HomeMy WebLinkAbout2004-03-23 City CouncilCity of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
ATTENTION: FINANCE COMMITTEE
FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: PUBLIC WORKS
DATE:MARCH 23, 2004 CMR:193:04
SUBJECT:STORM DRAIN FUNDING ALTERNATIVES
REPORT IN BRIEF
Council approved a monthly Storm Drainage Fee in 1989 tc~ fund the City’s storm drain
program. The fee, $4.25 per month for a single-family residential parcel, has not been
increased since 1994 and is insufficient to cover the program’s operating costs. The
General Fund is currently providing $800,000 in supplemental funding to maintain a
baseline level of service for storm drain maintenance and storm water quality protection.
There is no funding for storm drain capital improvements, despite a backlog of capital
needs. Staff has analyzed alternative fimding mechanisms and levels of service to devise
an optimal storm drain program by selecting a downsized list of capital projects and
operational upgrades that could be funded with a moderately sized fee increase.
Staff believes that all of the capital improvements recommended in the 1993 Storm Drain
Condition Assessment and Master Plan studies (CH2M Hill Engineers) eventually need to
be addressed, but has concluded that funding will likely become available only on an
incremental basis. As a resnlt, staff has reviewed the identified capital needs and
designated the most critical elements for initial implementation. The proposed list of
improvements includes citywide storm drain system rehabilitation and curb and gutter
replacement projects as well as area-specific projects to correct the worst drainage system
capacity deficiencies.
Staff recommends that the Committee consider an alternative to fund the proposed
enhanced storm drain program through a combination of a moderate increase in the
Storm Drainage Fee, increased funding from the General Fund, and cost savings from a
reduction in the annual sidewalk replacement program and give conceptual approval and
direction to staff, but defer any final decision on the issue until after the final impacts of
State budget actions on FY 2004/05 are determined.
CMR:193:04 Page 1 of 11
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the Finance Committee recommend that Council:
1. Endorse an enhanced storm drain program consisting of the following elements:
a. Continuation of the existing baseline level of service
b. Additional annual funding of $500,000 for system repair and rehabilitation
c. Additional annual funding of $250,000 for curb and gutter repairs
d. Additional annual funding of $1 million for storm drain capital
improvements (capacity upgrades)
Provide $1 million annually from the General Fund for the storm drain program
($500,000 of this funding would be generated through an equal reduction in
annual funding for sidewalk replacement).
o Direct staff to pursue property owner approval of an increase in the monthly Storm
Drainage Fee to $7.50 per Equivalent Residential Unit (ERU) to fund the
enhanced storm drain program. It is also recommended that the ballot measure
include a sunset clause that requires reauthorization of the rate increase by a
majority of property owners upon completion of the identified capital
improvements and a provision for an independent oversight body to review and
report on annual storm drain expenditures.
4.Postpone a final decision on storm drain funding until after the State of California
has adopted its FY 04-05 budget.
BACKGROUND
The City’s storm drain capital improvement, maintenance and water quality protection
programs are funded through the Storm Drainage Fund, an enterprise fund established by
Council in 1989. Revenue is generated by a Storm Drainage Fee, which is collected
through monthly City utility bills. The fee, $4.25 per month for a single-family
residential parcel, has not been increased since 1994 and is insufficient to cover the
program’s operating costs. For the current year, the General Fund is providing $800,000
in supplemental funding to maintain a baseline level of service for storm drain
maintenance and storm water quality protection. There is no funding provided for storm
drain capital improvements, despite a backlog of capital needs.
The Storm Drainage Fee is a property-related fee subject to the provisions of Proposition
218, requiting a majority of property owners to approve a fee increase. The City
conducted a property owner election in September 2000, seeking approval to increase the
Storm Drainage Fee from its current level of $4.25 per month up to $9.00 per month tO
cover needed storm drain improvements. The ballot measure was unsuccessful.
CMR:193:04 Page 2 of 11
On March 18, 2002, Council approved staff’s recommended conceptual strategy for
identifying a funding mechanism for future storm drain improvements, including the
appointment by the City Manager of a Blue Ribbon Storm Drain Committee to review
storm drain funding needs. The Committee of fifteen residents, business representatives,
and community leaders had its first meeting on May 3, 2002 and met 15 times for a total
of 37 hours.
