HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 292-08TO:
FROM:CITY MANAGER
City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
DEPARTMENT: POLICE.
3
DATE:
SUBJECT:
JULY 7, 2008 CMR:292:08
ACCEPTANCE OF TRANSMITTAL OF POLICE AUDITOR SEMI-
ANNUAL REPORT
RECOMMENDATIONS
Staff is transmitting the attached the first report for 2007-2008 provided by the Police Auditor for
Council acceptance.
DISCUSSION
On September 10, 2007,:the City Council voted to extend the agreement with Michael J. Gennaco and
Robert Miller of the OIR Group to serve as the City’s Police Auditor. A requirement of the contract is
for the Auditors to provide two reports per year summarizing their findings and reporting on each
investigation and disposition. Attached is the first report for 2007-2008 (September 2007-March 2008).
RESOURCE IMPACT
The agreement with OIR Group is in the amount not to exceed $52,000. Since September 2007,
$14,506 has been expended.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
This report is consistent with City policies.
ATTACHMENTS
2007-2008 Police Auditor First Report
CMR:292:08 Page 1 of 2
PREPARED BY:Lyrme Johnson, Police Chief
DEPARTMENT HEAD:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
Police Chief
STEVE EMSLIE
Deputy City Managers
CMR:292:08 Page 2 of 2
INDEPENDENT POLICE
AUDITOR’S INTERIM REPORT
Presented to the Honorable City Council
City of Palo Alto
May 19, 2008
Prepared by Michael Gennaco
and Robert Miller
OIR Group
323-890-5425
www.laoir.com
Palo Alto Independent Police Auditor
Interim Report for 200712008
I.The First Report ~
This report is the first of two reports covering the second year of the Independent
Police Auditor’s work with the Palo Alto Police Department. It reports on investigations
initiated and complaints considered since the publication of the first year Final Report
and provides updated information regarding investigations that had not yet been fully
resolved at the time the Final Report was released. Additionally this Report updates the
work the Auditor and the Police Department have engaged in with regard to systemic
issues. Included in that discussion are further assessments of ways to optimize the
communication between the Department and the IPA.
Finally, this report also covers the Auditor’s review of all applications of the
Taser by PAPD personnel in the course of detention and arrest of suspects. This
addresses the mandate of the Palo Alto City Council that the IPA expand its purview to
include Taser-related incidents.
II. Taser Incidents
In May of 2007, the City Council accepted and approved the recommendation of
the Taser Task Force, which the Council had appointed several months earlier, to
authorize the purchase and use of Tasers by patrol personnel of the Palo Alto Police
Department. Pursuant to Council approval, the Department purchased Tasers and put all
personnel through a two-day training program in September 2007. Pursuant to the
recommendations of the Taser Task Force, the Department also drafted an extensive
written policy to provide guidelines for use of the Taser, attention to the medical needs of
suspects, and preservation and documentation of evidence.
We observed all aspects of the 17-hour Taser training. The training program had
been designed by the Department and was taught entirely by PAPD training personnel.
This combined the skills that PAPD trainers had previously learned from the
manufacturer with their knowledge of the needs and specifics of their colleagues and the
community, and the specific guidance and nuances of the PAPD Taser use policy. The
practical portion of the training was scenario-based and focused on tactically sound as
well as humane decision-making in the field under a wide variety of circumstances.
Officers were given considerable time and hands-on experience to absorb the lessons and
the opportunity to debrief the issues and discuss alternative scenarios. We were generally
impressed with the care and thought that went into the planning and execution of this
training process. Particularly impressive were the time and resources devoted to the
Taser training. For example, we are personally aware of other law enforcement agencies
that provide much less training, and in at least one instance only two hours of Taser
training. The seventeen hours of training per officer that PAPD devoted will provide
personnel with a strong foundation in the appropriate use of the Taser as a force option.
It is expected that three other important factors will assist the Department in
minimizing tactical errors or other problems in the field. First, there are now a
proportionally large number of qualified Taser trainers in the Department. This will
make it easier for all personnel to maintain a high skill level. Second, the Department has
acknowledged that Taser capability, like all weapons skills, is perishable and has
committed to providing and requiring annual refresher training. Third, the Department
has opted for the Taser model that has a built-in video camera. This provides an
invaluable tool for reviewing tactical decisions and general circumstances in deployments
of the Taser.
Since the introduction of the Taser as standard equipment for all Palo Alto PD
patrol officers, Department members have applied the Taser in the field to two persons in
separate incidents. One has been fully reviewed [see below]; the second one was recent
and is still pending.
