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HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 103-06TO: Rep r HONORABLE C!TY COUNCIL FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: PUBLIC WORKS DATE: SU~.YECT: JANUARY 17, 2006 CMR: 103:~)6 CITY OF PALO ALTO CARBON D!OXIDE EMISSION REDUCTION EFFORTS This is an informational report and no Counci! action is required. DISCUSSION Sustainable Silicon Valley (SSV) recently released its fn, st report on carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reductions as a result of the actions of its parmer agencies and businesses. The City of Palo Alto (Palo Alto) is one of the nineteen parmers of SSV and was recognized at a press event at the Kirsch Center for Environmental Studies at De Anza Community Co!lege on November ! 6, 2005. Palo Alto’s CO2 reduction efforts are summarized on Page 21 of the SSV CO,Report 2005 (Attachment A). The report highlights Palo Alto’s CO2 reductions from the increased use of renewable electric power sources, idling of computer monitors, reuse of landfill gas and the use of low-energy light emitting diode (LED) traffic lights. The report also summarizes Palo Alto’s projection of a 37% CO2 emission reduction at City Hall and a 32% reduction at the Regional Water Quality Control Plant by 2010. Attachment B is a more detailed summary ofPalo Alto’s CO2 reduction efforts prepared for Mayor Burch’s talk at the "Skyscrapers and Greenhouses: Leaders Take Action to Reduce symposium on June 1, 2005. ATTACI-IM~NTS Attachment A: Sustainable Silicon Valley CO2 Report 2005 Attachment B: Detailed Information on Palo Alto’s CO: Reduction Efforts PREPARED BY: DEPARTMENT HEAD: CITY M_ANAGER >~PROVAL: PHIL BOBEL Manager, Environmental Compliance Division / ...."-7(! GLENN S. ROBERTS Director of Public ~Vorks~-----.. Assistant City Manager CMR:103:06 Page 1 of 1 Attachment A Skyscrapers and Greenhouses: I2eaders Take Action to Reduce CO~ Mayor Jim Burch City of Palo Alto June 1, 2005 Significance and Magnitude of the Global Warmin~ Problem and the need to reduce CO~_ - a major contributor to Global Warming. According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth’s surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. The Union of Concerned Scientists reports that: ,Mountain glaciers the world over are receding. ¯The Arctic ice pack has lost about 40 percent of its thickness over the past four decades. Global sea level is rising about three times faster over the past 100 years compared with the previous 3,000 years. And we all contribute. Our cars and trucks are the worst offenders. The volume of one pound of CO_~ is enough to fill 120 party balloons. If your car blew up balloons as you drove down the road, you would fill more than 1 million balloons bv the end of the year! We have a lot of successful CO~_ reductions to celebrate! Local governn~ents, businesses, and individuals have all been pitching in. In Palo Alto we’re proud of the following accomplishments: Almost 2.7 million kilowatt hours have been shaved off the City’s bottom line use through efficiency policies and installations at City Facilities: Traffic Signal Retrofit: the City replaced all of its traffic signals and pedestrian crossing signals to state of the art light emitting diode (LED) reducing average intersection energy use bv 80% or more. The 3,650 signals yielded an annual energy savings of over lmillion kwh. o Li~htin~ System Retrofit: the City installed over 10,000 state of the lamps and ballasts to 60 buildings. The energy savings to the City and taxpayers of Palo Alto are estimated at 1.5 million kwh annually. This large-scale energy efficiency upgrade project was a component of the Water Energy & Environmental Management Plan developed by the interdepartmental Sustainability Committee. 3.Advanced Meterin~ & Buildin~ Control: the City has installed web based automated demand and building control systems in their Water Quality Control Plant, City Hall, Community Center & Downtown Library. The new control system allows automated demand reductions when needed as well as on going savings tI~ough control of lighting, heating, cooling and air flow. 4.City Hall Chiller Retrofit: the City eliminated use of CFCs in its City Hall chiller and reduced demand by 40 kW. Life Cycle Costin~ (LCC3: the City has begun to integrate life cycle costing into its construction and major maintenance projects. LCC policies have helped the City reduce its bottom line costs by evaluating energy, operations and maintenance costs during the design and selection phase of projects. LCC was used to select an efficient chiller for the Cubberley Community Center, yielding annual energy savings of 10,830 kwh. LCC was also used to select new lighting for the Baylands Athletic Field, saving the City over 170,000 kwh annually. More Efficient ~ astewater Treatment: The City has replaced old aerators with new, efficient ceramic gas - transfer devices and dramatically reduced energy use at our wastewater treatment plant. Vehicles: The City is converting more and more vehicles each year to more energy efficient natural gas vehicles and offering incentives for employees to reduce energy use in commuting by switching.to public transit, ride sharing and bicycles. 8.New City Buildings: Our design contract scopes of work require designers to consider Green Building elements in all building renovation, expansion and new buildings in accordance with the City’s Green Building Policy adopted by the City Council on April 21, 2003 (earth day). For renovations/expansion we require designers to follow the LEED checklists and provide "green" design options with cost/benefit information for our projects. Typically we look for energy efficient HVAC systems, photovoltaics for electric power generation, water conservation equipment, "green" materials for flooring, roofing and other building structural elements, ... The Green Building Policy requires new buildings over 10,000 sf to achieve some level of LEED certification. Looking beyond City Facilities, the City has initiated man?; programs to hell2 residents and businesses reduce their energy use: Renewable energy purchases: The City established targets to purchase 10% of the total Palo Alto utilities customers’ electricity consumption from renewable energy sources by 2008 and 20% by 2015. The city has already signed long- term contracts for electricity from wind and landfill gas projects expected to meet 12% of the total city’s load by 2007. 2.Green poxy~r program: Palo Alto Green is one of the most successful voluntary retail green power programs in the country. Retail electric customers in Palo Alto can choose to receive their electricity from renewable resources, 97.5% wind and 2.5% solar, for a small premium equivalent to the price of a small pizza each month. Over 3,200 customers have enrolled (!2°,/o of customers), contributing an additional 2.5% of electricity supplies from renewable resources and a~;oiding nearly 40 million pounds of CO2 emissions per year. CPAU’s goal is to achieve a 15% participation rate by the end of the year. PV Partners: CPAU encourages customers to install photovoltaic systems through rebates to reduce the installation cost. Photovoltaics convert sunlight directly to electricity, and reduce electricity bills - and can even run the meter backwards sometimes! Palo Alto has approximately 4 Watts of solar panels installed per person thus thr, more than twice the state average. The PV Partner program is scheduled to resume on July 1, 2005 (pending budget approval). Enerc,_v efficiency pro~orams: CPAU also offers rebates for high-efficiency appliances and other measures to help customers reduce electric, natural gas, and water use, all of which have direct or indirect impacts greenhouse gas emissions. Electricity and natural gas implications are more obvious, but reduced water also use reduces energy needed for pumping as well and energy and chemicals used for wastewater treatment. Solar power demonstration project: CPAU is matching a grant from the US Department of Energy for a $2.8 million project to install photovoltaic systems on city facilities. The project is being managed by Public Works, and is expected to be completed by June 2006. The project is expected to more than double the amount of photovoltaics installed in Palo Alto. Many folks forget that saving water also saves energy. Water is pumped from one location to another using electricity, and then gas & or electricity is used to heat or cool or filter it, then chemicals are added that require further use of electricity to clean it up before it is sent to you folks. Water Conservation: since 1992, the city has participated in a memorandum of understanding with the California Water Conservation Council to incorporate 14 best management practices for indoor and outdoor water use in residential, commercial, and industrial sites. Reducing water consumption often leads to reductions of the chemicais and energy (gas& water) used to condition the water prior to use. And then there are TREES! Trees take up CO~ and help offset energy use. CANOPY is a non-profit organization in Palo Alto complementing the City’s aggressive tree plalming program. Palo Alto has joined sustainable Silicon Vallev’s COx Reduction Initiative committed to e~,’en more CO~ reductions, as we look forward to the second half of this decade. We have estimated that we will be able to reduce CO~_ emissions at our City. Hall b-~’. 