The Committee presented its findings to Council at a study session on November 12,
2002. The Committee formulated recommendations addressing future storm drain
program elements and funding. The recommended storm drain program included
augmented maintenance practices, a specific set of prioritized capital improvements, and
expanded storm water quality protection activities. The Committee recommended
funding the storm drain program on a pay-as-you-go basis by increasing the Storm
Drainage Fee to $13.90 per month. The Committee also addressed fee sunset provisions,
the creation ot: an oversight committee, and other policy issues related to the City’s storm
drain program.
Two members of the Cormmittee, Richard Alexander and Elizabeth Dahlen, issued
minority reports documenting their differences of opinion with the consensus-based
Committee report. The two minority report authors expressed opposition to the concept
of a separate fee-based storm drain utility, instead advocating that the storm drain
program be funded through the General Fund. They requested information on how other
local jurisdictions fund their storm drain programs. Attachment A is a summary of storm
drain funding mechanisms used by nearby cities. They also questioned the cost of the
proposed capital improvements as compared to the benefit that they would provide and
requested that staff conduct a benefit/cost analysis in order to justify the drainage
improvements. While is has not been possible to conduct a classic quantitative analysis,
staff has identified several qualitative negative consequences if the recommended
drainage improvements are not implemented. Potential impacts include continued risk of
public health and safety issues and flood damage to private property caused by storm
drain system back-ups, accelerated pavement deterioration, and an increased backlog of
pipeline and curb and gutter repairs due to continued deterioration of existing storm drain
infrastructure. Staff has estimated the potential financial costs of some of these impacts
in order to provide Council with a sense of the economic consequences of not
implementing the recommended drainage improvements (Attachment B). It is not
possible to quantify the non monetary costs of the public health and safety issues. ¯ The
emotional cost to residents and homeowners over potential damage to their families and
property has already been a major impact on this community and continues to arise
during every heavy rainfall.
Lastly, the Committee dissenters argued that eliminating the flood risk from San
Francisquito Creek should be a higher priority than improving storm drains, and noted
CMR:193:04 Page 3 of 11
that the proposed drainage improvements would not solve the creek flooding issue. Staff
acknowledges that San Francisquito Creek flooding is a critical issue for the community
and continues to work closely with the San Francisquito Creek Joint Powers Authority
and its member agencies towards developing a comprehensive flood control project for
the creek. It should be noted that significant technical and political progress has been
made over the past two years towards the ultimate flood control solution for San
Francisquito Creek by virtue of the federal approval of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
participation in the studies. While staff has always made it very clear that the
recommended drainage improvements will not prevent creek flooding, staff advocates
proceeding with the implementation of the storm drain improvements concurrently with
creek improvements since the two systems are complementary components of the overall
drainage system serving the community. In particular, the upgrades to the storm drains
and pump stations will provide a si~,~dficant backup capacity in quickly removing any
creek flooding waters that may occur.
In light of the state of the City budget, the City Manager decided to suspend active
discussion of storm drain funding in February 2003. Future consideration of the issue
was deferred to the Finance Committee budget deliberations "during Spring 2003 in order
that storm drain needs could be reviewed in the larger context of the City budget and the
multiple financial challenges facing the City. During the hearings for the FY 2003-05
budget, Finance Committee members directed staff to reexamine the alternatives, for
future funding of the City’s storm drain program and to return to Council with an update.
Staff has been analyzing alternative funding mechanisms and levels of service in order to
devise an optimal storm drain program. The goal has been to select a downsized list of
capital projects and operational upgrades that could be funded with a moderately sized
fee increase. Staff has reviewed the complete list of capital improvements recommended
by the Storm Drain Committee and has identified the most critical projects. Based on
analysis of the available options, staff has developed a set of alternative levels of service
and funding schemes for the Finance Committee to review.
DISCUSSION
Proposed Storm Drain Progam Level of Service Enhancements
Staff is proposing a series of incremental enhancements to the existing storm dram
program level of service. Each of the enhancements is discussed below, with a
description of associated cost and benefits, both in terms of total annual expenditures and
the rate increase required to fund the enhancements under the existing Storm Drainage
Fee rate structure. Under the existing rate structure, each $500,000 in annual
expenditures equates to a fee of $1.00 per month for single-family residential customers.
CMR:193:04 Page 4 of I1
Wastewater Treatment Fund is providing $100,000 annually for storm water quality
protection activities conducted by Public Works Environmental Compliance staff. Based
on the current rate schedule, the Storm Drainage Fee would need to be increased by $1.75
per month per Equivalent Residential Unit (ERU) (to a revised monthly rate of $6.00) to
fully fund the storm drain program’s existing baseline level of service.
