HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 332-09TO: HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM: CITY MANAGER
DATE: AUGUST 3,2009
REPORT: REPORT OF OFFICIALS
DEPARTMENT: PLANNING AND
COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT
CMR: 332:09
SUBJECT: Adoption of a Resolution Amending Green Building Standards for
Compliance, Tables A & B for Non-Residential and Residential Projects, and
Review of Report on Implementation of the City's Green Building
Ordinance.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report provides a summary of inlplementation of the City's Green Building Ordinance,
(Palo Alto Municipal Code (PAMC) Chapter 18.44). Over the past year, the program covered
264 permits and influenced $8,306,638 in valuation and 98,275 square feet of construction to
incorporate strategies that are environmentally and socially responsible, and improve occupant
health.
Staff recommends that Council adopt, by Resolution, amendments to the tables adopted by
Council in June 2008 in conjunction with its adoption of the Green Building Ordinance. The
revised tables set forth green building compliance thresholds, rating systems, and compliance
verification for private development by project type. The amendments increase requirements for
existing buildings with a particular focus on increasing building owner knowledge of the
building's energy efficiency, and adjust the covered project definitions based on lessons learned
from the first year of program implementation.
RECOMMENDATION
Staff and the Architectural Review Board recommend that the City Council review this report
describing the past year's implementation of the City's Green Building Ordinance, and adopt the
attached Resolution (Attachment A) referencing proposed amendments to Tables A & B
(Resolution Exhibits 1 and 2).
BACKGROUND
In June of 2008, the City of Palo Alto adopted a mandatory Green Building Ordinance (P AMC
Chapter 18.44) requiring specific project types to meet minimum standards for compliance and
verification using the appropriate U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) Leadership in Energy
and Environmental Design (LEED) or Build It Green (BIG) Green Point Rated (GPR) green
building rating systems.
The goal of the Palo Alto Green Building Program is to design, build and operate a new
generation of efficient, environmentally responsible, and healthy buildings in the City of Palo
Alto. Building green can have a significant impact on reducing energy, water and natural
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resource consumption, and can improve Palo Alto citizens' well being through improved indoor
air quality and comfort. Green building is the practice of taking an integrated approach to
building construction, building systems, and building sites to provide more environmentally
responsive, healthy, productive, economical places to work, learn and live. Green building also
goes beyond the physical buildings to consider how the site and buildings interact with the
community and transportation infrastructure.
The associated Resolution, adopted in conjunction with the ordinance, referred to the standards
for green building compliance, and includes:
• Table A; City of Palo Alto Green Building Standards for Compliance for Private
Development, Nonresidential Construction and Renovation, and
• Table B, City of Palo Alto Green Building Standards for Compliance for Private
Development, Residential Construction and Renovation.
P AMC Section 18.44.040 requires that any amendments to the standards for green building
compliance be considered and recommended by the Architectural Review Board. There is also a
need to update the Historic Resources Board and Planning and Transportation Commission on
the progress made implementing the ordinance during the first year of the Palo Alto Green
Building Program.
This report covers the first year of ordinance implementation and performance of the Palo Alto
Green Building Program, and describes proposed amendments to the green building
requirements (Tables A and B).
PROGRAM REPORT
The Green Building Ordinance requires staff to return to Council one year after the effective date
to report on program implementation. Therefore, this report covers program performance from
July 1, 2008 -June 30, 2009. Staff anticipates that future program reports will be provided
during the annual Earth Day report in April of each year, covering the previous year performance
from January 1 -December 31.
Over the past year, the Palo Alto Green Building Program was created both to implement the
Green Building Ordinance, and to address implementation of and interaction with the City's
Energy Efficiency Ordinance and Construction and Demolition Debris Diversion (C&D)
Ordinance. Staff has implemented several key measures establishing staff and community
building activities and program performance over the last year, and has gained insight into areas
where the program could be better optimized, as described in the "Discussion on Amendments"
section of this report.
Green Building Implementation Activities
The following are staff and community building activities that were undertaken and completed
during the past fiscal year to implement the Green Building Ordinance:
• Hiring of Experienced Staff and Training of Existing Staff -In early October 2008, the City
filled the vacant C&D position (funded by Public Works Operations budget) with a qualified
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staff member who is a LEED Accredited Professional, with BIG's Green Point Rater (GPR)
Training, and experience in green building policy, standard development, education and
project review. Staff initiated the program, with assistance from a City of San Jose employee
through the Management Talent Exchange Program, and from interns from Stanford and
California State University San Luis Obispo (Cal-Poly), which allowed the C&D program to
continue to run while the green building program was established. Additional staff merrlbers
in the Planning and Community Environment, Public Works, and Utilities Departments have
undergone training and/or have become accredited/certified under the USGBC LEEDIBIG
GPR programs, respectively.
• Developing the Palo Alto Green Building Program Guide (Guide) -The Guide was
developed as a tool to assist the community in understanding the City's program and to
provide infonnation on why green building is important. The Guide describes the City's
project requirements and submittal and review processes, as well as presents financial
incentives and helpful outside resources to assist with compliance.
• Developing a New Green Building Website The Planning and Community Environment
Department website added a new green building section that allows applicants to view
successful green projects in the City, the goals and purpose of the green building program,
links to financial' incentives for building green, and outside resources. From the site, users
can download the Palo Alto Green Building Guide to find specific infonnation regarding the
proj ect type the user is undertaking, at
http://www.cityofpaloalto.orgldepts/plnlgreen building/default.asp.
• Streamlining the C&D and Energy Ordinance Compliance Reviews -C&D and building
energy efficiency are a subset of the broader practice of green building; therefore the
requirements for both were merged into' one program and the application process was
combined for ease of implementation by the City and community. The C&D Debris
Diversion Ordinance requires covered projects to achieve a 75% diversion rate and requires
applicants to bring all debris to an approved facility. The Energy Efficiency Ordinance
requires covered projects to achieve energy savings 15% beyond the California State Energy
Code.
• Integrating Green Building into the Permit and Inspection Process -Staff established new
review and enforcement protocol through the planning and building application processes,
including updating existing forms, proj ect checklists, and the Accela building permit tracking
systen1 to account for green building review and inspection.
• Achieving Greater Cost Recovery -Staff assessed the fiscal and staffing needs to run the
green building program to ensure greater cost recovery. The FY 2010 budget passed in June
2009 includes new fees ranging from approximately $100 -$800 for projects covered under
the Green Building Ordinance to cover staff time to review projects and enforce the
requirements. Project fees were determined by the size of the project, and whether the City
was providing verification in house, or through the Build It Green or the Green Building
Certification Institute.
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• Adding New Enforcement Options -The Ordinance requires compliance as its primary
enforcement mechanism. Final building inspections are delayed until the proj ect can show an
adequate level of compliance. In order to expand compliance options, in July 2009, the
administrative penalty schedule was updated to allow fines for non-compliant green building
projects at $500 per day of non-compliance. There are currently no incentives for complying
since all projects must comply, however rebates are offered for building green through the
Utilities and Public Works Departments.
