. The Comprehensive Plan Update has been crafted by the Citizens Advisory Committee, Planning and Transportation Commission, and the City Council to perpetuate the overall vision and values of the current plan, while updating some of its goals, policies, and implementation programs. Resource Impact The Comprehensive Plan Update has been a time consuming and costly project for the City. Current contracts are sufficient to complete the project in accordance with the current schedule, which envisions plan adoption before Thanksgiving and publication (searchable pdf and hard copies) thereafter. Additional budgetary resources – and a contract amendment -- would be required if the City Council wishes staff to work with the consultants to develop an interactive, on-line “users guide” as originally envisioned. Timeline/Next Steps Tonight’s hearing is the third and final hearing scheduled for plan adoption. If the Council cannot complete the requested actions this evening, staff requests that a special hearing be scheduled to do so before Thanksgiving. Only the requested direction regarding future implementation tasks may be deferred to 2018 without resulting in an extended delay because of a new State law (SB 1000) effective January 1, 2018 that would require revisions to the Draft Plan to address environmental justice. Environmental Review A Final Environmental Impact Report (EIR) has been prepared and is proposed for certification. The Final EIR responds to substantive comments on the Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR and describes the “preferred scenario” based on the Council’s input this spring. Following certification of the Final EIR, the City Council will consider adoption of CEQA findings, including adoption of mitigation measures, a statement of overriding considerations, and a mitigation monitoring and reporting program (MMRP). Attachments: City of Palo Alto Page 17 Attachment A: Council Approved Comp Plan Revisions (DOCX) Attachment B: EIR Resolution (PDF) Attachment C: Comp Plan EIR CEQA Findings (PDF) Attachment D: Comp Plan Updated Resolution (PDF) Attachment E: 10/31/17 SFPUC Comments on Draft Comp Plan (PDF) Attachment F: Public Letters to Council (PDF) Attachment G: Responses to EIR Comments from October 30, 2017_Final (DOCX) Attachment A: Comp Plan Revisions Based on Council Actions on October 30, 2017 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE1 1 Program L1.3.1Policy L-1.4: Commit to creating an inventory of below market rate housing for purchase and rental. Work with neighbors, neighborhood associations, property owners and developers to identify barriers to infill development of below market rate and more affordable market rate housing and to remove these barriers, as appropriate. Work with these same stakeholders to identify sites and facilitate opportunities for below market rate housing and housing that is affordable. PTC Priority 1 2 Move the following policies and programs from the Business and Economics Element to the Land Use Element under Goal L-4, and re-number both Elements accordingly:  Policy B-2.1: Support local-serving retail, recognizing that it provides opportunities for local employment, reduced commute times, stronger community connections and neighborhood orientation.  Program B4.2.1: Revise zoning and other regulations as needed to encourage the preservation of space to accommodate small businesses, start-ups and other services.  Program B4.2.2: Consider planning, regulatory, or other incentives to encourage property owners to include smaller office spaces in their buildings to serve small businesses, non-profit organizations, and independent professionals.  Program B4.6.2: Study the overall viability of ground-floor retail requirements in preserving retail space and creating an active street environment, including the types of locations where such requirements are most effective. PTC Priority 2 1 For PTC Priority and PTC Consensus Comments, see the October 23, 2017 Council staff report and Attachment A, available here: http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/61486 For Errata table, see Attachment E of the October 23, 2017 Council staff report, available at the link above. For original proposed revisions in response to PTC Priority and PTC Consensus Comments and the Errata, see Table X in the October 30, 2017 Council staff report, available here: http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/61767 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE1  Program B4.6.3: Maintain distinct neighborhood shopping areas that are attractive, accessible and convenient to nearby residents. 3 New Program L2.4.8: Identify development opportunities for BMR and more affordable market rate housing on publicly-owned properties in a way that is integrated with and enhances existing neighborhoods. PTC Priority 3 4 New Program L4.6.2: Study the feasibility of converting parts of University Avenue to a pedestrian zone. PTC Priority 5 5 New Program T1.2.5: Pursue full participation of Palo Alto employers in the TMA. PTC Priority 6 6 This will be accomplished through the changes to Program L1.3.1, now Policy L-1.4, in comment PTC Priority 1 above. PTC Priority 7 7 Policy L-1.21: Maintain and strengthenprioritize Palo Alto’s varied residential neighborhoods while sustaining the vitality of its commercial areas and public facilities. Move and renumber Policy L-1.1 to L-1.2. No change to policy content. PTC Priority 8 8 Revise the Introduction page I-2 as follows: MAINTAINING AND ENHANCING COMMUNITY CHARACTER The community treasures the special qualities of the city, including its historic buildings, pedestrian scale, high-quality architecture, thriving urban forest and beautiful streets and parks. Maintaining the physical qualities of the city is an overarching consideration, incorporated in all parts of the Plan. The Land Use and Community Design Element includes specific provisions to maintain Palo Alto’s best features in residential neighborhoods, commercial centers, and employment districts, and enhance and improve those areas where these features are lacking. Future land use decisions will encourage sustainable development, preserve neighborhoods, foster inviting pedestrian-scale commercial centers and distinct employment districts, and focus infill within the Urban Service Area. In addition, see revisions proposed in response to PTC Consensus 1 (to place more PTC Priority 10 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE1 emphasis on creating neighborhoods) and PTC Priority 2 (to strengthen policies supporting walkable neighborhoods to ensure that space for professional and personal services as well as retail uses is available) 9 Add a targeted list of Community Indicators: MEASURE METRIC RECOMMENDED MONITORING FREQUENCY Greenhouse Gas Emissions 80% below 1990 emissions by 2030 (S/CAP goal) Annually as part of Earth Day Report Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) per Capita Decrease year over year Annually as part of Earth Day Report Jobs/Housing Balance (Expressed as a Ratio of Jobs to Employed Residents) Ratio of jobs to employed residents Every 4 years Below Market Rate (BMR) Units Number of units Annually as part of report to California Dept. of Housing and Community Development (HCD) Progress toward Housing Element goals Annual Report to State Housing and Community Development Department Annually as part of report to California Dept. of Housing and Community Development (HCD) PTC Priority 11 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE 10 Revise Land Use Element Introduction on Page L-1: The Land Use and Community Design Element … includes policies and programs intended to balance natural resources with future community needs in a way that makes optimal use of available land, to create attractive buildings and public spaces that reinforce Palo Alto’s sense of place and community, to preserve and enhance quality of life and services in Palo Alto neighborhoods and districts, to support thriving commercial areas that meet the needs of local residents, and to maintain Palo Alto's role in the success of the surrounding region. Revise Policy L-1.6: Use coordinated area plans to guide development, such as to create or enhance cohesive neighborhoods in areas of Palo Alto where significant change is foreseeable. Address both land use and transportation, define the desired character and urban design traits of the areas, identify opportunities for public open space, parks and recreational opportunities, address connectivity to and compatibility with adjacent residential areas; and include broad community involvement in the planning process. [NEW POLICY] [L8] Revise Policy L-2.3: As a key component of a diverse, inclusive community, allow and encourage a mix of housing types and sizes, integrated into neighborhoods and designed for greater affordability, particularly smaller housing types, such as studios, co-housing, cottages, clustered housing, accessory dwelling units and senior housing. [(Previous Policy L-13) (Combined with [L47], which is also about encouraging small units/mix of types)] [L18] Revise Policy L-2.4: Use a variety of strategies to stimulate housing, near retail, employment, and transit, in a way that connects to and enhances existing neighborhoods. [NEW POLICY] [L19] PTC Consensus 1 11 Revise Transportation Element narrative, page T-2: Technology has a role to play, whether providing up-to-the-minute information to inform choices or in delivering new and better modes of travel. Improvements to the bicycling and pedestrian environment will help encourage more people to bike and walk on a regular basis. However, the Transportation Element does not rely on future technological innovations to solve local congestion. Facilitating a shift to alternative modes of transportation will require creative collaboration among transit agencies, employers and local jurisdictions as well as residents and commuters themselves. Revise Policy T-1.3: Reduce GHG and pollutant emissions associated with transportation by reducing VMT and per-mile emissions through increasing transit options, supporting biking and walking, and through the use of zero-emission vehicle technologies to meet City and State goals for GHG reductions by 2030. PTC Consensus 3 12 Add a new bullet to Program T1.2.2:  Ensure a stable, sustained funding source to support implementation of TDM measures. PTC Consensus 6 13 Policy T-6.6: Use engineering, enforcement and educational tools to improve traffic safety for all users on City roadways. Program T6.6.2: Continue to provide educational programs for children and adults, in partnership with community-based educational organizations, to promote safe walking and the safe use of bicycles, including the City-sponsored bicycle education programs in the public schools and the bicycle traffic school program for juveniles. PTC Consensus 8 14 New Policy: Coordinate proactively with the California HSR Authority and Caltrain to minimize negative impacts and maximize benefits to Palo Alto from any future HSR service through Palo Alto. PTC Consensus 9 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE 15 Add inside front cover: General City Information: (650) 329-2100 Planning & Community Environment Department: (650) 329-2442 http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/iwantto/ http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/services/paloalto311/ Errata 1 16 Table of Contents: A foot note shall be added: “The Housing Element is incorporated into the Comprehensive Plan and can be found at: http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/37935. Errata 2 17 Regional Commercial Designation: Regional/Community Commercial: Larger shopping centers and districts that have a wider variety of goods and services than the neighborhood shopping areas. They rely on larger trade areas and include such uses as department stores, bookstores, furniture stores, toy stores, apparel shops, restaurants, theaters and non-retail services such as offices and banks. Examples include Stanford Shopping Center, Town and Country Village and University Avenue/Downtown. Non-retail uses such as medical and dental offices and software development may also locate in this designation; software development may also locate Downtown. Examples include Stanford Shopping Center, Town and Country Village and University Avenue/Downtown. In some locations, residential and mixed use projects may also locate in this category. Non-residential FARs range from 0.35 to 2.0. Errata 3 19 Map L-3: City Structure : See revised map L-3 Errata 4 19 Map L-6: Land Use Designations: Modify the land use designation for the former Hyatt Rickey’s site to remove the Hotel Overlay (see attached map), so that the property is designated only Multifamily Residential. Errata 5 20 Revise page L-2: The success of the programs in the Natural and Urban Environment and Safety Elements is are largely dependent on land use decisions that protect the environment as well as people and property. Errata 6 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE 21 Reword Program L-2.4.2 to read: Allow housing on the El Camino Real frontage of the Stanford Research Park and at Stanford Shopping Center, provided that adequate parking and vibrant retail is maintained and no reduction of retail square footage results from the new housing. Reword Program L-2.4.3 to read: Allow housing on the El Camino Real frontage of the Stanford Research Park. Explore multi-family housing elsewhere in the Stanford Research Park and near Stanford University Medical Center (SUMC). Errata 7 22 Move Policy L-2.9 to become Policy L-4.2 Preserve ground-floor retail, limit the displacement of existing retail from neighborhood centers and explore opportunities to expand retail. Put Programs L4.1.1 and L4.1.2 under this policy and renumber them program LL4.2.1 and L4.2.2 Errata 8 23 Program L4.8.1: Prepare a coordinated area plan for the Fry's site North Ventura area and surrounding California Avenue area. The plan should describe a vision for the future of the Fry's site North Ventura area as a walkable neighborhood with multi‐ family housing, ground floor retail, a public park, creek improvements and an interconnected street grid. It should guide the development of the California Avenue area as a well-designed mixed use district with diverse land uses and a network of pedestrian-oriented streets. Errata 9 24 Policy L-5.4: Maintain the East Bayshore and San Antonio Road/Bayshore Corridor areas as diverse business and light industrial districts with the approved East Meadow Circle Concept Plan (Appendix Y of this Comprehensive Plan). Errata 10 25 Policy L-6.5: Guide development to respect views of the foothills and East Bay hills from along public streets corridors in the developed portions of the City. Errata 11 26 Program L-6.6.1: Modify design standards for mixed use projects to ensure that mixed use development promotes a pedestrian-friendly relationship to the street, including elements such as screened parking or underground parking, street-facing windows and entries, and porches, windows, bays and balconies along public ways, and landscaping, and trees along the street. Avoid blank or solid walls at street level. Errata 12 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE 27 Program L7.8.3 Policy L7.11: For proposed exterior alterations or additions to designated Historic Landmarks, require design review findings that the proposed changes are in compliance with the Secretary of the Interior Standards for Rehabilitation. Errata 13 28 Policy L-7.17: Require project proponents to meet State codes and regulations regarding the identification and protection of archaeological and paleontological deposits, and unique geologic features. Errata 14 29 L-9.10 Recognize the urban forest as City infrastructure to be maintained in accordance with applicable guidelines and requirements. [NEW POLICY] [L138] Errata 15 30 Revise Transportation Element page T-3: The use of transportation services is beginning to replace private vehicle ownership in the region, led by a number of prominent ride sharing and e-hailing car servicestransportation network companies (like Uber and Lyft) that connect passengers to drivers in private vehicles. Revise Glossary page 52: Transportation Network Companies Companies that connect passengers (often via websites and phone applications) with drivers who provide transporation in the driver’s non-commercial vehicle. Also known as “mobility service provders” or “ridesharing companies.” Errata 16 31 Revise Program T1.2.2:  Establish a mechanism to monitor the success of TDM measures and track the cumulative reduction of peak hour motor vehicle trips. TDM measures should at a minimum achieve the following reduction in peak hour motor vehicle trips, with a focus on single-occupant vehicle trips. Reductions should be based on the rates included in the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ Trip Generation Manual for the appropriate land use category and size: - 50 45 percent reduction in the Downtown district - 35 percent reduction in the California Avenue area Errata 17 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE - 30 percent reduction in the Stanford Research Park - 30 percent reduction in the El Camino Real Corridor - 20 percent reduction in other areas of the city  Require new development projects to pay a Transportation Impact Fee for all those daily peak-hour motor vehicle trips that cannot be reduced via TDM measures. Fees collected would be used for capital improvements aimed at reducing vehicle trips and traffic congestion. 32 Program T1.12.3: Work with VTA to study the feasibility of, and if warranted provide, traffic signal prioritization for buses at Palo Alto intersections, focusing first on regional transit routes. Also, advocate for bus service improvements on El Camino Real such as queue jump lanes and curbside platforms. Errata 18 33 Program T2.3.1: When adopting new CEQA significance thresholds for VMT for compliance with SB 743 (2013), adopt standards for vehicular LOS analysis for use in evaluating the consistency of a proposed project with the Comprehensive Plan, and also explore desired standards for MMLOS, which includes motor vehicle LOS, at signalized intersections for use in evaluating the consistency of a proposed project with the Comprehensive Plan. Errata 19 34 GOAL T-4 Protect local streets that contribute to neighborhood character and provide a range of local transportation options. Errata 20 35 Program T4.2.1 Policy T4.3: Identify specific improvements that can be used to discourage drivers from using local, neighborhood streets to bypass traffic congestion on arterials. Errata 21 36 Policy T-5.12: To promote bicycle use, increase the number of safe, attractive and well- designed bicycle parking spaces available in the city, including spots for diverse types of bicycles and associated equipment, including bicycle trailers, prioritizing heavily travelled areas such as commercial and retail centers, employment districts, recreational/cultural facilities, multi-modal transit facilities and ride share stops for bicycle parking infrastructure. Errata 22 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE 37 Program T6.1.1: Follow the principles of the safe routes to schools program to implement traffic safety measures that focus on safe routes to work, shopping, downtown, community services, parks and schools including all designated school commute corridors. [NEW PROGRAM] [T135] Errata 23 38 Policy T-8.1: Engage in regional transportation planning to reduce congestion and reduce single-occupant vehicle trips, and advocate for specific transit improvements and investments, such as Caltrain service enhancements and grade separations, Dumbarton Express service, enhanced bus service on El Camino Real with queue jumping and curbside platforms, HOV/HOT lanes and additional VTA bus service. Program T8.6.21.2.2: Advocate for improved connectivity to transit to serve workers who live in the South Bay and work in Palo Alto. Policy T-8.2 Participate in regional planning initiatives for the rail corridor and provide a strong guiding voice. Policy T-8.3 Collaborate effectively with and engage in regional partnerships and solutions with a range of stakeholders, including regional agencies, neighboring jurisdictions and major employers, on issues of regional importance such as traffic congestion, reduced reliance on single-occupant vehicles and sustainable transportation. Program T8.3.1: Continue to participate in regional efforts to develop technological solutions that make alternatives to the automobile more convenient and thereby contribute to reducing congestion. Policy T-8.4: Coordinate with local and regional agencies and Caltrans to support regional efforts to maintain and improve transportation infrastructure in Palo Alto, including the Multi-Modal Transit Center. Policy T-8.5 Support the efforts of MTC to coordinate transportation planning and Errata 24 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE services for the Mid-Peninsula and the Bay Area that emphasize alternatives to the automobile. Policy T-8.6: Advocate for efforts by Caltrans and the Valley Transportation Authority to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on existing freeway facilities consistent with Statewide GHG emissions reduction initiatives. (Comp Plan Draft EIR Mitigation Measure Trans-3b)] Program T8.6.1: Advocate for provision of a new southbound entrance ramp to Highway 101 from San Antonio Road, in conjunction with the closure of the southbound Charleston Road on-ramp at the Rengstorff Avenue interchange in Mountain View. Policy T-8.7: Support the application of emerging freeway information, monitoring and control systems that provide non-intrusive driver assistance and reduce congestion. (Comp Plan Draft EIR Mitigation Measure Trans-3b)] Policy T-8.8: Where appropriate, support the conversion of existing traffic lanes to exclusive bus and HOV lanes or Express/HOT lanes on freeways and expressways, including the Dumbarton Bridge, and the continuation of an HOV lane from Redwood City to San Francisco. (Comp Plan Draft EIR Mitigation Measure Trans-3b)] Policy T-8.9: Support State and federal legislation to reduce motor vehicle emissions, noise and fuel consumption. Policy T-8.10: Support plans for intra-county and transbay transit systems that link Palo Alto to the rest of Santa Clara County and adjoining counties. Ensure that these systems and enhancements do not adversely impact the bay. Program T8.10.1: Work with regional transportation providers, including BART and Caltrain, to improve connections between Palo Alto and the San Francisco CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE International Airport and Norman Y. Mineta San Jose International Airport. Policy T-8.11: Support regional bicycle and pedestrian plans, to complete including development of the Bay Trail, and the Bay-to-Ridge Trail, and the Santa Clara County Countywide Bicycle System. Policy T-8.12 Support the development of the Santa Clara County Countywide Bicycle System, and other regional bicycle plans. 39 Program N4.7.2 Policy N-4.9: Work with neighboring jurisdictions and regional agencies to protect groundwater. Errata 25 40 Program N5.1.2 Policy N-5.5: Support the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) in its efforts to achieve compliance with existing air quality regulations by continuing to require development applicants to comply with BAAQMD construction emissions control measures and health risk assessment requirements. Errata 26 41 NEW POLICY N-5.5: Mitigate potential sources of toxic air contaminants through siting or other means to reduce human health risks and meet the Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s applicable threshold of significance. When siting new sensitive receptors such as schools, day care facilities, parks or playgrounds, medical facilities and residences within 1,000’ of stationary sources of toxic air contaminants or roadways used by more than 10,000 vehicles per day, require projects to consider potential health risks and incorporate adequate precautions such as high-efficiency air filtration into project design. Errata 27 42 Program N6.12.1: Continue working to reduce noise associated with operations of the Palo Alto Airport. Also, eEnsure compliance with the land use compatibility standards for community noise environments, shown in Table N-1, by prohibiting incompatible land use development within the 60 dBA CNEL noise contours of the airport. Errata 28 43 Program N6.11.1: For larger development projects that demand intensive construction periods and/or use equipment that could create vibration impacts, such as the Stanford University Medical Center or major grade separation projects, require a vibration impact analysis, as well as formal, ongoing monitoring and reporting of noise Errata 29 CHANGE ID APPROVED REVISIONS TO JUNE 30, 2017 DRAFT COMP PLAN SOURCE levels, throughout the entire construction process, pertinent to industry standards. The monitoring plan should identify hours of operation and could include information on the monitoring locations, durations and regularity, the instrumentation to be used and appropriate noise control measures to ensure compliance with the noise ordinance. [(NEW PROGRAM)(Comp Plan Draft EIR Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c, 5a)] [N152] 44 Safety Element narrative , page S-12: UTILITIES In Palo Alto, utility services are provided by The City of Palo Alto Utilities (CPAU), a city- owned utility. Today, CPAU provides six services that include electric, fiber optic, natural gas, water and wastewater services. Initially formed in 1896 with the installation of a water supply system, CPAU expanded between the years 1898 and 1917 to include wastewater, electric, and natural gas distribution services; in 1996 it began to provide fiber optic services. Through its mission to provide safe, reliable, environmentally sustainable and cost effective services to Palo Alto residents, CPAU offers cost-effective service rates to residents and re-invests proceeds to support other City community services and facilities. For example, CPAU provides financial support to the Palo Alto library and parks system, as well as to support police and fire protection services. Errata 30 45 Program S-1.10.3: Implement the mitigation strategies and guidelines provided by the LHMP, including those that address evolving hazards resulting from climate change. Errata 31 46 Program S-2.8.3 Policy S-2.9: Partner with appropriate agencies to expand flood zones as appropriate due to sea level rise, changes in creek channels, street flooding or storm drain overload due to increased likelihood of extreme storm events caused by climate change. Errata 32 47 Glossary, page 26: Infill: Development of individual vacant lots or underused lots leftover vacant properties within areas that are already developed in built up sites or areas. Errata 33 Not Yet Approved 170901 jb Lee/Planning/LongRange/Comp Plan Resolution No _____ Resolution of the Council of the City of Palo Alto Certifying Adequacy of the Final Environmental Impact Report for the City of Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan Update in Accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act RECITALS A. The City of Palo Alto, a chartered municipal corporation (“City”) has prepared that certain comprehensive update to its general plan, entitled “Our Palo Alto 2030” (referred to herein as the “Comprehensive