Operational Changes to Baseline Level of Service
Although. the storm drain program could certainly benefit from increased funding for
maintenance activities, no additional maintenance funding is requested at this time. The
existing maintenance staffing of 5.9 FTE (consisting of a half-time supervisor, an
electrician, and a full-time two-person field crew, supplemented with part-time assistance
from other Public Works Operations staff during annual catch basin cleaning in the fall
and emergency response during the rainy season) is adequate to keep the storm drain
system functioning. Additional funding could enable the staff to undertake a more
proactive maintenance approach, including periodic video inspection of underground
pipelines, enhanced capability to make in-house pipeline and curb and gutter repairs, and
implementation of a program to replace infrastructure and equipment on a scheduled
basis before it wears out. The need for increased maintenailce funding should be noted
and scheduled for reconsideration at a later date.
Storm Drain Capital Improvements
No new funding for storm drain capital improvements has been available for several
years. The Storm Drain Master Plan and Storm Drain Condition Assessment studies,
conducted in 1993, identified a backlog of $60 million (1993 dollars) in capital needs to
replace deteriorated infrastructure and augment inadequate drainage capacity throughout
the City. In the 2000 property owner election, staff sought funding for the highest
priority capital improvements from the two studies, a set of projects totaling $48 million
(2000 dollars). The Storm Drain Committee reviewed the Master Plan and Condition
Assessment recommendations and endorsed a further reduction in the scope of the
improvements down to a $42 million (2002 dollars) set of projects.
Staff believes that all of the storm drain capital improvements recommended in the two
studies eventually need to be addressed, but has concluded that funding will likely
become available only on an incremental basis. As a result, staff has reviewed the
identified capital needs and designated the most critical elements for initial
implementation. The proposed list of projects can be separated into two categories:
citywide and area-specific.
Ci _tywide Storm Drain Capital Improvements
The first type of citywide storm drain improvements are system rehabilitation and
replacement projects. The 1993 Storm Drain Condition Assessment identified over $5
million in deteriorated storm drain pipelines, manholes, and catch basins in the City’s
CMR: 193:04 Page 5 of 11
storm drain system. Since that study was conducted, the storm drain infrastructure has
aged an additional ten years and has continued to degrade. In particular, staffhas become
aware that there are a large number of corrugated metal pipelines throughout the City that
are in much worse condition than originally diagnosed. Many of these pipelines are
partially rusted away and are subject to complete failure. Should a pipe collapse, it can
potentially cause the street above to sink and impact adjacent utility lines in addition to
causing localized flooding. The Storm Drain Committee ranked system rehabilitation
and replacement as a high priority for funding. Staff recommends that $500,000 per year
be allocated towards storm drain rehabilitation and replacement, equating to a monthly
Storm Drain Fee increase of $1.00.
Another citywide drainage system infrastructure need is curb and gntter repairs. Curb
and gutter is an integral part of the City’s storm drain system. Runoff from streets and
adjacent developed land is collected and conveyed to storm drain catch basins via the
network of curbs and gutters. The effectiveness of gutters is highly dependent upon their
slope. Gutters must slope continuously downhill in order to convey storm runoff without
ponding. This is particularly critical in Palo Alto with its relatively flat natural
topography. There are many sections of curb and gutter throughout the City that do not
drain well due to settlement or uplift. Ponded water collects in gutters and spreads into
the adjacent street when it is trapped in localized low spots or dammed by high points in
the gutter prone. Gutters typically settle due to water penetration into the underlying
base material combined with heavy loading from vehicles. Uplift occurs most commonly
when shallow roots from adjacent street trees heave the concrete gutters upward.
Due to the large number of street trees in Palo Alto’s urban forest, uplifted gutters are the
most common drainage problem throughout the City. Staff currently has a backlog of
over 100 documented drainage problems attributable to damaged curb and gutter, and
there is a much larger number of undocumented problem sites. Damaged gntters are the
most common source of resident complaints regarding poor drainage. Prior to the storm
drainage funding shortfall, staff budgeted $200,000 per year to replace damaged curb and
gutter. This funding was eliminated in FY 1998-99. Without this dedicated funding
source, gutters are now repaired only as incidental work on other infrastructure
maintenance projects. For example, damaged gutters are replaced as part of street repairs
during the annual street resurfacing project. Gutters are also repaired if they are integral
with a section of sidewalk being replaced as part of the annual sidewalk replacement
project. Staff recommends that $250,000 per year be allocated towards curb and gutter
replacement, equating to a monthly Storm Drain Fee increase of $0.50.