37% and at our Wastewater Treatment Plant by _~z:,o""°’ by 2010. These reductions will come from 4 specific projects: 1.The replacement of our City Hall boiler and related systems with more efficient equipment. 2.The replacement of our City Hail garage ventilation system with more efficient equipment. 3.Substituting landfill gas for a large portion of the natural gas used at our RWQCP incinerator. 4. Purchasing higher percentages of renewable-based electricity in future years. But society will have to do even more. Aggressive and impressive as all these programs are, if our children and their children are to have a sustainable planet we are going to have to work even harder and smarter to reduce CO2 and curb Global Warming. 1.We must foster local programs like the Sustainable Silicon Valley CO~_ reduction commitment. 2.Local governments must work even harder on recommendations from the Rocky Mountain Institute for our communities: Strengthening energy building codes, which also protect homeowners and renters while benefiting builders and contractors. Promoting ~:smart" growth and implementing land-use and zoning changes to minimize driving. ¯Creating and promoting mass transit to reduce fuel consumption. ¯Promoting climate-friendly procurement practices in local government and maj or businesses. We must ask our businesses to due even more as suggested by Sustainable Silicon Valley: ,When replacing roofs, install ~:cool" roofs. ,Landscape to shade smmy sides of buildings. ¯Introduce ~%pot cooling," which directs cooling to specific areas rather than an entire floor or building. Utilize web-cast meetings, conference calls or other ;~virtual meeting" tools to avoid travel when appropriate. Encourage suppliers/vendors to use cleaner fueled or gasoline/electric hybrid vehicles. Publication of the Sustainable Silicon Valley C02 Report 2005 is made possible by generous contributions from the following Sustainable Silicon Valley partners: Bay Area Air Quality Management District BAY AREA AI RO~ALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT Pacific Gas and Electric NASA Ames Research Center ALZA Published by Sustainable Silicon Valley www. S usta i na bleS i I iconVa lley. org "The strength of this program is that it st~esses vohmta~-v participation. ~lloMng bt~sinesses and local gm, crnmCnt~ to find imwvati~’c solutions ~o rcdttcc the ecological footprint we leave on the planet. By implementing simple ene~, saving tcchnokvgies and p-ract~ccs, the Cottnts~ has alrea&, redfaced its cne~Ny constm~ption b~, 20% flom 2001 lcvcts. St~stainabIe Silicon Valley, provides an opporttmit~, to sharc lww we’ve achicved this.;and a ~’csot~rce for f!~rth~r re&~cing ot~r enc~gx, necds." -Supervisor Liz Kniss, Board of SupelMsors. nearby gas reduction goals at World Em-ironment Day m San Francisco_ June 1. 2005. We hope this summary and d~ese tesumonials respire others ~o .join us. and encourage leaders in od~er regions ~o ~ake up d~e ch~lllenge. This report is dedicated wffh ~m~imde ~e ~hese organiz:t~ions and ~t~ champions wid~in ~hem. ....... f~u~ ~r San cse sta e u- ~,e~s s_ Peter Melhu~. _tennifer Smith Grubb and Margare~ Br~uce after receiving a commendation br SSV from the City Council of San _lose on \larch _~Oth vOO4 Introduction .............................................. Executive Summary ....................................... Pledging Partners and Key Achievements ........................ The Sustainable Silicon Valley StoU ............................6 Carbon Dioxide Reduction ...................................9 Pledging Partners’ Accomplishments .......................... Acterra ............................................. Agilent Technologies. Inc ................................ Akeena Sohr .........................................!6 ALZA Corporation .................................... Bay Area Air Quality Management District ..................!8 Calpine,Corporation ..................... 19 Cisco SyStems ...................’ ......20 City of Palo Alto ......................................21 City of San Jos4 .......................................22 County of Santa Clara ................ Hewlett-Packard Company ..............................24 LifeScan. Inc .........................................25 Lockheed Marun Space S~stems Compan) ................. NASA Ames Research Center ...........................26 Oracle ..............................................27 Pacific Gas and Electric Company ................... Roche Palo Alto ......................................29 Santa Clara Va~Iey Water District ..........................30 Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter ..........................31 Getting Started wtth SS\, ............. ................33SSV Pledge Letter ......................... SS Pa, ttc~pants ..........................................35 ssv ................... RepOrt Credits ...............................Inside Back Cover In Sustainable Silicon Valleys (SSV~) first Annual Eeporu, results of the carbon dioxide (CO~) emissions reduction initiative to date are detailed. SSV is a partnership between business, government., non-governrrtental organizations and academia that seeks cooperative solutions to the en~dronmental challenges facing the greater Silicon \;alley region. SSV has gro~ tremendously in the past ~ear, bringing in new partners pledging to reduce their CO~ emissions, welcoming numerous volunteer staff members, and incorporating as a public benefit corporation. Nineteen pledging partners have contributed their results to this report. SSV~s regional CO~ goal calls for a 20% reduction in CO_~ emissions below !990 levels b) the year 2010. Pledging partners contribute to this goal by setting their o~ voluntary goals to reduce energ) use and CO~ emissions, and determining ho~ best to meet their goals. Through quarterly educational forums featuring technical experts, resources from utilities, scientific experts and other sources of support and information, as well as workgroup meetings and informal networking sessions; pledging partners share best practices and learn how others are achieving significant results. SSV helps organizations save energ)% save mone)~ and help the emironment. The results speak for themselves. For example, Akeena Solar no longer buys an)’ grid-electricity at all, thanks to its newly installed photovoltaic system. Cisco Systems reduced its CO~ emissions by 23.3 million pounds per year by building in ener~~ efficiency at the design phase and fostering cross-ffmctionat collaboration in the compan)a The City of San Jos4 has saved over S13 million since 2001, thanks to behavioral changes and investments in energy efficienc): As a group, the SSV partners who have pledged to reduce their CO~ emissions have already made a significant difference to the environment. The total aggregate amount of CO~_ emissions avoided since each partner’s baseline year is 7q3,~22~3~1 pounds. This is equivalent to removing 233,~B0 homes from the electricity grid for one year or taking 7B,000 cars off the road for one year. SIlIcON VAllEY Acterra Agilent Technologies, Inc. Akeena Solar ALZA Corporation Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) Calpine Corporation Cisco Systems City of Palo Alto City of San Jos~ County of Santa Clara Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) LifeScan, Inc. Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company NASA Ames Research Center Oracle Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) Roche Palo Alto Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD) Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter Pledging Partners have saved over $20 million Akeena Solar: No longer buys electricit}: Cisco Systems: Saved $4.5 million per }ear in operating costs. City of Palo Alto: Energ) management softx~are implementation alone saves more than 517,000 in energy costs each year. City of San Jos~: Reduced energy bill by more than $13 million since 2001. LifeScan, Inc.: Milpitas and Cabo Rqjo sites yield $!.3 million of cost savings per year from energy conserxation projects. Roche Palo Alto: Palo Alto site saxed more than 52.5 mi!lion between 2000-2004. C02 Emissions Reductions & Energy Savings Acterra: Cut energy use b3 66% and natural gas use by 30% in two years. ALZA Corporation: Set a target of 7% absolute CO: emissions reduction by 2010 (1990 base }ear). Cisco Systems: Reduced CO_- emissions by 23.3 million lbs. pet year. This equals removing 2,300 cars from the road. County of Santa Clara: CO_- emissions cut b) !2.7 million lbs. between 200! and 2004. LifeScan, Inc.: Reduced CO-- emissions by 22.4% by 2005 (2001 base 3"ear). Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company: Purchased 1.2 million kilox~ art hours (kWh) of renewable energ? in 2004. NASA Ames Research Center: Targeting COz emissions reductions of 30% below 1990 levels by 20!0. PG&E: Energy efficiency partnership programs have distributed over $57 million dollars in rebates and achieved energy savings of 117 megawatts (MW) or 620,000 megawatt hours (MWh)-enough energy to pox~er more than 91,000 homes for a year. SCVWD: Photovoltaic system reduces CO_- emissions by more than 450,000 lbs. Total CO~ emissions avoided by 5SV Pledging Partners is "/43,522,351 lbs. This is equivalent to: o remoxing _o~,>o0 homes from the electricity grid [or one year. or o taking 73,000 cars off the road for one year. Sustainable Silicon \hlley (SSV) began in 2001 ;is a collaboration bet~een go~ernrnenu led by tt~e California Environmental Protection Agenc) (Cal/KPA), business~ led by d-~e Silicon Valle) Manufacturing (now Leadership) Group (SVLG), and non-go~ernmemal organizations~ led by the Silicon \talle) Em ironmentaI Parmership (SVEP). Participants were im ited from the entire Silicon \hlley region, including Sama Clara. San Mateo, northern Santa Cruz. and southern Alameda counties. These participants identified 35 key environmenta! pressures, the top six being: tse of energ) from non-renex~able sources Use of fresh ~ater Urban spra\~ l Habitat de\e!opment and fragmentation Use of non-rene~able ra~ materials Discharges of toxic chemicals to the air Designed to mine be) ond tlne traditional command-and-control mode! of emironmental regulado!~ to one of collaboration and parmership~ SS\ focuses on the desired outcome~ above and be,.ond compliance-driven standards. Participants choose the methods to reach that outcome ttnat make the most sense financiall) and technologically for each of them. Environmental benefits come from tiwse outcomes, not the means used to achieve them. SSV aims to achieve its mission through the de~elopmem and implementation of a regional environmental management s)stem or EMS. An EMS is a s)stematic approach to emironmental management, ~hich uses a ’ plan-do-check-adjust" loop to address environmental issues of col~cern. Em~ironn~enta! impacts are evaluated, after which environmental objectives and timeIines fo~- t~.eir achievement are established and prioritized. An EMS calls for a process of continual improvemcm. Results are monitored and reviewed regularly to determine effectiveness and the need for s)stcm adjusunents. Tlne Silicon \2q!ley Environmenta! Index published b) S\EP provides the baseline against ~hich to measure progress in man) differem areas of enviromnental qualib: Of the six highest priorit) en~ironmentaI pressures. SSV~ first focus is on reducing energy use. The metric adopted to track progress is carbon dioxide (CO~) emissions? SSVs regional goal is to reduce CO: emissions in the Silicon Valley by 20% belo~ !990 Ie~ els by the year 2010. The K) oto Protocol. b) comparisom proposed a 5% reduction worldwide over the same period. California Go\ernor Schwarzenegger recenfl) called for California to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 2000 levels b) 2010. to !990 levels b) 2020, and to 80% be!o~ 1990 levels by 20~0. SS\~s 20% reduction target ~as announced public!) in Apri! 2003. and the first group of organizations officially pledged to join SSV in _March 2004 and work toward reaching this ambitious goal. SSV accomplishes its goals b) asldng its partners to make an ener~, management or CO; emissions reduction pledge; report their results annuall); and share best practices. SSV provides tools and resources through its educational forum, working groups and peer-to-peer networks. Pledging partners are recognize " publicI) for their accomplishments. The Index car’, be fcund at SVEP’s ~"~ ~¢, ~u’= at: CO em[sscrs are p__=nQ used as o prox to measure the e~rect~e,-ess o[ the ererg), use. Climate change, resulting from the buildup of human-generated greenhouse gases like CO_., is one of the most significant environmental challenges we face toda)~ The consequences of climate change are far-reaching and ~xill affect all of us on many levelst including increasing weather variability which can lead to tess rainfall and a decreased snow pack (thereby affecting water supply) as well as a rise in sea levels and flooding. Higher temperatures from global wanning can also impact air quality through increased levels of ozone. Reco~m~izing both the importance of climate change and the need to remain competi0ve despite the high cost of ener~" in the Silicon Valley: SSV initiated a regional voluntaU partnership and set a consensus- based, visionaW target to reduce CO2 emissions by 20% below the reNon~ 1990 levels by the year 2010. Partners in SSV choose their own baseline lear and set a CO-, reduction goa! to reach by 2010. Each pledging partner also chooses how to meet that target, whether by making energy efficiency improvements (e.g., new equipment), conserving enerN (e.g., behavioral changes), increasing the use of renewable ener~, sources (e.g., photovoltaic sys- tems), or purchasing green poxxer. Often, a combi- nation of measures is used. Improving ener~ effi- ciency has led to significant cost savings. Most human-caused CO_, results from the burning of fossil fuels such as gasoline, diesel and natural gas. In addition to bm-ning fossil fuels directly in cars and appliances like home heating systems, people create CO: emissions by using electricib~ most of which in the United States is generated by burning fossi! fuels. Fignare i shows the CO: emissions in the Silicon Valley (Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, and Alameda counties) due to electricit> natural gas and gasoline usage for the past 15 years. Values are based on annual electric enerD and natural gas enerD~ generation data supplied by the California EnerD- Commission (CEC) for the four counties. Carbon dioxide emissions ha~e been derived using standard conversion factors from the United States Enviromnental Protection Agency, (U.S. EPA) and \ore information supptied by Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG~E) about the vauing annu- al mkx of fossil fuels used to produce electricit> Although there is variation due to the economic dox~turn in the early !990k the trend is clearly upward. This is the challenge that SSV’s pledNng partners are addressing with their commitments to reduce CO: emissions.The value of this contribu- tion lies not so much in the current absolute num- bers describing their CO-- emissions, but rather in their leadership and example. With no effort to reduce CO:, as in Figqare l, emissions will continue to increase, economic fluctuations not-x~ithstanding. SSVg pledNng partners, however, show that this trend can be reversed. CO: emissions can be reduced over time. 4o C02 EMISSIONS IN THE SILICON VALLEY, 1990-2004 Gasoline {} Natural Gas (2004 estimate) [] Electricity Revised Figtuc 1 For more information on climate change visit: The executive summary of U.N.’s Iniergovernmentat Panel on Ctimaie Change (IPCC) report, at: wv~,w.~pcc.cn/: The National Oceanic & Atmospheric ,~,am~n~irai~on (NOAA), U.S. Depar men of Commerce, at: v~,ww.noaa.gov/chma;e.n~ml; The US Geological Survey (USGS) Climate Studies at: v,.~.,vv.<usgs.gov/science/’science.php?term= i68; The Frontier Research Center for Global Change (Japan) at: :vww.jamstec.godp/frcgc/eng/, and the VVorld Climate Research Program (international collaborative headquartered in Switzerland) at: vv:,v~.wmo.cn/vveo/,~vcrp/wcrpnome.mml~ Climate change, resulting from the buildup of human-generated greenhouse gases like CO:~ is one of the most significant environmental challenges we face ~oda~: The consequences of climate change are far-reaching ~nd will affec~ al! of us on many le~ els~ including increasing ~ea~her variability ~hich can lead to less rainfall and a decreased snow pack (thereby affecting ~ater suppl}) as ~e!l as a ~ise in sea levels and flooding. Higher temperatures from global warming can also impact air quality through increased le~ els of ozone. Recognizing both the importance of climate change and the need to remain competitive despite the high cost of energ> in the Silicon \hlleB SSV initiated a regional voluntar} parmership and set a consensus- based, visionary target to reduce CO: emissions bF if0% below the region~ 1990 levels by the year 2010. Partners in SS~ choose their o~a baseline year and set a CO~ reduction goal to reach by E010. Each pledging parmer also chooses how to meet that target, whether by making energy efficiency improxements (e.g., new equipment), conserving energy (e.g, behaviora! changes), increasing the use of renewable energy sources te.g., photovoltaic systems)~ or purchasing green power. Ofiem a combination of measures is used. Improving ener~, efficiency has led to significam cost savings. Energy Commission (CEC) for the four counties. Carbon dioxide emissions have been derived using standard conversion factors flom the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and from information supplied by Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG~E) about the va~,ing annual mix of fossil fuels used to produce electricit}: Although there is variation due to the economic downturn in the earl} 1990"s, the trend is clearly upward. This is the challenge that SSV’s pledging parmers are addressing with their commitments to reduce CO~ emissions. The value of this contribution lies not so much in the current absolute numbers describing their CO~ emissions, but rather in their leadership and example. With no effort to reduce CO~, as in Figure 1~ emissions will continue to increase, economic fluctuations not- ~ithstanding. SSV~ pledging partners~ howe~er~ show that tills trend can be reversed. CO~ emissions can be reduced over time. CO2 EMISSIONS IN THE SILICON VALLEY, 1990-2004 25 (~ 20 Most human-causecl CO~ results from the burning of fossil ff~els such as gasoline, diese! ancl natura! gas. .