• Creating a Performance Database -Staff established performance indicators for determining
the effectiveness of the program including, but not limited to, number of projects by type,
number of occupants in green buildings, square footage, points achieved, water reduction,
energy savings, waste diverted, greenhouse gas emission reductions, and dollars spent on
environmentally preferable materials. In addition, the system tracks review time to ensure
green building review and inspection are not responsible for prolonging the building process.
• Participating in City, Regional and National Events and Efforts -City staff participates in
city, regional and national green building related events and efforts. City staff presented a
session regarding the Green Building Ordinance and program implementation at the AIA
(American Institute for Architects) International Conference and at the Bay Area City
Attorney's Association, participated on the Energy and Climate Taskforce to develop green
building indicators for cities nationally through ICLEI (Local Governments for
Sustainability), participated in the Build It Green Public Agency Council and in the Santa
Clara County Cities Association Green Building Collaborative to develop policy
recommendations for use throughout the county (Attachment E). In addition, the City's
ordinance was recognized as a model ordinance by the International Municipal Lawyers
Association.
Looking Forward
In the coming year and beyond, staff anticipates preparing for when green building is just the
way all building occurs in Palo Alto. The following are some of the activities pialmed for the
comIng years:
• Building Greater Staff Capacity Staff intends to work toward reducing reliance on
certifying bodies such as the Green Building Certification Institute and Build It Green by
increasing capacity for staff reviews and on-site inspections of covered green building
projects. Limited staff are currently providing this service for a small percentage of projects.
Integrating these functions into the department could reduce costs and time for applicants and
can prepare the department for future code requirements for green building at the state level.
In particular, staff proposes to increase training and certification in energy efficiency plan
review and on-site compliance inspections. It will be necessary, however, to assure that City
review, inspection and costs are not duplicative of those done by outside bodies.
• Developing a Recognition Program Staff proposes to establish a recognition program to
acknowledge all covered projects that have achieved compliance with mandatory green
building requirements via certificate, plaque or window decal to honor this achievement. This
is particularly valuable for projects that are verified by the City rather than by an outside
agency (such as the Green Building Certification Institute or Build It Green), since all
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projects must undergo a similarly stringent compliance review. This program would be in
addition to the Architectural Review Board awards for exceptional buildings, which happen
every five years. The 2010 awards will likely include awards for Green Buildings.
• Focusing Efforts on Existing Buildings -Staff expects to focus greater efforts on
understanding the current performance of the existing building stock, where the greatest
environmental and performance improvements can be made~ These efforts are further
outlined in the discussion on the proposed Ordinance anlendments.
• Continuing to Track Rating Systems. Code and Policy Development and Their Relationship
and Integration into the Green Building Program -It is important for staff to stay current on
green building rating system changes, technology and strategy innovations, and green
building codes and policies at both regional and national levels. These include, but are not
limited to: LEED, BIG, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 189, and the California Green Building Code. Staff is
particularly interested in finding innovative ways to incorporate the LEED for Neighborhood
Development (LEED-ND) program into large projects and broad City planning strategies as
well as on implementation scenarios for new requirements being proposed for the CA Green
Building Code changes.
Program Performance
Over the past year, there have been 264 permits issued for projects covered under the green
building compliance standards. Some findings related to the distribution are as follows:
• Residential vs Nonresidential Permits -100 permits, or 38%, were nonresidential and 164-
permits, or 62%, were residential;
• Mandatory Requirements vs Good Faith Efforts (Voluntary) -72 permits, or 27%, had
mandatory green building requirements and 192, or 63% only had construction and
demolition debris diversion and/or good faith effort requirements such as checklist
submittal only;
• Mandatory Requirement Permits by Project Type -22 permits, or close to 30% of those
with mandatory green building requirements were for nonresidential existing buildings,
and 50 permits or close to 70% were for new construction;
• Good Faith Effort Permits by Project Type -114 permits, or 43%, of the total number of
permits were for residential renovations or small additions.
The mandatory requirements influenced $80,412,694 of construction funding toward green
building and over 666,500 square feet of space. Within Palo Alto, there are at least nine (9)
LEED registered proj ects in process to be certified by the Green Building Certification Institute,
about 30 in process to be certified by Build It Green, and at least 15 proj ects being verified by
the City.
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Only five (5) of the 72 pennits with mandatory green building requirements have successfully
completed the green building program. It is important to note that projects with mandatory green
building requirements are also typically those that have a longer construction period; therefore,
many projects that were covered under the requirements when the program started, on July 1,
2008, have not yet completed construction. In addition, while only five proj ects have
successfully completed the green building progranl, there are nlany other projects that predate
the mandatory requirements and are voluntarily meeting the City's requirements. All completed
projects achieved the exact number of points, or slightly exceeded the minimum number of green
building points required for the project; however, more recently, staff is seeing (on average)
applicants striving for point targets 30-40% higher than the City minimum points. The five
projects that successfully completed the green building program:
• totaled project valuations of$8,306,638 and 98,275 square feet of construction;
• include 750 employees in Palo Alto;
• achieved on average 24% energy efficiency savings;
• reduced ind()or water use by 69,500 gallons per year;
• reduced outdoor water use by 50,000 gallons per year;
• expended $635,174 on environmentally preferable building materials;
• diverted 704.98 tons of waste from landfill; and
• reduced CO2 emissions by over 200 tons;
At least half of the completed projects installed low-emitting materials, had access to public
transportation, perfonned commissioning, and increased pervious surfaces on site. In addition,
all of the projects achieved at least a 75% debris diversion rate from the landfill.
PROPOSED GREEN BUILDING AMENDMENTS
Staff took the opportunity of reporting on program implementation outcomes to amend the
compliance standards. Each of the goals is discussed further below. The amendments are
proposed for Table A and Table B (both attachments are annotated to indicate proposed
changes), which were original attachnlents to the Green Building Ordinance passed a year ago
and outline green building requirements by proj ect type. The amendments will go into effect
concurrently with the final adoption of the 2008 California Energy Code and local amendments,
expected in January 2010, to ensure compliance with the newest version of the California State
Energy Code. The changes were driven by a number of goals to increase the effectiveness of the
program, including:
• Adding an energy efficiency and existing building emphasis;
• Incorporating lessons learned on covered proj ect types; and
• Clarifying definitions and language for consistency with referenced Green Building
rating systems, codes and programs.
The changes will require covered existing buildings to understand their current energy
perfonnance and how it can be improved, and will allow the City to more effectively require
green building requirements based on project scope rather than valuation.
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Adding an Energy Efficiency and Existing Building Emphasis
It is important to note that the City already has a separate Energy Efficiency Ordinance that
functions compatibly with the Green Building Ordinance. Because the point thresholds in the
Green Building Ordinance require achievement of some energy-related points, in 2008, Council
adopted the California Energy Code and an Energy Efficiency Ordinance making local energy
efficiency amendnlents. The Energy Efficiency Ordinance, approved by the California Energy
Commission, provides the legal authority for the energy efficiency requirements that are already
part of the Green Building Ordinance.
