HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 446-08City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM:CITY MANAGER
DATE:NOVEMBER 17, 2008
REPORT TYPE: STUDY SESSION
DEPARTMENT: COMMUNITY SERVICES
CMR: 446:08
SUBJECT: Operational Analysis of the City Palo Alto Municipal Golf Course
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In 2007 the City Council authorized staff to proceed with an operational analysis of the Palo Alto
Municipal Golf Course ("Golf Course"). The operational analysis (Attachment A), was
conducted by Economics Research Associates (ERA), and provides information on the Bay Area
golf market and conditions of the Golf Course facility; and the current and alternative operating
models available for the Golf Course. The study found that, despite a Bay Area wide decline in
golf play, the Golf Course performance has been relatively strong when compared with similar
municipal facilities in the market area.
The ERA study and staff report recommends several actions for future success of the Golf
Course, which includes: making relatively minor but strategic investments in the Golf Course
infrastructure and operating structure along with actively participating in the planning of flood
control alternatives for San Francisquito Creek to find a balanced flood control / recreational use
solution that would benefit the Golf Course. Additional recommendations include .aligning tenant
.contracts to expire concurrently and to evaluate options to enhance Golf Course maintenance,
including the advantages and disadvantages of private versus public maintenance. Various Golf
Course operating models are described in the ERA report, each with advantages and
disadvantages. In the short term, no recommendation is proposed to alter the current operating
model until the flood control plans for San Francisquito Creek, which may impact the Golf
Course, are clearly defined.
Staff is presenting this report to Council for information and preliminary feedback. This item
will be placed on the Finance Committee agenda in the future for further discussion and
recommendations to Council.
BACKGROUND
The Golf Course was constructed in the mid 1950’s on 184 acres of flat former salt-marsh and
bay fill. The course was designed by noted golf course architect William R. Bell of Pasadena,
California. The Golf Course was designed as an 18-hole facility with a par of 72. The Golf
Course is a classic 18-hole championship course that measures over 6,800 yards from the back
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tees. The facility includes a large practice putting green, a three-building Eichler-designed-
clubhouse/golf shop complex and parking lot. In the mid 1970’s, improvements were made to
replace the clubhouse buildings. At that time, holes 3, 10, 11, & 18 were renovated under the
direction of golf architect Robert Trent Jones, Jr.
In 1992, the City Council initiated a Master Improvement Plan process (CMR 453:92) for the
Golf Course that would incorporate the findings of all prior studies, as well as look to the future
for necessary improvements to the aging facility. The firm of Halsey Daray Golf was selected to
prepare the Master Plan. Subsequently, in 1998, Certificates of Participation (COP’s) were
issued in the amount of $7,750,000 (CMR 357:98) to fund the master plan improvements, and
work commenced on the driving range, fairways, greens and tees in 1999. Due to escalating
project costs and funding limitations to make the annual debt service payment the COP issuance
only addressed 40 percent of the proposed master plan improvements.
The Golf Course is a City of Palo Alto General Fund operation. All excess revenues or shortages
are returned to the City’s General Fund. The Golf Course currently generates sufficient revenues
to support debt service, direct and indirect expenses, and City cost plan charges. There is no
reserve or replacement fund for the Golf Course, consequently; additional debt service is taken
on by the Golf Course when new capital improvement needs arise. The debt service for the
COP’s, which represents approximately $570,000 annually, will be fully retired in 2018.
Presently, the City has a management agreement and a lease agreement with Brad Lozares for
golf operations. As a result of Internal Revenue Services (IRS) debt issuance limitations, the
management agreement and the lease for the building are separate contracts. The management
agreement includes the following responsibilities: reservations; green fees collection; starting;
and marshalling services. The lease agreement for the building includes responsibility for:
managing golf cart rentals; the driving range; merchandise,sales; and instruction services. Mr.
Lozares’s management agreement with the City for operating the Golf Course expires December
31, 2009. The lease agreement with Mr. Lozares for lease of the building expires in April 2013;
the building lease also includes an option to extend the term of the concession 10 additional
years, if the option is exercised at the City’s sole discretion.
