HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 415-09TO: HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM: CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: POLICE
DATE: NOVEMBER 2, 2009 CMR:415:09
REPORT TYPE: CONSENT
SUBJECT: Acceptance of Transmitta] of Police Auditor's Fina] Report For 2008
RECOMMENDATIONS
Staff is transmitting the attached the final report for 2008 provided by the Police Auditor for Council
acceptance.
DISCUSSION
On September 10,2007, the City Council voted to extend the agreement with Michael 1. Gennaco and
Robert Miller of the OIR Group to serve as the City's Police Auditor. A requirement of the contract is
for the Auditors to provide two reports per year summarizing their findings and reporting on each
investigation and disposition. Attached is the second report for 2008 (April-December 2008).
RESOURCE IMPACT
Between April and December 2008, $12,930 has been expended.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
This report is consistent with City policies.
ATT ACHMENTS
2008 Police Auditor Final Report
CMR:41S:09 Page 1 of 2
PREPARED BY:
DEPARTMENT HEAD:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
CMR:415:09
Delmis Burns, Police Chief
DENNIS BURNS
Police Chief
Page 2 of2
POLICE AU-DITOR'S FINAL
REPOR T
Presented to the Honorable City Council
Ci ty of Palo Alto
April 13, 2009
Prepared by Michael Gennaco
& Robert Miller
orR Group
323-890-5425
www.laoir.colll
Palo Alto Independent Police Allditor
Fil1al Report for 2008
1. The Second Year
This report is the second of two reports covering the second year of the
Independent Police Auditor's work with the Palo Alto Police Department. It reports on
investigations initiated and complaints that have been considered since the publication or
the second year Interim Report and provides upclated information regarding
investigations tbat bad not yet been fully resolved at the time the Interim Report was
released . Additionally this Report updates the work the Auditor and the Police
Department have engaged in with regard to systemic issues.
This report also covers the Auditor's review of all applications of the Taser by
PAPD personnel in the course of detention and arrest of suspects. This complies with the
mandate of the Palo Alto City Council that the lPA expand its purvic'vv to include Taser-
relatecl incidents.
II. Taser Incidents
Since the introduction of the Taser as standard cquipment for all Palo Alto PD
patrol officers in late 2007, Department members have applied the Taser in the field to
tbree persons in separate incidents. "Ve reviewed the first incident in OLlr previous report.
We review the second and third incidents below.
To date we find the documentation ofTaser incic1ents by the Department to be
tborough. Additionally, the Taser-cam video and, where practical, the MA V video have
proven to be invaluable aids to the Auditor's monitoring of these incidents.
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Taser Use of Force #2 -Incident 08-1777
Responding to a resident's complnillt, three officers went to check on a parked
van in which someone appeared [0 be living. The occupant of the van would not open <l
door or window to talk to the officers so one of the orncers pretended to call for a tow
truck. This ruse worked and the man in tbe van came out for a few seconds then ran back
into the van. He did not shut the door however and continued to converse with the
officers. During this conversation he showed signs of erratic behavior and possible
intravenous drug use. The officers ordered him out ofthc van and attempted to handcuff
him lo determine if he was limier the illilliellce. Thc mall strugglcd when an oCficer
grabbed his arms to handcuff him anc! lwisted away I'rom the ol'ficer. At this point, thc
officer stepped back, drew his Taser and shot it at the man. At least one of the two Taser
barbs missed the man entirely. Consequently, the Taser had no effect on the man except
to enrage him. He charged toward the officers swinging his arms in a windmill fashion
and kicking. He strllck one of the of/lcers in the face with a fist. The brief struggle with
the three officers ended when one ofthell1 lIsec1 (\ second Taser in drive stun mode twice
against the suspect's torso. The suspect said that he would give up and submitted to
handcuffing. The sllspect and the officers sustained minor cuts and scrapes.
The documentation of the incident was thorough. The Taser-cam video, MAY
videos and audio tapes were personally reviewed by the IPA and comported with the
account of the incident documented in the written reports. This Taser application
appeared to comply with Department policy. As a result of this incident, thc District
Attorney filed a felony count of resisting arrest against the van occupant. At the ensuing
preliminary hearing, thejuc!ge ruled that the ruse that caused the suspect to come out of'
his van was an improper violation of the suspect's rights and dismissed the case. The
IPA has reviewed the Court transcript and is satisfied that the ruling did not relate to th e
officer's use of the Taser or the asserti on that the Taser video evidence bad been
tampered with. The ruling docs, however presenl a challenge to PAPD officers facing
similar calls for service in the Cuture. Accordingly, we recommend that, in order to avoid
the risk of an ambiguous legal interpretation in the future, officers avoid usin g ruses in
this type of situation until they have investigated the matter sufficiently to determine
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whether there is a basis for concluding that a crime has occurred. We recommend that
PAPD brief its officers on this approach to avoid similar unfavorable court rulings .