The City currently has no mandatory green building requirements for a majority of
nonresidential existing building projects, and no requirements for existing residences. However,
existing buildings dominate the built environment and hold the greatest potential for major
carbon reductions through energy and water savings. The existing building stock is where action
must be taken to achieve energy efficiency measures in support of the City climate action plan,
and state and national goals. In the current economy, new construction is playing a smaller role
than it has in the past. In addition, the California Public Utilities Commission's Energy
Efficiency Strategic Plan, supporting the state carbon reduction mandate of AB32, set a goal of
40 percent energy savings in aU homes within 12 years and 80 percent by 2050. To meet these
necessary environmental targets would require Palo Alto's existing buildings, as well as
buildings in other cities, to be renovated at a rate many times the current level of improvements.
Addressing the existing building stock is both necessary and an opportunity for the City to be a
leader and move in a direction that will prepare the greater community for an uncertain energy
future that will also protect its environment; few cities in the State have set mandatory,
aggressive policies or programs for existing buildings. The revisions follow two priorities for
energy efficiency and existing buildings.
Requiring a Performance Approach
In the nonresidential sector (Table A), all new construction over 500 square feet is currently
required to meet an established level in the LEED rating system. However, in the LEED
rating system, there is a prerequisite (a nlandatory requirement that must be met prior to
points being claimed) that allows two paths for ensuring minimum energy efficiency
measures are met. There is a performance path through demonstrating a 10% improvement
over the California State Energy Code (Title 24, Part 6) or ASHRAE 90.1, a national energy
code, or a prescriptive path under ASHRAE 90.1 that requires specified energy strategies.
The proposed amendments would require proj ects in the City to choose the performance
path.
Increasing the Energy "10" of the Owner
Lack of owner awareness remains one of the biggest challenges to improving efficiency of
existing buildings. Amendments to both the nonresidential and residential sector would
require existing buildings undergoing substantial renovations to understand their energy use,
their performance compared to other sinli1ar buildings, and to identify strategies for
inlprovement using two well recognized systems. Rather than emphasizing individual retrofit
measures, the program would focus on a "whole building" approach to understanding energy,
which can deliver much greater energy savings, health and comfort benefits, and much
higher owner satisfaction.
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The nonresidential sector table (Table A) would require applicants, for projects involving
covered existing buildings, to submit a Building Energy Performance Rating using the
Energy STAR Portfolio Manager software tool. The Energy STAR Portfolio Manager is
managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Portfolio Manager is a free,
interactive energy management tool that allows building owners to track and assess energy
and water consumption of a given project. The project would receive an energy performance
rating on a scale of 1-100 relative to similar buildings nationwide.
The residential sector table (Table B) would require applicants, for projects involving
covered existing buildings, to perform a HERS IT Rating starting January 2011. HERS stands
for the California Home Energy Rating System, a statewide program administered by the
California Energy Conlffiission under statutory requirenlents. Phase I of the HERS Progranl
provides field verification and diagnostic testing to show compliance with Title 24, Part 6, of
the Building Energy Efficiency Standards. HERS Phase IT expands the program to include
whole-house home energy efficiency ratings for existing and newly constructed homes.
The definition of a covered project for this level was amended from projects having a
valuation greater than $75,000, to projects having a valuation greater than $100,000 and
more than 250 square feet of floor area to ensure that the owner undertakes a significant
enough improvement to benefit from the rating and to incur the time and cost of undertaking
it. In addition, the requirements for residential applicants will not be effective until 2011 to
ensure there is enough time for the commlmity to familiarize themselves with the new
requirement and pro gram.
Requiring use of the Energy STAR Portfolio Manager and HERS IT program would not
mandate design or require improvements to a proj ect. However:
(l)Applicants using the programs would only be required to learn and begin to understand
their project's energy performance; the City does not require that they make improvements to
their score. The City's goal would be for owners to use the knowledge, particularly if the
project is a low performer, to make informed decisions on home improvements that can save
the owner money and energy;
(2)Requiring applicants applying for projects involving existing buildings to understand the
building'S energy performance will move the City further toward requiring a specified level
of performance in the future; and
(3)Since applicants will be required to submit their energy performance rating to the City,
staff will be able to create a database to better track and understand the performance of the
existing building stock, to learn how the City compar~s to other cities, and to know where to
target efforts to improve efficiency and reach Climate Action Plan targets.
hlco[porating Lessons Learned on Covered Pro; ect Types
Staff has gained a better understanding of how different project types fit into the different green
building requirement levels and the issues facing verification. Staff found that the non-residential
requirements for large projects (over 5,000 square feet of floor area, over $500,000 valuation and
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over 50% of building square footage) are capturing projects for which it is impractical to apply
comprehensive green building practices, and are not capturing projects where green building
requirements should be applied. For example, a project may have fallen into the requirements
listed above, but the scope of the project only included major equipment installation throughout
the building which caused high valuation, with the majority of the building and systems being
untouched. Another example is a $3 million renovation over 5,000 square feet with a scope that
touched every system and surface, but did not qualify to comply with the ordinance because it
did not cover over 50% of the entire existing buildings square footage because the building was
so large.
The proposed amendments would change the existing standards for large non-residential projects
so that the standards would be based on square footage and scope of a project, rather than project
valuation and percentage of the whole building being renovated. The revised requirements would
apply to a project over 5,000 square feet and with substantial renovations to at least two systems
(HVAC, lighting, plumbing or interior surfaces/partitions). In general, staff found that valuation
was not as good an indicator (for whether green building was practical) as square footage or
scope would be; therefore an effort was made to delete valuation as an indicator.
Starf also found that projects that were "rebuilds" of existing buildings, essentially new
construction, did not have any mandatory green building requirements. The proposed
amendments require both nonresidential tenant improvements, renovations or alterations as set
forth in Table A, Section "C", and residential "rebuilds" to achieve some green building
requirements, or at minimum, to meet a certain level of energy performance starting in 2011.
The amendments also codify the availability of in-house (City staff) verification as an option at
all compliance levels. The City was already providing this option for some project types, and the
increasing level of green building experience and knowledge of City staff now make this more
practical. This proposed amendment would impact both nonresidential and residential projects. If
the City is chosen for verification, staff reviewers will still rely on the submittals of extensive
work by certified and/or experienced green building professionals such as LEED Accredited
Professionals and Green Point Raters.
Clarifying Definitions and Language for Consistency with Referenced Green Building Rating
Systems, Codes and Programs
Reference in the table to the U.S. Green Building Council is proposed to be replaced with the
Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI). In early 2009, GBCl assumed responsibility for
overseeing all LEED proj ect certification. GBCI proposes to improve processing time, ensure
credibility and integrity in the certification process, and separate the body that develops the
standard from the certifying body.
Reference to a specific derivation of a rating system (LEED for New Construction or LEED for
Commercial Interiors) is proposed to be replaced with the overarching rating systenl to give
greater flexibility to the applicant based on the project type.
BOARD/COMMISSION REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS
On July 16,2009, staff presented the proposed amendments to the standards in a public hearing
to the Architectural Review Board (ARB) for recommendation to City Council. The ARB
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recommended, on a 5-0-0-0 vote, that Council approve the Resolution adopting the revised
tables.
The table changes were also informally reviewed by community stakeholders on July 1 7 and
commented on by California Energy Commission Buildings Standards Implementation staff.