~ ~5 In addition to burning fossil fuels directly in cars and appliances like home heating s)stems, people ~ !O create CO~ emissions bv using electricit~ most of ~hich in the United States is ~enerated by l~urnin~ fossil fuels. Figure ! shows the CO~ emissions in the E 5 Silicon k~lle} (Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, and Alameda counties) clue to electricit}~ natural gas o and gasoline usage for the past 15 years, ki~lues are based on annual electric energy and natural gas energy generation data supplied by the California Figurc I For more infi,~rmaf, on or" clima e ci~ange visit: The execut ve summary of U.N.s 1ntergovemmenta Panel on C’~imace Change (IPCC) report, at: v.~,,s;ipcc.chi; The Natond Ocean:c & A~mospheric Admi~’4tra¢ion NOA:-:-L), U.S. Deparimeni of Commerce, at: wv.,:.’.noaa.gouic~imate.h~mi; T-~e US Geo!ogical Survey iUSGS Ciimate Studies at: r,~’.w.usgs.go.Tscienceisc~ence.php?term= i681 The Frontier Research Center for G!obai Ckange ~apani ai: S:,itzer and} at: 2.5 "3.5 The t~o graphs shown in Figures 2 and 3 compare in more detail the trends in CO: emissions over the past 15 )ears, both for the Silicon \:alley as a whole, as ~e!l as for the first group of SS\~ pledging partners. THE CHANGINGC02 EMISSIONS FROM SILICON VALLEY AS A WHOLE (1.990-2004) -4.0 As discussed above~ there was a pronounced decrease in \i~lle~-wide carbon dioxide emissions bet~een 1990 through 1996, reaching ~alues 94% belo~ 1990 emissions. This decrease coincided with the economic downturn in the region during this time period. A large rise from 1996 through 1999 brought the emissions to a Ie~e! exceeding [hose in !990. This rise from 1996 through 1999 parallels the su-ong regional ~dot corn" economic boom. Starting m 1999 and cominuing until 2002, emissions again dropped, reflecting the "dot corn" drop in the econom)~ Note that even at their lowest point in this period, these CO~ emissions x~ere still well abo~e the values at the bottom of the pre~ious economic do~turn. After 2002, the CO~ emissions continued to increase and are now at a Iev~l !5% above those in !990. Both the increase in CO~ emissions between the bottoms of the two economic slumps as ~ell as the 15% rise in emissions in 2004 compared to !990. highlight the o~erall up~ard trend of CO~ emissions in the Silicon Figure 2 shows the changes in the aggregate annual emissions of CO~ for the Silicon Valle? region from the )ear !990 through 2004. The emissions numbers are presemed as millions of tons of CO~ per year above or below emissions in the baseline )ear of !990. Figure 2 includes only stationaD sources of emissions such as factories, office buildings, and homes to facilitate direct comparison with the results of SSV participants. CO: reductions in the mobile sector are. hox~exer, included in the SSV goal. Mobile sources such as amomobiles and trucks account for more than ~0% of regional CO: emissions~ but so far. these sources haxe generally not been--with a fex~ exceptions--included in the goals or reports of SSV pledging parmers. Figure 3 presents changes in the aggregate annual emissions of CO: flom SSV partners during the period 1990 through 20On. Amounts are presented as thousands of ~ons of CO~ per year ~bove or below emissions in ~ b~seline year chosen by each SSV parmer. Each SS~ pledging panner designates ~ b~seline year (any year from 1990 onward), an emission reduction go~l rel~t~ve ~o tha~ ye~r~ ~nd f~cilities in ~he Silicon ~i~lley region ~o which ~he go~l applies. The displayed aggregate carbon d~oxide emission values are based on the annual reports submitted to SS~ by ~he individual organizations, and ~he values include only stationary sources of emissions. Future reports may expand ~he dam to include emissions from mobile sources. Only organizations providing annual dam for every year starung with their baseline year have been included in the figure. The data from the SSV partners presented m Figure 3 shows that the total CO: emissions in 2001 have decreased in comparison to the total emissions during their respective baseline >ears. Affecting this net decrease in emissions are increases in emissions from 1996-2000 and 2002-2004 as wel! as the imer~ ening drop between 2000 and 2002 0~a~ ~rack ~he economic cycles also seen in ~he Silicon Xi~lley as a whole, as described above. Both the Silicon Valley and SS\ emission results represent a sum of emissions from a mix of large and small sources. For the Silicon kl~!le): many small emiuers of CO~ and fewer la~%e sources contribute to the total emissions. In ~he case o[ the SSV pledging partners, the trends of the largest sources make a larger comribuoon ~o ~he overall u’ends since ~he ra~io of the number of larg~ emitters ~o small emiuers is much larger for SSV than for the Silicon X2~lley region as a ~hole. In particular, prior ~o the year 2000, uends are controlled by one large source and one intermediate source tha~ repor[ed dam for ~his ~ime period. :. Far more partners have reported data covering the time period beginning in the year 2000. Hence the data for this time period reflects a broader mix and a larger number of sources. Nevertheless, the total CO~ emissions by SSV pledging parmers have decreased, and total emissions in 2004 were about 6% below the total emissions of the SSV pledging partners during their baseline years. The leadership of SS\,g pledging parmers shows that reducing CO~ emissions is not only possible, it is also good business, as the profiles in the next section xxill demonstrate. THE CHANGING C02 EMISSIONS FROM SUSTAINABLE SILICON VALLEY PLEDGING PARTNERS The ratio of CO en-~issions io k’.,?\ih used is 0.47 !bs. CO iLWh, based on an average of fi:e PG&E eiectric t? energy mix for tl~e ~,ears i ,o90 - 2004 ~v, vc.v.pge.com; v::r:..svep.org). T~e average annua household energy use of 6.77 MV’dhihomeiyear is based on PG&Es 2003 cdcu!a~ion for Norfhem California, as published in PG&Es i0-K Report to U.S. Securites and Exchange Commiss:~on {~ :.v..pgecorp ~comiinvestorsi~inanc a _reporis/i. This con.ersion is based o~,, a.’~-~aa=~. ~ gas miieaae~ ~~ passenger cars in 200i of 93 .......9 m i=.~ per ~aa/ ~n and a, erage vehice miles uaveed or 12,,~,..,v miles per year from U.S. En,ironmental Protection,£.a:no, ~u~, .,~ 2003 re~ort. U.S. inventor.,, or Greenhouse Gas Emission, s and Snks 1oo~-900i Office of A~mos~her~c Programs. U.S. ~n’,dronmen~a~ ~ .... ~ ..... ~ Aaenc v",,asmna~on~ .... DC. F~a 430-R@3-004. This section highlights the organizations which, as of October 2005, have pledged to participate in the SSV CO_, emissions reduction initiative and have provided data. Businesses~ public jurisdictions~ municipalities and non-govermnental organizations reported data on the amount of electricity and natura! gas the? used in their operations. This section provides a snapshot of some of the ways in which SSV pledging partners are putting their ~oluntaD commitments to reduce their CO.- emissions into practice. Wherever the information has been made a~ailable~ a summaU for each pledging organization includes the following: o specific CO_- reduction targets and goals; °efforts undertaken to increase the percentage of renewable energy used, both in the form of purchasing green energ? (e.g. "green tags") and building on-site installations to produce renewable energy (e.g. solar power s? stem); highlights of best practices in ener~ efficienc? through technology and behavioral changes; cost sa~ngs and return on investment (ROD data; partnership and educational opportunities; highlights from each pledging organization. Pledging Organizations Save Millions of Dollars Several of the pledging organizations haxe achiexed significant cost savings by implementing various energy efficiency and conservation measures. The box be!oxx highlights some inspiring examples of such economic benefits. The cumulative energy cost savings realized for the following sampling of pledging organizations totals more than $20 million. Lighting retrofit and behavioral changes reduced ener~ usage by 66% in two years. "Acterra is pleased to join with Sustainable Silicon Valley in its inspiring q[lbrts to bring together the bca! business communiO’ to add~z~ss one q[ tod~y~ most crucial issues: the impact ~ caFbon emissions on our global climate. Through q[ficienqv and consen ation measm~s and ~ installing a solar energy ~vstem, Acterra has significantly ~vduced i5 fossil.tiM use. Finally, to meet our goa! ~ bring "cmbon neutral,’ ore: m7anization is now pro*chasing Renewable gne~X~ Certificates to q(fset emissions." Executix e Director~ Acterra Acterra, Action j-or a Sustainable Earth, is a non-profit educational organization, whose mission is to create local solutions that foster a health) natural environrnem. Serving tl~e Peninsula and 5ouch Bay communky for over 35 years, Acterra brings people together to address current concerns through positix e, informed and solution-oriented activities. Its programs include the Business Environmental Awards, Natixe Plant Nurse~: Arastradero Preserve Restoration Project, Environmenm! LibraU and Resource Cente< Sustainable Energy Program anti tl~e ~;Be tl~e Changd’ Leadership Training Program. Acterra becomes carbon neutral Acterra~ offices are located in the Peninsula Conservation Center (PCC), which uses just one third of the electricit? used in April 200!