HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 297-08City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
ATTN:POLICY AND SERVICES COMMITTEE
FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: COMMUNITY SERVICES
DATE:
SUBJECT:
JULY 8, 2008 CMR: 297:08
HUMAN RELATIONS COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION TO AMEND
PALO ALTO MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTER 9.72 (MANDATORY
RESPONSE TO REQUEST FOR DISCUSSION OFDISPUTES BETWEEN
LANDLORDS AND TENANTS) TO VOID RENTINCREASES GIVEN
WITHOUT REQUIRED NOTICE OF THE TENANT’S RIGHTS TO
MEDIATION
RECOMMENDATION
Staff is forwarding the City of Palo Alto’s Human Relations Commission (HRC) request that the
Policy and Services Committee review and recommend that Council amend Chapter 9.72 of the
Municipal Code, which requires mandatory discussion of disputes between landlords and tenants, to
add language that would void increases in rents when a rental agreement, lease, or other written
document that changes the term of tenancy for a residential rental property is not accompanied by the
notice required by section 9.72.070 of tenant’s rights to mediation services. The HRC also
recommends a Communication Plan be implemented upon approval of the amended ordinance by the
City Council.
BACKGROUND
The City Council, at its October 15, 2001 meeting, passed the Mandatory Response Ordinance, which
provides a neutral forum for discussing rental housing disputes, including but not limited to, rent
increases. The ordinance amended the Rental Stabilization Ordinance to require landlords or
property managers who own or manage two or more rental units to register with the City’s Human
Services Division. It also requires landlords and property managers to provide written notification to
tenants about their fights to conciliation and mediation services on the rental agreement, lease or
other written document that changes the telrn of tenancy for a residential rental property. A copy of
the ordinance is attached (Attachment A). Specifically, the notice provision of the ordinance requires
that Palo Alto landlords include the following language in rental agreements and any written notices
given to the tenant:
’The Palo Alto Municipal Code gives you the right to mediation of disputes between landlord and
tenant. You must request mediation within 21 days of learning about the facts that created the
dispute. Contact the City of Palo Alto’s facilitation administrator [name, address and phone] for
CMR:297:08 Page 1 of 3
further information. The Palo Alto Municipal Code protects you from retaliation for exercising your
right to mediation. ’
A landlord’s failure to provide this notice is currently addressed in section 9.72.070(d), which
specifies that failure to provide notice of the right to request mediation may be punishable as an
infraction under Palo Alto Municipal Code section 1.08.010.
DISCUSSION
The Human Relations Commission, at its April 10, 2008 meeting, reviewed and discussed a report
drafted and presented by Mr. Martin Eichner, Director of Dispute Resolutions, with Project Sentinel
entitled, "Further Report to the HRC Regarding Amending the Mandatory Response Ordinance".
The report described the activity level for cases raised under Chapter 9.72 during the past seven
years, which included 162 cases opened, 114 cases resolved through conciliation or mediation and a
70.3 percent success rate for resolving cases. Excellent satisfaction from both tenants and landlords
who participated in the sessions was reported. A large majority of participants have said that they
would recommend the program to others. Despite the high quality of the program and given the
City’s population and the number of rentals, Mr. Eichner concluded the program has been
underutilized in Palo Alto, with only 30 cases in 2005, 29 cases in 2006 and 27 cases in 2007:
Compared with the City of Campbell, which has 5,300 rental units and has opened 215 cases
in the past three years, Palo Alto has approximately 6, 000 rental units but has only had 86
opened cases in the same period Project Sentinel concluded that the major reason for the
underutilization of the Palo Alto Program is due to the failure of Palo Alto landlords and
property managers to comply with the notice provisions of the ordinance by registering and
including the Notice of Tenant’s Rights. This conclusion was based on a review of rental
agreements collected by Project Sentinel in mandatory response eases occurring over the past
few years. In all the rental agreements collected, the notice language was omitted.