Area-Specific Storm Drain Capital Improvements
Staff has reviewed the list of storm drain system capacity improvement projects
recommended in the 1993 Storm Drain Master Plan and has identified the most critical
projects. The cost of these high-priority projects totals approximately $13 million (2004
CMR: 193:04 Page 6 of 11
dollars). The proposed project list is significantly shorter and less costly than the list
prepared for the year 2000 property owner election and the list endorsed by the Storm
Drain Committee. In compiling this list of projects, staff attempted to achieve the
following objectives:
¯Provide benefits to a broad cross-section of City residents and businesses
¯Address the most severe drainage system deficiencies
¯Improve drainage in those areas with highest potential for flooding during heavy
rains
¯Implement projects in downstream segments of the storm drain network that are
needed to accommodate future upstream drainage improvements
Attachment C contains a list and brief description of the recommended area-specific
storm drain infrastructure improvement projects. A map showing the locations of the
proposed projects is provided as Attachment D.
The recommended projects have several similarities. First of all, the majority of the
projects are in the eastern portion of the City, at the dovaistream end of the drainage
network. When implementing a sequential series of related drainage improvements,
work must start at the most downstream point and progress upstream. This methodology
ensures that improvements in one area do not inadvertently create problems elsewhere.
For example, improvements made to storm drains in the upper portion of the watershed
may cause flooding in downstream neighborhoods if the storm drains serving those areas
are inadequate. Secondly, several of the high-priority projects include new or upgraded
pump stations or connections to existing pump stations. The effectiveness of storm
drains is higNy dependent upon the level of water in the creek that receives the storm
runoff. Storm drains that flow to creeks by gravity (without the benefit of a pump) cease
flowing when the water level in the creek is higher than the water in the storm drain.
Pumps allow runoff to be emptied into creeks regardless of the water level. Adding a
pump station to an existing gravity storm drain outfall dramatically improves the
performance of the entire tributary storm drain network. Likewise, connecting existing
storm drains to an existing pump station will improve drainage in an entire neighborhood
without incurring the cost of upsizing the storm drain pipelines. The third similarity
shared by many of the proposed projects is that they serve low-lying or landlocked areas
where storm runoff currently ponds during moderate to severe storm events. These are
the areas that are most vulnerable to severe flooding and potential property damage
because there is no overland release point for accumulated storm runoff. Examples of
these at-risk areas include DeSoto Drive, Walter Hays Drive, Clara Drive, Gailen
Avenue, and Bibbits Drive. Staff recommends that $1 million per year be allocated
towards the identified storm drain capacity upgrade projects, equating to a monthly Storm
Drain Fee increase of $2.00.
CMR: 193:04 Page 7 of 11
Proposed Storm Drain Funding
Council has several options available for funding an enhanced storm drain program. Two
primary issues are key to the fimding question. First of all, Council must decide whether
or not to continue contributing General Fund dollars towards storm drainage, and if so,
the amount of that contribution. Secondly, it must be decided whether to fimd storm
drain capital improvements on a pay-as-you-go basis or through debt financing.
As a Council-approved enterprise, the Storm Drainage Fund should ideally be a self-
sufficient entity, fully fimded through user fees. One of staff’s goals has been to
minimize the amount of General Fund dollars directed at the storm drain program, in an
effort to free up funds for other competing needs. It is staff’s belief, however, that the
community will not support a significant increase in the monthly Storm Drainage Fee.
Balancing the competing goals of minimizing costs to the General Fund and holding the
Storm Drainage Fee to an amount residents and businesses would support is a challenge.
There has been a concerted effort to think creatively and to conduct a comprehensive
review of City programs to develop a funding recommendation for the storm drain
program.
Staff has identified the annual sidewalk replacement program as a potential area for cost
savings that could then be applied to storm drainage. Currently the City budgets $1.9
million each year for sidewalk replacement. The sidewalk replacement program is
funded jointly through the General Fund ($1.5 million) and the Utility Users Tax
($400,000). Staff recommends that Council review the possibility of reducing General
Fund funding for sidewalks by either reducing the amount of sidewalk replaced annually
or by sharing the cost of sidewalk replacement with property owners. The savings
achieved by this adjustment could be diverted to fund storm drain program
enhancements, while at the same time minimizing the impact to the General Fund and the
amount of the Storm Drainage Fee increase.