~ before the California energy crisis. This 66% reduction is due to more efficient lighdng~ high-efficiency air condkioning and changes in lnuman bebaxdor, pa}ing careful auencion to fl~ermosmt seuings and turning off the lights and computers when not in use. The building~ solar electric system generates about 17% of the elecmcity used, and the balance comes from PaloAltoGreen~ ahich is 100% renex~ able ener~- from the Cib of Palo Alto Utilities program. 90 ~o asNatural gas use at t}~e PCC has dropped b} approximately " o Acterra cominues to focus on conservation. For more information about PaloAltoGreen (PAG), tke City of Palo Alto Utilities Renev.,able Energy option, visit: ,.’/.,’<,,*< cpau.com ii~rograms /~reen /index. html. Agilent delivers tools and technologies tha~ sense~ measure and interpret the physical and biological world for a wide range of customers in communications, electronics, life sciences and chemical anal}sis. Focusi g on teclmical improveme ts & educatio To emphasize its focus on greenhouse gas reductions, Agilent conxerted its energy reduction goal to a CO: reduction goal in 2004 The companyg energy consumption was ~ectuced by 5% annuall} from 2000 through 2004 by making technical improvements (insta!lmg more efficient chillers and pumps), improving automation of lighting controls, and educating employees on resources conservation. Agilentg headquarters in Palo Alto. California, currently obtains 6% of its enmg} from solar and wind electric technologies. Thanks to its participation in PaloAltoGreem the company a~ otded >>>,180 lbs. of COz emissions in 200q. Agilents Santa Clara~ California facility ~xas the first corporate sponsor of the Silicon N~xlley Power Neighborhood Solar Program which insta!ls solar photo~oltaic s}stems to help power schools and non-profit organizations. Agilent Technologies v v v.agilm .com /sit Agients en.ironmen ai pages: v:~,v.aaii’ent.con~,.en,,ionn~enO’en’,iro~c~ent, tn?c~npid:44 i,7. Akeena enjoys free electricity thanks to solar panels! "Since joining SSV. wc havc solar electric system on ottr ottr monthly elccUic bill close ~o zero. XVc bdicvc that tahing advantqe ~[ one q~ the ample resources in Calil~vnia, the stmshine, is a perfect ~o positively impac~ the SSV has made tts aware and provided resources on additional ways we can rcdt~ce CO: emissions as a small s~ar~-tq) compa~: " President. Akeena 5olaf Akeena Solar is the largest national residential and commercial solar electric s) stem installer in the United States. It provides design/build services to customers so that they can produce their own reliable and clean electricit) directly from the sun. Aheena no longer buys electricity! Akeena is a company that ~alks the talk. After having installed a 6k\V solar poxxer system in Janua~3 2005 to proxide for all its power, Akeena Solar no longer has net electrical costs. In addition to its photox oltaic system, Akeena uses biodiese! in its vehicles ~vhenever possible, composts and rec)cles in the office, and uses florescent light bulbs. Several employees drive electric or hybrid vehicles and have installed solar systems on their own homes. ALZA Corporation. a Johnson & Johnson (J&J) Compan?: provides drug delixeD~ solutions with a broad array of technolog? platforms, including: oral, transdermal, implantable and liposomal technologies. ALZA partners with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to dexelop and manufacture pharrnaceutica! products. Closing the loop--using landfill gas for co-generation ALZA Corporation committed to reduce its CO~ emissions 7% by 20!0, using 1990 as a baseline. ALZA aims to reach this goal via energy efficienc) prqjects, on-site renewable generation, green power purchases and the purchase of landfill gas from the City of Mountain View for use in an on-site co-generation prqiect. As part of j&js ENERGY STAR Enhanced Best Practices for energy efficienc}] ALZA is ct~rrently reviewing its operations in the context of a !0-stage checklist listing 245 individua! energy best practices. The best practices list details the recommended upgrades a facility should consider to qualify for the Next Generation Goals. These encompass all of J&Js ~olumary pollution prevention parmerships such as ENERGY STAR buildingsl Motor Challenge~ & Climate Leaders.: ALZA has been implementing several actions which focus on energ~ efficient technologies and CO: emissions reductions. For more informa$ion about j~l’s ENERGY STi’,R E@~anced Bes~ Practices fo ep.,ergy efficiency, visit: ~vv.::. ni .comicom,mun ,Fien :ironmenti:,ndex. ~tm For n:o"e info:~ation on ENERGY STAR bu:,/dings visit: v:;.,v.eaergys~ar.govi For more information on Moor Cha lenge visii: energyefficiency, rc.cec.eu.n/moord~aiengei Fo: more inforn’,aion on the US EP~ Cimaie Leade.~s Prog am, vsit: z.:,,,..epa.govicimateeadersi BAY AREA AI R O~AL ITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT Tlne Bay Area Air Quality Management District (B,&4QMD) controls air pollution throughout the nine count) Ba) Area. Air District programs include regulating stationar) sources of air pollution, encouraging alternatives to drixing alone, use of loxx emission motor vehicles, and public education campaigns such as ttae Spare tt~e Air program.~ Energy efficiency is key to improving air quality Air quality in the 13a? Area has improx ed dramatically over the years~ but increasing vehicle use and energy consumption associated with population and employmen~ grox~h could undermine this progress. Improxing air quality and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are closely linked. M~jor sources of air pollution in fl~e Bay Area. particularl? motor x ehicles, also produce large quamicies of greenhouse gases. In addition, higher temperatures increase phoEocbemicaI reactions E!~ac form ground-lexel ozone and also increase emissions of pollutams that form ozone. Reducing energy use in motor x ehicles~ industrial and commercial facilities, businesses and homes is critical co assuring that Ba) Area residems breathe clean air. The Air District recenfl? established a climate protection program to highlight the connection between air pollution and climate change and to develop additional programs to reduce emissions. Building upon existing programs to reduce emissions from stationar? and mobile sources, the Air District will promote ener~ efficiency through outreach and education, data collection and analFsis, technical assistance~ and leadership and support for local efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Examples of current Air District ener~r efficiency activities include grants to fund vehicle trip reduction prc2jects and low emission xehicles~ working with cities and counties to promote smart grox~th, and collaborating with communit) groups on loca! ener~ efficient) projects. The Air District also is a member of the California Climate Action Regist~T:~ Turning dmtn the thermostat at the Bay Area Air @~ali(v Management DisMct. For more it, formation about t~,e Spare THe Air program go ro wv,,v~,.spare nea~r.org. For more ~nrorma ,on abo~t t}e~aurorn~a ~" .... CJimate ,’a.ctior, Registry program, visit: wv.;v.climaieregistry:org. Calpine Corporation is a North American power company dedicated to providing electric power to wholesale and industrial customers from clean, efficient natural gas-fired and geothermal power facilities. It is the world~ largest producer of renewable geothermal energ}t Pursuing a low carbon investment strategy Calpme Corporation> has pledged to reduce its U.S. greenhouse gas emissions by 4% per megawatt hour (M~ h) from 2003 to 2008. The company~ carbon effidency meu-iO~ is 0.268 metric tons per megawatt hour (m~iWh)~ which is slight!~ lower than the California average efficiency of 0.275 m~[Wh. It is far below the national fossi!