HomeMy WebLinkAbout2004-05-24 City CouncilCity of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Repor
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM: CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: POLICE
DATE:MAY 24, 2004 CMR:284:04
SUBJECT:SUMMARY OF THE MOUNTAIN LION INCIDENT
This is an informational repol~ and no Council action is required.
BACKGROUND
Early in the morning of May 17, 2004, there were several sightings of a mountain lion in the
residential area around Rinconada Park. After searching for the lion for about seven hours,
the lion was obsela~ed jumping over a fence on Walter Hayes. About an hour later, the lion
was located up in a tree a short distance away. In the interest of public safety, the lion was
shot and killed. Since then, there has been a significant amount of misinformation,
speculation and rm-nors that have resulted in hundreds of people contacting the City and the
Police Department. The purpose of this report is to provide the Council with an accurate and
detailed account of the incident, the chain of events, the resources the Police Department
consulted, and the rationale that lead to the shooting of the lion.
DISCUSSION
On Monday, May 17, 2004, at 4:45 a.m. the Police Department received the first call from a
newspaper delivery person reporting a mountain lion in the 500 block of Coleridge Avenue.
The lion was hiding in the bushes. After attempting to deterrnine the validity of the call,
officers initiated a yard-to-yard search. At 5:40 a.m., two residents reported seeing a
mountain lion in the area of Cedar and Parkinson. It was seen running down the street. In
light of the fact that there were two very recent mountain lion attacks on horses in the lower
foothills and due to the fact that a predawn sighting of a mountain lion in a highly populated
residential neighborhood is extremely rare, there was great concern for the health and safety
CMR:284:04 Page 1 of 7
of the community. A field command post was established in the parking lot of the Arts
Center on Newell Road and the Incident Command Systern (ICS) was activated to
coordinate command and control of the incident. The on-duty police lieutenant assumed the
roll of Incident Commander and began making requests for assistance and appropriate
notifications. At this time of the morning, Palo Alto Police staff numbered only five
officers, a sergeant and lieutenant.
Contact was made with the on-duty Fire Department Battalion Chief, Palo Alto Animal
Services staff, and California State Fish and Game (CSFG) personnel (Attachment A).
CSFG has only 19 staff that cover a six county area and on the morning of the event, it only
had three staff members on duty. Therefore, after notification, it informed staff that due to
lack of staffing resources, it would not be able to respond. However, continual consultation
with CSFG via telephone occun’ed during the course of the day. Assistance was also
requested and provided by Mountain View, East Palo Alto, and Menlo Park Police
Departments and Stanford Department of Public Safety. By 6:00 a.m., requests for
assistance had also been made to Palo Alto Open Space staff and Santa Clara County
Department of Environmental Health Vector Control, which responds to calls about
wildlife, rodents, and mosquitoes. The California Highway Patrol’s fixed wing aircraft
responded to assist in the search, but due to the tree canopy, its efforts were futile. The
City’s Naturalist and a representative from Vector Control responded to the command post
to assist.
At 7:40 a.m., a resident reported seeing a mountain lion in the 800 block of Whitclen~ Drive
in the south end of town. Palo Alto Animal Control Officers responded to this call but
found no signs of a mountain lion. This was the only reported sighting of a mountain lion in
the south end of town and as such cannot be confirmed.
Because staff knew that schools in the area would open soon, the Associate Superintendent
of the Palo Alto Unified School District was contacted and advised of the situation. Police
officers called the following schools to notify them of the situation:
¯Addison School
¯Walter Hayes School
¯Palo Alto High School
¯Gunn High School
¯Duveneck School
¯Saint Elizabeth Seton School
¯International School
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Staffs primary concern in the earl?, morning hours was the safe passage for children
walking and riding to school. Staff took up fixed posts at key locations near the schools,
watching for any si~o-ns of the mountain lion.
To better understand the potential danger of a possible mountain lion attack and the scope of
the problem facing the COlnmunity, staff relied heavily on wild animal experts for
information on mountain lion behavior. Staff learned mountain lions are the largest native
North American cat except for the slightly bigger jaguar. The cats are known by a number
of different names including cougar, panther, painter, catamount and puma. They are
primarily nocturnal, shy, elusive and solitary, except during the breeding season and when
young are traveling with their mother. They are agile tree climbers and are very fast anilnals
over a shoat distance, but because of a relatively small lung capacity, cannot run ~eat
distances. They are able to jump a six to eight foot fence in one bound. They prefer to hunt
at night and deer are their favorite prey but they have been known to prey on other small
naammals such as rabbits, skunks, domestic livestock, and pets. Larger animals are usually
killed by a bite to the back of the neck. Adult male home ranges often encompass more than
100 square miles. Females usually occupy ranges from 20 to 60 square miles. The mother
raises her young alone and trains them to hunt. The young stay with her 18 to 24 months
then disperse to find their own home areas.