The sidewalk program currently funds approximately $1.9 million per year of 100% City-
funded repairs, implemented on a rotating district basis that goes throuodaout the City on
cyclic basis. Property owners outside of the current district must either wait up to nine
years for the repairs in their district to be addressed, or fund the repairs 100% at their own
expense. StafFs storm drain funding proposal would revise the sidewalk program to
provide $1 million per year for repairs on a rotating district basis, utilize $500,000 per
year to create a new 50/50 cost sharing program that would allow property owners
outside of the then-current district to make sidewalk repairs on a first-come, first-served
basis, and transfer $500,000 per year of the General Fund monies to the storm drain
program. This approach would have the multiple benefits of maintaining the current
level of sidewalk repair activity, creating an opportunity for properties outside of the
rotational basis to participate, and increasing the level of General Fund participation in
the storm drain program. It should be noted that State Law (Streets and Highways Code)
CMR: 193:04 Page 8 of 11
gives cities the choice of whether to require property owners to repair sidewalks or to
undertake it as a city program. Most cities in Califomia provide far less city resources
for sidewalk repairs, especially or a per capita basis, than does Palo Alto.
Staff recommends that Council consider providing $1 million per year in General Fund
dollars for the storm drain program, with $500,000 of the funding coming from a
corresponding reduction in annual sidewalk replacement program spending. This level of
General Fund financial contribution would result in a $2.00 reduction in the Storm
Drainage Fee for single-family residential customers for any given level of service.
Staff’s recommendation on applying General Fund dollars to the storm drain program are
tentative at this time due to the uncertainty surrounding the State budget and its potential
financial impacts to the City. Therefore, staff recommends that Council postpone a final
decision on storm drain funding until after the State of California has adopted its FY 04-
05 budget.
Council must also decide whether to fund storm drain capital improvements on a pay-as-
you-go basis or through debt financing. The pay-as-you-go approach would result in
lower total costs, but a relatively slow- rate of project implementation. The debt financing
option would accelerate the construction schedule by providing up-front funding, but
would result in debt service payments over an extended period of time. As stated above,
staff recommends that $1 million be allocated annually for storm drain capital
improvements. Since many of the high-priority capital improvements are multi-million
dollar projects, it would take several years to accrue enough cash to fund even a single
project on a pay-as-you-go basis. For example, the proposed San Francisquito Creek
pump station, estimated to cost $4.5 million, would take four and one-half years to fund.
Under the debt financing option, the annual $1 million capital improvement funding
allocation would be sufficient to support a utility revenue bond of up to $14 million,
based on current low interest rates. The issuance of such a bond would enable the City to
obtain up-front funds to implement projects, but would require annual debt service
payments for a period of 25 years.
The attached matrix (Attachment E) shows the cost impact of each recommended storm
drain program element to the monthly Storm Drainage Fee. For comparison purposes,
the matrix also includes the cost of implementing all of the storm drain capital
improvements recommended in the Condition Assessment and Master Plan studies, based
on the assumption of spending $3 million per year for capital improvements over a period
of 25 to 30 years. The matrix also shows the fee impact of contributing either $500,000
or $1 million in General Fund dollars to the Storm Drainage Fund.
CMR:193:04 Page 9 of 11
RESOURCE IMPACT
Staff’s recommendation would have the following financial impacts:
The monthly Storm Drainage Fee for developed properties would increase from $4.25
to $7.50 per Equivalent Residential Unit
General Fund contribution to the storm drain program would increase to $1 million.
This would be achieved by:
¯General Fund would transfer $500,000
¯The General Fund cost for sidewalk replacement would decrease by $500,000 and
funding for the storm drain program would increase by $500,000 via a transfer
As a consequence of these proposed changes, the General Fund would realize a net
savings of $300,000 since the current direct subsidy to the Storm Drain Fund is
$800,000.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
Staff’s recommendations are consistent with the Comprehensive Plan: Policy N-24 states
that the City should "improve storm drainage performance by constructing new system
improvements where necessary and replacing undersized or otherwise inadequate lines
with larger lines or parallel lines." Program N-36 further states that the City should
"complete improvements to the storm drainage system consistent with the priorities
outlined in the City’s 1993 Storm Drainage Master Plan, provided that an appropriate
funding mechanism is identified and approved by the City Council."