Mr. Eichner presented proposed language to amend the ordinance and cited other cities, including the ’
City of Campbell and the Town of Los Gatos that have language in their ordinances that voids any
rental increase when the landlord is out of compliance with the respective ordinances. Mr. Eichner
also stated that the administrative cost for the City of Campbell and the Town of Los Gatos to
administer the sanctions to their ordinances were minimal because landlords were eager to comply to
avoid the rental sanctions.
Ms. Kirsten Carr from the California Apartment Association, Tri-County requested a delay on behalf
of that Association until the HRC’s May meeting in order to provide time for the Tri-County
Apartment Association to investigate the situation with its members. She stated that the association
was uninformed that its Palo Alto members were out of compliance with the Palo Alto ordinance.
A lengthy discussion among the HRC Commissioners regarding that request followed, and several
members of the HRC articulated a need for more communication on the part of the City of Palo Alto
regarding the ordinance to "Mom and Pop" and mid-level landlords and the wording of the proposed
amendment to the ordinance.
CMR:297:08 Page 2 of 3
Commissioner Shauna Mora moved to approve Project Sentinel’s Appendix A- Proposed Language
for Amended Ordinance (Attachment B) with the inclusion of edits offered by Commissioner Jeff
Blum, who seconded the motion. After a lengthy discussion, the motion failed with three
commissioners voting in favor and three opposing the motion.
Commissioner Khan stated that she could support an amended motion for the proposed ordinance
amendment that contained a communication plan for conveying the requirements of the ordinance to
landlords that had the following elements:
o:o Communication using e-mail, website, or other means targeti.ng "Morn and Pop" and mid-
level landlords encouraging them to register and educating them about the ordinance
o,*° Similar notification about the ordinance targeting landlords already registered
°*,° A 90-day grace period for all landlords to register and comply with the ordinance
The motion to recommend approval of the amendment along with the communication plan passed
with four commissioners in favor and,two oppos~ed.
BOARD/COMMISSION REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATION
The HRC recommends revising language to Chapter 9.72 that voids increases in rents when notice of
a rent increase is not accompanied by the notice of tenant’s rights to mediation services. The HRC
also recommends a Communication Plan to advise landlords of the ordinance requirements be
implemented when the amended ordinance is approved by the City Council.
RESOURCE IMPACT
Based on experience of other cities with similar provisions, the resource impact is minimal.
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A:Palo Alto Municipal Code Chapter 9.72 (Mandatory Response to Request for
Discussion of Disputes Between Landlords and Tenants)
Attachment B:Project Sentinel’s Appendix A: Proposed Language for Amended Ordinance
PREPARED BY:
DEPARTMENT HEAD:
Division
;ervices
;er, Cubberley Center & Human
RICHARD
Director
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
STEVE
Deputy City Managers
CMR:297:08 Page 3 of 3
ORDINANCE NO. 4728
ORDINANCE OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO
ALTO ADDING CHAPTER 9.72 TO TITLE 9 [PUBLIC
PEACE, MORALS AND SAFETY] OF THE PALO ALTO
MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO MANDATORY RESPONSE TO
REQLYEST FOR DISCUSSION OF DISPUTES BETWEEN
LANDLORDS AND TENANTS
The Council of the City of Palo Alto does ORDAIN as
follows:
SECTION I. Chapter 9.72 is hereby added to Title 9
[Public Peace, Morals /~nd Safety] of ’the Palo Alto Municipal
Code to read as follows:
CHAPTER 9.72
MANDATORY REsPoNSE TO REQUEST FOR DISCUSSION OF DISPUTES BETWEEN
LANDLORDS AND TENAI~TS
9.72.010 Purposes and Findings.
declares as follows:
The City Council finds and
(a) There is an imbalance between the supply of and
demand for rental housing in the City of Palo Alto. The
imbalance is the result of both a shortage of rental housing and
overwhelming market demand.