Plan Update”), proposed for approval and adoption by the City Council. B. Approval of the Comprehensive Plan Update would constitute a project under the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970, together with related state implementation guidelines promulgated thereunder (“CEQA”). C. The City, in compliance with CEQA, prepared an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) to provide an assessment of the potential environmental consequences of adopting and implementing the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update and associated zoning amendments. The environmental review process under CEQA commenced and was undertaken concurrently with the preparation and consideration of the Comprehensive Plan Update. D. A Draft Environmental Impact Report (“Draft EIR”) for the Comprehensive Plan Update was prepared analyzing four alternatives (also referred to as “scenarios”) in equal level of detail, and was circulated for public review from February 5, 2016 to June 8, 2016. The City held several public hearings to receive comments on the Draft EIR. E. During the Comprehensive Plan development and review process, the City Council directed the evaluation of two additional alternatives or scenarios, which were subsequently analyzed in a Supplement to the Draft EIR that was circulated for public review from February 10, 2017 to March 31, 2017, during which time the City Council and Planning and Transportation Commission held additional public hearings to receive comments on the Draft EIR and the Supplement. F. Through its review of the Citizens Advisory Committee’s recommendations over several duly noticed public hearings, the City Council identified the parameters of the preferred alternative for the Comprehensive Plan Update. G. A Final Environmental Impact Report was prepared, which Final Environmental Impact Report is comprised of the Draft EIR dated February 5, 2016, together with the Supplement to the Draft EIR dated February 10, 2017, and the Final Environmental Impact Report dated August 30, 2017 (collectively, all of said documents are referred to herein as the “Final EIR”). H. Prior to the adoption of this Resolution, the Planning and Transportation Commission of the City of Palo Alto, on September 27, 2017, reviewed the Final EIR prepared for the Comprehensive Plan Update (also sometimes referred to herein as the “Project”), held a public hearing, and recommended to the City Council that it certify and find the Final EIR was completed in accordance with the requirements of CEQA. Not Yet Approved 170901 jb Lee/Planning/LongRange/Comp Plan I. Public notice was duly given that on October 23, 2017 at 5:00 p.m. in the Council Chambers at City Hall, 285 Hamilton Avenue, Palo Alto, California, the Council would hold a public hearing where interested persons could appear, be heard, and present their views with respect to the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update and the Final EIR, and at the noticed date and time, the Council gave all persons full opportunity to be heard and to present their views with respect to the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update and the Final EIR. J. The Council is the decision-making body for adoption of the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO ALTO AS FOLLOWS: The City Council (hereinafter the “Council”), in the exercise of its independent judgment as the decision-making body for the City of Palo Alto as Lead Agency, makes and adopts the following findings and certifications in compliance with the requirements of CEQA: 1. The Council has independently reviewed and considered the Final EIR. 2. The Council does hereby find and certify that the Final EIR has been prepared and completed in compliance with CEQA. 3. The Council does hereby find and certify that the Final EIR reflects the City of Palo Alto’s independent judgment and analysis. INTRODUCED AND PASSED: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTENTIONS: ATTEST: __________________________ _____________________________ City Clerk Mayor APPROVED AS TO FORM: APPROVED: __________________________ _____________________________ Assistant City Attorney City Manager _____________________________ Director of Planning and Community Environment Not Yet Approved 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 1 Resolution No _____ Resolution of the Council of the City of Palo Alto Making Certain Findings Concerning Significant Environmental Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Alternatives, Adopting a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program, and Adopting a Statement of Overriding Considerations for the Comprehensive Plan Update, For Which an Environmental Impact Report Was Prepared in Accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act RECITALS A. The City of Palo Alto, a municipal corporation (“City”) has prepared that certain comprehensive update to its general plan, entitled “Our Palo Alto 2030” (referred to herein as the “Comprehensive Plan Update”), proposed for approval and adoption by the City Council. B. Approval of the Comprehensive Plan Update would constitute a project under the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act of 1970, together with related state implementation guidelines promulgated thereunder (“CEQA”). C. The City Council, in compliance with CEQA, prepared an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) to provide an assessment of the potential environmental consequences of adopting and implementing the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update and associated zoning amendments. D. The environmental review process under CEQA commenced and was undertaken concurrently with the preparation and consideration of the Comprehensive Plan Update, which included the participation of a Citizens Advisory Committee (“CAC”) that met for almost two years and hearings before the City Council to consider the CAC recommendations. This process allowed the Comprehensive Plan Update to take into account any potential environmental impacts identified in the EIR and include policies to address those impacts. E. A Draft Environmental Impact Report (“Draft EIR”) for the Comprehensive Plan Update was prepared analyzing four alternatives (also referred to as “scenarios”) in equal level of detail. The Draft EIR was circulated for public review from February 5, 2016 to June 8, 2016, during which time the City held several public hearings to receive comments on the Draft EIR. F. During the Comprehensive Plan development and review process, the City Council directed the evaluation of two additional alternatives or scenarios, which were subsequently analyzed in a Supplement to the Draft EIR that was circulated for public review from February 10, 2017 to March 31, 2017, during which time the City Council and Planning and Transportation Commission held additional public hearings to receive comments on the Draft EIR and the Supplement. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 2 G. After receiving the CAC’s recommendations on the Comprehensive Plan Update, the City Council identified the parameters of the preferred alternative through several public hearings. H. A Final Environmental Impact Report was prepared, which Final Environmental Impact Report is comprised of the Draft EIR dated February 5, 2016, together with the Supplement to the Draft EIR dated February 10, 2017, and the Final Environmental Impact Report dated August 30, 2017 (collectively, all of said documents are referred to herein as the “EIR”). I. Prior to the adoption of this Resolution, the Planning and Transportation Commission of the City of Palo Alto, on September 27, 2017, reviewed the EIR prepared for the Comprehensive Plan Update (also sometimes referred to herein as the “Project”), held a public hearing, and recommended to the City Council that it certify and find the Final EIR was completed in accordance with the requirements of CEQA. J. On ___________, the Council held a duly noticed public hearing on the Comprehensive Plan Update and EIR, and certified the EIR in accordance with CEQA by adoption of Resolution No. _______. K. The Council is the decision-making body for adoption of the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. L. CEQA requires that in connection with approval of a project for which an environmental impact report has been prepared that identifies one or more significant environmental effects of the project, the decision-making body of a public agency make certain findings regarding those effects. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO ALTO AS FOLLOWS: The City Council, in the exercise of its independent judgment, makes and adopts the following findings to comply with the requirements of CEQA, including Sections 15091, 15092, and 15093 of the CEQA Guidelines, based upon the entire record of proceedings for the Project. All statements set forth in this Resolution constitute formal findings of the City Council, including the statements set forth in this paragraph and in the recitals above. 1. The City Council was presented with, and has independently reviewed and analyzed the EIR and other information in the record and has considered the information contained therein prior to acting upon and approving the Project, and bases the findings stated below on such review. 2. The EIR provides an adequate basis for considering and acting upon the Comprehensive Plan Update Project. The City Council has considered all of the evidence and arguments presented during consideration of the Project and the Final EIR. In determining whether the Project may have a significant impact on the environment, and in adopting the findings set forth herein, the City Council certifies that it has complied with Public Resources Code Sections 21081, 21081.5, and 21082.2. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 3 3. The City Council agrees with the characterization of the EIR with respect to all impacts initially identified as “less than significant” and finds that those impacts have been described accurately and are less than significant as so described in the Final EIR. This finding does not apply to impacts identified as significant or potentially significant that are reduced to a less than significant level by mitigation measures included in the EIR. The disposition of each of those impacts and the mitigation measures adopted to reduce them are addressed specifically in the findings below. 4. The Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (MMRP) includes all mitigation measures adopted with respect to the Project and explains how and by whom they will be implemented and enforced. 5. The EIR considers a reasonable range of potentially feasible alternatives, sufficient to foster informed decision making, public participation and a reasoned choice, in accordance with CEQA. 6. The Final EIR contains responses to comments received on a Draft EIR and a Supplement to the Draft EIR. The Final EIR also contains corrections and clarifications to the text and analysis of the Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR, where warranted. The City Council does hereby find that such changes and additional information are not significant new information under CEQA because such changes and additional information do not indicate that any of the following would result from approval and implementation of the Project: (i) any new significant environmental impact or substantially more severe environmental impact (not already disclosed and evaluated in the DEIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR), (ii) any feasible mitigation measure considerably different from those analyzed in the Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR that would lessen a significant environmental impact of the Project has been proposed and would not be implemented, or (iii) any feasible alternative considerably different from those analyzed in the DEIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR that would lessen a significant environmental impact of the Project has been proposed and would not be implemented. The City Council does find and determine that recirculation of the Final EIR for further public review and comment is not warranted or required under the provisions of CEQA. 7. The City Council does hereby make the following findings with respect to significant effects on the environment of the Project, as identified in the EIR, with the understanding that all of the information in this Resolution is intended as a summary of the full administrative record supporting the EIR, which full administrative record should be consulted for the full details supporting these findings. I. STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS FOR FINDINGS Significant effects of the Comprehensive Plan Update project were identified in the Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR. CEQA §21081 and CEQA Guidelines §15091 require that the Lead Agency prepare written findings for identified significant impacts, accompanied by a brief explanation of the rationale for each finding. Less than significant effects (without mitigation) of the project were also identified in the Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR. CEQA does not require that the Lead Agency prepare written findings for less than significant effects. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 4 CEQA requires that the Lead Agency adopt mitigation measures or alternatives, where feasible, to avoid or mitigate significant environmental impacts that would otherwise occur with implementation of the project. Project mitigation or alternatives are not required, however, where substantial evidence in the record demonstrates that they are infeasible or where the responsibility for modifying the project lies with another agency. Specifically, CEQA Guidelines §15091 states: (a) No public agency shall approve or carry out a project for which an EIR has been certified which identifies one or more significant environmental effects of the project unless the public agency makes one or more written findings for each of those significant effects, accompanied by a brief explanation of the rationale for each finding. The possible findings are: (1) Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect as identified in the final EIR. (2) Such changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and not the agency making the finding. Such changes have been adopted by such other agency or can and should be adopted by such other agency. (3) Specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations, including provision of employment opportunities for highly trained workers, make infeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the final EIR. The “changes or alterations” referred to in §15091(a)(1) above, that are required in, or incorporated into, the project which mitigate or avoid the significant environmental effects of the project, may include a wide variety of measures or actions as set forth in Guidelines §15370, including avoiding, minimizing, rectifying, or reducing the impact over time, or compensating for the impact by replacing or providing substitute resources. II. FINDINGS ON SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21081 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091, the City Council hereby makes these findings with respect to the potential for significant environmental impacts from adoption and implementation of the Comprehensive Plan Update and Zoning Code amendments ("proposed project") and the means for mitigating those impacts. For the purpose of these findings, the term “Environmental Impact Report” (EIR) means the Draft EIR, Supplement to the Draft EIR, and Final EIR documents collectively, unless otherwise specified. These findings do not attempt to describe the full analysis of each environmental impact contained in the EIR. Instead, the findings provide a summary description of each impact, describe the applicable mitigation measures identified in the EIR and adopted by the City, and state the findings on the significance of each impact after imposition of the adopted mitigation measures. A full explanation of these environmental findings and conclusions can be found in the EIR. These findings hereby incorporate by reference the discussion and analysis in the EIR that support the EIR's determinations regarding significant project impacts and mitigation measures designed to address those impacts. The facts supporting these findings are found in the record as a whole for the project. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 5 In making these findings, the City ratifies, adopts, and incorporates into these findings the analysis and explanation in the EIR, and ratifies, adopts, and incorporates into these findings the determinations and conclusions of the EIR relating to environmental impacts and mitigation measures, except to the extent that any such determinations and conclusions are specifically and expressly modified by these findings. Aesthetics Impact AES-1: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the area and its surroundings. Mitigation Measure AES-1: To ensure that increased residential densities would not degrade the visual character or quality of the area, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  High-quality building and site design.  Compatibility with the neighborhood and adjacent structures.  Enhancement of existing commercial centers.  Requirements for landscaping and street trees.  Preservation and creation of a safe and inviting pedestrian environment.  Appropriate building form, massing, and setbacks. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively ensure implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects. For example:  Policy L-2.12: Encourage new development and redevelopment to incorporate greenery and natural features such as green rooftops, pocket parks, plazas and rain gardens.  Policy L-3.1: Ensure that new or remodeled structures are compatible with the neighborhood and adjacent structures.  Policy L-4.5: Maintain and enhance the University Avenue/Downtown area as a major commercial center of the City, with a mix of commercial, civic, cultural, recreational and residential uses. Promote quality design that recognizes the regional and historical importance of the area and reinforces its pedestrian character.  Policy L-4.7: Maintain Stanford Shopping Center as one of the Bay Area’s premiere regional shopping centers. Promote bicycle and pedestrian use and encourage any new development at the Center to occur through infill.  Policy L-4.8: Maintain the existing scale, character and function of the California Avenue business district as a shopping, service and office center intermediate in function and scale between Downtown and the smaller neighborhood business areas.  Policy L-4.10: Recognize and preserve Town and Country Village as an attractive retail center serving Palo Altans and residents of the wider region. Future development at this site should preserve its existing amenities, pedestrian scale and architectural character while also improving safe access for bicyclists and pedestrians and increasing the amount of bicycle parking. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 6  Policy L-4.15: Encourage maximum use of Neighborhood Centers by ensuring that the publicly maintained areas are clean, well-lit and attractively landscaped.  Policy L-5.2: Provide landscaping, trees, sidewalks, pedestrian path and connections to the citywide bikeway system within Employment Districts. Pursue opportunities to include sidewalks, paths, low water use landscaping, recycled water and trees and remove grass turf in renovation and expansion projects.  Policy L-6.1: Promote high-quality design and site planning that is compatible with surrounding development and public spaces.  Policy L-6.2: Use the Zoning Ordinance, design review process, design guidelines and Coordinated Area Plans to ensure high quality residential and commercial design and architectural compatibility.  Policy L-9.3: Treat residential streets as both public ways and neighborhood amenities. Provide and maintain continuous sidewalks, healthy street trees, benches and other amenities that promote walking and “active” transportation.  Policy T-3.7: Encourage pedestrian-friendly design features such as sidewalks, street trees, on-street parking, gathering spaces, gardens, outdoor furniture, art and interesting architectural details.  Policy T-3.8: Add planting pockets with street trees to provide shade, calm traffic and enhance the pedestrian realm.  Policy T-6.1: Continue to make safety the first priority of citywide transportation planning. Prioritize pedestrian, bicycle and automobile safety over motor vehicle level of service at intersections and motor vehicle parking.  Policy N-2.8: Require new commercial, multi-unit and single-family housing projects to provide street trees and related irrigation systems. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that future development and capital improvements under the proposed Plan would avoid significant degradation of the existing visual character and quality. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact AES-4: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to substantially shadow public open space (other than public open streets and adjacent sidewalks) between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. from September 21 to March 21. Mitigation Measure AES-4: The City shall amend its local CEQA guidelines to require development projects of a certain size or location to prepare an analysis of potential shade/shadow impacts. The analysis shall focus on potential impacts to public open spaces (other than public streets and adjacent sidewalks) between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. from September 21 to March 21. The analysis shall identify whether the project would shadow open spaces during these times, explain how the project meets City design requirements and other City policy goals, and describe ways to mitigate substantial shade and shadow impacts through feasible building and site design features. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 7 Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measure AES-4 would amend the City’s local CEQA guidelines to require project-level analysis of potential shade/shadow impacts, as well as measures to mitigate potential impacts through feasible building and site design features. Implementation of this mitigation measure would ensure the future development projects and capital improvement projects that are subject to CEQA would disclose and avoid potential shade/shadow impacts to the extent feasible. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Air Quality Impact AIR-1: Without inclusion of air quality policies, implementation of the proposed Plan could conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan. Mitigation Measure AIR-1: To ensure consistency with the 2010 Bay Area Clean Air Plan, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Reduction in emissions of particulates from automobiles, manufacturing, construction activity, and other sources (e.g., dry cleaning, wood burning, landscape maintenance).  Support for regional, State, and federal programs that improve air quality.  Support for transit, bicycling, and walking.  Mix of uses (e.g., housing near employment centers) and development types (e.g., infill) to reduce the need to drive. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively ensure implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects. For example:  Policy L-1.1: Limit future urban development to currently developed lands within the urban service area. The boundary of the urban service area is otherwise known as the urban growth boundary. Retain undeveloped land west of Foothill Expressway and Junipero Serra as open space, with allowances made for very low-intensity development consistent with the open space character of the area. Retain undeveloped land northeast of Highway 101 as open space.  Policy L-2.1: Maintain a citywide structure of Residential Neighborhoods, Centers and Employment Districts. Integrate these areas with the City’s and the region’s transit and street system.  Policy L-2.2: Enhance connections between commercial and mixed use centers and the surrounding residential neighborhoods by promoting walkable and bikeable connections and a diverse range of retail and services that caters to the daily needs of residents.  Policy L-2.3: As a key component of a diverse, inclusive community, allow and encourage a mix of housing types and sizes designed for greater affordability, particularly smaller housing types, such as studios, cohousing, cottages, clustered housing, accessory dwelling units and senior housing. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 8  Policy L-2.4: Use a variety of strategies to stimulate housing near retail, employment, and transit.  Policy L-2.6: Create opportunities for new mixed use development consisting of housing and retail.  Policy T-1.1: Take a comprehensive approach to reducing single-occupant vehicle trips by involving those who live, work and shop in Palo Alto in developing strategies that make it easier and more convenient not to drive.  Policy T-1.6: Encourage innovation and expanded transit access to regional destinations, multi-modal transit stations, employment centers and commercial centers, including those within Palo Alto through the use of efficient public and/or private transit options such as rideshare services, on-demand local shuttles and other first/last mile connections.  Policy T-1.16: Promote bicycle use as an alternative way to get to work, school, shopping, recreational facilities and transit stops.  Policy T-1.19: Provide facilities that encourage and support bicycling and walking.  Policy T-5.12: To promote bicycle use, increase the number of safe, attractive and well- designed bicycle parking spaces available in the city, including spots for diverse types of bicycles and associated equipment, including trailers, prioritizing heavily travelled areas such as commercial and retail centers, employment districts, recreational/cultural facilities, multi- modal transit facilities and ride share stops for bicycle parking infrastructure.  Policy T-6.1: Continue to make safety the first priority of citywide transportation planning. Prioritize pedestrian, bicycle and automobile safety over motor vehicle level of service at intersections and motor vehicle parking.  Policy N-5.1: Support regional, State, and federal programs that improve air quality in the Bay Area because of its critical importance to a healthy Palo Alto.  Policy N-5.2: Support behavior changes to reduce emissions of particulates from automobiles.  Policy N-5.3: Reduce emissions of particulates from, manufacturing, dry cleaning, construction activity, grading, wood burning, landscape maintenance, including leaf blowers and other sources. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that future development projects and capital improvement projects under the proposed Plan will support emissions reductions, support air quality improvement programs, support alternative modes of transport, and support reduced driving. In this way, Mitigation Measure AIR-1 would support BAAQMD’s implementation of control measures in the 2010 Bay Area Clean Air Plan. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact AIR-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan could violate an air quality standard; contribute substantially to an existing or project air quality violation; and/or result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is nonattainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors). Mitigation Measure AIR-2a: The City shall amend its local CEQA Guidelines and Municipal Code to require, as part of the City’s development approval process, that future development projects to comply with the current BAAQMD basic control measures for reducing construction emissions of PM10 (Table 8-2, Basic Construction Mitigation Measures Recommended for All Proposed Projects, of the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines). 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 9 Mitigation Measure AIR-2b: The City shall amend its local CEQA Guidelines to require that, prior to issuance of construction permits, development project applicants that are subject to CEQA and have the potential to exceed the BAAQMD screening-criteria listed in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines prepare and submit to the City of Palo Alto a technical assessment evaluating potential project construction-related air quality impacts. The evaluation shall be prepared in conformance with BAAQMD methodology in assessing air quality impacts. If construction- related criteria air pollutants are determined to have the potential to exceed the BAAQMD thresholds of significance, as identified in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, the City of Palo Alto shall require that applicants for new development projects incorporate mitigation measures (Table 8-3, Additional Construction Mitigation Measures Recommended for Projects with Construction Emissions Above the Threshold, of the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines or applicable construction mitigation measures subsequently approved by BAAQMD) to reduce air pollutant emissions during construction activities to below these thresholds. These identified measures shall be incorporated into all appropriate construction documents (e.g., construction management plans) submitted to the City. Mitigation Measure AIR-2c: To ensure that development projects that have the potential to exceed the BAAQMD screening criteria air pollutants listed in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines reduce regional air pollutant emissions below the BAAQMD thresholds of significance, the proposed Plan shall include policies that require compliance with BAAQMD requirements, including BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Mitigation Measure AIR-2d: Implement Mitigation Measures TRANS-1a and TRANS-1b. In addition, to reduce long-term air quality impacts by emphasizing walkable neighborhoods and supporting alternative modes of transportation, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following: Enhanced pedestrian and bicycle connections between commercial and mixed-use centers. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the proposed project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR, but not to a level of less than significant. There are no additional feasible mitigation measures and no feasible alternatives that avoid this significant effect, as further addressed in Section III, Findings Concerning Alternatives. Rationale for Finding: The City is located in a region that is in “nonattainment” for ozone and particulates. While the mitigation measures listed below would reduce emissions of these pollutants, they cannot eliminate Palo Alto’s contribution to regional air quality problems. Mitigation Measure AIR-2a would require adherence to the current BAAQMD basic control measures for reducing construction emissions of PM10. Mitigation Measure AIR-2b would require implementation of BAAQMD-approved mitigation measures, if future development projects in Palo Alto could generate construction exhaust emissions in excess of the BAAQMD significance thresholds. An analysis of emissions generated from the construction of specific future projects under the proposed Plan would be required to evaluate emissions compared to BAAQMD’s project-level significance thresholds during individual environmental review. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 10 To implement Mitigation Measure AIR-2c, the proposed Plan includes Policy N-5.2 and would apply to future development projects and capital improvements projects that are subject to CEQA. Policy N-5.2 states: “Support the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) in its efforts to achieve compliance with existing air quality regulations by continuing to require development applicants to comply with BAAQMD construction emissions control measures and health risk assessment requirements.” Through Mitigation Measure TRANS-1a and proposed Policy L-2.2, the City would ensure that future development projects and capital improvement projects: “Enhance connections between commercial and mixed use centers and the surrounding residential neighborhoods by promoting walkable and bikeable connections and a diverse range of retail and services that caters to the daily needs of residents.” However, , analysis of post-mitigation conditions in the Supplement to the Draft EIR shows that implementation of transportation mitigation measures would nominally reduce emissions but would not reduce emissions below BAAQMD’s project- level thresholds, which, based on BAAQMD guidance, are generally used to determine if a project generates a substantial increase in emissions. Therefore, no additional mitigation measures are available and the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. Resulting Significance: Significant and Unavoidable Impact AIR-3: Implementation of the proposed Plan would expose sensitive receptors to substantial concentrations of air pollution. Mitigation Measure AIR-3a: The City of Palo Alto shall update its CEQA Procedures to require that future non-residential projects within the city that: 1) have the potential to generate 100 or more diesel truck trips per day or have 40 or more trucks with operating diesel-powered TRUs, and 2) are within 1,000 feet of a sensitive land use (e.g., residential, schools, hospitals, nursing homes), as measured from the property line of a proposed project to the property line of the nearest sensitive use, shall submit a health risk assessment (HRA) to the City of Palo Alto prior to future discretionary project approval or shall comply with best practices recommended for implementation by the BAAQMD. The HRA shall be prepared in accordance with policies and procedures of the State Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. If the HRA shows that the incremental cancer risk exceeds the BAAQMD significance thresholds, the applicant will be required to identify and demonstrate that mitigation measures are capable of reducing potential cancer and non-cancer risks to an acceptable level, including appropriate enforcement mechanisms. Mitigation measures and best practices may include but are not limited to:  Restricting idling on-site beyond Air Toxic Control Measures idling restrictions, as feasible.  Electrifying warehousing docks.  Requiring use of newer equipment and/or vehicles.  Restricting off-site truck travel through the creation of truck routes. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 11 Mitigation measures identified in the project-specific HRA shall be identified as mitigation measures in the environmental document and/or incorporated into the site development plan as a component of a proposed project. Mitigation Measure AIR-3b: To ensure that new industrial and warehousing projects with the potential to generate new stationary and mobile sources of air toxics that exceed the BAAQMD project-level and/or cumulative significance thresholds for toxic air contaminants and PM2.5 listed in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines reduce emissions below the BAAQMD thresholds of significance, amend the City’s CEQA guidelines to require compliance with BAAQMD requirements. Mitigation Measure AIR-3c: The proposed Plan shall include policies to mitigate potential sources of toxic air contaminants through siting or other means to reduce human health risks and meet the Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s applicable threshold of significance. Policies shall also require that new sensitive land use projects (e.g., residences, schools, hospitals, nursing homes, parks or playgrounds, and day care centers) within 1,000 feet of a major stationary source of TACs and roadways with traffic volumes over 10,000 vehicles per day consider potential health risks and incorporate adequate precautions, such as high-efficiency air filtration, into project design. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measures AIR-3a and AIR-3b would ensure that mobile sources of TACs not covered under BAAQMD permits are considered during subsequent project- level environmental review and development of individual projects would be required to achieve the incremental risk thresholds established by BAAQMD. Mitigation Measures AIR-3c would ensure that potential health risks are considered for new sensitive land uses sited near potential sources of toxic air contaminants, and that adequate precautions are incorporated into such projects. The proposed Plan includes Policy N-5.5 to ensure exposure to pollutants and resulting health risks are considered during the siting of sensitive land uses: “Mitigate potential sources of toxic air contaminants through siting or other means to reduce human health risks and meet the Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s applicable threshold of significance. When siting new sensitive receptors such as schools, day care facilities, parks or playgrounds, medical facilities and residences within 1,000’ of stationary sources of toxic air contaminants or roadways used by more than 10,000 vehicles per day, require projects to consider potential health risks and incorporate adequate precautions such as high-efficiency air filtration into project design.” Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact AIR-4: Implementation of the proposed Plan could create or expose a substantial number of people to objectionable odors unless policies are integrated into the proposed Plan. Mitigation Measure AIR-4: To reduce odor impacts, the proposed Plan shall include policies requiring: 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 12  Buffers, mechanical, and other mitigation methods to avoid creating a nuisance. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes Policy N-5.4 to ensure that future development projects and capital improvement projects do not result in objectionable odors: “All potential sources of odor and/or toxic air contaminants shall be adequately buffered, or mechanically or otherwise mitigated to avoid odor and toxic impacts that violate relevant human health standards.” This policy, along with CEQA review of projects using BAAQMD’s odor screening distances and compliance with BAAQMD Regulation 7, would ensure that odor impacts are minimized and reduced to a less-than-significant level. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Cultural Resources Impact CULT-1: Implementation of the proposed Plan could adversely affect a historic resource listed or eligible for listing on the National and/or California Register, or listed on the City’s Historic Inventory. Mitigation Measure CULT-1: To ensure the protection of potentially historic resources, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Process for reviewing proposed demolition or alteration of potentially historic buildings.  Protection of archaeological resources. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes the policies that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy L-7.2: If a proposed project would substantially affect the exterior of a potential historic resource that has not been evaluated for inclusion into the City’s Historic Resources Inventory, City staff shall consider whether it is eligible for inclusion in State or federal registers prior to the issuance of a demolition or alterations permit. Minor exterior improvements that do not affect the architectural integrity of potentially historic buildings shall be exempt from consideration. Examples of minor improvements may include repair or replacement of features in kind, or other changes that do not alter character-defining features of the building.  Policy L-7.14: Protect Palo Alto’s archaeological resources, including natural land formations, sacred sites, the historical landscape, historic habitats and remains of settlements here before the founding of Palo Alto in the 19th century. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that the potential historic resources would be considered for inclusion on State and federal registers prior to demolition or alteration, and that archaeological resources would be protected. Through implementation of 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 13 these measures, the City would ensure the ongoing protection of potential historic and archaeological resources that have not already been identified and protected. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact CULT-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan could eliminate important examples of major periods of California history or prehistory. Mitigation Measure CULT-2: Implement Mitigation Measure CULT-1. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Through implementation of Mitigation Measure CULT-1, the City would maintain processes and procedures to ensure the ongoing protection of historic and archaeological resources, including important examples of California’s history and prehistory. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact CULT-3: Implementation of the proposed Plan could cause damage to an important archaeological resource as defined in Section 15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines. Mitigation Measure CULT-3: Implement Mitigation Measure CULT-1. In addition, to ensure that future development would not damage archaeological resources, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Archaeological surveys and mitigation plans for future development projects.  Developer compliance with applicable regulations regarding the identification and protection of archaeological and paleontological deposits, and unique geologic features.  Appropriate tribal consultation and consideration of tribal concerns. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy L-7.15: Appropriate tribal consultation and consideration of tribal concerns.  Policy L-7.16: Archaeological surveys and mitigation plans for future development projects.  Policy L-7.17: Developer compliance with applicable regulations regarding the identification and protection of archaeological and paleontological deposits, or unique geologic features. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that the City would require archaeological surveys and mitigation plans for future development projects and capital improvement projects that are subject to CEQA review, as well as compliance with archaeological protection regulations and tribal consultation. Implementation of these policies would avoid significant impacts to archaeological resources. In addition, through implementation of Mitigation Measure CULT-1, the City would maintain processes and procedures to ensure the ongoing protection of archaeological resources. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 14 Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact CULT-5: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. Mitigation Measure CULT-5: Implement Mitigation Measure CULT-3. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measure CULT-3 would incorporate policies into the proposed Plan to require compliance with paleontological protection regulations. These policies would ensure that future development projects and capital improvement projects subject to CEQA would avoid significant impacts to paleontological resources and unique geologic features. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact CULT-7: Implementation of the proposed Plan, in combination with past, present, and reasonably foreseeable projects, would result in significant cumulative impacts with respect to cultural resources. Mitigation Measure CULT-7: Implement Mitigation Measures CULT-1 and CULT-3. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Through implementation of Mitigation Measure CULT-1, the City would maintain processes and procedures to ensure the ongoing protection of historic and archaeological resources. These processes and procedures would protect historic and archaeological resources. Mitigation Measure CULT-3 would incorporate policies into the proposed Plan to require archaeological surveys and mitigation plans for future development projects and capital improvement projects, as well as compliance with archaeological and paleontological protection regulations and tribal consultation. These policies would ensure that future projects avoid significant impacts to archaeological and paleontological resources and that the City’s contribution to potential cumulative impacts to historic, archaeological, and paleontological resources would be reduced to a less-than-significant level. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Greenhouse Gas Emissions Impact GHG-3: The proposed Plan would expose people or structures to the physical effects of climate change, including but not limited to flooding, extreme temperatures, public health, wildfire risk, or other impacts resulting from climate change, requiring mitigation. Mitigation Measure GHG-3: To address the potential impacts associated with exposing people to the effects of climate change, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following: 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 15  Monitoring and response to flooding risks caused by climate change-related changes to precipitation patterns, groundwater levels, sea level rise, tides, and storm surges.  Cooperative planning with federal, State, regional, and local public agencies on issues related to climate change (including sea level rise and extreme storms).  Preparation of response strategies to address sea level rise, increased flooding, landslides, soil erosion, storm events, and other events related to climate change.  Implementation of adaptive strategies to address impacts of sea level rise on Palo Alto’s levee system. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies and programs that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy N-4.12: Encourage Low Impact Development (LID) measures to limit the amount of pavement and impervious surface in new development and increase the retention, treatment and infiltration of urban stormwater runoff. Include LID measures in major remodels, public projects and recreation projects where practical.  Policy N-8.2: With guidance from the City’s Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (S/CAP) and its subsequent updates and other future planning efforts, reduce greenhouse gas emissions from City operations and from the community.  Policy N-8.4: Continue to work with regional partners to build resiliency policy into City planning and capital projects, especially near the San Francisco Bay shoreline, while protecting the natural environment.  Program N8.4.1: Prepare response strategies that address sea level rise, increased flooding, landslides, soil erosion, storm events and other events related to climate change. Include strategies to respond to the impacts of sea level rise on Palo Alto’s levee system.  Policy S-1.9: Design Palo Alto’s infrastructure system to protect the life and safety of residents, ensure resiliency in the face of disaster and minimize economic loss, including in the context of climate change and sea level rise.  Program S1.10.3: Implement the mitigation strategies and guidelines provided by the LHMP, including those that address evolving hazards resulting from climate change.  Policy S-2.9: Prohibit new habitable basements in the development of single-family residential properties within 100-year flood zones of the FEMA-designated Special Flood Hazard Area.  Policy S-2.10: Monitor and respond to the risk of flooding caused by climate change-related changes to precipitation patterns, groundwater levels, sea level rise, tides and storm surges.  Policy S-2.11: Support regional efforts to improve bay levees.  Program S2.11.1: Work cooperatively with the Santa Clara Valley Water District and the San Francisquito Creek Joint Powers Authority to provide flood protection from high tide events on San Francisco Bay, taking into account the impacts of future sea level rise, to provide one percent (100-year) flood protection from tidal flooding, while being sensitive to preserving and protecting the natural environment.  Program S2.11.2: Work with regional, State, and federal agencies to develop additional adaptive strategies to address flood hazards to existing or new development and infrastructure, including environmentally sensitive levees. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 16 The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that the City considers the impact of climate change when making future decisions about development projects and capital improvement projects. The programs listed above illustrate ways the City is engaging in planning and strategies to reduce the risks associated with the effects of climate change. The policies and programs collectively ensure that the City reduces potential climate change hazards to the extent feasible. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Hydrology Impact HYD-2: The proposed Plan could substantially degrade or deplete ground water resources or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level. Mitigation Measure HYD-2: To reduce potential impacts associated with construction dewatering the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Avoidance of the impacts of basement construction for single-family homes on the natural environment and safety.  Conservation of subsurface water resources.  Construction techniques and recharge strategies to reduce subsurface and surface water impacts.  Monitoring of dewatering and excavation projects.  Cooperation with other jurisdictions and regional agencies to protect groundwater.  Protection of groundwater as a natural resource. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies and programs that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy L-3.5: Avoid negative impacts of basement construction for single-family homes on adjacent properties, public resources and the natural environment.  Policy N-4.7: Ensure regulation of groundwater use to protect it as a natural resource and to preserve it as a potential water supply in the event of water scarcity.  Policy N-4.8: Conserve and maintain subsurface water resources by exploring ways to reduce the impacts of residential basement dewatering and other excavation activities.  Program N4.8.1: Research and promote new construction techniques and recharge strategies developed to reduce subsurface and surface water impacts and comply with City dewatering policies.  Program N4.8.2: Explore appropriate ways to monitor dewatering for all dewatering and excavation projects to encourage maintaining groundwater levels and recharging of the aquifer where needed. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that the City would continue to work to reduce the environmental effects associated with construction dewatering, 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 17 including impacts to adjacent properties and subsurface water resources. The programs listed above illustrate the City commitment to advancing these policies. Implementation of Mitigation Measure HYD-2 would also ensure cooperation with other agencies to protect groundwater resources and would reduce impacts to groundwater resources to a less-than-significant level. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Land Use Impact LAND-1: The proposed Plan could adversely change the type or intensity of existing or planned land use patterns in the area. Mitigation Measure LAND-1: To ensure that the intensity of future development would not adversely change the land use patterns or affect the livability of Palo Alto neighborhoods, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Strengthening of residential neighborhoods.  Vitality of commercial areas and public facilities.  High-quality building and site design.  Architectural compatibility of new development.  Compatible infill development.  Avoidance of abrupt changes in the scale of development where residential districts abut more intense uses. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy L-1.2: Maintain and strengthen Palo Alto’s varied residential neighborhoods while sustaining the vitality of its commercial areas and public facilities.  Policy L-1.3: Infill development in the urban service area should be compatible with its surroundings and the overall scale and character of the city to ensure a compact, efficient development pattern.  Policy L-3.1: Ensure that new or remodeled structures are compatible with the neighborhood and adjacent structures.  Policy L-6.1: Promote high-quality design and site planning that is compatible with surrounding development and public spaces.  Policy L-6.2: Use the Zoning Ordinance, design review process, design guidelines and Coordinated Area Plans to ensure high quality residential and commercial design and architectural compatibility.  Policy L-6.7: Where possible, avoid abrupt changes in scale and density between residential and non-residential areas and between residential areas of different densities. To promote compatibility and gradual transitions between land uses, place zoning district boundaries at mid-block locations rather than along streets wherever possible.  Policy L-9.4: Maintain and enhance existing public gathering places and open spaces and integrate new public spaces at a variety of scales. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 18  Policy L-9.6: Create, preserve and enhance parks and publicly accessible, shared outdoor gathering spaces within walking and biking distance of residential neighborhoods. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that the City will require development and capital improvements allowed under the proposed Plan to achieve high- quality design, architectural compatibility, and context-sensitive building design, strengthening residential and commercial areas and avoiding adverse effects associated with the type or intensity of land use patterns. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact LAND-2: The proposed Plan would allow development that could be incompatible with adjacent land uses or with the general character of the surrounding area, including density and building height. Mitigation Measure LAND-2: Implement Mitigation Measure LAND-1. In addition, to further reduce potential impacts to visual character and ensure compatibility with adjacent land uses, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Use of City procedures, plans, and requirements to ensure high-quality building design and architectural compatibility. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy L-6.2: Use the Zoning Ordinance, design review process, design guidelines and Coordinated Area Plans to ensure high quality residential and commercial design and architectural compatibility.  