There is also a lease agreement with R&T Restaurant Corporation (R&T) for food and beverage
services at the Golf Course. The R&T lease agreement for food and beverage operations expires
April 20, 2018.
Golf Course turf and irrigation maintenance is provided by the City’s Community Services
Department, Recreation and Golf Division. The Club House and Pro Shop building maintenance
(exterior) and janitorial services are provided by the City’s Public Works Department, Facilities
Management Division.
The Recreation and Golf Division Manager of the Community Services Department oversees
daily operations that include coordination of services between the tenants and City maintenance
staff in order to provide a seamless experience for visitors to the Golf Course. The Real Estate
Division of the Administrative Services Department oversees tenant leases.
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Faced with increased competition in the regional golf market, challenges in the golf facility
physical product, and increased pressure on City finances, a study was conducted at the request
of former City-Manager Frank Benest, and funding was approved as part of the 2007 budget
process, with the following two key objectives:
a) provide analysis on the Bay Area Golf market and conditions of the Golf Course
facility; and
b) provide analysis of the current and alternative operating models available for the Golf
Course.
In 2007, a scope of services was developed and an RFP process followed to retain a consultant to
conduct the analysis. Economics Research Associates (ERA) was selected for their reputation in
the industry, experience conducting comparable studies for similar golf courses, excellent
references and reasonable fee proposal that met the City’s budget for the project.
DISCUSSION
The ERA report (Attachment A) provides detailed information regarding the Golf Course that
will help put into context how the Golf Course has performed in recent years in comparison to
nearby courses, along with recommendations and options for future success of the Golf Course.
Extensive public outreach was undertaken to capture the views and interests of stakeholders.
Among them were the Golf Advisory Committee, members of the Parks and Recreation
Commission, golfers who frequent the Golf Course, interested residents, and Baylands
enthusiasts, among others. A Golf Course survey was available at the course for six weeks and
2,500 surveys were mailed to golfers who frequent the Golf Course; 454 responses were received
and are summarized in the ERA report (Section V).
The study concludes that the Golf Course, as with others.in the region, has been .negatively
impacted by market forces over the last decade. With the entry of many new public and private
golf courses in the region, the market has become significantly more competitive. Due to this
extraordinary golf course inventory expansion, along with a downturn in the regional/national
economy, comparable Bay Area golf courses, on average, report a 17% decline in annual rounds
played from 2000 to 2007. The Palo Alto Golf Course has experienced a 16% decline in annual
play during this period. Sound management decisions, cooperation among the tenants, loans
from the General Fund, strategic maintenance choices and enhanced marketing have enabled the
Golf Course to continue to recover the costs of operations, fund related debt service, and to cover
City and Community Services Department (CSD) allocated overhead charges (Cost Plan). The
study points out that, despite the decline in play at the Golf Course, the operating performance
has been relatively strong compared to similar municipal facilities.
There are several options for the future of the Golf Course, each with its own set of challenges
and opportunities. The long term Golf Course operating models that the City may want to
consider include: Facility Lease; Management Agreement; City Self Operation; or a Hybrid
Model such as the City has currently. The advantages and disadvantages of these options are
described in Section VI of the ERA Report.
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In the near term, the choices for Golf Course improvements and/or Changes to the operating
model, which the City may wish to consider, will likely be influenced by the results of the
pending flood control plans for San Francisquito Creek, being conducted by the Joint Powers
Authority and the Army Corps of Engineers.
Consequently, below are three alternatives to help spur discussion on the future of the Golf
Course, with a focus on the possible impacts and opportunities the flood control plans for San
Francisquito Creek may present.
A brief summary of three possible alternatives for moving forward are discussed below:
I.Make no changes, and work with the Joint Powers Authority (JPA) for San
Francisquito Creek flood control to minimize Golf Course impacts
The flood control plans for San Francisquito Creek, being conducted by the Joint Powers
Authority and the Army Corps of Engineers, has begun with the key objective of identifying
potential options to reduce flooding along the creek. A list of short-term projects will be
complete as early as 2010, with the possibility of breaking ground on an actual project by
summer of 2011. The flood control plans for San Francisquito Creek remain an important factor
in planning for changes and improvements at the Golf Course because the creek is adjacent to the
Golf Course and, at one time, traversed the land occupied by the course. Some of the
recommendations that come out of the flood control study may necessitate modification of
portions of the Golf Course. One course of action may be for the City to work with the Joint
Powers Authority to find flood control solutions that have minimal to no impact on the Golf
Course.