As mountain lions compete for space with the human population that is rapidly increasing
and as housing developments have encroached on traditional lion habitat, the number of
attacks on human beings has increased. Infornaation obtained from captured lnountain lions
reveals that the lions seem especially drawn to children, most likely because they act like
prey. A mountain lion is nornaally a quick, quiet and efficient killer. A person within 20
yards of the mountain lion is considered to be within attack range. They drop silently, have
the ability to spring 15 feet vertically and leap 45 feet horizontally.
The mountain lion is classified as a specially protected mammal in California. The
California Department of Fish and Game may remove or take any mountain lion or
authorize an appropriate local agency with public safety responsibility to relnove or take any
mountain lion that is perceived to be an imminent threat to public health or safety.
Staff consulted the wildlife experts from the respective agencies about the alternatives to
subduing and capturing mountain lions. Additionally, contact was made with the Interim
Police Chief in Morgan Hill to determine how it recently handled three mountain lion
sightings in that city. One option that was explored was of the use of a tranquilizing agent.
Staff learned chemica! immobilization is used for capture purposes under only very
CMR:284:04 Page 3 of 7
controlled circumstances and that many factors must be considered before even attempting
to tranquilize a mountain lion. Unlike what is frequently portrayed on television, the effect
of tranquilizers on mountain lions differs from animal to animal. In most cases, it takes
anywhere from 20 to 30 minutes for the chemical to take effect. During that time, the
animal may become agitated and is usually mobile and has the ability to jump fences and
cover significant distances. In some cases, the tranquilizer has no effect. In Morgan Hill, it
took six shots of tranquilizers to subdue the lion.
Staff learned that when darting a free range animal, a rifle or pistol is the best weapon to
use. The choice of dlnag and appropriate dosage is the next consideration. Although dosage
is based upon weight, other factors such as physical health and level of stress contribute to
the success or failure of the anesthetic. There will be occasions when the initial anesthetic
agent does not provide adequate immobilization or when the effect of the anesthetic agent
begins to wane before the lion is able to be captured. In these cases, there is heightened
danger for all individuals in the area. Oftentimes the darted animal is startled and
immediately takes off running. It is impossible to predict where an animal will run or what
behavior it will demonstrate. As the drug starts to take effect, the animal i-nay become
confused and more defensive as it feels itself loose control.
At 12:10 p.m., a third sighting of a lion was reported jumping over the fence at 941 Newell
Road. Staff again contacted the schools in the area and requested the children be kept inside
during their lunch period. A yard-to-yard search was conducted in the 900 block of Newell
Road. At that time, staff initiated the process of activating the City’s community alert
system.
Before the system could actually be activated, however, a fourth sighting was reported at
12:40 p.m. in the 200 block of Walter Hayes. At 1:05 p.m., the lion was located asleep in a
tree at Walter Hayes Drive and Walnut. Officers observed the lion and a request was made
by the officer to shoot it. At that time, a considerable number of news media and residents
were in the immediate area. While an officer present at the scene was in possession of a
tranquilizer gun, based upon the information noted above that attempting to tranquilize the
animal could create an even more dangerous situation for the public, the order was given by
the ranking supervisor to shoot the mountain lion with a lethal round. V~rhile the lion was
not ready to attack as has been reported by some newspapers, this action was taken due to
the mountain lion’s inherent threat to the community by being in a heavily populated
residential area. Because the mountain lion was in a tree about 15 feet above the ~ound, a
very safe trajectory of fire existed, up and away from surrounding homes and bystanders.
The weapon used by the officer was an AR-15 rifle equipped with an advanced sighting
system. This rifle uses a .223 caliber frangible round that breaks up upon impact and is less
CMR:284:04 Page 4 of 7
likely to continue past its target after impact. By selecting this rifle, staff was able to use
the most effective weapon to take the safest, most accurate shot given the circumstances. At
1:06 p.m., a single shot was fired and the mountain lion fell out of the tree. It ran about 40
feet, fell over and was pronounced dead at 1:07 p.m. No other shots were fired and no
injuries or damage to property was reported.