Policy L-6.7: Where possible, avoid abrupt changes in scale and density between residential and non-residential areas and between residential areas of different densities. To promote compatibility and gradual transitions between land uses, place zoning district boundaries at mid-block locations rather than along streets wherever possible. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that the City will require development projects and capital improvement projects to provide appropriate land use transitions and adhere to design requirements for compatibility and high-quality design, and to avoid adverse effects associated with incompatible land uses, effectively avoiding adverse effects associated with the intensity of planned land uses. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact LAND-5: The proposed Plan could physically divide an established community. Mitigation Measure LAND-5: To avoid potential impacts from physically dividing an established community, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Enhanced connections to and from parks, schools, and community facilities for all users. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 19  Safe and convenient pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connections between residential areas and commercial centers.  Cooperation with other agencies to improve circulation connections.  Grade separation of rail crossings. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects. For example:  Policy L-1.6: Use coordinated area plans to guide development in areas of Palo Alto where significant change is foreseeable. Address both land use and transportation, define the desired character and urban design traits of the areas, identify opportunities for public open space, parks and recreational opportunities, address connectivity to and compatibility with adjacent residential areas; and include broad community involvement in the planning process.  Policy L-2.2: Enhance connections between commercial and mixed use centers and the surrounding residential neighborhoods by promoting walkable and bikeable connections and a diverse range of retail and services that caters to the daily needs of residents.  Policy T-1.17: Require new office, commercial and multi-family residential developments to provide improvements that improve bicycle and pedestrian connectivity as called for in the 2012 Palo Alto Bicycle + Pedestrian Transportation Plan.  Policy T-1.21: Maintain pedestrian- and bicycle-only use of alleyways Downtown and in the California Avenue area where appropriate to provide connectivity between businesses and parking and transit stops, and consider public art in the alleyways as a way to encourage walking.  Policy T-3.2: Enhance connections to, from and between parks, community centers, recreation facilities, libraries and schools for all users.  Policy T-3.13: Work with Caltrans, Santa Clara County and VTA to improve east and west connections in Palo Alto and maintain a circulation network that binds the city together in all directions.  Policy T-3.15: Pursue grade separation of rail crossings along the rail corridor as a City priority.  Policy T-8.12: Support the development of the Santa Clara County Countywide Bicycle System, and other regional bicycle plans. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures that future development projects and capital improvement projects will enhance connections with community facilities, improve safety for non-automotive connections, address grade separation of rail crossings, and involve cooperation with other agencies to improve circulation. City action consistent with these policies would improve accessibility throughout the city and ensure that established communities are not physically divided. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 20 Noise Impact NOISE-1: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to cause the average 24-hour noise level (Ldn) to increase by 5.0 decibels (dB) or more in an existing residential area, even if the Ldn would remain below 60 dB. Mitigation Measure NOISE-1a: To ensure that average 24-hour noise levels associated with long-term operational noise would not increase by 5.0 decibels (dB) or more in an existing residential area, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Location of land uses in areas with compatible noise environments.  Use of the guidelines in the “Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environment” table in the proposed Plan to evaluate the compatibility of proposed land uses with existing noise environments.  Clear guidelines for maximum outdoor noise levels in residential areas.  Adherence to the interior noise requirements of the State of California Building Standards Code (Title 24) and the Noise Insulation Standards (Title 25).  Inclusion of a noise contour map in the proposed Plan.  Reduction of noise impacts of development on adjacent properties.  Evaluation of noise impacts on existing residential, open space, and conservation land.  Requirement for new projects in the Multiple Family, Commercial, Manufacturing, or Planned Community districts to demonstrate compliance with the Noise Ordinance. Mitigation Measure NOISE-1b: To reduce potential impacts to new land uses from aircraft noise, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Compliance with the airport-related land use compatibility standards for community noise environments.  Prohibition of incompatible land use development within the 60 dBA CNEL noise contours of the Palo Alto airport, as established in the adopted County of Santa Clara Airport Land Use Commission Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) for the Palo Alto Airport. Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c: To reduce potential impacts to new land uses from railway noise, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Minimization of noise spillover from rail-related activities into adjacent residential or noise- sensitive areas.  Building design that reduces impacts from noise and ground borne vibrations associated with rail operations.  Guidelines for interior noise levels. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects. For example:  Policy N-6.1: Encourage the location of land uses in areas with compatible noise environments. Use the guidelines in Table N-1 to evaluate the compatibility of proposed 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 21 land uses with existing noise environments when preparing, revising, or reviewing development proposals. Acceptable exterior, interior and ways to discern noise exposure include:  The guideline for maximum outdoor noise levels in residential areas is an Ldn of 60 dB. This level is a guideline for the design and location of future development and a goal for the reduction of noise in existing development. However, 60 Ldn is a guideline which cannot necessarily be reached in all residential areas within the constraints of economic or aesthetic feasibility. This guideline will be primarily applied where outdoor use is a major consideration (e.g., backyards in single-family housing developments, and recreational areas in multiple family housing projects). Where the City determines that providing an Ldn of 60 dB or lower outdoors is not feasible, the noise level in outdoor areas intended for recreational use should be reduced to as close to the standard as feasible through project design.  Interior noise, per the requirements of the State of California Building Standards Code (Title 24) and Noise Insulation Standards (Title 25), must not exceed an Ldn of 45 dB in all habitable rooms of all new dwelling units.  Policy N-6.2: Noise exposure(s) can be determined from (a) the noise contour map included in this plan, (b) more detailed noise exposure studies, or (c) on area-specific or project- specific noise measurements, as appropriate.  Policy N-6.5: Protect residential and residentially-zoned properties from excessive and unnecessary noise from any sources on adjacent commercial or industrial properties.  Policy N-6.7: While a proposed project is in the development review process, the noise impact of the project on existing residential land uses, public open spaces and public conservation land should be evaluated in terms of the increase in existing noise levels for the potential for adverse community impact, regardless of existing background noise levels. If an area is below the applicable maximum noise guideline, an increase in noise up to the maximum should not necessarily be allowed.  Policy N-6.8: The City may require measures to reduce noise impacts of new development on adjacent properties through appropriate means including, but not limited to, the following:  Orient buildings to shield noise sensitive outdoor spaces from sources of noise.  Construct noise walls when other methods to reduce noise are not practical and when these walls will not shift similar noise impacts to another adjacent property.  Screen and control noise sources such as parking lots, outdoor activities and mechanical equipment, including HVAC equipment.  Increase setbacks to serve as a buffer between noise sources and adjacent dwellings.  Whenever possible, retain fences, walls or landscaping that serve as noise buffers while considering design, safety and other impacts.  Use soundproofing materials, noise reduction construction techniques, and/or acoustically rated windows/doors.  Include auxiliary power sources at loading docks to minimize truck engine idling.  Control hours of operation, including deliveries and trash pickup, to minimize noise impacts.  Policy N-6.9: Continue to require applicants for new projects or new mechanical equipment in the Multifamily, Commercial, Manufacturing or Planned Community districts to submit an 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 22 acoustical analysis demonstrating compliance with the Noise Ordinance prior to receiving a building permit.  Policy N-6.12: Ensure compliance with the airport related land use compatibility standards for community noise environments, shown in Table N-1, by prohibiting incompatible land use development within the 60 dBA CNEL noise contours of the Palo Alto airport.  Policy N-6.13: Minimize noise spillover from rail related activities into adjacent residential or noise-sensitive areas.  Policy N-6.14: Reduce impacts from noise and ground borne vibrations associated with rail operations by requiring that future habitable buildings use necessary design elements such as setbacks, landscaped berms and soundwalls to keep interior noise levels below 45 dBA Ldn and ground-borne vibration levels below 72 VdB. Mitigation Measure NOISE-1a incorporates policies into the proposed Plan to require adherence to noise guidelines, reduce potential noise impacts for adjacent properties, ensuring that long- term operational noise in residential areas would not increase by unacceptable levels. Mitigation Measure NOISE-1b would incorporate policies into the proposed Plan to require compliance with airport-related compatibility standards and prohibit development within the 60 dBA CNEL noise contour of the Palo Alto Airport, ensuring that new sensitive receptors are not exposed to unacceptable levels of noise from operation of the Palo Alto Airport. Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c would incorporate policies into the proposed Plan to address impacts associated with rail operations and require interior noise level guidelines and vibration impact analyses, ensuring that new construction near the rail corridor is adequate to address railway noise and vibration, to the extent feasible. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to cause the Ldn to increase by 3 dB or more in an existing residential area, thereby causing the Ldn in the area to exceed 60 dB. Mitigation Measure NOISE-2: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c would be implemented by including policies in the proposed Plan to ensure that noise levels in residential areas would not increase by unacceptable levels and ensure that new noise sources would be controlled and/or mitigated so as to comply with City standards. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-3: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to cause an increase of 3 dB or more in an existing residential area where the Ldn currently exceeds 60 dB. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 23 Mitigation Measure NOISE-3: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c would be implemented by including policies in the proposed Plan to ensure that noise levels in residential areas would not increase by unacceptable levels and would ensure that new noise sources would be controlled and/or mitigated so as to comply with City standards. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-4: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to result in indoor noise levels for residential development to exceed an Ldn of 45 dB. Mitigation Measure NOISE-4a: Implement Mitigation Measure NOISE-1a. Mitigation Measure NOISE-4b: The Land Use Noise Compatibility Guidelines established in the 1998 Comprehensive Plan shall be maintained. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measure NOISE-1a would be implemented by including policies in the proposed Plan to ensure that long-term operational noise in residential areas would not increase by unacceptable levels by maintaining the City’s Land Use Noise Compatibility Guidelines, which would be used to evaluate new development projects and capital improvement projects. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-5: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to expose persons to or generate excessive ground-borne vibration or ground-borne noise levels. Mitigation Measure NOISE-5a: To ensure that future development would not result in significant construction-related vibration impacts, the proposed Plan shall include policies that limit the hours of construction around sensitive receptors, and require formal, ongoing monitoring and reporting throughout the construction process for larger development projects, as well as the use of pertinent industry standards and City guidelines to avoid significant vibration impacts during construction or operations. Mitigation Measure NOISE-5b: Implement Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 24 Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes the following policy and program that collectively ensure implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects:  Policy N-6.11: Continue to prioritize construction noise limits around sensitive receptors, including through limiting construction hours and individual and cumulative noise from construction equipment.  Program N6.11.1: For larger development projects that demand intensive construction periods and/or use equipment that could create vibration impacts, such as the Stanford University Medical Center or major grade separation projects, require a vibration impact analysis, as well as formal, ongoing monitoring and reporting of noise levels throughout the entire construction process, pertinent to industry standards. The monitoring plan should identify hours of operation and could include information on the monitoring locations, durations and regularity, the instrumentation to be used and appropriate noise control measures to ensure compliance with the noise ordinance. The incorporation of this policy and program into the proposed Plan requires vibration analyses and vibration mitigation plans, as well as limits for vibration around vibration-sensitive receptors. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-6: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to expose people to noise levels in excess of established State standards. Mitigation Measure NOISE-6: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-4a and NOISE-4b. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measure NOISE-1a would be implemented by including policies in the proposed Plan to ensure that new land uses would be reviewed for compatibility with their surroundings and would not increase noise by unacceptable levels, and Mitigation Measure NOISE-4b would be implemented by maintaining the City’s Land Use Noise Compatibility Guidelines in the proposed Plan. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-7: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to result in the exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local General Plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies. Mitigation Measure NOISE-7: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, NOISE-1c, NOISE-4a, and NOISE-4b. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 25 Rationale for Finding: Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c would be implemented by including policies in the proposed Plan to ensure that residential areas would not be affected by new noise sources and would maintain the City’s Land Use Noise Compatibility Guidelines. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-8: Implementation of the proposed Plan could result in a potentially substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project. Mitigation Measure NOISE-8: To ensure that future development would not result in significant impacts to sensitive receptors from construction noise, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Construction noise limits around sensitive receptors.  Monitoring and reporting plans for construction noise levels of larger development projects.  Noise control measures to ensure compliance with the noise ordinance. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes the following policy and program that collectively ensure implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects:  Policy N-6.11: Continue to prioritize construction noise limits around sensitive receptors, including through limiting construction hours and individual and cumulative noise from construction equipment.  Program N6.11.1: For larger development projects that demand intensive construction periods and/or use equipment that could create vibration impacts, such as the Stanford University Medical Center or major grade separation projects, require a vibration impact analysis, as well as formal, ongoing monitoring and reporting of noise levels throughout the entire construction process, pertinent to industry standards. The monitoring plan should identify hours of operation and could include information on the monitoring locations, durations and regularity, the instrumentation to be used and appropriate noise control measures to ensure compliance with the noise ordinance. The incorporation of this policy and program into the proposed Plan limits construction noise around sensitive receptors, requires monitoring and reporting plans for construction noise of larger development projects, and requires noise control measures, reducing temporary or periodic increases to ambient noise levels to less-than-significant levels. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact NOISE-11: Implementation of the proposed Plan, in combination with past, present, and reasonably foreseeable projects, may result in significant cumulative impacts with respect to noise. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 26 Mitigation Measure NOISE-11a: Implement Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c. Mitigation Measure NOISE-11b: To address overall community noise impacts from train noise to the extent such noise is within the City’s control and in excess of established State and/or City standards, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Efforts to develop and implement technological methods to reduce train whistle noise from Caltrain.  Evaluation of at-grade rail crossings as potential Quiet Zones based on Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) rules and guidelines.  Grade separation of rail crossings as a City priority. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies and programs that would collectively implement this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects. For example:  Policy T-3.15: Pursue grade separation of rail crossings along the rail corridor as a City priority.  Policy N-6.13: Minimize noise spillover from rail related activities into adjacent residential or noise-sensitive areas.  Program N6.13.1: Encourage the Peninsula Corridors Joint Powers Board to pursue technologies and grade separations that would reduce or eliminate the need for train horns/whistles in communities served by rail service.  Program N6.13.2: Evaluate changing at-grade rail crossings so that they qualify as Quiet Zones based on Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) rules and guidelines in order to mitigate the effects of train horn noise without adversely affecting safety at railroad crossings. The incorporation of these policies and programs into the proposed Plan ensures the City’s focus on methods to reduce train whistle noise from Caltrain, evaluation of at-grade crossings as potential Quiet Zones, and the prioritization of grade separation. In addition, Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c would address new sources of noise in existing residential areas. Implementation of Mitigation Measures NOISE-1c and NOISE-11b would minimize the possibility for community-wide ambient noise increases due to cumulative sources to the extent feasible. After implementation of the new policies and mitigation measures, impacts from cumulative noise increases would be considered less than significant. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Public Services Impact PS-7: Implementation of the proposed Plan would result in an adverse physical impact from the construction of additional parks and recreation facilities in order to maintain acceptable performance standards. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 27 Mitigation Measure PS-7: To address the potential physical impacts of park construction/improvement, the Comprehensive Plan Update shall include policies that achieve the following:  Evaluation and mitigation of the construction impacts associated with park and recreational facility creation and expansion. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes the following policy that ensures implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects:  Policy N-1.13: Evaluate and mitigate the construction impacts associated with park and recreational facility creation and expansion. The incorporation of this policy into the proposed Plan requires evaluation and mitigation of construction impacts associated with the creation or expansion of park and recreational facilities. Facility construction projects developed consistent with this policy would avoid adverse physical impacts to the extent feasible. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact PS-8: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to result in substantial cumulative adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered parks and recreational facilities, need for new or physically altered parks and recreation facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios or other performance objectives. Mitigation Measure PS-8: Implement Mitigation Measure PS-7. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Implementation of Mitigation Measure PS-7 would ensure that facility construction projects developed consistent with referenced policies would avoid adverse physical impacts to the extent feasible. Therefore, the creation of new parkland would not contribute to potential significant cumulative impacts associated with new park construction. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Transportation Impact TRANS-1: Implementation of the project would cause an intersection to drop below its motor vehicle level of service standard, or deteriorate operations at representative intersections that already operate at a substandard level of service. Mitigation Measure TRANS-1a: Adopt a programmatic approach to reducing motor vehicle traffic, with the goal of achieving no net increase in peak-hour motor vehicle trips from new 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 28 development, with an exception for uses that directly contribute to the neighborhood character and diversity of Palo Alto (such as ground-floor retail and below-market-rate housing). The program should, at a minimum, require new development projects above a specific size threshold to prepare and implement a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan to achieve the following reduction in peak-hour motor vehicle trips from the rates included in the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ Trip Generation Manual for the appropriate land use category and size. These reductions are deemed aggressive, yet feasible, for the districts indicated.  45 percent reduction in the Downtown district  35 percent reduction in the California Avenue area  30 percent reduction in the Stanford Research Park  30 percent reduction in the El Camino Real Corridor  20 percent reduction in other areas of the city TDM Plans must be approved by the City and monitored by the property owner or the project proponent on an annual basis. The Plans must contain enforcement mechanisms or penalties that accrue if targets are not met and may achieve reductions by contributing to citywide or employment district shuttles or other proven transportation programs that are not directly under the property owner’s control. Mitigation Measure TRANS-1b: Require new development projects to pay a Transportation Impact Fee for all those peak-hour motor vehicle trips that cannot be reduced via TDM measures. Fees collected would be used for capital improvements aimed at reducing motor vehicle trips and motor vehicle traffic congestion. Mitigation Measure TRANS-1c: The proposed Plan shall include policies to ensure collaboration with regional agencies and neighboring jurisdictions, and identification and pursuit of funding for rail corridor improvements and grade separation. Policies shall support grade separation of rail crossings along the rail corridor as a City priority, and the undertaking of studies and outreach necessary to advance grade separation of Caltrain to become a “shovel ready” project. Mitigation Measure TRANS-1d: Consistent with State requirements, the City shall adopt a Multimodal Improvement Plan to address impacts to Congestion Management Program facilities. In addition, the proposed Plan shall include policies to engage in regional transportation planning and advocate for specific transit improvements and investments, such as Caltrain service enhancements and grade separations, Dumbarton Express service, enhanced bus service on El Camino Real with queue-jump lanes and curbside platforms, high-occupancy vehicle (HOV)/high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes, and additional VTA bus service. Mitigation Measure TRANS-1e: The proposed Plan shall include policies to encourage the PAUSD to analyze decisions regarding school assignments to reduce peak-period motor vehicle trips to and from school sites. Finding: Palo Alto is located in a dynamic region with a transportation network that is often quite congested. In this context, even small changes over time can contribute to significant traffic congestion. Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the proposed project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 29 identified in the EIR, but not to a level of less than significant. There are no additional feasible mitigation measures and no feasible alternatives that avoid this significant effect, as further addressed in Section III, Findings Concerning Alternatives. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies and programs that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of the City’s review of development proposals and capital improvement projects. For example:  Program T1.2.2: Formalize TDM requirements by ordinance and require new developments above a certain size threshold to prepare and implement a TDM Plan to meet specific performance standards. Require regular monitoring/reporting and provide for enforcement with meaningful penalties for noncompliance. The ordinance should also:  Establish a list of effective TDM measures that include transit promotion, prepaid transit passes, commuter checks, car sharing, carpooling, parking cash-out, bicycle lockers and showers, shuttles to Caltrain, requiring TMA membership and education and outreach to support the use of these modes.  Allow property owners to achieve reductions by contributing to citywide or employment district shuttles or other proven transportation programs that are not directly under the property owner’s control.  Provide a system for incorporating alternative measures as new ideas for TDM are developed.  Establish a mechanism to monitor the success of TDM measures and track the cumulative reduction of peak hour motor vehicle trips. TDM measures should at a minimum achieve the following reduction in peak hour motor vehicle trips, with a focus on single-occupant vehicle trips. Reductions should be based on the rates included in the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ Trip Generation Manual for the appropriate land use category: - 50 percent reduction in the Downtown district - 35 percent reduction in the California Avenue area - 30 percent reduction in the Stanford Research Park - 30 percent reduction in the El Camino Real Corridor - 20 percent reduction in other areas of the city  Require new development projects to pay a Transportation Impact Fee for all those peak- hour motor vehicle trips that cannot be reduced via TDM measures. Fees collected would be used for capital improvements aimed at reducing vehicle trips and traffic congestion.  Policy T-2.6: Work with PAUSD to ensure that decisions regarding school assignments are analyzed to reduce peak period motor vehicle trips to and from school sites.  Policy T-3.15: Pursue grade separation of rail crossings along the rail corridor as a City priority.  Program T3.15.1: Undertake studies and outreach necessary to advance grade separation of Caltrain to become a “shovel ready” project and strongly advocate for adequate State, regional and federal funding for design and construction of railroad grade separations.  Policy T-8.1: Engage in regional transportation planning and advocate for specific transit improvements and investments, such as Caltrain service enhancements and grade separations, Dumbarton Express service, enhanced bus service on El Camino Real with queue jumping and curbside platforms, HOV/HOT lanes and additional VTA bus service. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 30  Policy T-8.2: Participate in regional planning initiatives for the rail corridor and provide a strong guiding voice. Implementation of the TDM measures and other measures to reduce driving under Mitigation Measures TRANS-1a through TRANS-1e would result in a lower auto mode share, higher number of transit trips, lower VMT, and lower VMT per capita compared to pre-mitigation conditions. However, affected intersections are operating close to or below LOS standards under existing conditions, so even small increases in traffic at these intersections would trigger impacts. Under Mitigation Measure TRANS-1d, the City will prepare and adopt a Multimodal Improvement Plan to address impacts to Congestion Management Program (CMP) facilities. The EIR identifies significant impacts at three intersections included in the County’s CMP: El Camino Real (State Route 82) at San Antonio Road (in Mountain View) (referred to as Intersection #8 in the EIR analysis), Foothill Expressway/Junipero Serra Boulevard at Page Mill Road (Intersection #9), and Foothill Expressway at Arastradero Road (Intersection #10). VTA’s Congestion Management Agency (CMA) guidelines state that, “Deficiency plans should be prepared by the Member Agency in which the deficient CMP System facility or set of facilities is located.” Multimodal Improvement Plan requirements will be met for these three intersections as follows: Intersection #8 (El Camino Real at San Antonio Road) is located in Mountain View and Los Altos. Therefore, planning for the intersection is not under the jurisdiction of the City of Palo Alto. The City of Mountain View is currently drafting a Multimodal Improvement Plan that includes this intersection and can and should adopt the Multimodal Improvement Plan when it is complete. As required by VTA, acting as the Congestion Management Agency (“CMA”), the City of Palo Alto will participate in development of this Multimodal Improvement Plan. Intersection #9 (Foothill Expressway/Junipero Serra Boulevard at Page Mill Road) is located within the city but is under the County’s jurisdiction. This intersection was grandfathered in with an automobile LOS of F in 1991. Freeway segments and congestion management program (CMP) intersections that operated at LOS F when monitoring began in 1991 are considered exempt from meeting the CMP standard. Therefore, it is exempt from the requirement to prepare a Multimodal Improvement Plan. Intersection #10 (Foothill Expressway at Arastradero Road) is located within the city but is under the County’s jurisdiction. The City of Palo Alto will be adopting a new Transportation Nexus Study and Transportation Impact Fee shortly after adoption of the Comprehensive Plan Update and the certification of the Comprehensive Plan Update EIR. This nexus study, and impact fee calculation, will address the City’s share of a full grade-separation at this intersection. Preliminary designs and cost estimates for this grade-separation project have been developed by the Santa Clara County Department of Roads and Airports. With the construction of this project, this intersection should operate at an acceptable level of service, and no longer require the development of a Multimodal Improvement Plan. All of the above traffic mitigation measures would reduce, but not eliminate, Impact TRANS-1. Resulting Significance: Significant and Unavoidable 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 31 Impact TRANS-3: Implementation of the project would cause a freeway segment or ramp to drop below its level of service standard, or deteriorate operations that already operate at a substandard level of service. Mitigation Measure TRANS-3a: The City shall require new development projects to prepare and implement TDM programs, as described in TRANS-1a. TDM programs for worksites may include measures such as private bus services and free shuttle services to transit stations geared towards commuters. Mitigation Measure TRANS-3b: The proposed Comprehensive Plan shall include policies that advocate for efforts by Caltrans and the Valley Transportation Authority to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on existing freeway facilities consistent with Statewide GHG emissions reduction initiatives. Policies shall support the application of emerging freeway information, monitoring, and control systems that provide non-intrusive driver assistance and reduce congestion. Policies shall support, where appropriate, the conversion of existing traffic lanes to exclusive bus and high-occupancy vehicle (HOV)/high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes on freeways and expressways, including the Dumbarton Bridge, and the continuation of an HOV lane from Redwood City to San Francisco. Finding: Palo Alto is located in a dynamic region with a transportation network that is often quite congested. In this context, even small changes over time can contribute to significant traffic congestion. Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the proposed project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR, but not to a level of less than significant. There are no additional feasible mitigation measures and no feasible alternatives that avoid this significant effect, as further addressed in Section III, Findings Concerning Alternatives. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively ensure implementation of this mitigation measure during the course of development proposals and capital improvement projects. For example:  Policy T-8.6: Advocate for efforts by Caltrans and the Valley Transportation Authority to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on existing freeway facilities consistent with Statewide GHG emissions reduction initiatives.  Policy T-8.7: Support the application of emerging freeway information, monitoring and control systems that provide non-intrusive driver assistance and reduce congestion.  Policy T-8.8: Where appropriate, support the conversion of existing traffic lanes to exclusive bus and HOV lanes or Express/HOT lanes on freeways and expressways, including the Dumbarton Bridge, and the continuation of an HOV lane from Redwood City to San Francisco. The TDM measures called for in Mitigation Measures TRANS-1a and TRANS-3b, which include a TDM mitigation program and other measures, would reduce but not eliminate the impacts on freeway segments. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 32 Resulting Significance: Significant and Unavoidable Impact TRANS-6: Implementation of the project would impede the operation of a transit system as a result of congestion. Mitigation Measure TRANS-6: The proposed Comprehensive Plan shall include policies to collaborate with transit agencies in planning for and implementing convenient, efficient, coordinated, and effective bus service. Finding: Palo Alto is located in a dynamic region with a transportation network that is often quite congested. In this context, even small changes over time can contribute to significant traffic congestion. Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the proposed project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR, but not to a level of less than significant. There are no additional feasible mitigation measures and no feasible alternatives that avoid this significant effect, as further addressed in Section III, Findings Concerning Alternatives. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes the following policy that ensures implementation of this mitigation measure:  Policy T-1.12: Collaborate with transit agencies in planning and implementing convenient, efficient, coordinated and effective bus service in Palo Alto that addresses the needs of all segments of our population. The incorporation of this policy into the proposed Plan ensures that the City would pursue methods to give priority to buses and transit facilities. Even with implementation of Mitigation Measure TRANS-6, congestion at all intersections and on all roadway segments where buses operate would not be eliminated. Resulting Significance: Significant and Unavoidable Impact TRANS-8: Implementation of the project would create the potential demand for through traffic to use local residential streets. Mitigation Measure TRANS-8: The proposed Comprehensive Plan shall include policies to identify specific improvements that can be used to discourage drivers from using local, neighborhood streets to bypass traffic congestion on arterials. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes the following policy that ensures implementation of this mitigation measure:  Policy T-4.3: Identify specific improvements that can be used to discourage drivers from using local, neighborhood streets to bypass traffic congestion on arterials. Implementation of Mitigation Measure TRANS-8 would ensure that the City pursues improvements to reduce the use of local streets as bypass routes to avoid congestion on 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 33 arterials. The EIR notes that implementation of traffic calming is highly site-specific, depending on the physical characteristics of the street, the circulation pattern of a neighborhood, and whether the residents support specific measures, among many other factors. It is not possible at the Comprehensive Plan level to determine where traffic calming measures would be appropriate or feasible or which specific measures should be implemented along a given roadway or at a given intersection. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact TRANS-9: Implementation of the project would create an operational safety hazard. Mitigation Measure TRANS-9: Implement Mitigation Measure TRANS-8. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: Under Mitigation Measure TRANS-8, the City would pursue improvements to reduce the use of local streets as bypass routes to avoid congestion on arterials. Implementation of this mitigation measure would ensure that safety hazards associated with through traffic are reduced to a less-than-significant level. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Utilities Impact UTIL-15: Without the adoption of policies to promote recycling and conservation, the proposed Plan could potentially fall out of compliance with federal, State, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste. Mitigation Measure UTIL-15: To ensure that future development would comply with applicable solid waste regulations, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Ninety-five percent landfill diversion by 2030, and ultimately zero waste.  Reduced solid waste generation.  Use of reusable, returnable, recyclable, and repairable goods, through enforcement of the 2016 Plastic Foam Ordinance expansion.  Enhanced recycling and composting programs for all waste generators. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy S-3.8: Strive for 95 percent landfill diversion by 2030, and ultimately zero waste, by enhancing policies and programs for waste reduction, recycling, composting and reuse.  Policy S-3.9: Reduce solid waste generation through requiring salvage and reuse of building materials, including architecturally and historically significant materials.  Policy S-3.11: Encourage the use of reusable, returnable, recyclable and repairable goods, and discourage the use of single use plastic water bottles and extended polystyrene 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 34 (Styrofoam), through enforcement of the City’s 2016 Plastic Foam Ordinance expansion and continued incentives, education and responsible City purchasing policies. The incorporation of relevant policies into the proposed Plan ensures the City’s ongoing commitment to recycling and conservation in compliance with federal, State, and local laws. Implementation of Mitigation Measure UTIL-15 would ensure that the City complies with applicable solid waste regulations. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant Impact UTIL-17: The proposed Plan would not result in a substantial increase in natural gas and electrical service demands that would require the new construction of energy supply facilities and distribution infrastructure or capacity enhancing alterations to existing facilities. However, without the adoption of policies in support of energy efficiency and conservation, the proposed Plan would result in a potentially significant impact, requiring mitigation. Mitigation Measure UTIL-17: To ensure that future development would maximize energy efficiency and conservation the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Maximized conservation and efficient use of energy.  Continued procurement of carbon-neutral energy.  Investment in cost-effective energy efficiency and energy conservation programs.  Provision of public education programs addressing energy conservation and efficiency.  Use of cost-effective energy conservation measures in City projects and practices.  Adherence to State and federal energy efficiency standards and policies.  Consideration of a transition to a carbon-neutral natural gas supply. Finding: Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the project, which avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effect identified in the EIR. Rationale for Finding: The proposed Plan includes policies and programs that collectively support implementation of this mitigation measure. For example:  Policy N-7.1: Continue to procure carbon neutral energy for both long-term and short-term energy supplies, including renewable and hydroelectric resources, while investing in cost- effective energy efficiency and energy conservation programs.  Policy N-7.4: Maximize the conservation and efficient use of energy in new and existing residences and other buildings in Palo Alto.  Program N7.4.1: Continue timely incorporation of State and federal energy efficiency standards and policies in relevant City codes, regulations and procedures and higher local efficiency standards that are cost-effective.  Program N7.4.3: Incorporate cost-effective energy conservation measures into construction, maintenance and City operation and procurement practices.  Program N7.4.5: Continue to provide public education programs addressing energy conservation and efficiency.  Program N7.7.1: Evaluate the potential for a cost-effective plan for transitioning to a completely carbon-neutral natural gas supply.  Policy N-7.8: Support opportunities to maximize energy recovery from organic materials such as food scraps, yard trimmings and residual solids from sewage treatment. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 35  Policy S-3.10: Continue to implement the City’s Environmentally Preferred Purchasing policy and programs to reduce waste, toxic product use, resource consumption and to maximize energy efficiency. The incorporation of relevant policies and programs into the proposed Plan ensures that the City will continue its ongoing commitment to energy efficiency and conservation. Implementation of Mitigation Measure UTIL-17 would ensure that the City is engaging in planning to reduce natural gas and electricity demands in order to reduce potential impacts associated with the construction of energy supply facilities. Resulting Significance: Less than Significant III. FINDINGS CONCERNING ALTERNATIVES Significant and Unavoidable Impacts CEQA provides that decision-makers should not approve a project as proposed if there are feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation measures that would substantially lessen the significant impacts of the project (CEQA Section 21002). The EIR identified feasible mitigation measures that would reduce several of the potentially significant impacts to less than significant, as further set forth in the Section II findings above. However, the following impacts in the EIR remain significant after mitigation (i.e., significant and unavoidable) and no feasible mitigation or project alternative is identified to reduce impact to less than significant: 1. Impact AIR-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan could violate an air quality standard; contribute substantially to an existing or project air quality violation; and/or result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is nonattainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors). 2. Impact TRANS-1: Implementation of the project would cause an intersection to drop below its motor vehicle level of service standard, or deteriorate operations at representative intersections that already operate at a substandard level of service. 3. Impact TRANS-3: Implementation of the project would cause a freeway segment or ramp to drop below its level of service standard, or deteriorate operations that already operate at a substandard level of service. 4. Impact TRANS-6: Implementation of the project would impede the operation of a transit system as a result of congestion. All of these significant and unavoidable impacts arise from Palo Alto’s place within a growing region where traffic increases are projected due to forces well beyond the City’s control. Evaluations of virtually any long-range plan developed in this region would reach similar conclusions using the thresholds of significance relied upon in the City’s environmental documents. And even if the City does not update its Comprehensive Plan (as represented by EIR Scenario 1), these impacts would remain significant and unavoidable after the City’s best efforts at mitigation. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 36 In compliance with CEQA, the following findings address whether there are any feasible alternatives or any additional feasible mitigation measures available that would reduce the significant and unavoidable impacts identified in the EIR for the proposed project to less than significant. Project Alternatives CEQA requires that an EIR "describe a range of reasonable alternatives to the project, or to the location of the project, which would feasibly attain most of the basic objectives of the project ..." (CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.6(a)). “If a project alternative will substantially lessen the significant environmental effects of a proposed project, the decision-maker should not approve the proposed project unless it determines that specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations, ... make the project alternative infeasible.” (CEQA Sections 21002 and 21081(a)(3), and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091(a)(3).) The City Council hereby makes these findings with respect to alternatives. The project objectives are set forth in Chapter 3 of the Supplement to the Draft EIR. As explained in Chapter 2 of the Final EIR and referenced sections of the February 2016 Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR, the City has assessed a “range of reasonable alternatives” throughout the environmental document, in the form of four planning scenarios (in the Draft EIR), two additional planning scenarios (in the Supplement to the Draft EIR), and a hybrid “preferred scenario” (in the Final EIR). In addition, Chapter 6 of the February 2016 Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR discuss a “No Growth Scenario” and an “Environmentally Superior Alternative,” and both the Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR discuss alternatives considered and rejected, with an explanation as to why certain concepts were not carried forward for detailed analysis. As further set forth below, the City Council has considered all of the possible alternatives (including the planning scenarios) identified and analyzed in EIR and has elected to adopt the preferred scenario described in Chapter 2 of the Final EIR. None of the other scenarios and alternatives would eliminate the significant impacts identified above, and the City finds that doing so would be infeasible for specific economic, social, or other considerations pursuant to CEQA Sections 21002 and 21081(a)(3), and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091(a)(3). For CEQA purposes, “feasible” means capable of being accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic, environmental, social, technological, and legal factors. (CEQA Section 21061.1, CEQA Guidelines Section 15364.) 1. No Project Alternative (Scenario 1) CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.6(e) requires that a "No Project Alternative" be evaluated as part of an EIR. Scenario 1 represents a “Business as Usual” scenario that approximates what is expected to occur if the 1998 Comprehensive Plan is not updated and the proposed Plan is not adopted. Thus Scenario 1 represents the “no project alternative” required by CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.6(e). 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 37 Scenario 1 would be expected to result in less residential development than the preferred scenario, but would result in a higher increase in employment than the preferred scenario. As shown in Table 1-3 of the Supplement to the Draft EIR, Scenario 1 would not avoid any of the significant and unavoidable impacts identified for the scenarios. Scenario 1 would also not include any of the policy adjustments included in the June 30, 2017 Draft of the Comprehensive Plan Update, new innovations in housing or new approaches to address the high cost of housing or high jobs-to-employed-residents balance in the city. Under Scenario 1, the Comprehensive Plan would also not be updated to include new policies related to climate change, transportation demand management (TDM), and transit-oriented development. Without policies to address these key issues, Scenario 1 would not fully achieve the City’s objectives to updates the vision for Palo Alto’s future to reflect current conditions and anticipated trends. Finding: The City Council considered a No Project Alterative and declines to adopt it because it does not reduce the project’s significant and unavoidable impacts and is inconsistent with several of the project objectives including:  Provide a legally adequate Comprehensive Plan that updates the vision for Palo Alto’s future to reflect current conditions and anticipated trends.  Establish performance standards to ensure that future development contributes to and does not detract from Palo Alto’s quality of life.  Identify needed roadway improvements to address congestion related to future development.  Enable resiliency and adaptation to respond to the consequences of climate change.  Support Palo Alto’s leadership in relationships with neighboring jurisdictions and State and regional agencies. A comprehensive plan is intended to be an integrated, internally consistent and compatible statement of city policies. State law requires that comprehensive plans be periodically reviewed and revised as necessary (Government Code Sections 65040.5, 65300, 65300.5). Retaining the current comprehensive plan, last comprehensively updated in 1998, without an update to reflect changes in the City’s vision for its development and preservation would not be consistent with State planning law. For all of these reasons, this alternative is infeasible, as supported by the administrative record for the proposed project. 