Neither recommended any changes to the proposed amendments. In addition, two public study
sessions were conducted with the Historic Review Board (July 15, 2009) and Planning and
Transportation Commission (July 29, 2009) allowing staff to present a summary of the first year
implementation of the Green Building Program and to describe the proposed table changes. The
HRB recommended that to be explicit, a row should be added to the compliance tables showing
that all proj ects that do not fit into any of the proj ect categories do not have any green building
requirements. Staffplans to add this to the implementation guide. Staffwill sumnlarize the
P&TC con1ments during the presentation to Council and verbatim minutes from the July 29
study session will be provided at places for Council's consideration.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
The recommendations set forth are consistent with and further a number of existing City policies.
For the past three years, the City Council has ranked environmental protection among its top
three annual goals. The amendments to Tables A and B, which outline the green building
compliance requirements, are consistent with the Green Building Ordinance adopted in June of
2008, which added Chapter 18.44 to the Palo Alto Municipal Code. The amendments are also
consistent with the Energy Efficiency Ordinance, which added chapter 16.18 to the Palo Alto
Municipal Code establishing local energy efficiency standards based on the 2005 California
Energy Code.
The Green Building Program also promotes the City's Climate Protection Plan (CPP) and Zero
Waste goals. In 2007, the City Council approved the Climate Protection Plan (CPP) that
provided direction to reduce green house gas emissions associated with buildings as one method
to reduce Palo Alto's impact on climate change. The plan proposed implementing specific
requirements for green building and adopting the 2005 California Energy Code to achieve
emission reduction goals.
Finally, the amendnlents support the City's Comprehensive Plan and Sustainability Plan, which
note several green building strategies as key categories of sustainability focus throughout.
RESOURCE IMPACT
If the proposed amendments are adopted, relevant resource impacts could include staff time and
owner expenses. The amendments are unlikely to cause an increase in the applications submitted
under the green building progranl, but are likely to increase the time necessary to review an
individual application. The review time depends greatly upon whether a project with mandatory
requirements chooses to use the City for verification instead of using GBCI or BIG. Applicants'
motivation to choose one verification method over another may include recognition, time, cost
and convenience. Staff is confident, based on the past year, that a manageable number of non-
residential project applicants will choose City verification and the nlajority of residential projects
will choose BIG verification, without increased permit fees. However, the City will need to
adjust its permit fees to allow the option of an increased fee in the event that residential projects
choose City verification to ensure cost recovery.
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The only additional owner expenses that are introduced with these amendments would be costs
associated ·with the energy performance rating requirements for existing buildings for both non-
residential and residential projects. For non-residential projects, the Energy STAR Portfolio
Manager program is free; however, time would be needed to input the necessary building
performance information to obtain a rating. If the owner has easy access to the building's energy
and water bills, as well as building characteristics, the time needed would be minimal, typically
under four hours. For residential projects, the owner would be required to hire a HERS II Rater
to audit the home and provide a rating and recommendations. The cost of a rater is estimated at
$300-$600 for an audit and would only be required for projects with valuations over $100,000.
The audit cost is minimal considering the benefit to the owner of understanding their building's
energy performance, and being able to identify strategies that can significantly save money,
reduce environmental impacts and can also improve resale value.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
The adoption of the proposed amendments is categorically exempt from the provisions of the
California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) per Section 15308 of CEQA Guidelines.
PREPARED BY:
KRtSTIN'HEtNEN
Associate Planner
DEP AR'fMENT HEAD:
CURTIS WILLIAMS
Director of Planning and Community Environment
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
JAM:EfS'REENE ( /.
City ~;~riager LJ
ATTACHMENTS
A. Resolution
B. Table A. City of Palo Alto Green Building Standards for Compliance for Private
Development Nonresidential Construction and Renovation (Not Redlined / Redlined)
C. Table B. City of Palo Alto Green Building Standards for Compliance for Private
Development Residential Construction and Renovation (Not Redlined / Redlined)
D. Letter from Silicon Valley Leadership Group dated June 16, 2009
E. Responses to Questions from Commissioner Keller for July 29,2009 PTC
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ATTACHMENT A
NOT YET APPROVED
RESOLUTION NO. ---RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO
ALTO ADOPTING REVISED GREEN BlTILDING STANDARDS
(' FOR COMPLIANCE FOR PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
WHEREAS, on May 12, 2008, the City Council considered regulations for
the incorporation of green building teclmiques and materials in private residential and
nonresidential development projects and adopted Ordinance No. 5006; and
WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 5006 specifies that green building standards for
compliance shall be set forth by resolution of the City Council after recommendation
from the Director of Planning and Community Enviro~nt and the Architectural
Review B~ard. Such st~n?ards f?r compliance shall inc~u~~he t~pes of projects s~bj ect
to regulation, green buildIng rating systems to be appheg'to varIOUS types of proJects,
minimum thresholds for compliance and timing and methods of verification of
compliance with green building regulations; and
WHEREAS, on May 12, 2008 the City Council adopted green building
standards for compliance for private development projects set forth in two tables that
were attached to Resolution No. 8825; and
WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 5006 also specifies that not later than one year
after its effective date, a report shall be prepared for presentation to the Architectural
Review Board, Historic Resources Board, Planning and Transportation Commission, and
City Council regarding the results of implementation of the Ordinance.
WHEREAS, on August 3, 2009, the City Council received the report
regarding the initial year of the Green Building program and considered revisions to the
green building standards for compliance associated with Ordinance No. 5006; and
WHEREAS, the Director of Planning and Community Environment and the
Architectural Review Board do hereby recommend that the City Council approve the
proposed revisions to the green building standards for compliance for private
development projects set forth in Table A and Table B and attached to this resolution.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Council of the City of Palo Alto does hereby
RESOLVE as follows:
SECTION 1. The Council hereby approves the revised green building
standards for compliance for private development projects as set forth in Table A and
Table B attached to this resolution.
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090727 syn 6050919
NOT YET APPROVED
SECTION 2. This resolution shall take effect on January 1, 2010, or upon
the date that ·the 2008 edition of the California Energy Code becomes effective,
whichever is later; provided that the City's Ordinance establishing local energy efficiency
standards for certain buildings and improvements covered by the 2008 California Energy
Code has been approved by the City Council and the California Energy Commission.
INTRODUCED AND PASSED:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST: APPROVED:
City Clerk Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
City Manager
Deputy City Attorney
Director of Planning and Community
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Attachment B
Note: Applicants are advised to use this table only in conjunction with the entirety of requirements in Chapter 18.44 (Green Building Regulations)
I TRACK CHANGES ACCEPTED --EFFECTIVE JANUARY 2010
Table A. City of Palo Alto Green Building Standards for Compliance for Private Development Nonresidential Construction and Renovation
.' -'... J • -, -• ~ --....
"Fype of Project ; -~,-.~ < ' -_, ' : ~ I Rlltia&System, '-r·~,1. -,'. -; ~ . ~ %, -;. -," ~--V rift ti -.
~ "', c-, ;'. _ •• ..... ' ----0'. -_ . Cod' P -'. -' u o· / .-! ~ .r~.--. ". '?' '0", e caOD ,1
-_ ~ I .. 1 _ f r eor .rocram M ....... mTbnsJaold .. ;'.~ .c-~ _ . -'-~, ~'. ..' ,Il '._::1 0 t,.