Arrestee's Complnint. During the pendency orthe criminal case, the man from
the van complained that the PAPD officers had used the Taser on him in violation oflhe
PAPD policy on Taser use ane! that the video evidence fl'O\11 the case had been tamperecl
with. The auditor viewed these as significant issues independent of tile criminal case (Ind
evaluated them in light of all of the evidence relating to the arrest. At thisjul1cture, vve
continue to conclude that the LIse of the Taser by both officers complied with the
Department's Taser policy. Each time a Taser was used, whether in projectile mode or
drive stun mode, the suspect appeared to meet or surpass the "active resistance"
threshold. The complainant's concern about videotape t<lmpering concerned "gaps"
present in the Taser video tapes. We consulted independent experts as well as
Department experts and their conclusion is not that the Taser tapes had been tampered
with but that the "gaps" in the tape were consistent with the activation and deactivation of
the Taser during normal use or while switching modes. Furthermore, there was little
relevant information lost, as olher continllolls videotape retrieved from the in-car video
record ings recorded the same actions.
Finally, after reviewing the tapes, we pointed out that one of the ofJIcers
needlessly used foul language toward the suspect. The ChiefofPolice agreed with this
observation and directed tbe officer's supervisors to counsel him regarding the
discou rtesy issue.
We are aware that there is potcntial civil litigation regarding this event bl'Ought by
the man who was Tasered. Wc will follow that litigation to learn whether additional
information produced during that litigation should cause us to revisit our conclusions
regarding this incident.
Tnser Use of Force #3 -I Ilciclell t 08-8631
Officers, called to the scene ora man acting suspiciously near a car, observed <I
man alone in a parked car smoking rock cocaine 1'1'0111 Ci glass pipe. They knocked on th e
closed windows of the car anci ordered the inan to get Ollt. He locked the doors,
continued to smoke the glass pipe, refused to get out, and appeared to search for
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something in and under the car seats. The officers broke a vvinelow and usee! a Taser to
extract the man. We have reviewed the case materials and Taser video, but have not
concluded our discussions with PAPD mnnagers regarding this matter. Accordingly, we
will report our conclusions regarding the Taser use in this case in our next report.
III. Complaints, Cases llnd Issues
1. Complaint of Improper Request for Identification #C 2007-011
Synopsis: An officer pulled a motorist over for a traffic violation. During the
stop, after requesting the usual documentation from the driver, the officer asked the
driver's passenger for identification. The passenger latel' complainecl to the Department
that this was an unlawful intrusion into his privacy and was unsupported by the law.
Recommendation: Current C,lse I<IW indicates that so long as there is a
legitimate basis to stop the motorist in the first place, peace officers may briefly detain
passengers as well and request their identification. It was also clear from the
investigation, that the complainant felt harassed by Palo Alto police officers who he felt
stopped him frequently becallse of his clothing <md appearance. We commend the
Department for going beyond the narrow legal question presenled hcre ancl renching out
to the complainant to try to address his othcr concerns.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The internal affairs unit commander followed up
with the complainant to explain the legal basis for the 10 check as well as to ask about
the complainant's perception of harassment. The complainant stated that he understood
to some degree why his physical appearance coule! attracl police attention.
2. Complaint of Harassment #C 2007-015
Synopsis: A woman complained that an officer issued her and her husband fOllr
separate parking or traffic violation tickets during a five month period and was interfering
with their missionary work. The complainant failed to show up for an appointment with
the investigating supervisor who subsequently tried to reach her on several occasions
without success.
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Recommendation: The Auditor agrees with the clecision to suspend the
complaint investigation.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The cOlllplain<lI1t was notified of the case status
by letler.
3. Sexual Harassment #IA 2008-003
Synopsis: Two days prior to his retirement, an employee surprised a feillale
officer by kissing her on the lips . He did the sallle thing to another feillale officer thal
day while grabbing her head anc! forcing the physical contact. He macie remarks to the
effect that he was beyond discipline because of his impending retirement. During the
course of the internal affairs investigation, a previous incident of sexually offensive
remarks directed at a thire! feillale officer was unearthecl and investigated.
Recommendation: The Auditor agreed ,vith the Department's founded
conclusion based on the evicicilce. The Department's clisciplinary Ol)tions were limited
due to the subsequent retirement of the subject employee. Nevertheless, the Department
acted ,1S forcefully and quick Iy as it could. The subject was put on administrative leave at
the outset of tile investigation, which was completed swiftly. This was especially
important given the subordinate rank of ' the victims and sent an unequivocal message to
all members of the Department.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The Department sustained llnclings on a variety
of sexual harassment-related aclministr;ltive charges. As ,1 result of the incicients, the
Chief also decided to exercise her discretion to deny the subject a permit to carry a
concealed weapon subsequent to his retirement.