-fuel fleet average of 0.877 m~[k~ h. In April 2005~ Calpine agreed to partner ~ith the California Energ} Commission and tl~e Department of Enm~g} in a geologica! carbon sequestration prqject in California. In .,May 2004, Calpineg board of directors unanimously agreed to a low carbon investment strateg7~ The year 2004 also marks the start of tl~e companys performance opmnization program, which over the next five years will reduce its fleet-wide heat rates> by q%. Calpine is a partner of the Climate Leaders Program as well as a member of the California Climate Action Registry program. For more information about Ca!pine’s Safer<, ~edih and Environment Programs, visit: :v,u,..,.ca!pine.comiabeu!,’oc_sab~;,.asp.Amouni of CO ’ ’ o-~r ~4\,w ’oroaucea of energy oroaucea. Cdpine supports programs at the federak regional and state levds that include appropriate reductions in CQ emissions a~d mame~-easea sdutions that ,,,411 rewara me transition from more carson-~nrens~ve generation re emc~en~ carbon-intensive generation and renev.ab~e powe~. Amount of fuel in mJ!ion Bri%h thermal units {MA’IBTU) to produce one kJov, att hour (kWh) of energy. Cisco S)stems supplies networking equipment & netxxork management for the Internet. Products include touters, hubs. and ethernet equipment. The compan) has been dexeloping advanced technologies in areas such as: home networking, tnternet telephon)~ optical storage net~ orking, net~ ork security and ~ ireless net~ orking. Fostering collaboration to get high-impact results At Cisco S) stems, designing and building environmentallx sensitive, cost-efficient facilities is an important part of saving mone) while addressing fine climate change issue. Cisco SFstems’ philosophy for new construction is to ~’plan it right," which means thinking about energy efficienc) during the design phase, before a building is actuaI!) constructed. Effectixe planning requires improxed collaboration betx~een groups with difl~rem expertise. ~;XX:e used to ha~e discrete facilities and maimenance groups, which is typical in mos~ companies. Now. ~hose groups operate together, kk;e"x e combined people who specialize in the design side with people who haxe da)-to-da) ~orking familiarity with the buildings to leverage each others knowledge.’~ sa) s Mike Laxazza, Cisco S) stems manager for operations and engineering. Cisco Systems’ new San Jos4 headquarters exceeds California’s building energ) standards by 15% to 20%. The energ) savings features earned Cisco S)stems $5.7 million in rebates from PG&E~ conserved enough energ) ~o poxxer some 7~300 homes~ and saved the compan) S4.5 mfllion per Fear in operating costs. CO: emissions xxere reduced by 23.3 million pounds per ~ear. Additional savings from equipmem upgrades and ne~x operating processes have reduced the compan)~ energ~ use b) about 12.4 million kwh per year~ and )ielded some S !.25 million dollars in annual savings. Located between San Francisco and San ]os4, Palo Afro is a community of approximately 6!,200 residents. Part of the Silicon \hlley~ the City of Palo Alto is located within Santa Clara County and borders San Mateo County,. Greening its energy portfolio The City of Palo Alto Utilities’ goal is to reach a 2098 renewable energy share of total electric supply before 2015. The City: has been reducing its energy use through, among other measures, City-wide implementation of the EZ Save application~ on all computers to reduce energy use b} turning off idle computer monitors. This easy-to-implement measure has saxed more than 200.000 per year and more than $17~000. Palo Alto also uses landfill gas to supply the sludge incinerator at the sewage treatment plant. ¯DO o.thereby reducing natural gas use b) -o Additionally, the City of Pa!o Alto plans to reduce CO: emissions bs 37% at Cit~ Hal! and at the \Vastexxater Treatment Facility by 2010, by installing new efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning technology. In 2004, thanks in part to its efforts to reduce its energy usage, the City: \’,on Acterra’s Business Environmental Award-’: in the "Medium Business" category: City of Palo Alto’s goal is to "green" its electricity portfolio by 20% be[ore 2015. EnerD" management software saves: $17.000+/yr. and 200.000+ kWh/yr. Natural gas used for sewage treatment plant operations has been cut in half thanks to the use of landfill gas. ’Tin rhriltccI to haw Palo Alto ioin*ng the 5t~stainabIc Silicon Vattcv @rt to ~dttcc gvecnhottsc gases- a necessity jot the p~vservation ~[ our flanct." Mayor. City" of Palo Alto For more information on ihe EZ Sa.e app!ication visii: CIT~ OFSANJOS CAPITAL OF SILICON VALLEY WI’~ ~,’4 Sa tlj oscca, gj)’~ San Jose is the largest city in the Bay Area, and the lOth largest city in the United States. The City, has a xer} diverse community, with a majority of minorities’ maMng up more than 50% of its population. Seizing the opportunity: saving over $13 million in energy costs since 2001 The City of San Jose has saved more than !00 million kwh and over S13 million in energy costs since 200! lay installing xariable speed ctrixes on water pumps, retrofitting lighting and heating, x entilation and air conditioning (H\:AC) systems, and encouraging city emp!o?ees to use energ? x~iselyc The largest sa\ings lnaxe been at departments \xith enterprise funds:n the Enxironmenta! Services Deparm~entA\:ater Pollution Control Plant. the Airport, and the Convention Center. In 2003, the Cit? of San Jose adopted a Sustainable Energy Policy and Action Plan. The purpose of the energ? policy is to create a community wtnere energy is generated and used m tlne most sustainable manner possible. The City has also created a Green Building Program which applies to all new municipa! facilities and reno\ ations over ! 0,000 sq. ft. Under this initiati\ e, the City of San Jose lays claim to the first Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED): certified public library in the xxorld. The City of 5an Josd’s \\~st \~alle? Librat3 is ttne world’s first LEED certified public library: Enterprise F’u~,d~ are used to account ior ooerations that are ~inanced and operated in a rranner simiiar to pri, ate busir,.ess enteror~ses ,,here ;he ,n~en~ of the go.ernir, g o~:. ~ that the ccsts and e:~penses inc!udina deoreciatior,} or ~ro,~amg acods cr ’ "OOSIS ,,ser,.ices to t~e genera{ puoc or a con}inuing ’ " be }inan~ad or recoverea ortmar ’,7 throuah user cr-aroes or for ooeratic, n5 for ,vnFch the governing %, has decided the F ~c inco~e s ao~roDriate fc capita ma nenar’ce, oub;c ~J>, maragemen~ ccn~re~:, acssuctabil>~ or cther ourposes. rat more infcrmat on abo~t LEED, visit the US Green ~ Santa Clara County [s located at the southern end of the San Francisco Bay and encompasses 1.3!2 square miles. \Vith a population of nearly 1.7 million, the Count)- is one of the largest in the state, and the largest of the nine Bay Area counties, Its population constitutes about one fourth of the Bay Areas total population. The Count)- of Santa Clara encompasses the following 15 cities: Campbell, Cupertino Gilro); Los Altos. Los Altos Hills. Los Gatos. Milpitas. Monte Sereno, Morgan Hill. Mountain View. Palo Alto San Jos~, Santa Clara. Saratoga and Sunnvvale Implementing broad-range equipment upgrades and energy During the height of ttae ener~- crisis that affected Califorma in 200! and 2002. the County undertook s~gnificant efforts to reduce energy consumption in County-owned and -leased facilities. As of FY 2004. these efforts resulted in an electrica! consumpuon reduction of almost 20~- as compared to FY 200! In order to achieve these results, the County invested over $3.2 million in energy conservation prqects, which generated $440.000 in rebates and energy cost savings of nearly $1 million per year Through these efforts the County has not only helped miugate some of the energy cost increases, but has also contributed to the preservation of the environment by reducing an estimated !2.7 million pounds of The County utilized a wide range of strategies to acMeve these results, includin~ formation of a special Emergency Energy Task Force to oversee the conservation efforts. Conservauon measures carried out bv the Count)- to reduce ~ts ener~ consumption include: Energy audits o \:~hter conserval~on projects dnsta!led " .!°w-fI°w~tevic7)tnsta!la~ion of real-t~me electrica! power reefers Installaticn of e ectronic thermostats Chiller replacemm~ts (replaced inaccurate analog thermostats) InstallatiOn 0f Coot r6ofs o Dex elo merit and impIementationP Lighting retrofits of energy conservation friendtv More energy efficient building procurement poIicies operating policies (e.g., raised °Installation and optimization Of heating. cooling set-points and reduced ventilation and air conditioning heating set-poims, reduced building economizers operating hours, etc.)o Adoption of PG&E~ "Savings by Design"-" Installation of lighting motion sensors guidelines [’or new construction by County’s Capital Programs The successfu! implementation of these measures required the commiunent and leadership of the Board of Supervisors and the County Executive, and of every County agency and department as weI!. The County continues its commiuT~ent to conserving energy and preserving the environment through its energy conserxation policies and practices. For more informationaoou,P’~2.