Santa Clara County Vector Control and Palo Alto Animal Services took custody of the
animal and transported it to CSFG facilities where a necropsy was conducted. The results of
the necropsy revealed that the lion was a 99 pound male, tl~’ee years old, slightly
underweight with an empty stomach. There was no indication of rabies and tests are
continuing for other diseases. The bullet hit both lungs and the heart. The lion’s ability to
travel any distance after being shot was most probably the result of a high level of adrenalin
in his system. According to the veterinarian who conducted the necropsy, the location of
the shot resulted in the most humane death. While it is unfortunate that this protected
animal had to be killed, it is important to emphasize that police staff did not make the
decision lightly as some have suggested and not without first obtaining a considerable
amount of information of what would be in the best interest of the members of the
community.
Since the incident, a number of additional questions have been asked including the
following:
Why wasn’t more time allowed to elapse before shooting the lion since it was sleeping
and up in a tree?
Because the entire operation had taken nearly eight hours before reaching a point where the
lion was actually located and some action could be taken, staff did not want to take the
chance of allowing the lion to escape again or worse, attack a person on the ~ound. As
noted above, an attempt to shoot a moving lion that was on the ~’ound would have
si~aificantly jeopardized the safety of everyone in the vicinity.
Why wasn’t the community alerting system activated to warn residents?
At the time of the initial two sightings, due to the few number of officers on duty, the focus
was on getting additional police units in the area. After the third sighting, the focus shifted
to notification of the schools. The arrival of the news media resulted in staff responding to
their requests for information. With all the associated activity, staff did not think of
activating it until right around the time of the third sighting.
CMR:284:04 Page 5 of 7
Are there any more mountain lions in the area?
Since the shooting of the lion, there has only be one unsubstantiated sighting of a mountain
lion in the 4200 block of McCellar. There have not been any other reports.
How was the lion able to travel from the foothills to the residential areas undetected?
Staff theorizes that the lion traveled down San Francisquito Creek bed from the foothills.
How will the Police Department respond in the event of another sighting or incident?
If there are reports of any additional sightings and after officers are able to determine that
the report is credible, a search of the area will be conducted. Residents in the area will be
notified via the community alerting system. Neighborhoods where an email list-serve exists
will be contacted in order to get the word out via the Internet. If another mountain lion is
located, after weighing all the factors, staff will take the action that is in the best interest of
the safety of the cormrmnity. The Police Department will always put the safety of humans
first.
Staff will be meeting with CSFG to learn any additional information and to finalize plans
for the ft~ture should this or a similar event occur.
Attachment A: Chronological Summary
PREPARED BY:
DEPARTMENT HEAD:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
~
Police Cap~t~!n, Field ~erv~s Division
LYNNE JO~tNSON
Police Chief
Assistant City Manager
CMR:284:04 Page 6 of 7
ATTACHMENT A
SUMMARY TIMELINE OF EVENTS
4:45 a.m.
5:40 a.m.
First sighting of mountain lion (500 block Coleridge).
Second sighting of mountain lion (Parkinson & Cedar; L/S towards
Newell). Palo Alto Fire Battalion Chief notified via
communications. Palo Alto Animal Selwices, State Fish & Game
notified.
Police units begin yard-to-yard search in area of last sighting.6:30 a.m.Completed @ 7:45 a.m.
Police Detective makes personal contact with all three affected
6:45 a.m.local schools in the area. (Duveneck Elementary, Jordan Middle
School and St. Elizabeth Seton’s private school)
6:46 a.m.CHP fixed-wing air unit scanned the area with negative results.
7:00 a.m.
7:40 a.m.
11:00 a.m.
12:10 p.m.
12:11 p.m.
12:22 p.m.
12:40 p.m.
1:05 p.m.
1:06 p.m.
1:07 p.m-
Afternoon Police shifts were called in and requested to arrive @ CP
no later than 11:00 a.m. (some resources arrived earlier).
Mountain lion sighting reported in the 300 block of Whitclem Drive
in South Palo Alto.
Transition of operational periods. Many First Operational Period
personnel (Graveyard) released from the scene and cleared to go
off-duty. Second Operational period begins command, perimeter
and search.
Third sighting of mountain lion (941 Newelt Road).
All three schools in area directed to be in "lockdown" mode during
lunch period.
Yard-to-yard search continues (Newell Road and Walter Hayes).
Fourth sighting of mountain lion (291 Walter Hayes Drive).
Police officer advises the mountain lion has been located.
(Walnut Drive @ Walter Hayes).
Request via radio for confirnaation from CP to dispatch the animal.
Request confirmed. Animal dispatched.
Police supe~a~isor confirms mountain lion has been killed.