4. Complaint of Discourtesy, Hrlrassmcnt and Prohibited Use of E-mail #IA
2008-004
Synopsis: An officer discovered that someone had accessed his Department e-
mail account and sent a message out to various members of the Department that
purported to be from the officer revealing highly personal information. A supervisor
came forward and admitted that he had played the prank.
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Recommendation: The e-m8iling stunt 8ppeared to be a poor attempt 8t humor
without serious malicious intent. Nevertheless, the supervisor displ8yed a profound lack
ofleaclership and violated 8 host ofPAPD policies, from discourtesy to making
ll1isle8ding statements to improperly 8ccessing the e-mail of8nother to violating the 8nti-
h8rassment policy. Most import8nt 01',111, the supervisor used language that could easily
have sent a message ofdiscril1lin8tion ancl disrespect throughout the Department. For
these re8sons, the Auditor was pleasecl to see the Department take this violation seriously
8l1d clo a quick and effective investigation. The Auditor 8greed with the Department's
findings 8nd the discipline imposed.
Resolution/Corrective Actiol1: All policy violations were sustained resulting in
a suspension imposed on the subject supervisor.
5. Complaint of Inadequate Service and Discourtesy #C 2008-005
Synopsis: A resident requesteci service because a large commercial truck was
unl08cling next door and blocking his vehicle. The dispatcher misunderstood the location
which caused a brief delay in the police response. The resident felt he had been treated
rudely by the dispatcher and was unh,lpPY with the PAPD declining to put tighter controls
on commercial vehicle loaciing in the area.
Recommendatioll: The Auditor reviewed the tape of the dispatch conversation
and concluded that the Department's elTort to follow up on the complaint was adequate
<md that the dispatcher was not ciiscourteous uncleI' the circul1lst8nces. We recommencled
th8t Department supervisors implement 8 qU81ity control progr8m of random monitoring
of desk response to citizen compl8ints. The Department is considering this
recommendation.
Resolu lion/Correctivc Action: A supervisor fol lowed up with the complainant
and offered to refer the matter to traffic services but the complainant hung up during the
conversation.
6. Complaint of Discourtesy anel Threatcning Improper Action #C 2008-006
Synopsis: A cat was struck by a motorist. A woman driving nearby saw the
accident and pulled over, as did the motorist. An officer saw the two cars pulled over and
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stopped to offer assistance. The woman pointed out the severely injut'ed cat. The officer
confirmed that animal control was on the way and suggested to the woman that she might
prefer to leave. Shortly after tl](lt, the officer observed that the cat appeared to be dead.
He assured the woman that animal control was on the way and left the scene. The
woman believed that the officer's unemotional demeanor and his suggestion that she
might want to leave meant that he intended to execute the cat with his gun. She later
complained to I) APD .
Recommendation: The Auditor agreed with the investigating supervisor's
conclusion that the complainant misunderstood the otlicer's 'v\fords and intentions.
Shooting the cat under these circLlmstances woulel have been an unnecessary and bizarre
departure frolll logic and Del)altment policy guidelines. The Auditor also agreed that
cautioning the officer about taking time to explain his actions to community members in
the field is a positive precaulionary measure.
Resolu tion/Corrective Action: The complainant was informed of the
Department's findings. The olTicer was reminded to explain his actions and intentions
more plainly in the field to comlllunity members.
7. Complaint of I mpropcr Arrc~it #C 2008-008
Synopsis: Two officet·s initiated a vehicle stop 011 a vehicle with no fmnt licen se
plate. The vehicle contained one adult passenger. The other three occupants were
juveniles. The odors of alcohol and marijuana were evident to the officers. The adult
was very drunk by his own admission. The juvenile driver showed some signs of
possible alcohol impairment. As the olTicers attempteci to get the driver to exit the
vehicle in order to determine whether he was under the inOuence of alcohol , the adult
passenger loudly told the dl'ivct' not to cooperate and insulted and thre<1tened the officers.
When the driver refused to exit the vellicle, the officers pulled the adult passenger out of
his seat, handcuffed him anc! arrested him for being cirunk in public and delaying and
interfering with an investigation. The adult later filed a complaint with PAPD that the
LIse of force was excessive ancl the arrest unjustified.