~z’~ Sa:ings c,’;:’ ,_,,~ g,~-: ~ program, ,Hsit: ,,~,.v,,,.sav~nasbva’esian.com: ’ rive n t He~lett-Packard Company (HP) is one of the largest consumer and enterprise information technolo~ companies in the world. HP techno!o~ ranges from consumer handheld dexices to some of the world~ largest and most powerful supercomputer installations. buying ~ ~o green po~ er from PaloAkoGreen in April ofThe Hewlett-Packard Palo Alto site started / ~o 2004, and is doing so again this )ear. HP~ support of ~nd and solar power through PaloAItoGreen prex ents a release of an estimated 590,000 pounds of CO: into the atmosphere annually. In 2003, HP set a goal to achieve a 50 million kwh reduction in annualized dectriciU use globa!ly during 2004. The company exceeded its goa! b} delivering greater than 60 million k\\h in annual energ} saxings. Maintenance and operational improvements~ efficiency projects and ernployee inx olvement generated these savings. In addition to maintenance and operational improxements and efficiency projects (e.g. server energy efficienc} increased b} more than ,)> o) strong employee involvement and resonrces conserx ation education programs haxe been the ke} to HPg success in reducing its energ} use. Since 1992, HP has participated in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s ENERGY STAR voluntary ener~ efficiency program. More than 1~000 HP products are ENERGY STAR qualified. Oxer 9488 of eligibIe products [rom their Personal SFstems Group and 98.588 of eligible products flom their Imaging and Printing Group meet ENERGY STAR criteria. Becoming a star in the U.S. EPA’s ENERGY STAR® million monitor drive HP is a member of the U.S. EPA’s ENERGY STAR Million Monitor Drive~: which is intended to demonstrate how individual work habits can affect ener~’ conservation. As a part of this initiatixe~ HP changed the PC monitor setting on all of its computers vorldvide, automaticalhf shutting off monitors after twenty minutes of inactivib< This is expected to save 7.8 million kwh annuall> LifeScan, Inc. is part of the Johnson ~ Johnson (JAzJ) family of companies and manufactures blood glucose monitoring systems for people with diabetes. By diminating ~viping and timing procedures, its OneTouchTM Systems helped bring blood glucose testing out of the laborato~o and into the hands of patients. Implementi g green purchasing policies & buying "green tags" kifeScan sites in Milpitas and Cabo Rojo haxe realized combined ener&~ cost savings of S1.3 million per year through ener~~ conservation projects including heating, xentilation and air conditioning upgrades and chiller retrofits. These changes in technology are accompanied b} the implementation of purchasing policies that further reduce LifeScans oxeralI ener©, consumption (e.g. green purchasing policy). Furthermore, the company has allocated 5240 million for CO~ reduction projects, demonstrating top-management comrniunent to addressing the global climate change issue. LifeScan achieved a reduction of CO_- emissions ~’ ~’~ °~~,, _~.4 ~ (200 ! baseline) in 2005. In addition to technologies and policies that support this goal, purchases of green energy offsets (e.g. "green tags") also play, an important role in LifeScan’s climate change strategyq Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company employs about 130,000 people worldwide and is principally engaged in the research, design, development~ manufacture, and integration of advanced technolo~ systems, products, and services. The company operates 939 facilities in 457 cities and 45 states throughout the Committing to la ge-scale renewable energy purchases Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company has been participating in the PaloAltoGreen program since April 2004, xvith a commiunent to buy 150~000 kWh/month of renewable ener© from the City of Palo Alto Utilities. In 2004, Lockheed bought !.2 million k\Vh of renewable energy: ww~: loclzheedmargit~.com Founded in !939, the Ames Research Center has grown and e~ol~ed into a premier research facility in support of National Aeronautics and Space Adminisu-ation (NASA) and the scientific communit)~ Located in Silicon Xhll% NASA Ames has created partnerships ~ith leading unixersities and higla-technolog~ indusu-v leaders ~o push the boundaries of human understanding. Prqjects and researcln areas include astrobiolog5; human factors, ro~orcraft, information technolog? flnermal pro~ecfion, nanotechnolog?~ air ~raffic control. S~ratospheric Obserx a~ory for Infrared Astronomy. and the Robotic Lunar Exploration Program. Upgrading lighting and adopting LEED-based sustainable design principles Ames Research Center, a >ASA center with over 3.000 employees, has committed to reduce CO: emissions 30% by 2010 (based on !990 lexels). To date, Ames has re-lamped over 50 buildings with T-8 fluorescent liglnting (which has cut CO~ emissions bx nearlx 900 tons armuall\? and installed power-monitoring control s\stems in 10 buildings to enable remote monitoring and more efficient control of pox~er consumption during facilit) operation. Ames lnas also installed 10 kilox~ arts of photox oltaic arra) s on building rooftops. In the past year, Ames has been ex aluating lighting practices in warehouse areas where lights are on for long periods, such as Hangar 2, and posting signs to remind empl% ees to turn off lights in these areas when unoccupied. Since 1990, Ames has reduced its ox eraI1 energy use 94.000 MWh per year, x~lnich is a reduction of 30 KWh/square foot of facilities. In 2003. NASA Ames adopted LEED Silver rating principles to guide dexelopment of the proposed NASA Ames Research Park at Moffett Field and NASA Ames construction of facilities prqjects. As a result, all m~!jor new construction at Ames n!ust meet the LEED Silver rating, Oracle is one of the ~ orld’s largest enterprise software companies. For nearly three decades, the company has pro~ffded t!~e soff~are and ser~4ces that let organizations get up-to<late and accurate information from their business s) stems. Aiming to reduce building energy use by 20% below 2003 levels by 2015 The compan)s Redwood Shores campus~located in Redwood City--is corporate-owned and represents o~er 90% of OracleE total building area m the Silicon Valle)~ Oracle started an intensK e program for energ) use reduction in a subset of the Redwood Shores headquarters buildings consisting of over 1.82 million square feet of the near!) !.99 mi!lion square-foot campus. The subset included a!l headquarters buildings powered by the Oracle substation at the start of 200!, except the buildings on Island Park\\a)t Success in energ) conservation and efficiencF reduced energy use and power deman& and created enough spare capacity on the Oracle substation that the 163~000 square-foot tsland Park\va? buildings were connected to the Oracle substation in 2003 to leverage cheaper power rates and higher reliabilit)~ Since the California energy crisis of 2000-2001, Oracle has successfully managed to reduce energy use in this 1.82 million square-foot subset of its buildings. For example, Oracle saved 10.5% in energ)- use in 2001, 9.3% in 2002 !1.7% in 2003~ and !2.4% in 200q, compared to the base year of 2000. These savings ~ere achieved despite the [act that the actual number of employees in these buildings had increased .-’: OracleE policy is to maintain its facilities and mn its business operations in a manner that minimizes an) adverse impact on the enviwnment, improves its energy use performance and reduces~global greenhouse gas emissions. The companyE focus on ener~, efficiency, and conservation is primarily directed to lighting, cooling, heating, and other miscellaneous uses in buildings. The compan)’s computing equipment has been kept operating on demand, and Oracle has to rely on the computing equipment vendors to improve equipment ener~, efficient): However~ Oracle uses U.S. ER4 ENERGY STAR products whenever practical and available. Oracle has set a target to achieve energ) reductions in alignment with the Governor’s recent executKe order for the public sector, that sets energy performance goals for state buildings. This order calls for a 20% reduction in energ) by 2015 compared to the 2003 base year. This target at Oracle applies to building ener~ use and not to the computer-intensive applications such as data centers and computer labs. 2003 on ~ne state of California energy c~nser afion or: .w.v,v ~rac.org, mr,< energiieeca~l eeca~.pa. Pacific Gas and Electric Compan} (PG&E) ctelixers gas and elecu-icit) service to 14 million Californians. Nearl) 20,000 emplo)ees work togetlaer to satis~ customers and to firm more innovative, cost-efficient, and environrnema!ly responsible wa) s to provide these vital serxices. Saving energy instead of building more power plants PG~E deli~ers some of the cleanest electricit? in America. Serxing almost 5% of the United States population, they emit less than 1% of the U.S. CO_- emissions associated with the generation of electric power. PG&E is the first investor-owned utilib in California to have its im entoW of CO: emissions certified b? an independent third part)i the Climate Action Registr?