In the first quarter, since the implementation of Tasers, in addition to one full
application of the Taser, PAPD officers have displayed and pointed the Taser to assist an
arrest on seven occasions. In these cases, suspects complied with police demands when
they saw the Taser or the laser sight and no force was used beyond handcuffing.
Taser Use of Force #1 - Incident 07.6412
A man had been involuntarily committed to the hospital for a mental health
evaluation. He was then discharged. Shortly after his discharge, hospital personnel,
accompanied by PAPD, went to the man’ s home to request that he return to the hospital
for medical treatment. The man refused and indicated that officers would have to shoot
him before he would agree to return to the hospital. Because there was no involuntary
commitment order in place, PAPD did not take any steps at that time to involuntarily take
the man to the hospital.
The next day, the doctors determined that the man needed to be placed on a
mental health hold since his psychiatric condition presented a danger to himself and they
prepared the paperwork necessary for an involuntary commitment. A psychiatric nurse
familiar with the man’s mental health history arranged for paramedics to be present and
asked the police to assist if necessary to execute the involuntary commitment. At first the
man was cooperative, but he then refused to go. When police officers approached him,
he became agitated. The officers backed off until a supervisor arrived. The officers
approached again in an attempt to gain the man’s confidence, but he lunged toward them
and kicked the supervisor. As the officers backed away, another supervisor discharged
the Taser and cycled it twice so that officers could handcuff the man. The man then
complied with directions. EMT monitored his health during transport to the hospital. He
was combative when he arrived and medical personnel sedated him so that he could be
medically treated. The only injury suffered by the man was a Taser dart puncture.
The documentation of the incident was thorough. The Taser video was personally
reviewed by the IPA and comported with the account of the incident documented in the
written reports. This Taser application appeared to comply with Department policy. It
was learned during the review that the responding officers and supervisor were not
specifically informed of the man’s medical condition. Had they been alerted more
definitively to his medical background, his condition may have caused him to be
considered "infirm" as defined by the PAPD’s Taser use policy. Even if, however, the
man had been considered infirm, the policy does allow for use of the Taser on "infirm"
individuals under exigent circumstances. Since in this scenario the Taser was used as a
defense to the man’ s unexpected kicking of the supervisor, the circumstances could well
be considered as "exigent."
That said, it might have been prudent for responding PAPD officers to attempt to
learn about the medical condition of the person that was being returned to the hospital.
That discussion between medical staff and police personnel could have caused a helpful
dialogue between medical experts and the police regarding the potential effect of Taser
use on an individual compromised by a medical condition. Armed with that expert
advice, responding PAPD personnel could then have considered the additional
information in determining the appropriateness of the Taser as a force option.
Accordingly, we recommend that when PAPD officers deal with an individual
believed to have a medical condition, they make a reasonable attempt to determine the
precise nature of that condition and, when practicable, attempt to obtain a medical
opinion about any impact the deployment of a Taser might have on that condition.1 Under
those guidelines, a more educated choice about force options and their potential
ramifications can then be made. We also recommend that the Department use this episode
as a briefing and teaching tool to communicate this premise to its personnel. We have
1 It is important to note that federal and state medical privacy laws are among the obstacles that may make
it impractical in many situations for officers to obtain the relevant medical information in a timely fashion.
However, we would be surprised if the on scene nurse in this case would have refused on those grounds to
answer a question from police officers about whether there was anything about the man’s health that would
contraindicate the deployment of the Taser.
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discussed these recommendations with Chief Johnson and she has agreed to implement
them.
Taser Use of Force #2 - Incident 08-1777
Responding to a citizen complaint, officers went to check on a parked van in
which someone appeared to be living. The occupant showed signs of erratic behavior
and intravenous drug use and began to fight with officers when they attempted to
determine if he was under the influence. An officer fired a Taser at the man, but he
continued to fight. The man stopped fighting after a second Taser application and was
taken into custody.
At the time of publication of this report, PAPD has just finished its reports and
review of this incident. The IPA is still in the process of reviewing the documentation
and video of the incident.