(b) The imbalance between supply and demand creates
an "imbalance of bargaining power between landlords and tenants.
(c) As a result of these market and bargaining power
imbalances, Palo Alto tenants may be unwilling or unable to
assert their legal rights and other concerns to their landlords.
(d) Communication between landlords and tenants is
impaired as a result. Moreover, the Palo Alto rental housing
market is less respQnsive to the needs of tenants because
"customer service~ is not needed to attract and retain tenants.
(e) These impacts are detrimental to the health,
safety and general welfare of Palo Alto and the surrounding
region because the stability, security and quality of housing
opportunities are reduced.
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(f) These impacts can be reduced by improving
communications between landlords and tenants through a fair and
reliable process for the conciliation and mediation of disputes.
(g) Because effective communication must be ’~two-
way,~ it is essential that all affected parties be required to
participate in mediated dispute resolution.
(h) In order to further assure improved.
communications it is necessary to protect the parties to
mediation from retaliation for exercising the rights afforded by
this chapter.
(i) The City Council recognizes that it is important
to monitor and improve the processes established in this chapter
on a periodic basis.
9.72.020 Mandatory Discussion of Rental Housing Disputes.
All persons (landlords and tenants) residing in, owning,
or managing residential rental property to which this chapter
applies shall participate in the conciliation and mediation of
rental housing disputes as provided in this chapter. The
definitions applicable to this chapter appear in Section
9.72.080.
9.72.030 Applicability.
This chapter shall apply to residential rental property
as follows:
(a) Any residential rental property containing two or
more dwelling unitsl except two-unit residential rental property
in which one of the units is.owner-occupied or
(b) Any residential rental property that is owned by
a person or legal entity that owns two or more residential
rental properties within the City.
9.72.040 Dispute Resolution Process.
(a) Any tenant or landlord~may request mandatory
discussion of rental housing disputes by filing a written
request for dispute resolution within 21 days of learning the
facts that give rise to the dispute. The request must be filed
011206 ~m 0052770
with the City’s Facilitation Administrator, and must provide
enough factual information to outline the basic issue or issues
being raised.
(b) Within 7 days of receiving a written request for
dispute resolution, the Facilitation Administrator will notify
both tenant and landlord that a case has been opened and will
provide a copy of the request to the responding party. The
Facilitation Administrator wil! also initiate a conciliation
process, to be undertaken by the Facilitation Administrator,
other City staff, or a Mediator, before mediation.is scheduled.
(c). The Facilitation Administrator will not open
dispute resolution, or will order dispute resolution closed,
when it is clear from the written re<[uest that there is no
substantial factual basis for the dispute, or when thedispute
involves the actions or behavior of persons, or conditions, that
are not within the control or responsibility of the parties; or
when the dispute is frivolous, malicious or vexatious; or when
further proceedings are not, in the sole judgment of the
Facilitation Administrator, likely to be productive. Both
parties will be notified of the Facilitation Administrator’s
action and shall have access to the case summary, forms used by
the Facilitation Administrator, which will not contain any
confidential communications from the parties. The Facilitation
Administrator will also order dispute resolution closed if the
parties agree to engage a mediator of their own choice, so long
as the party who requests the mediator agrees in writing to bear
all costs related to that service.
(d) The Facilitation Administrator will promptly
assign the request to a mediator who will contact all relevant
parties to conciliate and mediate the dispute. The Facilitation
Administrator shall have the authority to combine different
disputes or different parties in the interest of efficiently
addressing the disputes, provided that any party may, for
reasons of confidentiality or otherwise, opt out of a combined
mediation involving more than one tenant or landlord by
notifying the Facilitation Administrator. All communications
between the Facilitation Administrator and the parties as well
as between the mediator or conciliator and the parties shall be
confidential ahd subject to the confidentiality guarantees set
forth in California Evidence Code sections 703.5 and 1115-1128,
as they may be amended or superseded. The mediator assigned to
the case will p~omptly investigate and if necessary disclose any
conflict of interest or potential conflict of interest to the
parties as soon as the conflict or potential conflict becomes
Ol 1.20(~ sm 0052770
known to the mediator. At the time of disclosure, the parties
will have the option of waiving any such conflict as~iong as the
waiver is in writing. The City shall not be obligated to incur
any financial obligation in order to assign a mediator. A
mediator will not be assigned if there are not qualified
volunteers available without cost tothe City or parties.