~ which selected PG&E to be the private sector recipient of the Climate Action Champion Ax~ ard. In 2004. PG&E increased the representation of natural gas vehicles (NGVs) in its fleet to 882, \~ hich represents about 8% of its fleet. Also in 2004, PG&E a orked with the Stanislaus Counb Public \Vorks Deparm~ent in Modesto to open a compressed natural gas fueling station, which uiI! serve seven new Orion natural gas-fueled transit buses. The compan) has continued to identi~ x~a)s to reduce the leak rate of sulfur hexafluoride (SF):~ associated with insulating electrical transmission and distribution equipment. Since 1998, the company has reduced its leak rate b) more than 50% and absolute emissions of SF.. b) approximately ’~% Achiexing these reductions is significant because SF is an extremely potent greenhouse gas, approximatel) 24,000 times more potent per unit of weigbt than CO:. .... £mon3~ t~e sT× main ~oreen;~ouse gases con~ributino TO a,~bo~ ’:o~mino~ ~qF 5 ~he most 5~aF] ,.~ Doe,, ,t ~areenn°use gas io-da~e, Because ts G,o~o~ ;#/arming ....... oue is ~oF o~jg= non ~he one tc~ C©~ e~en smoii omounT aT SF: :,an ha.e ~^~’~ c motea sgn[fcant meoc cr :.~c~.~,change,s generated in c .,.are, of nd;stra erocesses. PG&E has pro~ded leadership in energy efficienc} : helping to establish the California Clean Ener~- Fund, which supports research and invesunent in clean energy technologies, including those that focus on energ} efficienc}: demand response, renewable generation, and the entire range of more environmemally friendly options for meeting load growth. It supports the adoption of new ener~ efficiency standards for electric appliances~ which will save close to 665 gigawatt hours of electricitF statewide. A total of fourteen statewide, four local and nine parmership energy efficiency programs have paid customers in excess of $57 million in ener~- efficienc} rebates, and achieved savings of 117 M\\I or 620~000 MWh--enough electricity to power approximately 91553 homes for a year. PG&E’s expenditures for customer energy efficiency programs have increased by S25 million through integrating energ} efficiency into their long-term procurement portfolio. Over the next decade, the} plan to invest nearly $2 billion in customer ener~- efficiency programs. Roche is a leading heakhcare company ~ith a broad spectrum of innovative solutions. For more than 100 years~ Roche has been active in the discover}< developmenL manufacture and marketing of no~el healthcare solutions. The company’s products and services address prevention, diagnosis and treatmem of diseases. Roche has two operative divisions: Pharmaceuticals and Diagnostics. Making a big difference for a small campus Roche has a corporate-wide goal to reduce energF use by 10% over the next 5 Fears. The Roche Palo Alto campus, with 1000 employees in 17 buildings on 64 acres, is well ahead of this goal. Since 2000, natural gas use has been reduced 32%, electricity use has been reduced 36%, year- to-date electricity use is down 7.7% from 2004. Energy cost savings in 2004, as compared to 2000 were more than $2 million for electricity and $780,000 for natural gas. In addition to being one of the corporations with the largest commitment to PaloAltoGreen, Roche Palo Alto was recemly certified by Santa Clara County as a Green Business. The Santa Clara Vallex \\<ater District (SC\’WD) manages wholesale drinking water resources and provides stewardship for the countyT five watersheds, including 10 reservoirs and more than 800 miles of streams and groundwater basins. The \\2ater District also provides flood protection throughout Santa Clara Count): In ovative technolog3, cuts CO _ emissions b3, 459,350 pounds SC\;WD~ Almaden headquarters campus was responsible for reducing approximately 459.350 !bs. of CO~ emissions from August 2004 to August 2005. thanks to the headquarters campus’ pbotoxoltaic generation of approximate!) 370,q50 kWln of electricitFt T1Ms was approximate!) 10% of the campus~ 3.5 million kwh annual electrical power consumption. The Dis~ric~ goal is ~o continue ~he !0% CO: reduction during d~e nex~ !2 months. Furdner, d:e District completed a m:jor headng, ventilation and air condidonhng (H\:-~C) replacement and s) stem renovation pr~zject tI:at ai!l significantl) enhance tlne efficient) of District~ H\~C system operadon. CEO. SC\~VD The Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter is a grassroots organization with over 24,000 members. It advocates for policies that protect and enhance our natural emironmenu offers hikes and outdoor recreation activi[ies for people of a!l ages, supports candidates for public office who have sho~ a comnmment to environmental protection, publishes an environmental news- letter, and provides volunteer opportunities for people who ~ant to help the environment and give back to the communtb’. The Chapter is governed by an all-volunteer Execu~t~ e Committee elected by the membership. Leading by example: inspiring its members The Sierra Club Loma Prieta Chapter, in cooperation with the Peninsula Conservation Center, has initiated actions to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions resulting from Chapter office operations. As a first priority: Chapter employees and governing committee members are encouraged to make behavior modifications in their travel to and from the Chapter office (e.g., carpooling, hi%cling, mass transit, teleconferencing), in order to reduce their personal greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouseooa<~ emissions that cannot reasonab!~, be reduced are then offset with equtxalent CO: savings achieved through tt~e purchase of ~Green Tags’~ or Green Certificates from 3 Phases Energ}~ which represent the environmenta! benefits created when electricity is generated from renex~ able resources (e.g., wind, solar, biomass, geothermal) instead of fossil fuels. SIERRA CLUB FOUNDED 1892 by johnson (Sample letter written on o~ga~dzation’s letterhead a~d sighted by a responsible officer of the o~ga~izatio~O Dote Ms. Jennifer Smith Grubb President Sustainable Silicon Valley 224 Airport Parkv,,,ay, Suite 620 San Jos~, CA 95110 Dear Ms. Smith Grubb: (Organization) is pleased to support the efforts of Sustainable Silicon Valley (SSV) and hereby commits to take part in SS\!’s Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reduction Initiative. The following facilities and their associated Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code are included in this commitment: 1. __(address); SIC Code__ 2. __(address}; SIC Code__ 3. __(address).:StC Code__ As we make this commitment v,:e understand that by (daie), v,.,e v,.,ilJ prepare a report to SSV for the facilities identified above for a tv,.,etve (12) monfl~ period. In this report v,:e ,..,.,ill identifi/: 1. a baseline reporting year for each facility, ] 990 or later; 2. a goal for CO emissions reduction (percentage and year) for each facility; 3. a normalizing factor (optional) for each facility; 4. the amount of dectriciV and natural gas used in each facility annually since the base year setectedl 5. the amount of diesel and/or gasoline used in each facili~, for any or all of the fotlov,,,ing: fleet, employee business use of personal vehicles, employee commuting (optional clause for each faciliV)i 6. a comparison of energy use (or CO emissions) reported for each facility in the current year to the base year; and 7. a brief description (one-iwo paragraphs) of some (two-five) of the key actions taken that led to the decreasing emissions of CO. We understand that this information will likely be shared with others as "best practices" and included in SSV’s annual reports with or without (at our option) attribution. Energy use will be reported either in kwh of electricity, therms of natural gas and gallons of diesel/gasoline or in pounds/tons of annual CO emissions. If v,.,e choose to normalize our energy use/CO emissions, vve will also include the normalizing factor in this annual report, if v,,,e get better data after submitting our annual report to SSV, for example, more accurate or comprehensive data or data certified by a third part},, we will submit the improved data. We also understand that the SSV Carbon Dioxide Emissions Reduction Initiative is a voluntary project; there are no sanctions for our failing to meet our goal. Nonetheless, we ,.,’,.,ill make a concerted effort to reach the goal established. The following person is the point of contact for our organization for this project: (name), (address), (telephone), and (email). Sincerely, Typed name and title Report Authors Christine Kohl-Zaugg I~co~@~Pulse Principal EcoPuIse 797 Matadero Avenue PaJo Alto Cahrorn~a 9-.406 www. eco-putse, com Diana Foss Coordinator Sustainable Silicon \a~iev SUS’r,~NA~[[224 Airpor~ Parkway, Suite 620 San Jose. California 95 ] 10 Saecial thanks to SSV Board Member Julio Magalh~es for his expertise in the graphical representation of the data. Design & Images Kaleidoscope Graphic Design ........Barbara Lee 35 Ralph~s Way HolJister. California 95023 831.634.1234 Printed by ImageX PrinL To the Power of XJ 6150 Stoneridge Mall Rd. Ste. 200 Cahrorn~a 94588Pteasanton.~" 925.251.5600