2. No Growth Scenario Appendix H of the Supplement to the Draft EIR provides a discussion and analysis of a “No Growth Scenario,” conducted as a purely hypothetical exercise to highlight the extent to which the proposed Plan’s significant and unavoidable impacts result from regional growth outside of Palo Alto. The No Growth Scenario analysis assumes that the proposed Plan is not adopted and that no growth in population, employment, or square footage would occur in Palo Alto by 2030 beyond the amount of development existing in 2014, plus new growth permitted by fall 2016. Although the No Growth Scenario would result in less development than the preferred scenario, as discussed in Appendix H of the Supplement to the Draft EIR, the No Growth Scenario would not avoid any of the significant and unavoidable impacts identified for the project. This illustrates that, even if Palo Alto were to put measures in place to halt future growth entirely, 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 38 the surrounding region would continue to grow, and as a result many of the impacts identified in the EIR would still occur. The No Growth Scenario is purely hypothetical and would not include strategies to address housing needs, climate change goals, or TDM strategies. Therefore, the No Growth Scenario would not meet the project objectives. Moreover, it is infeasible to implement, as it would be impractical and/or illegal for the City to prevent existing residents from adding to their households or families, and stopping residential growth would violate State housing laws that require local governments to participate in “accommodat[ing] the housing needs of Californians of all economic levels” (California Government Code Section 65580 et seq.). In terms of job growth, while the City could conceivably prevent development of additional non-residential square footage, it would be very difficult to stop employers from adding new employees to existing buildings, and such a moratorium would create intense demand for office space in Palo Alto, increasing commercial rents and creating pressure for non-residential uses such as retail/service business and lower-rent office uses to convert to high-rent, tech-based office and research and development (R&D) uses. Finding: The City Council considered the No Growth Scenario and declines to adopt it because it is infeasible, does not reduce the project’s significant and unavoidable impacts, and is inconsistent with several of the project objectives, including:  Provide a legally adequate Comprehensive Plan that updates the vision for Palo Alto’s future to reflect current conditions and anticipated trends.  Guide future land use and development decisions and assist staff and decision-makers in balancing sometimes competing interests.  Address the needs of a changing population and accommodate additional housing.  Establish performance standards to ensure that future development contributes to and does not detract from Palo Alto’s quality of life.  Reduce the impacts of cars on the environment and improve options for pedestrians, bicyclists, and transit-users.  Preserve existing single-family neighborhoods while allowing the development of diverse types of housing affordable to all members of the community.  Identify needed roadway improvements to address congestion related to future development.  Enable resiliency and adaptation to respond to the consequences of climate change.  Enable the City to deliver top-quality community services to all residents.  Retain existing businesses, maintain vital commercial areas, and attract quality new businesses.  Support Palo Alto’s leadership in relationships with neighboring jurisdictions and State and regional agencies. For all of these reasons, this alternative is infeasible, as supported by the administrative record for the proposed project. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 39 3. Hybrid Alternative Chapter 6 of the February 2016 Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR provide a discussion of a “Hybrid Alternative.” The discussion of the Hybrid Alternative explains that the scenario adopted by the City as the Comprehensive Plan Update would not be expected to be identical to any of the scenarios analyzed in the February 2016 Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR, but would rather draw from the scenarios and combine components of various scenarios. The discussion also explains that the Hybrid Alternative would be developed based, in part, on the data and analysis that the February 2016 Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR provide. Based on the EIR’s conclusions, the Supplement to the Draft EIR states that a Hybrid Alternative would likely be one that combines the moderate rates of housing growth in Scenarios 3 and 5 with the sustainability initiatives tested in Scenarios 4 through 6. The Supplement to the Draft EIR did not predict the number of jobs that would be included in the Hybrid Alternative, but did explain that a lower level of job growth, such as under Scenario 5, would result in fewer GHG emissions. Overall, the Hybrid Alternative would have impacts similar to those of Scenarios 1 through 6. Aesthetics, land use, and population/housing impacts would be similar to Scenarios 3 and 5 if housing sites along San Antonio and South El Camino are eliminated and replaced by higher densities on existing sites closer to transit and services, and if growth control measures are similar to those adopted by the City Council on an interim basis in 2015. The Hybrid Alternative would also have similar less-than-significant impacts to Scenario 2, 3, or 5 in the topic areas of biological resources, cultural resources, geology, hazardous materials, hydrology, public services, and utilities. The Hybrid Alternative could further reduce the transportation, air quality, noise, and greenhouse gas emission impacts associated with Scenario 3 by incorporating some of the sustainability features included in Scenarios 4 through 6 to reduce traffic and vehicle miles traveled. Although, as with Scenarios 1 through 6, proposed mitigation measures could address some of the Hybrid Alternative’s impacts related to transportation, air quality, and noise, some impacts related to transportation and air quality, although reduced, would remain significant even after mitigation measures are applied. The Hybrid Alternative contemplates lower levels of job growth than the preferred scenario, but it also includes lower rates of housing growth than the preferred scenario, so the Hybrid Alternative would be expected to result in a higher jobs-to- employed-residents ratio than the preferred scenario, and therefore would not meet the City’s goals to reduce this ratio. Finding: The City Council considered the Hybrid Alternative and declines to adopt it because it does not reduce the project’s significant and unavoidable impacts and it does not promote as well as the preferred scenario the City’s policy goals and objectives of accommodating anticipated housing growth and improving the City’s jobs to housing (employed resident) imbalance, all as supported by the administrative record for the proposed project. 4. Planning Scenarios 2 Through 6 Scenarios 2 through 6 in the Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR are part of the reasonable range of alternatives the City has considered because they present different ways 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 40 that the City could plan for its future and vary in terms of the housing and employment projected to occur by the horizon year of 2030. The preferred scenario that has been selected for adoption shares many characteristics with these other planning scenarios, and was developed by the City Council based on extensive community input and deliberations. As described in Chapter 2 of the Final EIR, the preferred scenario is essentially a hybrid of the other Scenarios, and represents the evolution of a long public planning process. There are not substantial differences in the number or extent of environmental impacts among the scenarios evaluated in the February 2016 Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR. While the majority of potential impacts could be mitigated to a less-than-significant level, all of the scenarios would result in the same significant and unavoidable impacts to air quality and transportation, and the preferred scenario would result in the same significant and unavoidable impacts. However, there are differences of degree among the scenarios, as described below. A. Scenario 2 Although similar to the preferred scenario, Scenario 2 would result in slightly lower motor vehicle trips than the preferred scenario. Scenario 2 would also result in a lower level of population and jobs growth. Therefore, Scenario 2 would result in lower greenhouse gas and air quality emissions than the preferred scenario. However, Scenario 2 would result in a greater jobs/housing imbalance than the preferred scenario and would not meet the City’s goal to expand housing options as well as the preferred scenario. B. Scenario 3 Scenario 3 would result in more motor vehicle trips than the preferred scenario. Scenario 3 would result in a level of population growth equal to the lower end of the preferred scenario, and a higher level of job growth. Therefore, Scenario 3 would result in higher levels of greenhouse gas and air quality emissions than the preferred scenario. Overall, Scenario 3 would result in a greater jobs/housing imbalance than the preferred scenario and would not meet the City’s sustainability goals as well as the preferred scenario. C. Scenario 4 Scenario 4 would result in lower motor vehicle trips than the preferred scenario. Scenario 4 would result in a level of population growth equal to the higher end of the preferred scenario, and a higher level of job growth. Overall, due to its lower motor vehicle trips, Scenario 4 would be expected to result in lower greenhouse gas and air quality emissions than the preferred scenario. However, Scenario 4 would result in a greater jobs/housing imbalance than the preferred scenario, which would conflict with City goals. D. Scenario 5 Scenario 5 would result in the fewest motor vehicle trips of all the scenarios (including the preferred scenario). Scenario 5 would result in a level of population growth equal to the lower end of the preferred scenario, and less jobs growth than the preferred scenario. Overall, Scenario 5 would result in a similar jobs/housing balance as the preferred scenario (slightly higher than the preferred scenario within the city but lower within the city plus Sphere of Influence). In addition, Scenario 5 would include the sustainability measures of Scenarios 4 and 6. Overall, due to its lower motor vehicle trips, lower overall growth, and similar jobs/housing balance, Scenario 5 would be expected to result in lower greenhouse gas and air quality 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 41 emissions than the preferred scenario. By combining the rigorous sustainability initiatives of Scenarios 4 and 6 with the modest housing growth of Scenario 3 and low job growth of Scenario 6, Scenario 5 would be the environmentally preferred scenario. However, Scenario 5 would not meet the City’s goals to expand housing options. E. Scenario 6 Scenario 6 would result in lower motor vehicle trips than the preferred scenario. Scenario 6 would result in more population growth and less jobs growth than the preferred scenario and would achieve the lowest jobs-to-employed-residents ratio of all the scenarios (including the preferred scenario). In addition, Scenario 6 would include the sustainability measures of Scenarios 4 and 5. Overall, due to its lower motor vehicle trips and jobs/housing balance, Scenario 6 would be expected to result in lower greenhouse gas and air quality emissions than the preferred scenario. Scenario 6 would have the highest population growth of any scenario, exceeding regional projections and resulting in the greatest demand for schools, parkland, and services provided to residents. As a result, Scenario 6 would not meet the project objective regarding service delivery as well as the preferred scenario. Finding: The City Council considered Scenarios 2 through 6 and declines to adopt any of these scenarios. Scenario 3 would not reduce the project’s significant and unavoidable impacts. Scenarios 2, 4, 5, and 6 would somewhat lessen, but would not avoid, the project’s significant and unavoidable impacts, but are less responsive to the project objectives than the preferred scenario, particularly to the objective to address the needs of a changing population, accommodating additional housing, and enabling delivery of top-quality community services to all residents. IV. STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS The City Council of the City of Palo Alto adopts and makes the following Statement of Overriding Considerations regarding the significant, unavoidable impacts of the Project and the anticipated benefits of the Project. General. The City is considering approval of the Comprehensive Plan Update 2030 (“proposed project”). CEQA requires decision-makers to balance the economic, legal, social, technological or other benefits of a proposed project against its unavoidable impacts when determining whether to approve the project. If the specific benefits of a project outweigh the unavoidable adverse environmental effects, those effects may be considered acceptable, and the agency must state the specific reasons to support the action in a “statement of overriding considerations” supported by substantial evidence in the record. (CEQA Guidelines Section 15903). Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15093, the City Council must adopt a Statement of Overriding Considerations for the significant and unavoidable impacts of the project in connection with approval of the project. The City Council believes that many of the unavoidable environmental effects identified in the EIR will be substantially lessened by mitigation measures adopted with the EIR and implemented with future development and actions taken under the project. Even with mitigation, the City Council recognizes that the implementation of the project carries with it significant and unavoidable environmental effects, as identified in the EIR. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 42 Adoption of the June 30, 2017 Draft of the Comprehensive Plan Update 2030, with the specific changes included in the City Council’s resolution, would result in the following significant and unavoidable impacts: 5. Impact AIR-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan could violate an air quality standard; contribute substantially to an existing or project air quality violation; and/or result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is nonattainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors). 6. Impact TRANS-1: Implementation of the project would cause an intersection to drop below its motor vehicle level of service standard, or deteriorate operations at representative intersections that already operate at a substandard level of service. 7. Impact TRANS-3: Implementation of the project would cause a freeway segment or ramp to drop below its level of service standard, or deteriorate operations that already operate at a substandard level of service. 8. Impact TRANS-6: Implementation of the project would impede the operation of a transit system as a result of congestion. Overriding Considerations The City Council has carefully considered each significant unavoidable project impact in reaching its decision to approve the project. Even with mitigation, the City Council recognizes that implementation of the project carries with it unavoidable adverse environmental effects, as identified in the EIR. The City Council specifically finds that, to the extent that the identified significant adverse impacts for the project have not been reduced to acceptable levels through feasible mitigation or alternatives, there are specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other benefits, including region-wide or statewide environmental benefits that outweigh the project’s significant unavoidable impacts and support approval of the project. Any one of these benefits as set forth below is sufficient to justify approval of the project. The substantial evidence supporting the various benefits is in the record as a whole. The following statement identifies the reasons why, in the City’s judgment, specific benefits of the project outweigh the significant and unavoidable effects. The City finds that each of the project benefits discussed below is a separate and independent basis for these findings. The reasons set forth below are based on the Final EIR and other information in the administrative record. Economic Benefits 1. The proposed Plan strengthens strategies to preserve retail. 2. The proposed Plan includes a cumulative “cap” on the amount of new office/research and development (R&D) space that would allow up to 1.7 million square feet of new office/R&D uses over the life of the plan. 3. The proposed Plan allows the City to remain a competitive and innovative business destination. Legal Benefits 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 43 1. The proposed Plan updates sections of the City’s Comprehensive Plan that are required by State law, and the State recommends that local jurisdictions update their plans every 10 years. Social Benefits 1. The proposed Plan was developed to reflect community priorities and concerns, with extensive input from the general public, a Citizens Advisory Committee, the Planning and Transportation Commission, and the City Council. 2. The proposed Plan responds to community concerns about housing affordability and availability. 3. The proposed Plan would allow a balance of development that would help to reduce the City’s jobs/housing imbalance. 4. The proposed Plan would preserve existing parks, recreational facilities, and open space areas. 5. The proposed Plan would protect and preserve existing residential neighborhoods. Technological Benefits 1. The proposed Plan supports Caltrain modernization, including electrification. Environmental Benefits 1. The proposed Plan updates the City’s policy framework to address important contemporary environmental issues, including as climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. 2. The proposed Plan includes a program to formalize transportation demand management (TDM) requirements. 3. The proposed Plan would protect and enhance the urban forest as natural infrastructure. 4. The proposed Plan concentrates growth in existing corridors and nodes, and thereby results in fewer impacts from the construction of new infrastructure and reduces vehicle miles traveled per capita, which translates into air quality and greenhouse gas emissions benefits and increases in resources and energy efficiency. 5. The proposed Plan includes policies that encourage conservation of water and energy resources in conformance with the City’s sustainability goals. 171003 JB SL/PLANNING/LONGRANGE/COMP PLAN 44 V. MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM Attached to this Resolution as Exhibit A and incorporated and adopted as part of this Resolution herein is the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (“MMRP”) for the Project required under Public Resources Code Section 21081.6. The MMRP identifies impacts of the Project, corresponding mitigation, timing for implementation, and designation for responsibility for mitigation implementation and monitoring. VI. LOCATION AND CUSTODIAN OF RECORDS The documents and other materials that constitute the record of proceedings on which the City Council based the foregoing findings and approval of the Project are located at the Department of Planning and Community Environment, 285 Hamilton Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94301. The official custodian of the record is the Planning and Community Environment Director at the same address. INTRODUCED AND PASSED: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTENTIONS: ATTEST: APPROVED: ______________________________ _________________________________ City Clerk Mayor APPROVED AS TO FORM: _________________________________ City Manager _______________________________ Assistant City Attorney _________________________________ Director of Planning and Community Environment PLACEWORKS 1 Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program This Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program (MMRP) for the City of Palo Alto is intended to ensure the implementation of mitigation measures identified as part of the environmental review for the proposed project. The proposed project is the adoption and implementation of an updated Comprehensive Plan for the City of Palo Alto, along with associated amendments to the City of Palo Alto Zoning Code. The MMRP includes the following information: A list of mitigation measures. The timing for implementation of each mitigation measure. The agency responsible for monitoring implementation. The monitoring action and frequency. The City of Palo Alto must adopt this MMRP, or an equally effective program, if it adopts the City of Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Zoning Code amendments with the mitigation measures that were adopted or made conditions of project adoption. EXHIBIT A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 2 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency Aesthetics and Visual Resources AES-1: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the area and its surroundings. AES-1: To ensure that increased residential densities would not degrade the visual character or quality of the area, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  High-quality building and site design.  Compatibility with the neighborhood and adjacent structures.  Enhancement of existing commercial centers.  Requirements for landscaping and street trees.  Preservation and creation of a safe and inviting pedestrian environment.  Appropriate building form, massing, and setbacks. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto Planning and Community Environment (PCE) Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies continue to mitigate this impact. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments AES-4: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to substantially shadow public open space (other than public open streets and adjacent sidewalks) between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. from September 21 to March 21. AES-4: The City shall amend its local CEQA guidelines to require development projects of a certain size or location to prepare an analysis of potential shade/shadow impacts. The analysis shall focus on potential impacts to public open spaces (other than public streets and adjacent sidewalks) between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. from September 21 to March 21. The analysis shall identify whether the project would shadow open spaces during these times, explain how the project meets City design requirements and other City policy goals, and describe ways to mitigate substantial shade and shadow impacts through feasible building and site design features. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Within twelve months of proposed Comprehensive Plan adoption City of Palo Alto PCE Department Confirm update of CEQA guidelines. Once COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 3 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency Air Quality AIR-1: Without inclusion of air quality policies, implementation of the proposed Plan could conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan. AIR-1: To ensure consistency with the 2010 Bay Area Clean Air Plan, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Reduction in emissions of particulates from automobiles, manufacturing, construction activity, and other sources (e.g., dry cleaning, wood burning, landscape maintenance).  Support for regional, State, and federal programs that improve air quality.  Support for transit, bicycling, and walking.  Mix of uses (e.g., housing near employment centers) and development types (e.g., infill) to reduce the need to drive. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies continue to mitigate this impact. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments AIR-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan could violate an air quality standard; contribute substantially to an existing or project air quality violation; and/or result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the Project region is nonattainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors). AIR-2a: The City shall amend its local CEQA Guidelines and Municipal Code to require, as part of the City’s development approval process, that future development projects comply with the current BAAQMD basic control measures for reducing construction emissions of PM10 (Table 8-2, Basic Construction Mitigation Measures Recommended for All Proposed Projects, of the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines). City of Palo Alto PCE Department Within twelve months of proposed Comprehensive Plan adoption City of Palo Alto PCE Department Confirm update of CEQA guidelines and Municipal Code. Once AIR-2b: The City shall amend its local CEQA Guidelines to require that, prior to issuance of construction permits, development project City of Palo Alto PCE Department Within twelve months of proposed City of Palo Alto PCE Department Confirm update of CEQA guidelines. Once COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 4 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency applicants that are subject to CEQA and have the potential to exceed the BAAQMD screening-criteria listed in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines prepare and submit to the City of Palo Alto a technical assessment evaluating potential project construction-related air quality impacts. The evaluation shall be prepared in conformance with BAAQMD methodology in assessing air quality impacts. If construction-related criteria air pollutants are determined to have the potential to exceed the BAAQMD thresholds of significance, as identified in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines, the City of Palo Alto shall require that applicants for new development projects incorporate mitigation measures (Table 8-3, Additional Construction Mitigation Measures Recommended for Projects with Construction Emissions Above the Threshold, of the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines or applicable construction mitigation measures subsequently approved by BAAQMD) to reduce air pollutant emissions during construction activities to below these thresholds. These identified measures shall be incorporated into all appropriate construction documents (e.g., construction management plans) submitted to the City. Comprehensive Plan adoption AIR-2c: To ensure that development projects that have the potential to exceed the BAAQMD screening criteria air pollutants listed in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines reduce regional air pollutant emissions below the BAAQMD thresholds of significance, the proposed Plan shall include policies that require compliance with BAAQMD requirements, including BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies continue to mitigate this impact. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments AIR-2d: Implement Mitigation Measures TRANS-1a and TRANS-1b. In addition, to reduce long-term air quality impacts by emphasizing walkable neighborhoods and supporting alternative modes of Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies continue to mitigate this impact. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 5 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency transportation, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Enhanced pedestrian and bicycle connections between commercial and mixed-use centers. AIR-3: Implementation of the proposed Plan would expose sensitive receptors to substantial concentrations of air pollution. AIR-3a: The City of Palo Alto shall update its CEQA Procedures to require that future non-residential projects within the city that: 1) have the potential to generate 100 or more diesel truck trips per day or have 40 or more trucks with operating diesel- powered TRUs, and 2) are within 1,000 feet of a sensitive land use (e.g., residential, schools, hospitals, nursing homes), as measured from the property line of a proposed project to the property line of the nearest sensitive use, shall submit a health risk assessment (HRA) to the City of Palo Alto prior to future discretionary project approval or shall comply with best practices recommended for implementation by the BAAQMD. The HRA shall be prepared in accordance with policies and procedures of the State Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District. If the HRA shows that the incremental cancer risk exceeds the BAAQMD significance thresholds, the applicant will be required to identify and demonstrate that mitigation measures are capable of reducing potential cancer and noncancer risks to an acceptable level, including appropriate enforcement mechanisms. Mitigation measures and best practices may include but are not limited to:  Restricting idling on-site beyond Air Toxic Control Measures idling restrictions, as feasible.  