..........-; __ " r .... _ ~I _' ... _ -_~-::l'" _ ~
A. New construction ~ 5,000 sf USGBC LEED LEED Silver GBCI or CPA
(including additions to existing buildings) The Project Must Choose the LEED Energy Performance Approach.
B. New construction ~ 500 sf and < 5,000 sf USGBC LEED Prerequisites + 5 points (round up) required for every 500 sf GBCI or CPA
(including additions to existing buildings) The Project Must Choose the LEED Energy Performance Approach.
C. Tenant improvements, renovations, or alteratiop.s ~ 5,000 sf USGBC LEED LEED Certified GBCI or CPA
of floor area that include replacement or alteration of at least
two of the following: HV AC system, building envelope,
plumbing systems, lighting systems, and/or interior
finishes/partitions.
D. Renovations and alterations 2:.500 sf that don't fall under USGBC LEED LEED Checklist CPA
Project Types C. Energy STAR Building Energy Performance Rating
Portfolio Manager I
Sf*iaICoDSjderatiou&Qe6nitio~ -_ -,"<'-,'~.r L,:~~'~~",<I< , _o"-t~:-'" _~ .~~ ~ : --. ~ . '_-::-.~'. 'o-_,: ... ~-~:~~-?:':~".·';'-.~' "-.~\~~ =::C'~~i{"~<·-:~\
M' U D Mixed use projects must comply with the applicable project type requirements based on the scope of the project. To be determined by the Planning Director; generally the provisions of Table A
lXed se evelopments will apply to the commercial portion of the development, and the provisions of Table B will apply to the residential portions of the development.
H' . S Exemptions may be available for historic structures, pursuant to Section 18.44.070 of the ordinance. The Compliance Official may allow the use of alternative checklists for historic buildings or
Istonc tructures for buildings that retain or re-use substantial portions of the existing structure.
Multi Year Cumulative Cumulative new construction or renovations over any 2-year period shall be considered as a single project, subject to the highest level of green building requirements for that project, unless
Construction exempted by the Planning Director as impractical for compliance.
U I P , Projects with an unusual scope of work or with unique circumstances may apply for an exemption to the green building requirements to be determined by the Planning Director, pursuant to Palo
nusua rOJects Alto Municipal Code Section 18.44.070.
USGBC LEED stands for the U.S. Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. Projects must comply with the applicable, and current, LEED® rating system ,
USGBC LEED including but not limited to LEED-NC (New Construction), LEED-CS (Core & Shell), LEED-CI (Commercial Interiors), or LEED-EB (Existing Buildings). An alternative, equivalent rating
system or program may be substituted as approved by the Planning Director, after recommendation by the applicant or Architectural Review Board (if ARB review is required).
GBCI The Green Building Certification Institute provides 3rd party verification services for the LEED rating system .
. CPA The City of Palo Alto staff with expertise in green building will provide in-house review similar in structure and stringency to that of the GBCI.
E STAR P rtti r The Energy STAR Portfolio Manager is managed by the US. Environmental Protection Agency, Portfolio Manager is an interactive energy management tool that allows you to track and assess
Mnergy 0 010 energy and water consumption of your project. The project will receive an energy performance rating on a scale of 1-100 relative to similar buildings nationwide. The project is not required to
anager change its rating, but this tool will help applicants understand a projects rating and how it compares to others.
Building Envelope The building envelope is the ensemble of exterior and demising partitions of a building that enclose conditioned space. (Defined by California Energy Code Title 24, Part 6)
P , 't Prerequisites are green building strategies required by the LEED rating system before points may be claimed for any project type. They are mandatory measures, not options as determined by rerequisl es LEED.
Note: Applicants are advised to use this table only in conjunction with the entirety of requirements in Chapter 18.44 (Green Building Regulations)
I TRACK CHANGED - -EFFECTIVE JANUARY 2010
Table A. City of Palo Alto Green Building Standards for Compliance for Private Development Nonresidential Construction and Renovation
, Type of Project
Ne&.-.sideatial C9IIRAleti9D And Reu8\'atien'"
~New construction_ 2: 2.5,000 sf
(including additions to existing buildings)
New cORstnlOtiOR2:: 5,999 sfane < 25,9(:)9 sf
~New construction 2: 500 sf and < 5,000 sf
(including additions to existing buildings)
C. Tenant improvements. rR:enovation~ or
alterations> 5,000 sf of floor area that include
replacement or alteration of at least two of the
following: HV AC system, building envelope,
plumbing systems, lighting systems, and/or interior
finishes/partitions. oo§; 2:: 59% ofproject sf aRd ::::
~{> Hal11AtiAR~
D. Renovations and alterations> 500 sf that don't
fall under Project Types C.
Other reRo,.,ati9R:::: $19Q,QQge va-luatioR
New e9RstI1:lGtion < 5QQ sfane reRoYation <
$lgg,QQQe of val Hat ion
CheeWi8t ReqtejFM
Rating System, Code or
PnJ2ram
-;;r
BWliI:fIiB¥-llBprevemellt5
Minimum Threshold
~-::I ...
USGBC LEEDLEED NC I LEED Silver en RAiRt~)
Chesklist
T .f.:FO }JG. G.l:!@Gkli~t
USGBC LEEDLEED }IC
Checklist
The Project l\1ust Choose the LEED Energy Perfonnance
Approach.
LEED Silver (33 poiRts)
LEED Pro ratee POiRts Prerequisites + 5 points (round
up) required for everY 500 sf -Pro rated formula (Rew
cORstructioR sf/5,99Q) x. 33poiRts, bHt Rot less thaR 17
pefflts
The Project IVlust Choose the LEED Energv Perfonnance
Approach.
USGBC LEEDLEED }IC I LEED Certified ("t) RAiRt,,)
Checklist
USGBCLEED
Energy STAR Portfolio
Manager
LEED CI Checklist
No reEfuireFflent
LEED Checklist
Buildim! Enemv Performance Rating
Submit eheeklist; melHae OR bH.ilaiRg plaRs
--;-
VeriJh:ation
LEED/U~GBC GBCI or CPA
Threshold yerification b3' LEED
AP
Threshole veriHcatiOl~ by LEED
APGBCI or CPA
ThreshoIa veriHcatioR by LEED
APGBCI or CPA
CPA
~ P' I f "p'ri fi (.'; ::4tl AI~
---"_.-' ... -:-: -'
I '~~ecial Q!Dslde~ations&. Definitions Mill. Use 8F odteF Del'JelepmeBI.GelBRlttFeial aM ~sieeati&baEih!Ffa as .pIi~a"le~ " ~
Miud Use DeveloRments Mixed use Qrojects must comQly with the aQQlicable Qroject tVQe reguirements based on the scoQe of the Qroject. To be determined by the Planning Director; generally the provisions of Table A
will apply to the commercial portion of the development, and the provisions of Table B will apply to the residential portions of the development.
Historic Structures Exemptions may be available for historic structures, pursuant to Section 18.44.070 of the ordinance, The Compliance Official may allow the use of alternative checklists for historic buildings or
for buildings that retain or re-use substantial portions of the existing structure.
Multi Year CumuJatiye Cumulative new construction or renovations over any 2-year period Fells',iHg aee13tieH sf these reEjl:lirsmsFlts shall be considered as a single project subject to the highest level of green
Construction building reguirements for that Qroject, unless exempted by the Planning Director as impractical for compliance.