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Consideration of financial options does not require California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA) review. Individual storm drain infrastructure improvement projects will be
subject to environmental review as they are developed
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A:
Attachment B:
Attachment C:
Attachment D:
Attachment E:
Summary of storm drain funding mechanisms
Summary of economic consequences of not implementing the
recommended drainage improvements
Description of proposed storm drain capital improvements
Map of proposed storm drain capital improvements
Storm drain funding alternatives matrix
PREPARED BY:
JO~TERESI
Senior Engineer
CMR:193:04 Page 10 of 11
DEPARTMENT HEAD:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
GLENN S. ROBERTS
Director of Public Works
E~@HA~SON
Assistant City Manager
cc: Storm Drain Committee
CMR:193:04 Page 11 of 1t
ATTACHMENT A
STORM DRAIN PROGRAM FUNDING SUMMARY
AGENCY
Campbell
Cupertino $75,000
$32,000 SD $149,000 SD
DF $80,000 DF,SD $355,000 SD
Los Altos $0 AD, SS $66,000 SS $131,000 SS
Los Gatos $34,000 SD $132,000 SD
Menlo Park $150,000 GF $90,000 GF,SD $490,000 GF,SD,AD
Monte Sereno $7,000 SD $11,000 SD
Mountain View $100,000 DE $430,000 SS $220,000 SS
Santa Clara $180,000 DF,GF,SD $730,000 GF $370,000 SD,SS
Saratoga $75,000 GF $30,000 SD $74,000 SD
Fundin,q Sources
GF = General Fund
SD = Storm drain user fee
SS = Sanitary sewer user fee
DF = Developer/Impact Fee
AD = Assessment District
3/17/04
Attachment B
Summary of Economic Consequences of Not Implementin~ the
Recommended Capital Improvements
There will be several negative consequences if the recommended storm drain capital
improvements are not implemented. Potential impacts include the following:
¯Continued risk of flood damage caused by storm drain system back-ups
¯Accelerated pavement deterioration
¯Increased backlog of pipeline repairs due to continued deterioration of existing storm
drain infrastructure
¯Increased backlog of curb and gutter repairs due to continued deterioration of existing
curb and gutter
The following pages provide a summary of the most significant impacts that would likely
occur if the recommended capital improvements are not implemented. Some of the
impacts can be quantified into annualized costs to City as follows:
Annualized costs
Potential flood damage:
Pavement deterioration:
TOTAL
$100,000 to $250,000
$20,000 to $100,000
$120,000 to $350,000
3/17/04 Page 1
Attachment B
Impact #1:Continued risk of flood damage caused by storm
drain system back-ups
If the recommended storm drain system capacity upgrades are not implemented,
significant areas of the city would continue to be subject to periodic flooding during
moderate storms. Impacts of this flooding include impaired mobility of motorists,
bicyclists, and pedestrians and an increased potential for traffic accidents. In addition,
homes and businesses in the impacted neighborhoods are potentially at risk of incurring
flood-induced property damage.
The following table summarizes the number of properties in the neighborhoods that
would continue to be subject to flooding in the event of a 10-year storm due to inadequate
storm drains if the proposed capacity upgrades are not constructed:
Neighborhood Number of Properties
Northeastern Palo Alto
Matadero Pump Station watershed
Charleston Terrace/Greendell
Greenhouse/San Antonio Ave. area
Clara Drive
Southgate
500.
1000
200
100
200
TOTAL 2000
Once floodwaters inundate garages, crawl spaces, basements, and living areas, damages
can easily approach $5,000 per property. Based on these figures, here are two damage
scenarios to be considered:
Scenario #1: 10% of at-risk properties incur flood damage
2,000 x 10% x $5000 = $1 million
($100,000 annualized cost if flooding occurs an average of once per 10 years)
Scenario #2: 25% of at-risk properties incur flood damage
2,000 x 25% x $5000 = $2.5 million
($250,000 annualized cost if flooding occurs an average of once per 10 years)
3/17/04 Page 2
Attachment B
Impact #2:Accelerated pavement deterioration
Ponded water is pavement’s worst enemy. When storm water is allowed to pond in the
streets and gutters for extended periods, it soaks through the pavement surface down into
the base material below. Once water has saturated the base material, the base loses its
structural stren~h and its ability to support the loading imposed upon the pavement by
vehicular traffic. This results in the premature breaking of concrete pavement slabs and
cracking of asphalt pavement. If the recommended storm drain system capacity upgrades
are not implemented, significant areas of the city would continue to be subject to periodic
flooding during moderate storms. Impacts of this flooding include premature pavement
deterioration, decreasing the pavement life by up to 50%.