Recommendation: The Auditor reviewed the investigation reports aile! the MA V
video and concluded that the arrest ancluse of force in pulling the adult passenger Ollt of
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the car was within the PAPD use of force policy ancl (hat there was a good basis for the
administrative finding oful1lounded on the complaint. We recolllmended that the
responding officers be bl'iefed about the tactical disadval1tages and officer safety issues
that are present when oflicers reach into vehicles to extract individuals,
Resolution/Corrective Action: Tile results orthe Department's investigation
were conveyed to the complainant by letter.
8. Complaint of Inadeqllate Service #C 2008-010
Synopsis: Two pmscs were stolen ['rom a family group inside a restaurant late 011
a weekend night. One 0 f the victims callecl PAPD to report the theft and was asked to
file a report using the Department's automated on-line or telephone reporting systems.
The caller asked that the Department send an officer. The dispatcher alerted an officer in
the area who \vas then flaggecl down by the victims. The officer spoke to the victims for
fifteen minutes and, since there was no suspect information, encouraged them to file a
report on-line or at the Police Department desk 011 a weekclay. The officer later indicated
that he had not taken a report because he was monitoring the large late night crowd
outside the restaurant.
The investigation of the complaint unearthecl a relatively recent department-wide
memo acknowledging that some members of the community were dissatisfied when told
to fi Ie a report using the automated system. It strongly suggested that officers who have
already gone to a location or been nagged down should go ahead and take a report in
person. The memo acknowleclged that busy situations in the field could make tbis
impractical. Nevertheless, the Department investig,llion concluded that the officer in this
case had complied with Dep,lrtment policy.
Recommendation: The Auditor agreed that the officer's actions complied with
the letter ofPAPD policy but conclucled th<lt, had the omcer taken a brief report of the
theft, he would have servecl the sp iri t 0 f Departmen t po I icy llluch better.
Resolu lion/Corrective Action: The auditor l'ccommended that the Department
reissue the 2007 memo to the Department as a training bulletin clarifying this aspect of
cllstomer service and that the officer's unit commander specifically brief him on the
contents of the memo. The Departmellt has accepted these recommendations.
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9. Complaint of Improper Arrest #C 2008-011
Synopsis: An officer stopped (] motorist for erratic driving in the early morning
folloyving New Year's Eve. Arter smelling the odor of alcohol, the officer administered ,1
full battery offield sobriety tests. The officer also did a preliminary test of the motorist's
blood alcohol level with a portable device which showed a reading of a few hundredths
below the presumptive impairment limit. The motorist also st8ted th8t he had taken a
prescription medication which made him drowsy. He was taken to the station and
booked for driving under the influence. The District Altol'lley decided not to file charges
in this case. Six months 18ter, the motorist wrote a letter ofcompl8int to PAPD aSSerlil1g
that there had been inadequate probable cause to arrest him and that he was denied the
opportunity to give 8 breath sample instead ofa blood sample. The blood sample showed
an alcohol level below the presumptive legal limit.
Recommendatioll: The Auditor agreed with the Department's conclusion that
the officer had 110t exceeded his authority ill arresting the sllspect and arranging for a
blood sample to be taken in view of the 8dmission regarding prescription medication. It
is 8 best practice in DUI investigations for the investigating officer to eV81uate the sLlspect
based on the tot81ity of the circumstances rnther th8n rely on any single indicator. The
driving p8ttern, the perform8nce on the field sobriety tests, the admissions about
prescription medication 8nd the preliminary blood 81cohol test collectively provided
probable calise to believe that the suspect's driving was impaired. Blood alcohol level is
not the only b8sis for making a probable calise determination of il1lpaimlent. It can also
be appropriatel y based on all of the other indicators observed and tested by the officer
who appeared 10 follow the Department's elaborate DUI protocol to the letter.
Resolution/Corrective Actioll: The investigation of this complaint was thorough
and revealed no apparent issLles regarding the Departmen t's our investigation
methodology.
10. Complaint of Jnadeqllate Service #C 2008-013
Synopsis: PAPD Detectives investigating a series of daytime burglaries spotted
two burglary sllspects moving household goods from a home into their vehicle. As the
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suspects drove off, the detectives called in marked patrol cars to detain the suspect
vehicle. Police vehicles pursued the suspects briefly but then desisted when the pursuit
became more hazardous than Department policy ,ll1ows for non-violent felony sLlspects.
The homeowner, who came home as the burglars were fleeing, complained to the PAPD
that she felt that the officers sllOuld have tried harcJer to catch the burglars and pursued
them longer. About 35 minutes later the suspect vehicle crashed and rolled over for
unknown reasons, but the suspects fled when the Fire Department arrived. The sLlspects
were later apprehended, convicted and tied to a series of burglaries.