II. Complaints, Cases and Issues
1.Complaint of Discourtesy from Other Law Enforcement Agency #IA-2007-
001
Synopsis: An officer in another community pulled over an off duty PAPD
supervisor in his personal vehicle for a traffic violation. The PAPD supervisor was
immediately confrontational and discourteous to the traffic officer who issued him a
ticket. He used profanity, made derogatory remarks about the officer’s skills and stated
that the officer would not receive any help or professional courtesy if he found himself in
distress in Palo Alto in the future. The PAPD supervisor had a passenger who witnessed
these events, another off duty PAPD officer who was one of his subordinates. A field
sergeant of the local police department was required to go to the scene to help resolve this
confrontation. This sergeant later complained to PAPD, resulting in the initiation of an
internal affairs investigation. When interviewed, the PAPD supervisor admitted his
behavior and apologized for his poor judgment and unbecoming behavior.
Recommendation: The Auditor agreed with the Department that the supervisor
should be found in violation of Department policies against exhibiting discourtesy or
disrespect and against conduct that is unbecoming and tends to reflect unfavorably upon
the Department.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The supervisor received formal discipline.
2.Complaint of Misuse of Police Powers #C-2007-009
Synopsis: Police received a 911 call of an attempt suicide by overdose. Two
officers arrived along with Fire ’Department paramedics. They spoke to the man who had
called and to his girlfriend whom he said had told him that she had taken a fatal dose of
medication. The officers questioned the suspected suicidal woman and received
inadequate and evasive answers about the dosage and timing of her medication. The
officers conferred with the fire and paramedic personnel, then decided to take the woman
to a medical facility for evaluation under a provision of State law that provides for an
involuntary 72-hour mental health evaluation. The woman was taken in an ambulance,
evaluated by hospital personnel and released in a few hours. She filed a complaint with
the IPA alleging ttiat one of the PAPD officers had threatened her, pushed her, misused
police power to make a 72-hour commitment, and was discourteous.
Recommendation: The IPA received the initial complaint in this case and
recommended that the Department investigate the allegations of improper use of police
powers, unnecessary force, discourtesy and using inappropriate communication.
Commendably, the Department agreed to do an in depth investigation. The Internal
Affairs investigator conducted a thorough and professional investigation despite the
unique challenge of the complainant refusing to be interviewed except by e-mail. We
have reviewed the investigation and concur with the Department that the charges are
unfounded. The responding officers made a reasonable decision under the circumstances
and used the resources available to them, consulting with the paramedics before reaching
a conclusion. The minimal use of force was appropriate given the credible suicide tbn’eat.
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There was insufficient corroborative evidence to support the allegation regarding
inappropriate language or tone of voice.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The Internal Affairs division sent a letter
explaining its conclusions to the complainant. The Auditor also met with the
complainant to explain the Department’s process and conclusions.
3.Complaint of Mistaken Forfeiture of Car #C-2007-010
Synopsis: A car was stolen and used in a crime in an adjacent agency’s
jurisdiction. While PAPD conducted the initial arrest of the suspect, the vehicle was
eventually transferred to the custody of the other police department. When the owner
tried to claim the car, she found that it had been sold at auction. The complainant alleged
that she was not provided sufficient notice regarding the selling of her vehicle. PAPD
conducted an investigation of this matter and the Auditor has reviewed the investigation,
but will not report or comment on the investigation until the pending court case stemming
from the original crime has been resolved.
4.Complaint of Possible Suspicious Circumstances Death -- No number
Synopsis: A woman sent an e-mail request to the IPA seeking help obtaining
information about the recent death of her father. She made no reference to the police, but
simply felt that a relative was acting odd and might be withholding information and that
an autopsy might be appropriate. We responded to the request by describing other
possible sources of information and referred the woman to the County Coroner’s office.
She later informed us that she had received satisfaction from the Coroner’s office and did
not wish us to inquire any further.
Recommendation: The IPA did not refer this matter to PAPD.
Resolution/Corrective Action: N/A
5.Complaint of Multi-Agency Conspiracy -- No number
Synopsis: The Auditor received a letter from the complainant describing
numerous allegations of multi-agency criminal conspiracies, judicial violations, and
matters relating to misuse of local library services and mental health services. The
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Auditor spoke to the complainant to attempt to determine whether there was some aspect
to these concerns that could be addressed by the Police Department. The auditor was
unsuccessful and concluded that the complainant had no cognizable complaint that called
for an investigation by the Department.
Recommendation: As a result of the above conclusion, the Auditor did not refer
the matter to the PAPD.
Resolution/Corrective Action: None
6.Complaint of Irregularities in the Course of an Investigation #C-2007-1841
Synopsis: A former suspect in a harassing telephone calls case contacted the
PAPD to complain that the officer who had investigated his case had tampered with
evidence, omitted evidence and made other mistakes. He did not give any details and
failed to provide any further information by phone or alternatively to talk to Internal
Affairs as he stated that he intended to do. After attempting during a month’s period to
re-establish contact with the complainant, Internal Affairs decided to close out the
complaint with a "no finding."