Electrifying warehousing docks.  Requiring use of newer equipment and/or vehicles. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Within twelve months of Plan adoption City of Palo Alto PCE Department Confirm update of CEQA Procedures. Once COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 6 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency  Restricting off-site truck travel through the creation of truck routes. Mitigation measures identified in the project-specific HRA shall be identified as mitigation measures in the environmental document and/or incorporated into the site development plan as a component of a proposed project. AIR-3b: To ensure that new industrial and warehousing projects with the potential to generate new stationary and mobile sources of air toxics that exceed the BAAQMD project-level and/or cumulative significance thresholds for toxic air contaminants and PM2.5 listed in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines reduce emissions below the BAAQMD thresholds of significance, amend the City’s CEQA guidelines to require compliance with BAAQMD requirements. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies continue to mitigate this impact. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments AIR-3c: The proposed Plan shall include policies to mitigate potential sources of toxic air contaminants through siting or other means to reduce human health risks and meet the Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s applicable threshold of significance. Policies shall also require that new sensitive land use projects (e.g., residences, schools, hospitals, nursing homes, parks or playgrounds, and day care centers) within 1,000 feet of a major stationary source of TACs and roadways with traffic volumes over 10,000 vehicles per day consider potential health risks and incorporate adequate precautions, such as high-efficiency air filtration, into project design. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies continue to mitigate this impact. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments AIR-4: Implementation of the proposed Plan could create or expose a substantial number of people to objectionable odors unless policies are AIR-4: To reduce odor impacts, the proposed Plan shall include policies requiring:  Buffers, mechanical, and other mitigation methods to avoid creating a nuisance. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies and programs in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 7 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency integrated into the proposed Plan. Cultural Resources CULT-1: Implementation of the proposed Plan could adversely affect a historic resource listed or eligible for listing on the National and/or California Register, or listed on the City’s Historic Inventory. CULT-1: To ensure the protection of potentially historic resources, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Process for reviewing proposed demolition or alteration of potentially historic buildings.  Protection of archaeological resources. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments CULT-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan could eliminate important examples of major periods of California history or prehistory. CULT-2: Implement Mitigation Measure CULT-1. See Mitigation Measure CULT-1. CULT-3: Implementation of the proposed Plan could cause damage to an important archaeological resource as defined in Section 15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines. CULT-3: Implement Mitigation Measure CULT-1. In addition, to ensure that future development would not damage archaeological resources, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Archaeological surveys and mitigation plans for future development projects.  Developer compliance with applicable regulations regarding the identification and protection of archaeological and paleontological deposits, and unique geologic features.  Appropriate tribal consultation and consideration of tribal concerns. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments CULT-5: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique CULT-5: Implement Mitigation Measure CULT-3. See Mitigation Measure CULT-3. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 8 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency geologic feature. CULT-7: Implementation of the proposed Plan, in combination with past, present, and reasonably foreseeable projects, would result in significant cumulative impacts with respect to cultural resources. CULT-7: Implement Mitigation Measures CULT-1 and CULT-3. See Mitigation Measures CULT-1 and CULT-3. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change GHG-3: The proposed Plan would expose people or structures to the physical effects of climate change, including but not limited to flooding, extreme temperatures, public health, wildfire risk, or other impacts resulting from climate change, requiring mitigation. GHG-3: To address the potential impacts associated with exposing people to the effects of climate change, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Monitoring and response to flooding risks caused by climate change-related changes to precipitation patterns, groundwater levels, sea level rise, tides, and storm surges.  Cooperative planning with federal, State, regional, and local public agencies on issues related to climate change (including sea level rise and extreme storms).  Preparation of response strategies to address sea level rise, increased flooding, landslides, soil erosion, storm events, and other events related to climate change.  Implementation of adaptive strategies to address impacts of sea level rise on Palo Alto’s levee system. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 9 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency Hydrology and Water Quality HYD-2: The proposed Plan could substantially degrade or deplete ground water resources or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level. HYD-2: To reduce potential impacts associated with construction dewatering the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Avoidance of the impacts of basement construction for single-family homes on the natural environment and safety.  Conservation of subsurface water resources.  Construction techniques and recharge strategies to reduce subsurface and surface water impacts.  Monitoring of dewatering and excavation projects.  Cooperation with other jurisdictions and regional agencies to protect groundwater.  Protection of groundwater as a natural resource. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments Land Use and Planning LAND-1: The proposed Plan could adversely change the type or intensity of existing or planned land use patterns in the area. LAND-1: To ensure that the intensity of future development would not adversely change the land use patterns or affect the livability of Palo Alto neighborhoods, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Strengthening of residential neighborhoods.  Vitality of commercial areas and public facilities.  High-quality building and site design.  Architectural compatibility of new development.  Compatible infill development.  Avoidance of abrupt changes in the scale of development where residential districts abut more intense uses. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments LAND-2: The proposed Plan would allow development that could be incompatible with adjacent land uses or with the general character of LAND-2: Implement Mitigation Measure LAND-1. In addition, to further reduce potential impacts to visual character and ensure compatibility with adjacent land uses, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following: Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 10 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency the surrounding area, including density and building height.  Use of City procedures, plans, and requirements to ensure high-quality building design and architectural compatibility. LAND-5: The proposed Plan could physically divide an established community. LAND-5: To avoid potential impacts from physically dividing an established community, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Enhanced connections to and from parks, schools, and community facilities for all users.  Safe and convenient pedestrian, bicycle, and transit connections between residential areas and commercial centers.  Cooperation with other agencies to improve circulation connections.  Grade separation of rail crossings. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments Noise NOISE-1: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to cause the average 24-hour noise level (Ldn) to increase by 5.0 decibels (dB) or more in an existing residential area, even if the Ldn would remain below 60 dB. NOISE-1a: To ensure that average 24-hour noise levels associated with long-term operational noise would not increase by 5.0 decibels (dB) or more in an existing residential area, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Location of land uses in areas with compatible noise environments.  Use of the guidelines in the “Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environment” table in the proposed Plan to evaluate the compatibility of proposed land uses with existing noise environments.  Clear guidelines for maximum outdoor noise levels in residential areas.  Adherence to the interior noise requirements of the State of California Building Standards Code (Title 24) and the Noise Insulation Standards (Title 25).  Inclusion of a noise contour map in the proposed Plan. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 11 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency  Reduction of noise impacts of development on adjacent properties.  Evaluation of noise impacts on existing residential, open space, and conservation land.  Requirement for new projects in the Multiple Family, Commercial, Manufacturing, or Planned Community districts to demonstrate compliance with the Noise Ordinance. NOISE-1b: To reduce potential impacts to new land uses from aircraft noise, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Compliance with the airport-related land use compatibility standards for community noise environments.  Prohibition of incompatible land use development within the 60 dBA CNEL noise contours of the Palo Alto airport, as established in the adopted County of Santa Clara Airport Land Use Commission Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) for the Palo Alto Airport. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments NOISE-1c: To reduce potential impacts to new land uses from railway noise, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Minimization of noise spillover from rail-related activities into adjacent residential or noise- sensitive areas.  Building design that reduces impacts from noise and ground borne vibrations associated with rail operations.  Guidelines for interior noise levels. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments NOISE-2: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to cause the Ldn to increase by 3 dB or more in an existing residential area, thereby NOISE-2: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c. See Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 12 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency causing the Ldn in the area to exceed 60 dB. NOISE-3: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to cause an increase of 3 dB or more in an existing residential area where the Ldn currently exceeds 60 dB. NOISE-3: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c. See Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, and NOISE-1c. NOISE-4: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to result in indoor noise levels for residential development to exceed an Ldn of 45 dB. NOISE-4a: Implement Mitigation Measure NOISE-1a. See Mitigation Measure NOISE-1a. NOISE-4b: The Land Use Noise Compatibility Guidelines established in the 1998 Comprehensive Plan shall be maintained. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments NOISE-5: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to expose persons to or generate excessive ground-borne vibration or ground-borne noise levels. NOISE-5a: To ensure that future development would not result in significant construction-related vibration impacts, the proposed Plan shall include policies that limit the hours of construction around sensitive receptors, and require formal, ongoing monitoring and reporting throughout the construction process for larger development projects, as well as the use of pertinent industry standards and City guidelines to avoid significant vibration impacts during construction or operations. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments NOISE-5b: Implement Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c. See Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c. NOISE-6: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to expose people to noise levels in excess of established State standards. NOISE-6: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-4a and NOISE-4b. See Mitigation Measures NOISE-4a and NOISE-4b. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 13 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency NOISE-7: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to result in the exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local General Plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies. NOISE-7: Implement Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, NOISE-1c, NOISE-4a, and NOISE-4b. See Mitigation Measures NOISE-1a, NOISE-1b, NOISE-1c, NOISE-4a, and NOISE-4b. NOISE-8: Implementation of the proposed Plan could result in a potentially substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project. NOISE-8: To ensure that future development would not result in significant impacts to sensitive receptors from construction noise, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Construction noise limits around sensitive receptors.  Monitoring and reporting plans for construction noise levels of larger development projects.  Noise control measures to ensure compliance with the noise ordinance. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments NOISE-11: Implementation of the proposed Plan, in combination with past, present, and reasonably foreseeable projects, may result in significant cumulative impacts with respect to noise. NOISE-11a: Implement Mitigation Measure NOISE- 1c. See Mitigation Measure NOISE-1c. NOISE-11b: To address overall community noise impacts from train noise to the extent such noise is within the City’s control and in excess of established State and/or City standards, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Efforts to develop and implement technological methods to reduce train whistle noise from Caltrain. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 14 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency  Evaluation of at-grade rail crossings as potential Quiet Zones based on Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) rules and guidelines.  Grade separation of rail crossings as a City priority. Public Services and Recreation PS-7: Implementation of the proposed Plan would result in an adverse physical impact from the construction of additional parks and recreation facilities in order to maintain acceptable performance standards. PS-7: To address the potential physical impacts of park construction/improvement, the Comprehensive Plan Update shall include policies that achieve the following:  Evaluation and mitigation of the construction impacts associated with park and recreational facility creation and expansion. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments PS-8: Implementation of the proposed Plan would have the potential to result in substantial cumulative adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered parks and recreational facilities, need for new or physically altered parks and recreation facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios or other performance objectives. PS-8: Implement Mitigation Measure PS-7. See Mitigation Measure PS-7. Transportation and Traffic TRANS-1: Implementation of TRANS-1a: Adopt a programmatic approach to City of Palo Alto Within six City of Palo Alto Confirm program adoption. Once COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 15 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency the project would cause an intersection to drop below its motor vehicle level of service standard, or deteriorate operations at representative intersections that already operate at a substandard level of service. reducing motor vehicle traffic, with the goal of achieving no net increase in peak-hour motor vehicle trips from new development, with an exception for uses that directly contribute to the neighborhood character and diversity of Palo Alto (such as ground- floor retail and below-market-rate housing). The program should, at a minimum, require new development projects above a specific size threshold to prepare and implement a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan to achieve the following reduction in peak-hour motor vehicle trips from the rates included in the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ Trip Generation Manual for the appropriate land use category and size. These reductions are deemed aggressive, yet feasible, for the districts indicated.  45 percent reduction in the Downtown district  35 percent reduction in the California Avenue area  30 percent reduction in the Stanford Research Park  30 percent reduction in the El Camino Real Corridor  20 percent reduction in other areas of the city TDM Plans must be approved by the City and monitored by the property owner or the project proponent on an annual basis. The Plans must contain enforcement mechanisms or penalties that accrue if targets are not met and may achieve reductions by contributing to citywide or employment district shuttles or other proven transportation programs that are not directly under the property owner’s control. PCE Department, Transportation Division (responsible for program adoption) months of proposed Comprehensive Plan adoption PCE Department Project applicants (responsible for TDM plans) Prepare TDM Plan, if required, prior to issuance of occupancy permits. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Property owner or project proponent Review and approve TDM Plans. Monitor enforcement of TDM Plans consistent with Palo Alto Municipal Code Section 18.34.040(d)(4) Once Annually TRANS-1b: Require new development projects to pay a Transportation Impact Fee for all those peak-hour City of Palo Alto PCE Department Ongoing City of Palo Alto PCE Department Verify collection of fees. Ongoing COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 16 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency motor vehicle trips that cannot be reduced via TDM measures. Fees collected would be used for capital improvements aimed at reducing motor vehicle trips and motor vehicle traffic congestion. TRANS-1c: The proposed Plan shall include policies to ensure collaboration with regional agencies and neighboring jurisdictions, and identification and pursuit of funding for rail corridor improvements and grade separation. Policies shall support grade separation of rail crossings along the rail corridor as a City priority, and the undertaking of studies and outreach necessary to advance grade separation of Caltrain to become a “shovel ready” project. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments TRANS-1d: Consistent with State requirements, the City shall adopt a Multimodal Improvement Plan to address impacts to Congestion Management Program facilities. In addition, the proposed Plan shall include policies to engage in regional transportation planning and advocate for specific transit improvements and investments, such as Caltrain service enhancements and grade separations, Dumbarton Express service, enhanced bus service on El Camino Real with queue-jump lanes and curbside platforms, high-occupancy vehicle (HOV)/high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes, and additional VTA bus service. City of Palo Alto PCE Department, Transportation Division (responsible for Multimodal Improvement Plan) See “Monitoring Action” notes regarding Multimodal Improvement Plans. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Three CMP intersections would be affected by this impact. Intersection #8 (El Camino Real at San Antonio Road) is located in Mountain View and Los Altos. The City of Mountain View is currently drafting a Multimodal Improvement Plan that includes this intersection. The City of Palo Alto shall participate in development of this Multimodal Improvement Plan. The other two intersections will not require Multimodal Improvement Plans. Intersection #9 (Foothill Expressway/Junipero Serra Boulevard at Page Mill Road) is grandfathered in with an automobile LOS of F and is therefore exempt from meeting the CMP standard. For Intersection #10 (Foothill Expressway at Arastradero Road), the City shall make a fair share Ongoing COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 17 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency contribution toward a full grade separation project. With the construction of the grade- separation project, this intersection should operate at an acceptable level of service, and no longer require the development of a Multimodal Improvement Plan. The City shall monitor the progress of the grade separation project and confirm with the County and VTA that no Multimodal Improvement Plan is required following its completion. Policy implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments TRANS-1e: The proposed Plan shall include policies to encourage the PAUSD to analyze decisions regarding school assignments to reduce peak-period motor vehicle trips to and from school sites. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Ongoing, as part of regular collaboration and communication with the Palo Alto Unified School District City of Palo Alto PCE Department Confirm communication. Ongoing TRANS-3: Implementation of the project would cause a freeway segment or ramp to drop below its level of service standard, or deteriorate operations that already operate at a substandard level of service. TRANS-3a: The City shall require new development projects to prepare and implement TDM programs, as described in TRANS-1a. TDM programs for worksites may include measures such as private bus services and free shuttle services to transit stations geared towards commuters. See Mitigation Measure TRANS-1a. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM 18 AUGUST 2017 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency TRANS-3b: The proposed Comprehensive Plan shall include policies that advocate for efforts by Caltrans and the Valley Transportation Authority to reduce congestion and improve traffic flow on existing freeway facilities consistent with Statewide GHG emissions reduction initiatives. Policies shall support the application of emerging freeway information, monitoring, and control systems that provide non-intrusive driver assistance and reduce congestion. Policies shall support, where appropriate, the conversion of existing traffic lanes to exclusive bus and high-occupancy vehicle (HOV)/high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes on freeways and expressways, including the Dumbarton Bridge, and the continuation of an HOV lane from Redwood City to San Francisco. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments TRANS-6: Implementation of the project would impede the operation of a transit system as a result of congestion. TRANS-6: The proposed Comprehensive Plan shall include policies collaborate with transit agencies in planning for and implementing convenient, efficient, coordinated, and effective bus service. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments TRANS-8: Implementation of the project would create the potential demand for through traffic to use local residential streets. TRANS-8: The proposed Comprehensive Plan shall include policies to identify specific improvements that can be used to discourage drivers from using local, neighborhood streets to bypass traffic congestion on arterials. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments TRANS-9: Implementation of the project would create an operational safety hazard. TRANS-9: Implement Mitigation Measure TRANS-8. See Mitigation Measure TRANS-8. Utilities and Service Systems UTIL-15: Without the adoption of policies to promote recycling and conservation, the proposed UTIL-15: To ensure that future development would comply with applicable solid waste regulations, the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following: Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FINAL EIR CITY OF PALO ALTO MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM PLACEWORKS 19 Environmental Impact Mitigation Measure Implementation Responsibility Implementation Timing Monitoring Responsibility Monitoring Action Monitoring Frequency Plan could potentially fall out of compliance with federal, State, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste.  Ninety-five percent landfill diversion by 2030, and ultimately zero waste.  Reduced solid waste generation.  Use of reusable, returnable, recyclable, and repairable goods, through enforcement of the 2016 Plastic Foam Ordinance expansion.  Enhanced recycling and composting programs for all waste generators. UTIL-17: The proposed Plan would not result in a substantial increase in natural gas and electrical service demands that would require the new construction of energy supply facilities and distribution infrastructure or capacity enhancing alterations to existing facilities. However, without the adoption of policies in support of energy efficiency and conservation, the proposed Plan would result in a potentially significant impact, requiring mitigation. UTIL-17: To ensure that future development would maximize energy efficiency and conservation the proposed Plan shall include policies that achieve the following:  Maximized conservation and efficient use of energy.  Continued procurement of carbon-neutral energy.  Investment in cost-effective energy efficiency and energy conservation programs.  Provision of public education programs addressing energy conservation and efficiency.  Use of cost-effective energy conservation measures in City projects and practices.  Adherence to State and federal energy efficiency standards and policies.  