Recommendation: The Auditor concluded that PAPD personnel had performed
their duty in making an earnest effort to apprehend the burglars, but had called off the
pursuit in order to comply with Department policy. Upon review or the policy, the
Auditor also believes that it stl'ikes an ,lppropriate balance between the importance of
apprehending criminal suspects at the earliest possible opportunity ancl the need to
minimize the danger to the community posed by car chases. The policy is in keeping
with the best practices of progl'essive police agencies and state law regarding vehicle
pursuits of non-violent felons.
Resolution/Corrective Action: A Department Capt8in offered to meet with lhe
homeowner to explain the pursuit policy and the competing factors that underlie it but the
complainant diclnot desire this.
11. Complaint of Improper Arrest #C 2008-014
Synopsis: Officers responded to a 911 call reponing a loud physical fight
between a lllan and a woman. When they arrived at the residence the woman ned the
scene and the man rel11C1 i ned. [-Ie exp la i ned that the woman vvas his gi 1'1 friend and tha t
they lived together at the resicience. Tiley had argueci about recent social plans and she
had tried to leave the apartment. The man had blocked her egress and pushed her to
prevent her frol11 leaving the apartment. She retaliated by scratching him with her nails
and made her escape. After the fight, she had no visible marks and he had a small scratch
on his chest. The man provided the officers with the woman's cell phone number and
they found her and took her st()tement which was consistent with these facts. Based on
the statements of both panies, the officers arrestecl the man for misdemeanor domestic
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battery. The \\oman filed a complaint that day contenciing that the police had had no
basis to arrest her boyfriend. The case was ultimately rejected for filing by the District
Attorney.
During the course of the Intern,d AfTairs investigation, the supervisor
investigating the complaint eXIJlained to the complainant that the arrest of her boyfrienci
was for a domestic battery rather than the more serious charge of willful injury of spouse,
which can be filed as a felony or a misllemeanor. When the complain,1l1t read the penal
code section, she indicated that she no 10llger wished to pursue the Lnternal Affairs
complaint of all improper arrest. The complaint investigation was nevertheless
completed, resulting in a finding of unfounded
Recommendation: The Auditor concurred with the Department's conclusion
that this was an appropriate arrest of the boyfriend and that the complaint should be
unfounded. Furthermore, the arrest was in keeping with the policy of a county-wide
protocol that emphasizes concern for lile safety or the domestic violence victim and
prevention of fllrther violence between the involved parties. We also reviewed the audio
tape of the interview with the complainant and observed that the Internal Affairs
investigator's patience, demeanor and knowledge while interviewing the complainant
was exemplary. We also found the Department's decision to complete the complaint
investigation, despite the apparent change of heart by the complainant to be the
appropriate decision. That said, we helVe recommended to the Internal Affairs unit thaL
in future instances when a complainani decides, during the course of a formal
i nvesti gation, to wi thd ra w the comp la i 11 t based on in [ormation provided by the
inves tigator, that sincere desire to withdraw should be confirmed by the head of IA in a
follow up contact. This will avoid even the appearance of subtle coercion or advocacy by
IA investigators, whose primary mission is fact gathering.
Resolution/Corrective Action: We agree with the Department's finding. Tht:
Department has accepted our recommendation to have the Internal Affairs unit
commander follow up with the complainant when he or sh e expresses a desire to
withdraw the complainant.
12. Complaint of Improper and Discourteolls Search of Person #C 2008-018
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Synopsis: An officer pulled a vehicle over for expired registration. The officer
discovered that, among the four occupants of the vehicle, the driver had an outstanding
telony drug walTant, passenger A had current drug charges pending, and passenger B \vas
on probation for a drug conviction anci was subject to search as a condition of her
probation. The officer searcllcd the whick: and fOLind I"Ock cocaine anci two cocaine
pipes. In the course of the seal'ch, another passenger told an officer that passenger B was
hiding drugs on her person. Thereafter, a male officer conducted a field search of
passenger B outside her clothing and in th e presence of another officer. He did not find
any contrabancl. He called a fema le ollicer to the scene to conduct a more thorough field
search. The female officer dicl not find any contTClband either. Passenger B was arrestecl
and charged with possession of drug p;lrapllen18lid. Passenger B complained to the
Department that it was inappropriate lor a male officer to search her in this \-\'ay. She did
not object to the basis for the search, simply the method.