Recommendation: The Auditor concurred with the decision to close the
complaint.
Resolution/Corrective Action: No finding.
7.Suspicious Circumstances #C-2007-738-4
Synopsis: In this matter, the complainant alleged that while he was outside police
headquarters a person walked out of the building wearing a police badge. According to
the complainant, the man then entered into a vehicle at which time the complainant stated
to the person that he might be a "child molester." According to the complainant, the
person then drove close to the complainant and almost knocked him off of his bike. The
allegation of "attempted vehicular manslaughter," as framed by the complainant, was
investigated by the Palo Alto Police Department. As part of the investigation, the
Department reviewed the video camera positioned to capture the police department doors
and did not develop any potential subjects. In addition, Department investigators
contacted DMV and requested all matches for the partial license plate provided by the
complainant. The investigator also checked the registered owners of the possible license
plates against city employees and found no matches.
Recommendation: The Independent Police Auditor found the investigation into
this matter very thorough and because no subjects were identified, agreed with PAPD’s
decision to close out the matter.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The investigation was placed on inactive status.
8.Complaint of Failure to Close a Criminal Case - No number
Synopsis: This is a complaint that emanates from allegations of actions that
preceded the existence of the IPA. The complainant was the suspect in a spousal sexual
assault investigation by PAPD. When the case was referred to the District Attorney’s
Office, the alleged victim left the country and did not return. The prosecutor had not
decided whether to file charges and have held their decision in abeyance pending the
possible return of the spouse. Consequently, PAPD has not closed their file either.
Recommendation: The Auditor agrees with the Department that the decision on
the current status of this criminal case is within the discretion of the District Attorney and
it would not be appropriate for the Department to issue any kind of statement of final
resolution to the suspect as requested by the complainant.
9.Complaint of Search and Seizure Violations and Damage to Credit - No
number
Synopsis: This is a complaint about actions that preceded the existence of the
IPA. During the course of a spouse sexual assault investigation, PAPD officers bought a
conventional landline telephone for the complainant’s spouse and gave it to her so that
she would be sure to have access to a phone if she needed to contact the police. With her
permission, the investigators installed the telephone. The complainant objected to the
installation of the phone in his house without his permission and he refused to pay the
ensuing phone bills.
Recommendation: The Auditor found that this issue has already been amply
investigated by the Department and agrees with the Department that the investigators’
actions with the consent of the spouse did not violate either the law or departmental
policy. The Auditor did suggest to the Department however, that there might be reasons
why providing a telephone directly to a crime victim in similar circumstances could be
inadvisable. The Auditor recommended that officers who want to improve victim access
to phones be given guidance to take advantage of victim/witness assistance programs in
the future. The Department has agreed to explore the practicability of this
recommendation.
10.Complaint of Abetting Theft - No number
Synopsis: This involves a complaint from allegations that predate the existence
Of the IPA. In the course of separating from the complainant, a spouse wanted to move
some clothes and other property out of their shared house. She requested a police
standby during this process. The Department agreed to provide what is a routine service
where there is the possibility of further domestic dispute. The complainant alleged that
his wife removed many items that she should not have.
Recommendation: The Auditor agreed with the Department that the "standby"
was appropriate and that, in these circumstances, it is unreasonable to expect the
responding officers to act as referees in the division of presumably jointly owned
property in anticipation of a marriage separation.
11.Complaint of Slander by a City Employee - No number
Synopsis: This is a complaint that emanates from actions that predate the
existence of the IPA. The complainant brought a small claims case against the City for
losses from the phone bill referenced above. A City employee who was not a member of
the Police Department testified on behalf of the City.
Recommendation: Because there was no allegation of police misconduct with
regard to this complaint, the Auditor did not recommend an investigation into this matter.
12.Request for Issuance of Restraining Order - No number
Synopsis: The complainant in this matter requested assistance of the IPA to issue
a restraining order against his neighbor.
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Resolution: Because the complainant did not make a colorable complaint of
misconduct against any member of the Palo Alto Police Department that would result in a
violation of Police Department policies, and because obtaining a restraining order is
beyond the contractual responsibilities of the IPA, we informed the complainant that we
were taking no action with regard to this matter.