(e) No mediation will.be scheduled until at least 14
days after the parties are notified in order to allow time for
conciliation efforts before mediation. Unless all parties agree
in writing to waive the time limit, the initial mediation
~session will be conducted within 28 days of the date the written
request for dispute resolution is filed. The landlord’s
business location shall be considered so that the mediation will
be scheduled at a reasonably convenient time taking into account
the distance that the landlord must trave! to attend the
mediation.
(f) If a mediation session is held, the mediator
shall provide the parties with an opening statement explaining
the nature of the process and the ground rules. Thereafter the
mediator will determine t~e manner and course of the session,
including whether to meet with the parties in. caucus, provided
that the general guiding principle will alway@ be to provide the
parties with a full opportunity to air the concerns giving rise
to the dispute.
(g) The landlords and/or tenants involved in the
dispute shall be obligated to personally appear at a mediation
session scheduled by a~ mediator. All parties must participate
in the mediation session until completion of the mediator’s
opening statement. All parties appearing must have the legal
authority to resolve disputes arising under this chapter.
Participation in mediation shall be voluntary in all respects
after the opening statement. The Mediator may, with the consent
of al! parties, schedule additional sessions as needed.
(h) No party shall be obligated to reach any specific
agreement, or to reach any agreement at al!, as a result of
participating in conciliation or mediation communications. If
an agreement is reached, it will be stated in writing by the
mediator or by the parties.Any such agreement shall be
confidential and will not be enforceable or usable for any
purpose outside the dispute resolution process, unless all
signatories agree that the document can be disclosed or used in
other proceedings. "
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9.72.050 Property Registration.
(a) The landlord of each residential rental property
within the City shall register the unit or units with the City,
regardless of whether the residential rental property .is listed
in section 9.72.030. The registration shall incl~de the name
and mailing address of the owner or owners of the property, as
well as the name, mailing address and contact telephone number
of the person having the legal authority to effectively resolve
disputes ~rising under this chapter.
(b) For the sole purpose of reimbursing the City of
Palo Alto for the reasonable costs of maintaining property
registration records and related administrative SYstems, the
owner or manager of each residential rental unit to which this
chapter’ applies’ shall pay a fee in an amount to be set by the
Palo Alto City Council.
9.72.060 Retaliation Prohibited.
No landlord or tenant who has been a party to
conciliation and mediation of rental housing disputes: pursuant
to this chapter may undertake or cause any type of retaliatory
act or omission against another party as a result of the other
party having invoked or participated in the dispute resolution ~
process. The Facilitation Administrator upon request shall
review an act or omission, including a notice of eviction or an
unlawful detainer action, which occurs within six months of the
party’s participation in conciliation and mediation of renta!
housing disputes, unless the e~iction or action is the result of
the unjustified failure or refusal to pay rent. In the event
that the Facilitation’ Administrator concludes that there is
sufficient evidence to investigate an act or omission of
retaliation under ~his provision, the relevant facts will be
referred to the city attorney for appropriate remedial action.
9.72.070 Notice of Tenant’s Rights.
(a) Every rental agreement, lease, or other written
document evidencing or changing the terms of tenancy for a
Residential Rental Property to which this chapter applies shall
include or be accompanied by the following: A notice
summarizing the rights afforded by this chapter, including but
not limited to the protection against retaliation; and the name,
address and telephone number of the Facilitation Administrator.