Recommendation: The investigation of the complaint was commenced
immecliately alld the investigator interviewed all of the I'elevant witnesses, including a
brief'telephone interview of the compl:linant, but the investigator was unable to persumle
the complainant to respo nci lor a follo\\ up intcrview ciespite repeateci appointments <llhl
phone calls. The investigator also reviewed the MA V vicieo and audio tapes, but the
searches occurred outside the video frame. Based on the initial complaint, there were no
disputed facts as to the method of the search. The central question was whether a male
officer should have conducted the initial search of the female passenger's person. PAPD
policy and training allows a male officer to field search a female suspect outside her
clothing with the officer's lingers held together to minimize intrusion. The policy
recommends that when a search is conducted by an officer of the opposite sex, another
witness officer should be present. The evidence indicatecl that the officer complied with
these guidelines. The Auditor agreed that the allegation of exceeding lawful police
powers was un founded. The Auditor further understands that, while it is generally
preferable to li se a female officer in this circuIllstance, such is not always practical. Such
searches can easily calise offense or IlllsLlllderstanding, howeve r, and it is important to
document them as well as all other searches scrupulously. We recommend that the
Department remind field officers that they will be expected to optimize the
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documentation of field searches by utilizing the MAY system when the opportunity
presen ts itself.
Resolu tion/Corrective Action: PAPD has sent a response letter to the
Complainant. The Department has agreed to the Auditor's training recommendation.
13. Complaint of Discourteous Treatment #C 2008-022
Synopsis: An officer initiatecl ~l vehicle stop on a vehicle because the registration
was expired. He questioned the driver ,mel found that his license was suspended. There
were also problems with the registration of the vehicle. The officer counseled the fami Iy
members in the vehicle to clear up the documentation and required that the man's wife,
who had a valid license, though not in her possession, take the wheel for the rest of the
trip. The officer did not issue a citatioll.
Three men standing across the street had just lert a municipal meeting on the topic
of racially biased policing. They noticed the officer conducting a traffic stop, though
they had not seen the initial stop. They stopped to observe the officers actions and talked
about I'acial profiling. After completing the traffic investigation, the officer saw the men
and shined his spotlight on them for t\Vo to four seconds before turning the light off. He
recognized one of the men, w(lved anci drove off. The men contacted PAPD immediately
and a supervisor came out to illtel'vie\V them. They complained that the omcer had been
intentionally rude and had "as saulted '-them with the spotlight. They (llso believed that
the traffic stop might have been an example of racial profi ling.
Recommendation: The Auditor reviewed the interviews and MA V video of this
incident and determined that the officer was extremely courteous and professional
towards the motorist that he pulled over, as well as the occupants of the vehicle. A
review of this video evidence ,tiso docs not i mlicate allY c1pparent COl1cern on behalf 0 r
the vehicle occupants regarding the actions of the police officer. In fact, as noted above,
the ofJicer could well have cited and/or arrested the driver of the vehicle for driving with
a suspended license and the lack of CI valid registration but instead used his discretion to
resolve the issue without any formal action.
As for the officer's behavior toward the bystanclers across the street, there is litt Ie
dispute over thc facts. The cOl11plainClllts interpreted the officer's brief llse of the
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spotlight by the officer as rude and provocative. The officer indicated that he lIsed his
spotlight on the occupants for officer safety reasons in order to learn more about the
identity and intent of the onlookers, a common police practice.
Based on all of tile information, in particular the video evidence, there is no bnsis
whatsoever to cstablish improper actions by the officer and no basis for the allegation that
the stop consisted of racial profiling. Accordingly, the ALiciitor agreed with the
Depmlment's linding of exonerated for these alleg<1tions . This finding signifies that the
alleged action did take place but that it diclnot violate Department policy.
Resolution/Corrective Actioll: The Department has sent a response letter to the
complninants.
IV. Cases Pellding frOI11 Interim Report
14. Complaint of Mistaken Forfeiture orCaI' #C -2007-010
Synopsis: A car was stolen and used in a crime. While PAPD conducted the
initial arrest of the suspect, the vehicle was eventually transferred to the custody of the
police departmcnt in a neighboring jurisdiction where the crime had occurred. When the
owner tried to claim the car, she found that it had been sold as abandoned property in a
lien sale. The complainant alleged that she was not provided sufficient notice regarding
the selling of her vehicle.
Recommendation: PAPD conducted all investigation of this matter and the
Police Chiefhas come to an appropriate conclusion. While both the other police agency
and the complainant shared some responsibility for the failure to care for the
complainant's property, the complain,lllt was, after all, all innocent victim of the original
car theft. Because PAPD bears partial responsibility for lhe loss, corrective action
shoulcl be takell.
ResoIu tion/Corrective Action: The Police Cbiel' has agreecito ask the city to
contact the complainant to discuss compensation.