13.Complaint of Improper Prosecution to Coerce Civil Settlement #C-2007-013
Synopsis: A landlord got into a dispute with a prospective tenant who changed
her mind and wanted her security deposit back. The landlord felt that she had lost the
opportunity to rent out the room for the short period agreed upon and would not return
the deposit. The prospective tenant’s father sent demands to the landlord, and then
requested an investigation by the PAPD. An officer interviewed the parties and
concluded that there was no intent to defraud, but referred the reports to the District
Attorney’s Office for review per usual procedure in such cases. The DA contacted the
landlord and allegedly stated that she would not be prosecuted if she gave the deposit
back to the prospective tenant. The landlord did so. The DA then rejected the case for
criminal filing. The landlord complained to the PAPD, concerned that she would have a
criminal record. A supervisor explained the DA’s role and that the landlord would not
have a criminal record. The supervisor also advised the landlord that, if she felt paying
the deposit money back was wrong, she could file a civil small claims action against the
prospective tenant. We requested no further investigation into the matter.
Recommendation: While we requested no further investigation into the matter,
the Auditor reviewed the file and documentary history of the landlord/tenant dispute as
well as the complaint previously made to the Department. The Auditor was concerned
that the prospective tenant’s father might have had undue influence in this case because
he is a police chief in another state. We found, however, that the original investigation of
the fraud allegation by the department was evenhanded and factual and the case was
simply referred to the DA’ s Office for review per customary procedure rather than
presented to the DA with a request for a criminal filing. Any subsequent decisions about
the case or allegedly coercive demands to the complainant did not involve the police
department. The Auditor observed however, that remarks made by the police investigator
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and the supervisor who responded to the landlord’s complaint could have been
interpreted as supportive of the DA’ s alleged demand that repayment be made to avoid a
criminal filing. Prior to the prosecutor’s decision on whether there will be a criminal
filing, police officers should be wary of giving advice to one party that might encourage
restitution or civil settlement under perceived threat of criminal prosecution. The IPA
recommended that PAPD managers clarify this sometimes-murky legal issue for patrol
officers through a training bulletin. Chief Johnson has agreed to implement this
recommendation.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The Auditor contacted the complainant to
explain the resuk of this review.
14.Discourtesy Complaint #C-2007-012
Synopsis: In this matter, the complainant alleged that he was in his car when he
noticed that the street of his residence had been barricaded to prevent through traffic
during a Stanford football game. As he traveled around the barricade, the complainant
felt that he was treated discourteously by a Palo Alto police officer manning the
barricade.
Recommendation; The auditor found the investigation into this complaint to be
thorough. Because an independent witness largely corroborated the account of the police
officer that he was not discourteous during the verbal exchange with the complainant, the
Auditor concurred with a disposition of unfounded.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The matter was deemed unfounded. During the
investigation, the investigating sergeant recommended that the Mobile Activated Vehicle
("MAV") function, to the degree practicable, also be used for football game details.
While the MAV function may not be always positioned to pick up the video of every
officer-citizen encounter for football game details, even an audio recording of such
encounters would be helpful to assess any future complaints or concerns. The Auditor
and Chief Johnson have discussed this issue and the Chief has agreed to explore with her
personnel the feasibility of using the MAV at future football game deployments.
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15.Complaint of Disparate Treatment Based on Race #C-2007-014
Synopsis: Four young people ranging in age from 15 to 23 were pulled over in a
car for a broken taillight. The officer smelled marijuana smoke and asked the front
passenger, who also owned the car, about it. She said that she had smoked some recently
and offered to let the officers search the car, which they did. First, however, they asked
the young people to get out of the car and patted them down and told them to empty their
pockets. A pipe with a small amount of marijuana in it was found on one of them. Two
of the young people, who are sister and brother, later complained that the stop and search
was part of a pattern of harassment aimed at their family and possibly attributable to the
fact that PAPD officers were aware that a third sibling is incarcerated. They also
believed that the officers who pulled them over had treated the Caucasian girl in the
group differently from the other three occupants of the car, who were African-Americans.
They observed that, during the search, the Caucasian girl was separated from them and
allowed to stand while they were required to sit on the curb.
Recommendation: The Auditor recommended that the Department investigate
the allegation of disparate treatment based on race and the allegation of harassment. The
Department assigned a supervisor to investigate the complaint and conducted interviews
and a review of the video and audio recorded by the patrol vehicle MAV system during
the traffic stop. The Department concluded that the Caucasian female was treated.
differently, but that it was not because of her race but rather because she was the only one
found to be in possession of illegal paraphernalia. Since she was also a juvenile and her
case might be referred for prosecution, she was arrested and separated from the other
three until she could be released to a family member. The other young people were
allowed to leave in their car. We reviewed the investigation and concurred with the
Department that there was ample evidence to show appropriate race neutral behavior by
the officers.