By making certain assumptions, one can estimate the costs that the City incurs due to
premature pavement deterioration caused by poor drainage. Key assumptions include:
¯a typical property has a 50-foot-wide frontage
¯the average street width is 20 feet to the centerline
¯pavement has a expected life of 30 years
¯resurfacing costs approximately $3.00 per square foot
¯poor drainage cuts expected pavement life by 50% (i.e. pavement needs
resurfacing every 15 years)
Based on these figures, here are two pavement damage scenarios to be considered:
Scenario #1: 10% of pavement in flood-prone areas suffers deterioration due to poor
drainage
2,000 properties x 50-foot frontage x 20-foot width x $3.00 per square foot
x 10% of areas impacted = an extra $600,000 is spent every 30 years to
repair prematurely deteriorated pavement
$600,000/30 years = $20,000 per year added street maintenance costs due
to poor drainage
Scenario #2: 50% of pavement in flood-prone areas suffers deterioration due to poor
drainage
2,000 properties x 50-foot frontage x 20-foot width x $3.00 per square foot
x 50% of areas impacted = an extra $3 million is spent every 30 years to
repair prematurely deteriorated pavement
$3 million / 30 years = $100,000 per year added street maintenance costs
due to poor drainage
3/17/04 Page 3
Attachment
Proposed Storm Drain Capital Improvements
Noah Palo Alto Proiects
Construct pump station at 96" storm drain outfall to San Francisquito Creek
downstream of Highway 101 (Cost: $4.5 million)
Current Condition
University Avenue, E1 Camino Real, Seale Avenue, and San Francisquito
Creek in the northeastern portion of the City roughly bound some of the
most severe and chronic ponding problems. This entire 1250-acre area
drains through a single 96" outfall pipe into San Francisquito Creek
downstream of Highway 101. There are longstanding drainage problems
throughout this area (many of the deficiencies were identified in the
original 1965 Storm Drain Master Plan). The downstream portion of the
drainage system serving this area was up~aded i.n the early 1970’s, when
the 96" outfall pipeline was constructed. Over time the performance of this
system has deteriorated due to excessive siltation in San Francisquito
Creek. The siltation has reduced the capacity of the creek, resulting in
higher water levels in the creek during storm events. The higher creek
levels, in turn, prevent the storm drain system from draining freely, causing
the pipes to back up and pond into the streets and gutters. Chronic street
ponding occurs initially on the 500 block of Greer Road and then spreads to
the Hamilton Avenue, Hilbar Lane, Rhodes Drive, Channing Avenue,
Heather Lane, and Walter Hays Drive areas. These areas remain ponded
until the water level in the creek drops enough to allow the 96" pipe to
drain freely again. ~
Recommended Solution
Installation of a pump station at the 96" outfall is the initial step in
improving drainage in this watershed. The pump station will alleviate the
chronic downstream area system backups. This work will have to be
carefully coordinated with the Santa Clara Valley Water District as well as
the San Francisquito Creek Joint Powers Authority and the cities of Menlo
Park and East Palo Alto in order to avoid any negative flooding impacts on
San Francisquito Creek. Construction of the pump station will provide
downstream capacity for a series of future pipeline improvement projects
designed to address upstream drainage system deficiencies in this
watershed area.
3/17/04 Page 1
Attachment C
o Install 48’’~ Charming Avenue storm drain between Heather Lane and
Newell Road (Cost: $750 thousand)
Current Condition
The existing Channing Avenue box culvert between Heather Lane and
Newell Road is at a higher elevation than the tributary storm drains that
feed into it at Newell Road and from DeSoto and Walter Hays Drives. The
resulting steps in the drainage profile means that the upstream pipes need to
partially fill with storm runoff before they start draining into the box
culvert. Under the current conditions, a large percentage of the upstream
drainage network capacity is wasted, since is filled with standing water.
This hydraulically inefficient condition causes the upstream pipes to back
up and pond onto the street surface at multiple locations upstream of the
Newell Road/Channing Avenue intersection and on DeSoto and Walter
Hays Drives.