Consideration of a transition to a carbon-neutral natural gas supply. Implementation is complete with the adoption and implementation of the policies in the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. City of Palo Alto PCE Department Review future Comprehensive Plan policy amendments to ensure that relevant policies are not removed or weakened. Prior to Comprehensive Plan policy amendments Not Yet Approved 170901 jb Lee/Planning/LongRange Resolution No _____ Resolution of the Council of the City of Palo Alto Adopting the City of Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan Update RECITALS A. The City Council is authorized by Title 19 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code and state law to adopt and, from time to time, amend the general plan (known as the Comprehensive Plan in the City of Palo Alto) governing the physical development of the City of Palo Alto. B. In 1998, the City Council adopted the Comprehensive Plan entitled, “Embracing the New Century, Palo Alto 1998-2010 Comprehensive Plan,” which Plan has since been amended by the Council. This Plan is referred to herein as the “1998 Comprehensive Plan”. C. Through an extensive and lengthy public process including the convening of a Citizens Advisory Committee (“CAC”) and numerous public hearings held by the CAC, the Planning and Transportation Commission and the City Council, the City of Palo Alto has prepared that certain comprehensive update to the 1998 Comprehensive Plan entitled “Our Palo Alto 2030,” proposed for approval and adoption by the City Council. D. In accordance with Title 19 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code, all Comprehensive Plan amendment proposals are referred to the Planning and Transportation Commission of the City of Palo Alto for review and recommendation prior to City Council consideration of the amendments. On June 12, 2017, after receiving the CAC recommendation and holding additional public hearings, the City Council identified a preferred planning scenario and forwarded the draft Comprehensive Plan Update to the Planning and Transportation Commission. The draft Comprehensive Plan Update is referred to herein as the “June 30, 2017 Draft of the Comprehensive Plan Update” which reflects the date that the Plan was transmitted to the Planning and Transportation Commission. E. From July 12, 2017 to September 27, 2017, the Planning and Transportation Commission held five public hearings to consider the draft Comprehensive Plan Update, at which interested persons were given the opportunity to appear and present their views with respect to the Comprehensive Plan Update. F. At the conclusion of the final public hearing on September 27, 2017, the Planning and Transportation Commission transmitted its recommendations to the City Council on the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. G. Concurrently with the Planning and Transportation Commission review, City staff prepared a list of minor corrections and clarifications to June 30, 2017 Draft of the Comprehensive Plan Update (the “Errata”). H. An original of the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update is on file in the office of the Director of Planning and Community Environment of the City, with a copy submitted to the City Council for its consideration. Not Yet Approved 170901 jb Lee/Planning/LongRange I. Pursuant to Title 19 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code, public notice was given that on October 23, 2017, at 5:00 p.m. and November 13, 2017, at 6:00 p.m. in the Council Chambers at City Hall, 285 Hamilton Avenue, Palo Alto, California, the Council would hold a public hearing where interested persons could appear, be heard, and present their views with respect to the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. J. The Council held a duly noticed public hearing at the dates and times in Recital I above and gave all persons full opportunity to be heard and to present their views with respect to the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. K. On __________, the Council reviewed, considered and certified that certain Final Environmental Impact Report for the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update by Resolution No. ________, and on ___________, the Council adopted adopted related findings by Resolution No. _________, all in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act. Both actions were taken prior to the Council making its determination on the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. L. The Council is the decision-making body for adoption of the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update. The Council of the City of Palo Alto RESOLVES as follows: SECTION 1. The Public Hearing Draft of the Comprehensive Plan Update dated June 30, 2017 (referred to herein as the “June 30, 2017 Draft of the Comprehensive Plan Update”) is hereby adopted, subject to the modifications set forth in the Errata document, the modifications recommended by the Planning and Transportation Commission, and the additional modifications approved by the Council, all of which modifications are attached hereto and incorporated herein as Exhibit A. [Exhibit A to be prepared upon Council action on the Errata, PTC recommendations, and further Council direction at the plan adoption hearings.] The Council finds and determines that the Final Environmental Impact Report adequately evaluated and provides a sufficient basis to approve the Comprehensive Plan Update including these modifications, and that the modifications, individually and collectively, do not change any of the conclusions of the Final Environmental Impact Report. The Council further finds that the modifications, individually and collectively, do not constitute significant new information under the California Environmental Quality Act (“CEQA”) because such changes and additional information do not indicate that any of the following would result from approval and implementation of the Project: (i) any new significant environmental impact or substantially more severe environmental impact (not already disclosed and evaluated in the DEIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR), (ii) any feasible mitigation measure considerably different from those analyzed in the Draft EIR and Supplement to the Draft EIR that would lessen a significant environmental impact of the Project has been proposed and would not be implemented, or (iii) any feasible alternative considerably different from those analyzed in the DEIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR that would lessen a significant environmental impact Not Yet Approved 170901 jb Lee/Planning/LongRange of the Project has been proposed and would not be implemented. SECTION 2. The Implementation Table attached to the Comprehensive Plan Update restates the programs in the Comprehensive Plan and identifies the lead department or agency, the relative prioritization and planned timeframe, and the anticipated level of resources and effort for their implementation. While the programs are substantive parts of the Comprehensive Plan Update, the other information in the Implementation Table, including the prioritization of the programs are not intended to be incorporated as substantive elements and may be modified by the City Council without a formal amendment to the Comprehensive Plan. SECTION 3. City staff may perform minor, non-substantive edits to the Comprehensive Plan Update without additional Council review. These include such things as formatting, illustrations, and acknowledgements. SECTION 4. This Comprehensive Plan Update supersedes the adopted 1998 Comprehensive Plan, except for the Housing Element of the Comprehensive Plan adopted by the Council in November 2014 (“Housing Element”), which remains in full force and effect and is incorporated into the Comprehensive Plan Update. INTRODUCED AND PASSED: AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTENTIONS: ATTEST: __________________________ _____________________________ City Clerk Mayor APPROVED AS TO FORM: APPROVED: __________________________ _____________________________ Assistant City Attorney City Manager _____________________________ Director of Planning and Community Environment Edwin M. Lee Mayor Francesca Vietor President Anson Moran Vice President Ann Moller Caen Conirmssioner Vince Courtney Commissloner Ike Kwon Commissioner Harlan L Kelly, Jr. General Manager San Francisco Water Sewer Operator of the Hetch Hetchy Regional Water System October 31, 2017 525 Golden Gate Avenue, 13th Floor San Francisco, CA 94102 r 415,554.3155 F 415.554.3161 m 415.554.3488 To: Ms. Elena Lee Department of Planning and Community Environment City of Palo Alto 250 Hamilton Avenue, Fifth Floor Palo Alto, CA 94301 Re: Palo Alto Draft Comprehensive Plan Update Dear Ms. Lee: Thank you for the notice of availability and for this opportunity for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC), to comment on the Palo Alto Draft Comprehensive Plan Update (Plan). Also, thank you for taking the time to explain some aspects of the proposed Plan to SFPUC staff. Background The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission manages 63,000 acres of watershed land and 210 miles of pipeline rights-of-way (ROW) in three Bay Area counties. These are part of the Hetch Hetchy Regional Water System providing water to approximately 2.6 million people. The SFPUC monitors and protects its lands by reviewing proposed projects and activities that may affect SFPUC lands and infrastructure for consistency with SFPUC policies and plans. The City and County of San Francisco (San Francisco), through the SFPUC, operates three active pipelines within the Palo Alto city limits in two 80-foot wide ROVVs: Bay District Pipelines (BDPL) 3 and 4, largely along Foothill Blvd.; and the Palo Alto Pipeline (PAPL), largely along SR 82.The ROW's primary purpose is to serve as utility corridors for water transmission. Draft Comprehensive Plan Update Comments In a telephone conversation with SFPUC staff (Michael Oakes, Land and Resources Planner) you explained that the Plan does not propose any major land use changes. The only designation change proposed is for a site to reflect existing uses (e.g., removing a Hotel overlay). There are no proposed changes to SFPUC ROW or owned properties. There are also no proposed changes to the use of SFPUC fee-owned property or easement. Services of the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission Draft Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan Update — SFPUC Comments Nevertheless, we request that the Final Plan identify the San Francisco Property as a utility ROW that is primarily used for utility purposes and explain that SFPUC lands are vital to the operation of a regional water system. The SFPUC has policies that limit third-party uses and improvements on San Francisco Property. Please see the attached Interim Water Pipeline ROW Use Policy and Integrated Vegetation Management Policy for more information about restrictions on the ROW. The SFPUC would like to underscore that the San Francisco Property may not be used to "...fulfill a development's open space, setback, emergency access or other requirements..."1 This prohibition also includes parking or third-party development requirements. In addition, any proposed use or improvement on the SFPUC ROW must: 1.) comply with current SFPUC policies; 2.) be vetted through the SFPUC's Project Review process (see below for more information); and 3.) be formally authorized by the SFPUC. The Final Comprehensive Plan should include policies that address the importance of regional water utility infrastructure within the Plan area. In addition, the Final Plan should acknowledge that the SFPUC's approval and authorization would be required for any activities on its ROW. SFPUC Real Estate Services (RES) The SFPUC restricts third-party uses on the SFPUC Property due to the presence of high-pressure subsurface water transmission lines under the SFPUC Property. To protect the SFPUC's water infrastructure and operations, which service the City of Palo Alto, the Final Comprehensive Plan should recognize the SFPUC Property. Certain secondary uses by third parties on SFPUC property are allowed under lease or license agreements. Such secondary use may occur if RES, in consultation with the SFPUC enterprise having jurisdiction, determines that such use benefits the SFPUC and if such secondary use does not in any way interfere with, endanger, or damage existing or future SFPUC operations, security, or facilities. The SFPUC prohibits any use that: • provides aerial utility crossing or overhead transmission lines within the SFPUC Property; • cannot be removed promptly, to allow SFPUC construction, maintenance or emergency repairs of its facilities; • fulfills Palo Alto's open space, setback, parking, or third-party development requirements; • makes the SFPUC Property the sole emergency access to a neighboring property; • includes installation of structures, trees or large shrubs on the SFPUC Property; Paqe 2 Draft Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan Update SFPUC Comments includes installation of utilities, roads, fences, or other improvements parallel to, rather than across, SFPUC pipelines or electric transmission lines; includes the SFPUC Property as part of a transit-oriented development plan, dedicated rapid transit lane, or transit corridor; or is inconsistent with any existing or future SFPUC policies, as they may be amended or modified from time to time. This list is not exhaustive. The SFPUC retains the right to disallow any use that, at the SFPUC's sole discretion, may interfere with, endanger or damage existing or future SFPUC operations, security, or facilities. Page 3 SFPUC Project Review Process Proposed projects and other activities on any San Francisco property must undergo the Project Review Process if the project will include: construction; digging or earth moving; clearing: installation; the use of hazardous materials; other disturbance to watershed and ROW resources; or the issuance of new or revised leases, licenses and permits. This review is done by the SFPUC's Project Review Committee (Committee). The Project Review Committee is a multidisciplinary team with expertise in natural resources management, environmental regulatory compliance, engineering, water quality and real estate. Projects and activities are reviewed by the Committee for: 1. Conformity with the Alameda and Peninsula Watershed Management Plans; 2. Consistency with our Environmental Stewardship Policy; Real Estate Guidelines; Interim ROW Use Policy; other policies and best management practices; 3. Compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and environmental regulations including mitigation, monitoring and reporting plans. In reviewing a proposed project, the Project Review Committee may conclude that modifications or avoidance and minimization measures are necessary. Large and/or complex projects may require several project review sessions to review the project at significant planning and design stages. Please notify all property owners and/or developers that, to the extent their proposals will involve the development or use of the San Francisco Property, such proposals are first subject to the SFPUC's Project Review Process. The proposal must first be vetted in Project Review, and then the project sponsor must receive authorization from the SFPUC pursuant to a final executed lease or revocable license before they can use or make any changes to the SFPUC ROW. To initiate the Project Review process, a project sponsor must download and fill out a Project Review application at http://www.sfwater.org/ProjectReview. Please address completed applications and any Draft Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan Update — SFPUC Comments questions to Michael Oakes, Land and Resources Planner, in the SFPUC's Natural Resources and Lands Management Division at moakessfwater.org. Page 4 Sincerely, .. k,t) JtsulA--Li oanne Wilson Senior Land and Resources Planner Natural Resources and Lands Management Division / Water Enterprise San Francisco Public Utilities Commission 1657 Rollins Rd. Burlingame, CA 94010 Attachments: 1.) SFPUC Interim Water Pipeline ROW Use Policy 2.) ROW Integrated Vegetation Management Policy C: Rosanna Russell, SFPUC Real Estate Services Director ' SFPUC Guidelines for the Real Estate Services Division, Section 2.0. City of Palo Alto | City Clerk's Office | 11/1/2017 12:50 PM 1 Carnahan, David From:Mj Wolf <mimi.wolf@gmail.com> Sent:Tuesday, October 31, 2017 9:48 AM To:Council, City; lchiapella@juno.com Subject:Re: comp plan update Thank you! On Mon, Oct 30, 2017 at 12:09 AM lchiapella@juno.com <lchiapella@juno.com> wrote: Dear City Council: It is difficult to understand the proposed comp plan update without considering Stanford's GUP. These are two different plans that drastically impact Palo Alto. Who is coordinating these plans? How are the combined impacts being addressed? Who pays for the parking problems, traffic congestion, and housing shortage? Sincerely, Lynn Chiapella -- M. Wolf 650.245.6434 “It seems to me that the good lord in his Infinite wisdom gave us three things to make life bearable- hope, jokes, and dogs. But the greatest of these was dogs.” ---Robyn Davidson City of Palo Alto | City Clerk's Office | 11/1/2017 12:50 PM 2 Carnahan, David From:amy sung <amyconnect@gmail.com> Sent:Monday, October 30, 2017 7:02 PM To:Council, City Cc:Kniss, Liz (internal); DuBois, Tom; Filseth, Eric (Internal); Fine, Adrian; Holman, Karen; Kou, Lydia; Scharff, Gregory (internal); Tanaka, Greg; Wolbach, Cory; Amy Sung Subject:Letter to Council to certify EIR Report and adopt the Comp Plan as presented Dear Palo Alto City Council, I am writing to you as a homeowner, a resident of Palo Alto, and a community volunteer to urge you to adopt the Comprehensive Plan as presented before you tonight. The Palo Alto Comprehensive Plan – or “Comp Plan, as it’s commonly known -- has been decades in the making and is long overdue. Through numerous iterations, The Citizen’s Action Committee (CAC) began its work in May 2015, painstakingly conducted monthly committee and subcommittee meetings to examine and rework the Plan- Elements by Elements, Goals by Goals, Polices by Polices, Programs by Programs, and down to the language dissected and evaluated until the body of 25 members could agree on. In areas where agreements could not be reached, options were documented to capture the core arguments. The result is a product of vigorous discussions and passionate debates under open and transparent processes governed by the Brown’s Act, moderated by co-chairs of Dan Garber and Arthur Keller, and delivered by a diverse group of involved residents- architects, economist, retired CEOs, Realtors, engineers, neighborhood presidents, plus liaisons from PAUSD, Stanford, and PTC, and devoted staff and many more. Two years later, before you tonight is that product, A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN draft. It’s a GOOD plan, not perfect, but that’s just a characteristic of democracy; give and take and compromise. It’s the Plan that will guide our city into the future until 2030. I urge you to adopt the plan because we have work to do. Urgently. But those tasks can not be done until the Plan is approved and certified by this body. You are all being elected to this body because you want to do something for this community. The community has asked clearly and loudly that the number one concern in our city is HOUSING. Today, you can act on your campaign promises and your intention of wanting to do something by approving this Plan. Again, I urge the Council to tackle urging tasks of Housing and Transportation. And if I could boldly suggest, the two sides of a coin will now be: H (head) is for Housing and T (tail) is for Transportation. Furthermore, housing should be a solution of our traffic calming. HOUSING, HOUSING, HOUSING. It’s a cry for help that the current home affordability is 29% statewide. It’s saying that two out of three cannot afford to buy a home at median price. Housing crisis is real and hurting not just the economically disadvantaged but across ALL INCOME spectrum. Our infill development is the best way to combat GHG and prevent urban sprawl while preserving and creating green space. How we can accomplish that is to pierce through the height limit of 50 feet in selected areas such as University Ave in downtown area, Fry’s site, and CAL Ave through Comprehensive Area Plans. We need to craft a zoning plan to achieve ALL levels of affordability with an accountable density bonus matrix. TRANSPORTATION. Placing housing where the transit hubs are is no different than having neighborhood schools to which students walk and bike. Palo alto is: - the second largest Caltrain trip stops after San Francisco, - the steady increase in high school bike counts, City of Palo Alto | City Clerk's Office | 11/1/2017 12:50 PM 3 - and since 2000, Palo Alto has a higher percentage of residents who walk or bike to work than the County, State, or nation. - Palo Alto also saw drive to work alone shrunk from by 10% from 75% to 65% since 2000. Therefore, Construct housing at where it is needed and wanted together with the TDM and TMA is the logical next step to further calm the traffic. In closing, I want to circle back to the call in the Summit 2015 under the leadership of the then Mayor Karen Holman, and here I quote- “What is the Future for Palo Alto?” it went on to say that “The Pressures of regional growth and change mean that doing nothing—that is, not updating the current Comprehensive Plan—is simply not an option. So the time to act is now. You have before you a PLAN ready to be adopted and then focus attention towards implementation. Thanks you for your time and deliberations, Amy Sung Walter Hays Dr, Palo Alto Responses to Comments Received October 30, 2017 Regarding the Comprehensive Plan EIR* *Please see the video from October 30, 2017 for the full content of comments paraphrased here. Responses supplement those already provided in the Final EIR and prior staff reports. Page 1 Comment 1: Where can I find the specific contribution of our City to regional air pollution? (Councilmember Holman) Response 1: Please see Supplement to the Draft EIR p. 4.2-16. Table 4.2-8 quantifies emissions of criteria air pollutants from EIR scenarios 1-6. Emissions associated with the preferred scenario described in the Final EIR would fall within this range. Comment 2: The plan and EIR should address noise from flight operations at Palo Alto Airport as well as exposure of Palo Alto residents to airplane noise generally. (Ms. Porter) Response 2: Flight operations at Palo Alto Airport are addressed in the Comprehensive Plan. Specifically, Policy L-10.1 is a new policy that would “[o]perate Palo Alto Airport (PAO)… at its current level of operation” and states that “PAO should remain limited to a single runway and minor expansion shall only be allowed in order to meet federal and State design and safety standards.” Policy L-10.3 is an additional new policy to “[m]inimize the environmental impacts associated with PAO operations, including…noise” and is supported by new Program L10.3.1 to establish and implement a system for processing, tracking, and reporting noise complaints regarding local airport operations on an annual basis.” Potential impacts from PAO flight operations are assessed in Section 4.10 of the Draft EIR and the Supplement to the Draft EIR (see p. 4.10-32 of the Draft EIR and p. 4.10-6 of the Supplement to the Draft EIR). The analysis determined that noticeable increases in noise from flight operations at the airport are not anticipated by 2030, but there could be a problem if sensitive land uses locate too close to the airport. This resulted in mitigation (Mitigation Measure Noise 1b), which has been included in the Draft Comprehensive Plan Update within Policy N-6.1. Noise exposure associated with flight operations from San Francisco and San Jose Airports are not directly relevant in the CEQA context for the proposed Comp Plan Update, however they are important policy issues and are addressed in Policies N-6.12 and L-10.3 in the June 30, 2017 Draft Comprehensive Plan Update. Comment 3: The Notice of Preparation (NOP) was issued too long ago for that to serve as the baseline of the EIR. (Ms. Keehn) Response 4: As indicated in Chapter 5 of the Final EIR (Master Response 2), use of the date the NOP was published is a standard practice and based on the State CEQA Guidelines (Section 15125(a)). Also, as indicated in Master Response 2 and the response to Mr. Ross’s comments from October 23, 2017, the EIR includes a robust cumulative analysis based on regional projections that are large enough to encompass more recent development proposals in surrounding jurisdictions. Comment 5: Mitigation Measure Hydro2 should address groundwater impacts on adjacent structures. (Ms. Nigenda) Response 5: As indicated in the response to Ms. Proctor and Ms. Vrhel from October 23, 2017, language about impacts to adjacent structures was removed from the EIR mitigation measure because of the CEQA significance threshold being used, which considers whether the project would "substantially degrade or deplete ground water resources or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level." Nonetheless, this language remains in Comp Plan Policy L-3.5: “Avoid negative impacts of basement Responses to Comments Received October 30, 2017 Regarding the Comprehensive Plan EIR* *Please see the video from October 30, 2017 for the full content of comments paraphrased here. Responses supplement those already provided in the Final EIR and prior staff reports. Page 2 construction for single-family homes on adjacent properties, public resources and the natural environment.” In other words, the CEQA threshold in question is focused on impacts to groundwater depletion rather than damage to adjacent properties, so the mitigation language has been refined accordingly. However, damage to private properties is an important issue in Palo Alto and would be addressed in a new Comp Plan policy going forward. Comment 6: There are more desirable alternatives that have not been studied in the EIR. For example, we could have studied alternatives with less or no non-residential development. (Mr. Levinsky) Response 6: The EIR evaluated a reasonable range of alternatives, including alternatives with less job growth than the preferred scenario. In this way, the EIR has meet the requirements of the law. In addition, the Supplement to the Draft EIR Appendix H included a hypothetical “no growth” scenario in which no new jobs or residents located in Palo Alto by the year 2030. This analysis showed that even with no growth in Palo Alto, traffic conditions are expected to worsen and is referenced several times in the Supplement to the Draft EIR (see p. 4.13-17 about intersection Level of Service for example). Comment 7: Traffic impacts of the plan are unacceptable. (Mr. Ng) Response 7: See response to Comment 6 above. Traffic conditions are expected to deteriorate due to growth elsewhere in the region no matter what happens in Palo Alto. Also, results of the analysis of Scenario 1 in the EIR indicate that conditions would be worse if the City continued to operate under the current Comprehensive Plan rather than adopting the update currently proposed. This is because the update and Preferred Scenario contain enhanced office/R&D growth limits and a new emphasis on housing rather than non-residential growth.