The Facilitation Administrator shall prepare and publish
acceptable notification language, including the name, address
011206 sm 0052770
and phone number of the City’s Facilitation Administrator. The
notification shall be capitalized text at least 14 points in
size and shall state:
~THE PALO ALTO MUNICIPAL CODE GIVES YOU THE RIGHT TO MEDIATION
OF DISPUTES BETWEEN L!Ib-DLORD ~ TENANT.YOU MTJST REQUEST
MEDIATION WITHIN 21 DAYS OF LEARNING ABOUT THE FACTS THAT
CREATED THE DISPUTE.CONTACT THE CITY OF PALO ALTO’S
FACILITATION ADMINISTRATOR [namei address and phone] FOR FURTHER
INFORM~ATION. THE PALO ALTO MX!NICIPAL CODE PROTECTS YOU FROM
RETALIATION FOR EXERCISING YOUR RIGHT TO MEDIATION.~
(b) The notification shall be provided in English,
Spanish, Chinese and Russian in the translated form prepared and
published by the Facilitation Administrator.
(c) Failure to provide this notification shall result
in an automatic extension of the 21 day time limit for filing a
written request for dispute resolution pursuant to section
9.72.040(a). The automatic extension shall remain in effect
until 21 days after written notification is provided by the
landlord.
(d) Failure to provide the notification shall be
punishable pursuant to Palo Alto Municipal Code section 1.08.010
only if the landlord has been given written notification from
the City that informs the landlord of its obligations pursuant
to this section. The written notification to the landlord may
be provided by any reliable means of communication, but shall be
deemed received if sent via certified mail, postage prepaid,
return receipt requested. The written notification may be in
the form of a ~copy of this chapter. Copies of this chapter
shall be provided to any Palo Alto landlord or tenant without
cost upon request.
9.72.080 Definitions.
For the purpose of this chapter, the following terms are
defined as follows:
(a) ~Conciliation" means a confidential telephone
call or other contacts by a mediator or the Facilftation
Administrator with .a landlord and tenant for the purpose of
resolving a 9ental housing dispute.
011206 sm 0052770
(b) "Facilitation Administrator" means the person or
entity responsible for the routine case intake, mediator
assignment and other administrative duties of the dispute
resolution process established by this chapter.
(c) "Landlord" means the owner or property manager
exercising effective control over the terms and conditions of
the tenancy of a residential rental property, including a person
with such control delegated through a durable power of attorney.
(d) "Mediation" means a meeting in which landlord and
tenant have the opportunity to communicate with a mediator and
each other in a face-to-face setting at a neutral location in
order to resolve a rental housing dispute under ground rules
designed to protect the confidentiality and neutrality of the
communications.
(e) ~Mediator~ means a person who is certified to
have completed at least 40 hours of basic mediation training
with subsequent advanced training, and who has also participated
as a mediator or co-mediator in at least i0 mediations conducted
under the .auspices of a recognized community or commercial
mediation program, and who has.agreed (in a form acceptable to
the Facilitation Administrator) to a statement of mediation
ethics and principles, including an acknowledgement of the duty
to disclose any conflicts of interest in any specific case.
(f) ~Rental Housing Dispute" means a fact-based
grievance raised by any tenant, owner, or property manager
regarding the occupancy or use of rental property limited to
rental, rate increases, deposits, repairs and maintenance,
utilities, occupants, parking and storage facilities, privacy,
quiet enjoyment, or use of common areas.
(g) "Residential Rental Property" means any housing
structure occupied ~s a dwelling or offered for rent or lease as
a dwelling, whether at<ached, detached, single or multiple-
family.
(h) ~Tenant~ means the. person or entity entitled to
occupy a residential rental property at the time that the rental
housing dispute arises.
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011206 8m 0052770
9.72.090 Penalties.
(a) Violations of this chapter shall be punishable as
infractions pursuant to Palo Alto Municipal Code section
1.08.010.