Recommended Solution
Installation of a 48"-diameter storm drain at the proper Fade will provide
needed drainage capacity along Channing Avenue. The new pipe will also
noticeably improve the performance of the upstream drainage network
without actually making improvements to these pipes, since the upstream
pipes will be able to flow freely into the new storm drain.
o Construct Southgate neighborhood storm drain system (Cost: $2 million)
Current Condition
The Southgate neighborhood, bounded by Churchill Avenue, the Peninsula
Corridor Joint Powers Board railroad property, Park Boulevard, and E1
Camino Real, drains to a single storm drain inlet at the coruer of Mariposa
and Sequoia Avenues. There are no undergound storm drain pipelines to
serve the neighborhood, and there are many sections of uneven curb and
gutter that pond water during rain events.
Recommended Solution
The recommended infrastructure improvements include the construction of
additional storm drain inlets, new pipelines, and curb and gutter repairs to
eliminate street ponding in the Southgate neighborhood. This project will
also accommodate runoff from the Palo Alto High School property.
3/17/04 Page 2
Attachment C
South Palo Alto projects
1.Extend Gailen Avenue/Bibbits Drive outfall to existing Adobe Pump
Station (Cost: $650 thousand)
Current Condition
The Charleston Terrace, Greendell, Greenhouse, and a portion of
Greenmeadow neighborhoods, and San Antonio Avenue between
Charleston Road and Alma Street are served by a 36" storm drain that flows
by gravity into Adobe Creek behind Bibbits Drive. This 280-acre
watershed is roughly bounded by Adobe Creek, Nelson Drive, Ferne
Avenue, Alma Street, San Antonio Avenue, and East Charleston Road.
Once the water level in Adobe Creek rises to a depth of approximately four
feet, the 36" pipeline cannot drain by gravity. Subsequently, water begins
ponding on Bibbits Drive and Gailen Avenue, and extends upstream in the
drainage system.
Recommended Solution
The recommended infrastructure improvements involve the construction of
an 1,800-foot extension of the of 36" storm drain to connect it to the
existing Adobe Pump Station. Connection of this watershed’s drainage
system to the pump station will allow the streets to be drained regardless of
the creek level.
Extend Clara Drive storm drains to Matadero Pump Station (Cost: $900
thousand)
Current Condition
Clara Drive currently drains to Matadero Creek by gravity. Water ponds in
the street during even moderate storm events, with the extent of the
ponding increasing with the creek level.
Recommended Solution
Connection to the pump station will allow Clara Drive to drain regardless
of the creek level.
3/17/04 Page 3
Attachment C
o Improvement to Matadero Pump Station and installation of replacement or
parallel storm drain pipes leading to the pump station (Cost: $3 million)
Current Condition
A large portion of southeastern Palo Alto drains to Matadero Creek via the
Matadero Storm Water Pump Station. The watershed area is roughly
bounded by Seale Avenue, Highway 101, Barron Creek, and Alma Street.
Most of this 1200-acre area drains through a network of trunk pipelines to a
pump station located adjacent to Matadero Creek, just upstream of West
Bayshore Road. Much of the land in this area, particularly the eastern
portion near Highway 101, is lower than the creek water level during storm
events. Without the pump station, this land would be unable to drain until
the creek recedes, several hours after the rainfall stops. Problems in this
watershed include the capacity of the pump station and the trunk storm
drain pipes leading to it.
Recommended Solution
The recommended infrastructure improvements "include upgrades to the
Matadero Pump Station and the construction of replacement or parallel
pipelines for several of the trunk pipelines feeding the pump station. The
Master Plan analysis showed that several of the large trunk pipelines that
drain to the Matadero Pump Station (including those along Loma Verde
Avenue, the former Seale-Wooster Canal right-of-way north of Colorado
Avenue, and the former Sterling Canal right-of-way east of Maddux Drive
and Kenneth Drive) are undersized and need to be replaced with larger
pipelines or supplemented with parallel pipelines.
Improve drainage along Alma Street (Cost: $1.5 million)
Current Condition
There are several locations along southbound Alma Street where storm
runoff drains onto Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board railroad property
and is absorbed into the ground. When the ground becomes saturated, water
begins to pond onto the roadway, creating hazardous driving conditions.
There are few underground storm drains in these areas to collect the runoff
and convey it to a creek.
Recommended Solution
The recommended infrastructure improvements include the construction of
several new catch basins along the southbound side of Alma Street and
installation of approximately 4,400 linear feet of new storm drain pipelines
to properly drain the street.
3/17/04 Page 4
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ATTACHMENT E