15. Complaint of Excessive Force and Unprofessional Conduct #C 2008-009
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Synopsis: PAPD officers assisted a police agency from another city in executing
an arrcst warrant and a search warrant at a house in Palo Alto. They arrested a suspect
staying as a guest in the house. He was wanted for a murder and an attempted murder
with <1 handgun which had occurred two cI<1Ys prior. PAPD offIcers were aware that the
gun was still outstanding and the suspect might be armed. Members of the family that
lived in the house complained that they were treated roughly and discourteously by
PAPD officers, that two of them were pushed to the ground, that they were forced to lie
on their front yard in handcu ffs for an excessive period or time, that guns were pointed
and profanities shouted at them, that the officers wore no name tags and would not
identify themselves, and that they were kept out of their home and confined on their
porch or front yard for an excessive period of timc.
Recommendatioll: While not the originating agency of the search or arrest
warrants, PAPD played a significant role in their execution. The Auditor recommended
that the Department review the incident for possible discourtesy, excessive force,
excessivedetelltion and failure to identifyoneselfin viol,ltion ofPAPD policies. The
Depmtment agl'eed to investigate this matter, met with the family to confirm the
complaint, interviewed family members and other witnesses as well as involved officers.
The Department determined that the complaints of excessive force and prolonged
detention were unfounded. The Department found that it could not determine whether or
not complainants had been treated in a discourteous or disrespectful manner, so that
complaint was deemed "unsustained." The Depmtment did sust<1in an allegation of
unreasonable conduct relating to an ol'licer slicing Ihl'Ough an outdoor canvas tarp in the
course of the search. The Dep<lrtment did not address the complaint that officers refused
to i d en ti fy themseJ ves.
The Auditor reviewecl the case file, including photographic and video evidence.
The Auditor asked for additional compan1tive analysis of the MAY videotapes and the
computerized radio traffic to determine the accuracy orthe MAY time clocks. PAPD
technical staff were able to pl'Ovide this.
The search and arrest arose from a criminal case of the most serious and urgent
nature. Forceful language and fast, even abrupt action to secure the location and clear the
individuals was justifiable under these cirCUJ11stallces. The evidence did not support the
IS
claim that the force used was excessive under the circuillstances. The Auditor conferred
with internal Affairs during the course of the investigation of these complaints and
emphasized the significance of the excessive detention complaint. While a search
warrant pursuant to a murder investigation is a high risk activity, the interests of members
of the public \-vho are not targets of the investigation 111 LiSt be respected as l11L1ch as
possible. Being handcuffed face clown on your front lawn during daylight hours in the
presence ofyoLir neighbors is ,I highly intrusive ,md porelltially humiliating experience.
The Auditor was aware that I) APD was not responsible for choosing the time of day for
the execution of the warrant nor did they plan to encounter family members on the front
porch and lawn. That is simply where the family was when the search warrant team
arrived. Nevertheless, the Auditor was troubled by the complainant's contention that
they were detained for over an hour while handcuffed and lying prone on the lawn. The
radio traffic and video evidence however makes it clem tllat the household members were
detained on the front lawn for less than fifteen minutes. This period, does not appear to
be excessive llnder the circumstances. The Auditor did however conclude that the
Department had failed to address the complainants' contention that the officers at the
scene had failed to provide their names to the householders during the incident. We
recommend tlult the Department revie\v its proceclures for providing identification to
COllllllun i ty members cluri ng I <trge po I ice operations. We a Iso recommended that plans
for futme operations of this nature include an oflicer assigned to videotape the crucial
stages of the event. The Department has agreed to do this.
Resolution/Corrective Action: The Department sent the complainants a letter
with the results of the investigation. Department executives also met with the family to
explain the department's reasoning. The Department has replaced the damaged tarp. The
Auditor commcnds the Department for meeting face-to-f,lce with the family members
after cOlllpletion of the investigation. Even before the conclusion of this internal
investigation, Department executives instituted procedural reforms arising from this
incident. Department trai ni ng sta ff was gi ven the fo Ilowi ng instruct ion for upcomi ng
training:
"[RJeinlorce the importance of providing clear, explicit commands
that anyone can follow during an arrest situation. There is no room
16
for offensive language in our profession .... arrest cOlllmands should
not include vulgarities."
Upcoming training \vill also inclucle instruction to insure that the MA V
system or other video devices are used to accurately record incidents wherever
practicable. Additionally, the Acting Police Chief has also laid out a written plan
focused on better serving the needs of householdlllembers for information and
assistance following incidents that may have"siglli ftcantly impacted the residCI1ts
of the house or the neighborhood." The plan instructs watch commanders where
appropriate to send an uninvolved supervisor to the scene to:
"Provide the citizens ,vith as much information about the legal authority
and procedures that we followed that allowed our agency to take the actions that
they took, (taking into account the public's right to know, the integrity of the
investigation and the ckfendanl's right to privacy)."
"Assist the citizens wherever possible, including how to file a claim
should we have damaged any pl'Operty in our operation."