Unusual Proiects Projects with an unusual scoRe of work or with unigue circumstances mav aRQlv for an exemRtion to the green building reguirements to be determined bY the Planning Director. gursuant to Palo
Alto MuniciQal Code Section 18.44.070.
USGBe LEED stands for the U.S. Green Building Council LeadershiQ in Energv and Environmental Design. Projects must comQly with the aQQlicable and current bemj3liaFlee 'id'l etHef
USGBCLEED LEED® rating svstem ~, including but not limited to LEED-NC (New Construction>. LEED-CS (Core & Shell), LEED-CI (Commercial Interiors), or LEED-EB (Existing Buildingst
An alternative eguivalent rating system or program may be substituted far tRs e@sigRatee Fatlflg s~'st@m "'R@FS 9@@m@8 atJ}3Fe}3riat@ as aRProved by the Planning Director, after recommendation
by the aRQlicant or Architectural Review Board (if ARB review is required).
GBCI The Green Building Certification Institute Rrovides 3rJ Qartv verification services for the LEED rating system.
CPA The Citv of Palo Alto statT with ex~ertise in green building will Qrovide in-house review similar in structure and stringencv to that of the GBCI.
Energv STAR Portfolio The Energv STAR Portfolio Manager is managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Portfolio Manager is all interactive energv management tool that allows YOU to track and assess
energy and water consumgtion of your groject. The ~roiect wilI receive an energy Qerfornlal1ce rating on a scale of 1-100 relative to similar buildings nationwide, The Qroject is not required to Manage .. change its rating. but this tool will heiR armlicants understand a Qrojects rating alid how it comRares to others.
BnildingEnvelol!e The building envelo~e is the ensemble of exterior and demisinl! Qartitions of a building that enclose conditioned sQace. (Defined by California Energv Code Title 24. Part 6}
Prerequisites Prereguisites are green building strategies reguired bv the LEED rating system before Qoints may be claimed for anv Qroject tvQe. They are malldatorv measures not oQtions as determined bv
LEED.
I
To be aajl%SteEi aflfll:iaU;r te ref1eet €flaHges to the City's vall:latien per sl'Jl:iare 'feet of He'>';" eeflstru€tiefl.
Page 2
Attachment C
Note: Applicants are advised to use this table only in conjunction with the entirety of requirements in Chapter 18.44 (Green Building Regulations)
I TRACK CHANGED -EFFECTIVE JANlJARY 2010
---~ ----- - - ------- ---- - --- -- --------,... ~ -------------- ----.-------- --- --- -. --- ---. - - -.-------- ------ -------- ---------------- -----. ------
~ Type of Project Raug System, Code or Program"" -." _ MiDimum "(bresbold Required Verifitation • c -.' ~.;; r
Multi-Family Residential
A. New construction of3 or more (attached) units BIG GPR Multifamily 70 points GreenPoint
::::..30 units complete the LEED-ND Rated and/or
(Neighborhood Development) checklist. CPA
B. Renovations or alterations covering:::: 50% of the BIG GPR Multifamily 50 points GreenPoint
existing unit sf and that include replacement or alteration Rated and/or
of at least two of the following: HV AC system, building CPA
envelope, plumbing systems, lighting systems, and/or
interior fmishes/partitions.
C. Renovations, additions, and/or rebuilds to individual BIGGPR Checklist CPA
units::::..250 sf and valuation:::: $100,000 in and single HERS II HERS Rating (requirement effective January
unit 2011)
Single-Family and Two-Family Residential
A. New construction of:::: 1,250 sf BIG GPR Single-Family 70 points GreenPoint
+ 1 point per additional 70 sf over 2,550 (150 Rated and/or
points maximum) CPA
B. Existing home additions or rebuilds:::: 1,250 sf Chose one of the following two options: 50 points GreenPoint
Option 1: BIG GPR Single Family or Existing Rated and/or
Home CPA
OR Option 2: CA Energy Code T-24 Part 6 and The whole house must demonstrate that the HERS II Rater
HERS II TDV Energy of the building is at least 15% and CPA
less than the TDV energy of the standard
building and receive a HERS II rating.
(requirement effective January 2011)
C. Existing home renovations, rebuilds and/or additions BIG GPR Existing Home <=hecklist CPA
totaling:::: 250 sf and < 1,250 sf and :::: $100,000 AND one of the following two options:
valuation
Option 1: CA Energy Code T-24 Part 6 The whole house must demonstrate that the CPA
TDV Energy of the building is at least 15%
less than the TDV energy of the standard
building. (requirement effective January 2011)
Option 2: HERS II HERS II Rating (requirement effective HERS II Rater
January 2011) and CPA
-oe-
Speeial eouid ·ODS .-~--. ~
Mixed Use Developments
Historic Structures
Multi Year Cumulative Construction
Unusual Projects
DefiDitiODS
.~
BIGGPR
,CPA
HERS II Rating
Rebuilds
TDV
Building Envelope
Renovations
-:u ~ -Jr:~l
Mixed use projects must comply with the applicable project type requirements based on the scope of the project. To be determined by the
Planning Director; generally the provisions of Table A will apply to the commercial portion of the development, and the provisions of Table B
will apply to the residential portions of the development.
Exemptions may be available for historic structures, pursuant to Section 18.44.070 of the ordinance. The Compliance Official may allow the use
of alternative checklists for historic buildings or for buildings that retain or re-use substantial portions of the existing structure, and may reduce
the minimum threshold (points) required as outlined in Section 18.44.050.
Cumulative new construction or renovations over any 2-year period shall be considered as a single project and subject to the highest level of
green building requirements for that project, unless exempted by the Planning Director as impractical for compliance.
Projects with an unusual scope of work or with unique circumstances may apply for an exemption to the green building requirements to be
determined by the Planning Director, pursuant to Palo Alto Municipal Code Section 18.44.070.
~ Lt~' .~Tl",,-, .". ,'~i
BIG GPR stands for the Build It Green, Green Point Rated system Projects must comply with the applicable, and current, GPR rating system ,
including but not limited to Single Family, Multi Family and Existing Home. An alternative, equivalent rating system or program may be
substituted as approved by the Planning Director, after recommendation by the applicant or Architectural Review Board (if ARB review is
required).
The City of Palo Alto staff with expertise in green building will provide in house review similar in structure and at least as stringent to that of
Build It Green.
HERS stands for the California Home Energy Rating System, a statewide program that the California Energy Commission is statutory required
to adopt for residential dwellings in California. Phase I of the HERS Program provides field verification and diagnostic testing to show
compliance with Title 24, Part 6, of the Building Energy Efficiency Standards. HERS Phase II expands the program to include whole-house
home energy efficiency ratings for existing and newly constructed homes. The project is not required to change its HERS rating, only understand
what its rating is, how it compares to others and how improvements can be best prioritized.
Rebuild are structures that do not maintain 75% of the existing roof and exterior walls (PA Zoning Code 18.12.l20).
Time-Dependent Valuation (TDV) accounts for the value of electricity differences depending on time-of-use (hourly, daily, seasonal), and the
value of natural gas differs depending on season. TDV is based on the cost for utilities to provide the energy at different times.