SECTION 2. The City Manager ±s directed to return to
the City Council in approximately 12 months with a status report
on the implementation of this Ordinance. The status report
shall be provided no more than 14 months after the effective
date of this Ordinance. The status report should include any
recommendations for amendment of the scope of issues defined as
Rental Housing Dispuges.
SECTION 3. Any fees imposed pursuant to this Ordinance
shall be for the purpose of cost recovery only and shall not
exceed the cost of providing any services. This section is
declaratory of existing law.
SECTION 4. The Council finds that this ordinance is
exempt from the provisions of the California Environmental
Quality Act because it can be seen with certainty that there is
no possibility that the ordinance will have a sisnificant effect
¯ on the environment.
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011206 mm 0052770 8
SECTION 5. This ordinance shall be effective on the
third day of January, 2002.
INTRODUCED: November 13, 2001
PASSED: December 3, 2001
AYES:BEECHAM,BURCH, EAKINS,
WHEELER
KLEINBERG, LYTLE, OJAKIAI~,
NOES:
A~SENT: FAZZINO, NOSSAR
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST :
Ci~ Attorney
ORDiNANCF. DULY PASSED BY TH£ COUN(~IL ~ ’ ,",~
OF THE CI~ OF PALO ALTO AND ,~
DAYSOFITS PASSAGe) ’ .,.~"’ ¯
of periury that the forego}ng is tf~B 5,
V]~Mayor
Cit anager ~
Director of Community
Services
Director of ~dministrative
S rvices /
011206 sm 0052770
APPENDIX A -Proposed Language for Amended
Ordinance
(a)
Notice of Tenant’s Rights
Every rental agreement, lease, or other written document evidencing or changing the
terms of tenancy for a Residential Rental Property to which this chapter applies shall
include the following: A notice summarizing the rights afforded by this chapter,
including not limited to the protection against retaliation; and the name, address and
telephone number of the Facilitation Administrator. The Facilitation Administrator
shall prepare and publish acceptable notification language, including the name,
address and telephone number of the Facilitation Administrator. The notification
shall be in capitalized text at least 14 points in size and shall state:
’THE PALO ALTO MUNICIPAL CODE GIVES YOU THE RIGHT TO ENGAGE
IN MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICES IN DISPUTES BETWEEN
LANDLORD AND TENANT. YOU MUST REQUEST DISPUTE RESOLUTION
WITHIN 21 DAYS OF LEARNING ABOUT THE FACTS THAT CREATED THE
DISPUTE. CONTACT THE CITY OF PALO ALTO’S FACILITATION
ADMINISTRATOR [name, address and phone] FOR FURTHER INFORMATION.
THE PALOALTO MUNICIPAL CODE PROTECTS YOU FROM RETALIATION
FOR EXERCISING YOUR RIGHT TO SEEK DISPUTE RESOLUTION
SERVICES PURSUANT TO THE MUNICIPAL CODE.
(b)The notification shall be provided in English, Spanish, Chinese and Russian in the
translated form prepared and published by the Facilitation Administrator..
(c)Failure to provide this notification shall result in an automatic extension of the 21-
day time limit for filing a written request for dispute resolution pursuant to section
9.72.0404(a). The automatic extension shall remain in effect until 21 days after
written notification is provided by the landlord.
(d)Failure of a landlord to comply with the notice provisions described above shall
render any rental increase notice void and unenforceable and shall provide the tenant
with a defense in any legal action brought by the landlord to collect rent in whole or
in part based on the amount of the rental increase, including any unlawful detainer
action based on failure to pay rent which includes an unenforceable rental increase
amount as a basis for all or part of the unpaid rent alleged in that action. The failure
to comply with the notice provisions will be cured only after the proper written
Notice of Tenant’s Rights, along with a new rental increase notice, has been properly
served on the tenant.