The ERA report states that the Golf Course operating performance is satisfactory, particularly in
light of a very soft Bay Area golf market. Within the short term, two to three years, the operating
performance will likely remain stable with no significant change to the operating structure or
major investment in capital improvement to the Golf Course. The study does not identify any
urgent capital improvement needs or operational problems that need to be addressed in the short
term. On the contrary the Golf Course, as compared to the key competition, is performing better
than average. Given this fact, it is not unreasonable to, at least for the short term, make no
significant changes.
II.Actively participate in the planning of flood control alternatives for San Francisquito
Creek, to explore possible balanced flood control / recreational use solutions that
would benefit the Golf Course; and pursue strategic operational modifications and
Golf Course improvements as outlined in the ERA Report
This alternative is most consistent with the ERA report and is also the alternative that staff
believes to be the most prudent at this time. The goal would be to optimize financial performance
through some strategic investments while working closely with the Joint Powers Authority on a
flood control project for San Francisquito Creek that will enhance the golf course. The specific
actions under this option would include the following:
o Retain a golf course design consultant to work with the Joint Powers Authority
and City staff to design an environmentally friendly flood control project that will
CMR: 448:08 Page 4 of 8
balance flood control and recreational use solutions and also benefit the Golf
Course.
Align the two tenant leases and management contract so they expire concurrently.
This would allow consideration of other, potentially more effective and efficient,
operating options and a smoother transition of operation, should that be deemed
advantageous in the future.
Commit to a plan of cost neutral capital improvements, as outlined in the study
(summarized on page 1-12), to ensure the Golf Course remains competitive. That
is, proceed with improvements that are economically justified by increased net
operating income stemming from the improvements.
Recalculate the Cost Plan allocation for the Golf Course to a more traditional golf
course operation allocation. This would allow for excess funds to be set aside to
establish a replacement reserve to fund ongoing minor capital improvement
and/or more intensive maintenance.
Direct Community Services and other relevant City staff to further evaluate the
advantages and disadvantages of private versus public maintenance. The City
will meet and confer with the union on any labor issues which arise.
III.Embark on a significant redesign of the Golf Course with or without a concurrent
restructuring of the Golf Course operation that takes advantage of possible flood
control funds that may become available
The ERA report finds that the Golf Course is presently operating at a satisfactory level with
respect to cost recovery and annual rounds of play as compared to other comparable golf courses
in the region, and can be maintained as such with minimal additional investment. However, if the
City aspires to build or move toward developing a true destination or signature golf course, a
new vision would need to be formulated. This could take seYeral forms. For example, significant
design changes to the course could reflect more of a links-style course with wide-ranging natural
wetland grasses and round contours that provide undulations and slopes for a more unique
golfing experience. Another concept could be to extend the lake on hole 11 through the fairways
on holes 3 and 18 to create two or more signature holes. These would be unique, challenging
holes that would bring golfers back to play again. Moreover, this concept may include partnering
with an entrepreneur to build and operate a destination restaurant, one that overlooks the 18th
hole and vistas of the airport; a restaurant with appealing ambiance and character for residents to
take out of town visitors to dine.
Several members of the community share this vision in one form or another. They believe that
with the right people and private investment, it is possible to (reate a better Golf Course that has
a unique design, providing a long term competitive advantage in the market place. A
significantly enhanced Golf Course, coupled with a destination restaurant, could be a successful
strategy. Although this is a compelling vision, funding a comprehensive re-development project
at the Golf Course, even with possible flood control funds, would be very challenging,
particularly in the current economic environment.