Resolution/Corrective Action: None.
16.Complaint of Violation of Free Speech Rights #C-2008-001
Synopsis: During the customary public comment period of a City Council
meeting, a member of the public made remarks to the council criticizing aspects of city
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government. His comments were vociferous and made reference to the ethnicity of the
council member. Some time during his allotted three minutes, the Council took action to
turn off the public comment microphone. The speaker completed his remarks and
remained audible within the council chambers though not on the TV or radio broadcast of
the meeting. Shortly after that, the Chief of Police informed the speaker’s probation
officer of what had happened. The speaker alleged that the probation officer then called
him and warned him to desist. He further complained that he had been inappropriately
cut off and discouraged from exercising his free speech rights in the future.
Recommendation: The Auditor listened to a tape of the Council session, spoke
with the complainant and determined that, even if all of the above were assumed as true,
the complainant’s allegations would not constitute a violation of PAPD policy by police
personnel. This was because, (1) the cutting off of the microphone was decided upon and
executed without police department involvement, (2) there are no violations of policy
implicated by the Chief’s call to the probation officer, and (3) the question of whether the
complainant will have future access to the free speech forum at Council meetings is
ultimately a City Council decision, not a police decision. The IPA, therefore, defers to
the City Council’s decision, in consultation with the City Attorney, as to what time, place
or manner restrictions are constitutionally appropriate for public comment during Council
meetings. For all of the above reasons, the Auditor did not recommend that the
Department open an investigation in this matter.
Resolution/Corrective Action: None.
17.Complaint of Denial of Free Speech Rights #C-2008-004
Synopsis: A resident observed an outdoor fair occurring in a neighborhood park.
She decided to set up a table at the fair to distribute political literature and solicit
signatures for a petition. She was approached by the event organizer and then by a PAPD
officer and informed that she would have to remove her table and stop her petition
activities or leave the park. Eventually she complied and moved her table to a spot
outside the park. The Auditor evaluated this complaint and recommended that the
Department investigate the original documentation of the incident to determine whether
14
the police intervention complied with a valid city ordinance applicable to the situation.
The Department did so.
Recommendation: After reviewing the reports and the city ordinance the
Auditor concurred that the alleged actions by a Palo Alto Police Officer complied with
Department policies and the city ordinance. As to the validity of the city code section, it
appears to the Auditor to put reasonable restrictions on time, place and manner of the
exercise of free speech rights and we defer to the ultimate analysis of the Palo Alto City
Attorney that the ordinance is, in fact, constitutional.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The Internal Affairs division sent a letter
explaining its conclusions to the complainant through her lawyer.
18.Parking Citation Complaint -- No number
Synopsis: The complainant in this matter was concerned about a parking ticket he
received in Palo Alto for parking in a restricted space. The complainant indicated that
neither he nor his three passengers noticed this particular sign but did pay the ticket he
was issued.
Resolution: The City reviewed the complaint and reported back to the
complainant that the parking lot signs complained of were posted at a State mandated
height for best visibility. The letter to the complainant further indicated recognition that
failing to observe the signs in that particular lot seemed to be a fairly common error. The
letter further reminded the complainant of the contest and appeal provisions in place
when a person believes the citation was issued incorrectly. Our follow up contact with
the complainant indicated no further questions or concerns about the matter. He
expressed appreciation for the follow up contact.
19. Complaint Regarding Inappropriate Investigation In Public School -- No
number
Synopsis: We received an e-mail from the complainant indicating a concern with
the Department investigating~incidents in the school. We attempted to follow up on
specifics with the complainant but did not r~ceive particulars or any further
correspondence from him.
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Recommendation/Resolution: The complainant’s unwillingness to continue the
dialogue prevented any development of specifics to investigate. Therefore the
complainant was notified that we would take no further action with respect to this matter.
We did not refer the matter to PAPD.
20.Complaint Regarding Allegations of Racial Profiling -- No number
Synopsis: The complainant alleged in an e-mail eventually received by the Police
Department that he had been pulled over three times in three months and believed that he
had been the subject of racial profiling. The Department tried on several occasions to
investigate the stops but had no further communication from the complainant, We also
tried to communicate to the complainant but also had no response from him.