"Ensure that all uses of force or claims of injury were ciocumented and
investigated. "
"Assist the citizen by accepting any citizen complaint."
"Provide the citizen with contact information ... to increase their
underst,lllcling of the incident."
"Assist thel~1l11ily in obtaining a copy oftllC police report should they seek
it and it is feasible to rel ease it."
"Assess whether a community meeting might be appropriate to explain
police actions or neighborhood safety."
16. Complaint of False Slntemellts and Omissiolls in Arrest Report #C-2006-0 I 0
Synopsis: A civil litigant was charged with felony vandalism against the
opposing party when PAPD investigators concluded that he had scratched the other
party's car with a metal object after losing in civil comt. The prosecution of the
vandalism case has been delayed by procedural writs that continue to work their way up
17
to higher courts of appeal. The vandalism defendant has complained to the Department
that the officer who investigated the vandalism made biased statements and omitted
evidence in his report.
Recommendation: The Auditor recoml11endecl that the department hold any
investigation ofthe complaint until after the resolution orthe criminal case. Any other
course of action would be disruptive to the court proceedings. The Department agreed.
Resolu (ion: The Department is monitori ng the status of the criminal case and has
prepared to commence the complaint investigation as soon as the criminal case is
resolved.
EJ'J'atllm: In the IPA Interill/ Report jor 200712008, the IPA described a citizen's
cOli/plaint concerning the adequacy ojpolice action dllring ([ police standby while a
jellwle spouse reilloved some clothes {{lid property frOIl/ the house tliot she alld her
husbolld shored. The IPA report synopsis illdico/ed thot the Hiife had requested the
police stalldby/or this process. This was Oil error. Injoct, the husb({lId hod requested
the police stondby. We upologizejor the lIIisclwracteriza/ioll ojthe standby request.
This[actual error, however, would hove 110 Sllbstolltive iii/pact on our conclusions or
recOllll7lendation.
Table of Complaint and Internal Affairs Investigations
Reviewed by the Auditor
April 2008 through January 2009
Case No. Casell nvestigation Allegation Results of Resolution
Type Investigation
C-2007-Citizen Complaint Improper Unfounded Results and
011 request for legal basis
identification explained to
complainant
C-2007-Citizen Complaint Harassment Investigation Complainant
015 suspended informed of
status
18
IA-2008-Internal Affairs Sexual Founded Offic er retired
003 In vestigation Harassment
I
IA-2008-Internal Affairs Discourtesy, Founded Suspension
004 Investigation Harassment
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Inadequate Unfounded Offer to refer
005 service and matter to traffic
discourtesy I services
I rej ected
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Threatening Unfounded Complainant I
006 improper informed of
action results; offic er
cautioned
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Improper arrest Unfounded Complainant
008 informed of
results
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Inadequate Unfounded Training bulletin
010 service and briefing
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Improper arrest Unfounded Complainant
011 for DUI informed of
results
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Inadequate Unfounded Department
013 attempt to captain offered
apprehend to meet with
burglars complainant to
explain pursuit
policy.
Complainant
informed of
results.
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Improper Unfounded Department
014 domestic policy explained
violence arrest to complainant;
procedural
change for
complaint
investiQations
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Discourteous Unfounded Complainant
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018 search of informed of I
person of results;
opposite sex department will
train on
utilization of
MAV system
C-2008-Citizen Complaint Discourteous Unfounded Complainants
022 treatment with informed of
spot light; results
possible racial
profilinq
Cases Pending from Previolls Reports
C-2007-Citizen Mistaken Founded Complainant to
010 Complaint forfeiture of car be contacted re
compensation
C-2008-Citizen Excessive force, Unfounded Complainant met
009 Co mplaint excessive for excessive with
detention and force & complainants to
unprofessional detention; discuss results;
conduct Unsustained Procedure
for changes and
discourtesy; training
Founded for
inappropriate I
destruction of
I property
C-2006-Citizen Folse Investigation None I 010 Complaint statements and pending
I
omissions in resolution of
arrest report criminal case
V. Conclusion
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The Palo Alto Police Department has undergone a significant transition over the past
year, including the recent retirement of the Chief of Police. We take this opportunity to
note that Chief Johnson alw<lys worked with the Auditor in a spirit of mutual respect.
Civilian oversight with full ,1ccess is still an unsettling 110velty for many law enforcement
executives, but Chief.lohnson acceptccl the IPA with all attitude of progress and always
provided us with the 8ccess, dialogue, and receptivity that we requirecl to fulfill our
m8nd8te from the City. We have continueci to build offoftl18t initial t·elationship with
Department leaders during this current tr8llsitional ph8se.
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