The building envelope is the ensemble of exterior and demising partitions of a building that enclose conditioned space. (Defined by California
Energy Code Title 24, Part 6)
Renovations are any work to an existing building needing a permit as defined by the California Building Code.
Note: Applicants are advised to use this table only in conjunction with the entirety of requirements in Chapter 18.44 (Green Building Regulations)
I TRACK CHA.I'lGED_-EFFECTIVE JANUARY 2010
Table B. City of Palo Alto Green Building Standards for Compliance for Private Development Residential Construction and Renovation
Type cifl'P,rojed~ RIlildiR~ .l1IHH'9¥elReRM
Multi-Family Residential
A. New construction of3 or more (attached) units;!
~eel&jM ReElyjadRating Pro2ram Syst-em, Code or
1. ~ ..
BIG GPR Multifamily }14Hltifamily GreeflPoint
Checklist For any mHlti family residefltial project
with
> 30 or more nevI' units proposed, complete thea
LEED-ND (Neighborhood Development) checklist
shall also Be completed and sHBmitted with tl:i:e
application, fer information. Oi'lly.
MiDim~ .. Tbnsbold Required
70 points4-
B. Renovations or alterations covering> 50% of the BIG GPRMultifamily 50 points
existing unit sf and that include replacement or alteration
of at least two of the following: HV AC system. building
envelope, plumbing systems. lighting systems. and/or
interior finishes/partitions.
C. Renovations, A~dditions, and/or rebuilds to
individual units ana/or renovations v.-ith pem'lit > 250 sf
and valuation 2: $100,000 in and single unit§,
Ada' . 1 .. ItlOflS aflEl/or reno" f m' • $1 QQ J)QQ~ a IOns "ita pemut valHation /"
Single-Family and Two-Family Residential
~New construction of> 1,250 sf2~55Q sf
NevI' COllstrHetion 0 " . f> 1 2§Q sfans < 2,55Q sf
B. Existing home additions or rebuilds> 1.250 sf
BIG GPR :Multifamily GreenPoint Checklist
HERS II
No re€)HiremeHt
BIG GPR Single-Family GreenPoiRt Cheekti!'it
Single family GreenPoint Cheeklist
Chose one of the following two options:
Checklist SUBmit checklist; inch-lae
on BHilding plans
HERS Rating (requirement effective
Januarv 2011)
70 points
+ 1 point per additional 70 sf over
2,550 (150 points maximumt
7Q poiHts4
Option 1: BIG GPR Single Familv or Existing Home 50 points
Verification
GreenPoint Rated
verificationan d/ or
CPA
GreenPoint Rated
and/or CPA
CPA~
"srifiGfftioR
GreenPoint Rated
and/or
CPAGreenPoint
Rated verifieatisl1
GreenPolRt Rated
yeritieation
GreenPoint Rated
and/or CPA
OR Option 2: CA Energy Code T-24 Part 6 and The whole house must demonstrate HERS II Rater and
HERS n that the TOV Energy of the building CP A
is at least 15% less than the TOV
enenry of the standard building and
receive a HERS II rating.
(requirement effective January 20 II )
C. Existing home renovations. rebuilds and/or Home Remodeling Green Building Clleeldist Checklist Sl:1bmit eheeldist; ineltide CP A.s.elf
~dditi?ns totaling> 250 sf and ~ 1 ~250 sf andfef BIG GPR Existing Home on building plans verifioation
renOYatloflS > $1 OO+§.,OOO valuatIOn AND f h .c: II . t . ---. . one 0 . t e 10 owmg wo optIOns:
Option 1: CA Energv Code T-24 Part 6 The whole house must demonstrate CPA
that the TDV Energy of the building
is at least 15% less than the mv
energy of the standard building.
(requirement effective Januarv 2011)
Option 2: HERS II HERS 11 Rating (requirement HERS II Rater and
effective January 2011) CPA
AdditioHS aHdior renovatiofls of <$75,QQQ§. permit valuation No requirement
~ _ ',. _. _-.~ .... ---~ """' --'"-I '''. ~ .. -' ---;;:! r'~··~i, = .. ~~: ........ -........ t:~. ---'~ ~pecial ~oosiderations MB!II \lse OF QtlaeF'9erJel8p .. e~.C6mlBe'6i@I:8R8.MSi8eRfi&l eAiefUlas applisaIJle;J. .., -t, -~ '-' .' ," <' '.,': '. ~~.
Mixed Use Developments Mixed use projects must comply with the applicable project type requirements based on the scope of the project. To be detennined by the
Planning Director; generally the provisions of Table A will apply to the commercial portion of the development, and the provisions of Table B
will apply to the residential portions of the development.
Historic Structures Exemptions may be available for historic structures, pursuant to Section 18.44.070 of the ordinance. The Compliance Official may allow the use
of alternative checklists for historic buildings or for buildings that retain or re-use substantial portions of the existing structure, and may reduce
the minimum threshold (points) required as outlined in Section 18.44.050.
Multi Year Cumulative Construction Cumulative new construction or renovations over any 2-year period fslle'Yiflg aElej3tisFl eftJ:lese r8EJ:l:lirSFll8flts shall be considered as a single
project and subject to the highest level of green building requirements for that project, unless exempted by the Planning Director as impractical
for compliance.
Unusual Projects Projects with an unusual scope of work or with unique circumstances may apply for an exemption to the green building requirements to be
determined bv the Planning DirectoL pursuant to Palo Alto Municipal Code Section 18.44.070.
~finiti0l!~ ;:,~,..~~ _-. '1" <~ .:~ .... ~~~.'~~1~" ~,-. -, ~r_ :-~ _.. ~.. ~ ~ " _" .' ;, ~ • ~ •• ~.~ ~. _ -," r-. ,-.. -:-P ~-""',.-~~" ~r~,~
BIG GPR BIG GPR stands for the Build It Green, Green Point Rated system Projects must complv with the applicable and current (iPR rating system.
including but not limited to Single Familv Multi Familv and Existing Home. An alternative equivalent rating system or program may be
substituted as approved bv the Plmming Director. after recommendation bv the applicant or Architectural Review Board (if ARB review is
required).
CPA The City of Palo Alto staff with expertise in green building will provide in house review similar in structure and at least as stringent to that of
Build It Green.
HERS II Rating HERS stands for the California Home Energy Rating System. a statewide program that the California Energy Commission is statutory required
to adopt for residential dwellings in California. Phase I of the HERS Program provides field verification and diagnostic testing to show
compliance with Title 24. Part 6. of the Building Energv EtTiciencv Standards. HERS Phase 11 expands the program to include whole-house
home energy efficiency ratines for existing and newly constructed homes. The project is not required to change its HERS rating. onlY understand
~~.Ul~ ra1i!lg is howjL~.9mpares to othe~s and how impr~y.§ments cal}JJe 12~st prioritized.
Rebuilds Rebuild are structures that do not maintain 75% of the existing roof and exterior walls (PA Zonine Code 18.12.120).
TDV
Building Envelope
Renovations Renovations are any work to an existing building needing a nennit as detlned bv the California Building Code.
Te be aejustea afliulaJly to reflect el3anges te tlle Cit:"s "aluatiel'l rer s€lHare root ofne",. CO'RstructiaFl.