Recommendation/Resolution: Because the Department and the Auditor did
not gain sufficient cooperation to investigate the allegations, we concurred with the
Department’s decision to close the matter.
21.Complaint of Excessive Force and Unprofessional Conduct -- No number yet
Synopsis: PAPD officers assisted a police agency from another city in executing
an on-view arrest and a search warrant at a house in Palo Alto. The arrestee was a
murder suspect staying as a guest in the house. Members of the family that lived in the
house complained that they were treated roughly and discourteously by PAPD officers,
that two of them were pushed to the ground, that they were forced to lie on their front
yard in handcuffs for an excessive period of time, that guns were pointed and profanities
shouted at them, that the officers wore no name tags and would not identify themselves,
and that they were kept out of their home and confined on their porch or front yard for an
excessive period of time.
Recommendation: While not the originating agency of the search warrant or
arrest, PAPD played a significant role in their execution. The Auditor recommended that
the Department review the incident for possible discourtesy, excessive detention and
failure to identify oneself in violation of PAPD policies. The Department has agreed to
investigate this matter.
Resolution/Corrective Action: Pending.
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22.Complaint of Harassment -- No number.
Synopsis: The Auditor was referred to a letter to the editor in a local newspaper
describing an unpleasant interaction with a PAPD officer after being stopped by the
officer for no good reason. The writer asserted that he had been similarly harassed on
previous occasions. The Auditor brought this to the attention of the Department and was
pleased to note that Internal Affairs had already taken steps to reach out to the letter
writer. An investigator spoke to the complainant who stated that he was pleased to have
the opportunity to discuss the matter with the Department. He also stated that he
understood why his unique physical appearance gives some people the mistaken
impression that he is a drug addict and that this sometimes attracts the attention of law
enforcement. He told the investigator that he did not wish to file a citizen complaint at
this time but might contact the Department in the future.
Recommendation: The Auditor found the Department’s proactive approach in
this case commendable. Per the wishes of the complainant, the Auditor does not
recommend opening an investigation at this time.
Resolution/Corrective Action: None.
III. Cases Pending from Year 1 Final Report
23.Complaint of False Statements and Omissions in Arrest Report #C-2006-010
Synopsis: A civil litigant was charged with felony vandalism against the
opposing party when PAPD investigators concluded that he had scratched the other
party’s car with a metal object after losing in civil court. The prosecution of the
vandalism case has been delayed by procedural writs that continue to work their way up
to higher courts of appeal. The vandalism defendant has complained to the Department
that the officer who investigated the vandalism made biased statements and omitted
evidence in his report.
Recommendation: The Auditor recommended that the department hold any
investigation of the complaint until after the resolution of the criminal case. Any other
course of action would be disruptive to the court proceedings. The Department agreed.
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Resolution: Pending.
24.Complaint of Excessive Force #C-2007-004
Synopsis: Medical personnel called Police officers to a hospital when a woman in
a wheelchair refused to leave the premises. The officers were unable to persuade the
woman to leave and arrested her for trespass and transported her to a jail facility. She
was able to walk with minimal assistance. The jail facility refused to accept the woman
because they believed she showed symptoms of a communicable disease. The police
officers eventually released the woman and transported her to a location of her choice.
The woman later filed a civil claim against the city alleging that the officers had used
unnecessary force on her, injured her, falsely arrested her, and then released her. When
the Department became aware of the claim, they decided to initiate a complaint
investigation.
Recommendation: We commend the Department for screening this civil claim
and concluding that it presented issues that warranted a personnel investigation, even
though no formal complaint had been made directly to the Police Department. The
complaint investigation in this case was thorough and objective. All involved officers
were interviewed as well as several civilian witnesses from the hospital who were able to
recall the incident in detail. The complainant refused to be interviewed. The IPA
concurs with the Department’s conclusion based on substantial and consistent evidence in
the record that the allegations of false arrest and use of unnecessary force should be
deemed unfounded.
Resolution: Allegations were deemed unfounded as to the involved officers.
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Complaints and Internal Affairs Investigations Reviewed by the Auditor
September 2007 through March 2008
Case No.