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Related to the idea of a comprehensive Golf Course redesign, at Council’s direction, staff has
investigated the possibility of re-designing the Golf Course in order to create room for playing
fields (CMR 168:06). This concept was extensively studied by the Planning staff and also
explored by the Parks and Recreation Commission. In 2006, City staff and the Parks and
Recreation Commission concluded that the concept of playing fields at the Golf Course should
be deferred until the flood control options become more certain. Creating new playing fields
could be re-investigated as part of a comprehensive re-design but again this would add additional
expense which would be particularly challenging in the current economic enviromnent.
Staff Preferred Alternative
At this time, staff recommends pursuing Alternative II. This alternative entails making relatively
minor but strategic investments in the Golf Course infrastructure and operating structure as
outlined in the ERA report along with actively participating in the plalming of flood control
alternatives for San Francisquito Creek.
The goal would be to find a balanced flood control and recreational use solution that would both
improve creek flood control and benefit the golf course. Joint Powers Authority flood control
concepts include the Golf Course and provide a unique opportunity for possible Golf Course
enhancement if the City actively participates in the design and development of the project.
With regard to strategic investments in the Golf Course infrastructure and operating structure,
prior to the most recent economic downturn the golf market was expected to remain relatively
stable for the next three years, the current economic conditions will likely present new
challenges in maintaining a stable level of play. Although the Golf Course is performing
reasonably well today, staff believes maintaining the status quo (Alternative I) is too passive a
strategy in a market that is increasingly competitive and dependent on discretionary income.
Given the current economic climate, it is imperative to commit to strategic investment in course
improvements and maintenance practices to ensure the City is providing the best possible golfer
experience. This will maintain or improve the City’s place in the market and enable the City to
reach cost recovery targets.
Moreover, minimal cost neutral capital improvement, enhanced marketing such as the
implementation of online reservations and better course maintenance are all needed to ensure
long term success. Alternative III, which paints a more dramatic picture of change and redesign
of the Golf Course is a compelling option and remains possible. This option can be preserved by
addressing the issues of aligning contracts and lease expiration terms and addressing the
advantages and disadvantages of private versus public maintenance as outlined in Alternative II.
It also keeps open the potential for a more comprehensive re-design project that may have
additional recreational benefits such as adding playing fields.
RESOURCE IMPACT
Working with the JPA on a flood control / enhanced Golf Course design project will require
Community Service staff input, golf course design expertise, and public input. Golf course
design expertise may require consultant costs,
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In an attempt to maintain the standard cost allocation plan across City departments staff
recommends that, after further analysis by the Administrative Services Department, any
reduction in City Cost Plan charges to the Golf Course be reallocated within the Community
Services Department so as to not unfairly impact other General Fund activities. The ERA report
indicates potential savings of $250,000 to $300,000 to the City should the City pursue private
Golf Course maintenance. Staff will continue to monitor the increasing expenses, to employee
benefits currently at 50 percent of salary and determine if maintaining in-house operations is
more economically or operationally efficient versus contracting out services. Staff will work
with the labor union to ensure that, ultimately, the best services are provided to the community.
Staff will continue to monitor ongoing revenue and expenditures to ensure that the Golf Course
operation is a viable operation for the community.
The ERA report also points out the need for strategic capital investment in the Golf Course that
includes rebuilding of selective greens and bunkers and improved golf cart storage to increase
the number of carts in order to attract more and larger tournament play. The actual resource
impact is to be determined with further analysis; however, the goal will be cost neutral capital
improvement, as outlined in the study. That is, improvements which are economically justified
by increased net operating income stemming from the improvements.
As mentioned above staff recommends that the Golf Course study be forwarded to the Finance
Committee to work through the alternatives available to ensure ongoing success of the Golf
Course operation and to return to Council with a feasible plan on how to proceed.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
No environmental review is needed at this time. However, should a Golf Course capital
improvement project be considered at a future date all appropriate environmental review and
consideration will take place prior to approval. ,
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A:
Attachment B:
Economics Research Associates - Operational Analysis of the City of Palo
Alto Golf Course
Executive Summary (Bullet Point Version)
CMR: 448:08 Page 7 of 7
PREPARED BY:
ROB DE GEUS
Divisi Manager, Recreation and Golf
DEPARTMENT HEAD APPROVAL:
IETTS
Director, Community Services
Department
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
City ~akager
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