IA-07-001
C-07-009
C-07-010
No number
No number
C-07-1841
C-07-738-4
No number
No number
No number
No number
Case/Investigation
Type
Internal Affairs
Investigation
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Allegation
Discourtesy to
another officer
Misuse of police
powers
Loss of property
Request for
autopsy
Multi-agency
conspiracy
Irregularities in
criminal
investigation
Suspicious
circumstances
driver
Failure to close
criminal case
Results of
Investigation
Sustained
Unfounded
To be
announced
(pending
resolution of a
criminal trial)
Referral to
Coroner’s
Office
No
investigation
recommended
No
investigation
recommended
Resolution
Discipline imposed
Complainant
informed of results
Pending
Request withdrawn
None
None
Inactivated
Complainant
informed of results.
Search and
seizure; damage
to credit
Abetting theft
Slander
Investigation
unable to
identify a
subject
No
investigation
recommended
No further
investigation
recommended
No
investigation
recommended
No
investigation
Procedural
recommendations
to Department
Complainant
informed of results.
Complainant
informed of results.
No number
No Number
C-07-012
C-07-014
C-08-OOI
C-08-004
No number
No number
No number
No number
yet
No number
Citizen complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Citizen Complaint
Request for
restraining order
Civil coercion
Discourtesy
Disparate
treatment based
on race
Interference with
free speech
Denial of free
speech
Unfair citation
Inappropriate
investigations in
schools
Racial profiling
Excessive force &
detention,
unprofessional
conduct
Harassment
recommended
No role for IPA
No further
investigation
recommended
Unfounded
Unfounded
No
investigation
recom mended
No
investigation
recommended
Unfounded
No
investigation
recommended.
No response
f ro m
complainant.
No investig.
recommended.
No response
f ro m
complainant.
Pending
Complainant
did not wish to
file a
complaint. No
Complainant
informed.
Complainant
informed of results.
Training
recommendation to
Department
Procedural
recom mendafion
Complainant
informed of results
Complainant
informed of results
Complainant
informed of results
Complainant
informed of results
Complainant
informed of results
None
None
None
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investigation
recommended.
Cases Pending from Year I
C-06-010
C-07-004
Citizen Complaint
Civil Claim/Citizen
Complaint
Biased police
report
Excessive force,
false arrest
Pending
resolution
of criminal
case
Unfounded
Pending
Complainant
informed of results
V.Policy/Practices Revision
Both the Department and the IPA have noted indications that complainants
sometimes feel frustrated with the Department about the lack of information they receive
about the progress of citizen complaint investigations. The IPA suggested that the
Department could begin to address this issue by sending complainants an
acknowledgement letter once the complaint had been received and assigned an
investigator. The Department accepted this recommendation.
The IPA and the Department have recently implemented a regular schedule of
frequent telephone conferences to facilitate more reliable and immediate communication
about case status and other issues.
VI. Auditor Outreach
As noted in our final report for 2007, when we met with the City’s Human
Relations Commission, it was suggested that information about the Auditor and contact
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information be included in the City of Palo Alto’s website. As a result of subsequent
discussions with City officials, information about the function of the Independent Police
Auditor and contact information is now available on the City’s website. It is expected
that this increased visibility will educate City residents about the function and availability
of the IPA.
Since our last report, the IPA again met with the HR commission in order to
dialogue about PAPD data collection, records retention and other matters of common
interest.
VII. Assessment of PAPD’s Response to Citizen Colnplaints
The PAPD has continued to adjust well to two new features that have a potentially
significant impact on citizen complaints: the Taser now carried by all patrol officers and
the dashboard mounted video camera in patrol vehicles. Department supervisors have
found that the MAV system is a helpful tool to evaluate the quality and professionalism
of police action in the field. It has also become a standard first step in responding to
citizen complaints. On several occasions, watch commanders have been able to sit down
with the complaining party and watch the video together and discuss the basis for
concern. This helps put the discussion on a rational footing and allows the Department to
respond more rapidly and transparently to citizen concerns.
Tasers are still a controversial law enforcement weapon and will probably remain
so for the near future. In view of this, the Department has taken a wise course to insure
that its Taser use policy is detailed and explicit and, more importantly, that all officers
who carry the Taser receive extensive training.
VIII. Conclusion
In September of 2007, the Palo Alto City Council concluded that the just
completed one-year pilot program had demonstrated the utility and value of an
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independent police auditor. The Council asked us to continue to function as the IPA and
entered into a contract for two more years. Additionally, the Council asked the IPA to
monitor and review each use of the Taser by PAPD officers in the field. We are gratified
by the renewed commitment on the part of the City and the Department to the principle of
police oversight. We look forward to continuing to provide that oversight as well as
transparency into how the Department investigates its own when allegations of
misconduct arise.
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