Attachment E
Responses for Questions from Commissioner Keller
Kristin Heinen, Sustain ability / Associate Planner
July 29, 2009
1. Please explain whether commissioning will be required for commercial buildings. Please
outline staffs understanding the role building commissioning has in obtaining the benefits
of the measures in the LEED checklists.
Commissioning is required for commercial buildings, as it is a prerequisite in the LEED rating
system. However, the Green Building Ordinance under section 18.44.030(w) says
"documentation of construction consistent with building plans calculated to achieve energy
compliance is sufficient verification in lieu of post construction commissioning". Therefore, for
projects the City is verifying, we would consider alternative documentation, but in the end it is
still essentially commissioning as defined in 18.44.030 (w). Note that 18.44.030(w) is a definition
for 'Threshold Verification by LEED AP" that will no longer be relevant if the tables are adopted,
as reference to Threshold Verification is being deleted. So the language in that definition is non-
binding and reduced to irrelevance.
Commissioning has numerous undeniable benefits which are best explained in the recently
released Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory report "Building Commissioning: A Golden
Opportunity for Reducing Energy Costs and Greenhouse Gas Emissions."
This report provides the world's largest database of commissioning case studies for new and
existing buildings. In sum "Commissioning maximizes the quality and persistence of energy,
cost, and emissions reductions. The process ensures that building owners get what they pay for
when constructing or retrofitting buildings, provides risk-management and "insurance" for
policymakers and program managers enabling their initiatives to actually meet targets, and
detects and corrects problems that would eventually surface as far more costly maintenance or
safety issues. The results demonstrate that commissioning is arguably the single-most cost-
effective strategy for reducing energy, costs, and greenhouse-gas emissions in buildings today."
Key findings of the report referenced include:
Median commissioning costs: $0.30 and $1.16 per square foot for existing buildings and new
construction, respectively (and 0.4% of total construction costs for new buildings)
Median whole-building energy savings: 16% and 13%
Median payback times: 1.1 and 4.2 years
Median benefit-cost ratios: 4.5 and 1.1
Cash-on-cash returns: 91% and 23%
Very considerable reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions were achieved, at a negative cost of -
$110 and -$25/tonne C02-equivalent.
High-tech buildings are particularly cost-effective, and saved large amounts of energy and
emissions due to their energy-intensiveness.
Projects employing a comprehensive approach to commissioning attained nearly twice the overall
median level of savings, and five-times the savings of projects with a constrained approach.
Non-energy benefits are extensive and often offset part or all of the commissioning cost.
Limited multi-year post-commissioning data indicate that savings often persistent for a period of
at least five years.
Uniformly applying our median whole-building energy-savings value to the stock of U.S. non-
residential buildings yields an energy-savings potential of $30 billion by the year 2030, and
annual greenhouse gas emissions reductions of about 340 megatons of C02 each year. An
industry equipped to deliver these benefits would have a sales volume of $4 billion per year and
support approximately 24,000 jobs.
This information was directly provided from staff at LBNL.
The report and summary presentation can be downloaded at:
http://cx.lbl.gov/2009-assessment.html
2. Please explain differences between having in-house building inspectors do verification of
green building measures (e.g., the HV AC system is wired and installed correctly and
appears to operate) and having third party verification according to LEED standards (e.g.,
the HV AC is tuned to provide the intended energy savings).
Staff anticipates that in-house verification will be set up in two phases that will be implemented
over several years. The first phase implemented in 2010 will offer in-house verification, but not at
. the on-site inspection level. If the proposed amendments pass, the City will most likely still
highly rely on the work of a green point rater or LEED AP to submit the necessary documentation
to the City for a covered project. The City will verify their work in a similar fashion to that of the
Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI) or Build It Green (BIG). BIG and GBCI do not
perform on-site inspections City staff, unlike BIG or GBCI, does have the convenience of being
able to go on-site for some inspection, but does not anticipate this to be the primary form of
verification in the first phase. In your example of ensuring that the HV AC system is installed and
operating correctly to ensure energy savings, in the first phase this would be the role of the
commissioning agent employed by the owner. Staff anticipates the second phase of
implementation 2-4 years from now. This phase would include multiple qualified staff inspectors
and plan reviewers (i.e. Green Point Raters) that could adequately handle the volume of reviews
and on-site inspections necessary to verify all "green" aspects of the project.
3. Please explain the intent of developing an in-house Recognition Program and whether.
such recognition would really have the same effect as LEED Certification by GBCI or Build
It Green.
The intent is not for the in-house recognition program to compete with the LEED or Building It
Green recognition programs, or for it to have the same market effect. For the past year the City
has been providing in-house verification for commercial projects, and if the proposed
amendments pass, may provide it for residential projects. Although these applicants do not pay
for review and certification by GBCI or BIG, they still submit the same level of documentation to
the City, and the buildings are essentially performing the same. Staff feels that those projects
deserve recognition for those efforts. The program will not in any way deem that a project is
LEED Certified or Green Point Rated as these are registered trademarks. The City will most
likely provide some form of recognition stating successful compliance with the City Green
Building Program. Staff may use such language as the project achieved the LEED Certified level
through City verification, but not that the building is LEED Certified. Recognition is really a
form of differentiation. Since the City requires all of its new buildings and large renovations to
be green, recognition and differentiation will be less important in future years, unless a proj ect is
really doing something extraordinary.
4. If City building inspectors are to be GreenPoint Raters, should homeowners who use City
inspectors be able to get the Build It Green certification as they could through third party
GreenPoint Raters?
Staff believes Build It Green does allow City building department staff who are Green Point
Raters to provide rating services and certify projects through Build It Green., however there is not
sufficient time to confirm this.
5. Please explain whether in-house inspection tracking duplicates or complements Build It
Green's climate calculator.
They are two different things. As described under question #2, in the first phase of
implementation, the City in-house review will compliment Build It Green's current system,
however the project will not receive recognition by them or necessarily receive use of their
climate calculator. Remember, in-house review is merely and option. Projects still have the
choice to go through Build It Green instead. If they choose the City, the City has a separate
performance indicators form, similar to that of BIG's climate calculator that is used to track key
environmental performance indicators. BIG's climate calculator is more robust, but staff feels the
City's is adequate for assessing program performance. It is currently being used for non-
residential projects that don't have access to BIG's climate calculator. The results of the
environmental performance indicators are then converted to emission reductions for the City.
BIG's climate calculator is very helpful to the City, and to providing projects a better
understanding of their environmental performance. It is required to be submitted for all projects
undergoing BIG certification.
6. Please address the comments from Build It Green regarding the requirements for Home
Remodels and Retrofits, as well as their other comments.
BIG Comment #1 BIG recommends the City only recognize projects that have achieved BIG
certification.
Staff is interested in a recognition program for reasons explained under question #3. The actual
program set up will be open for discussion, however the City is looking at recognizing projects
for their achievements at all levels. Staff believes that all measurable efforts toward
environmental protection deserve recognition whether they are certified by BIG or GBCI, or not.
The City can also serve as a credible third-party. As stated under question #3, the intent of the
recognition program will not be to confuse the market place with another label, but to recognize
measurable achievements by projects that are verified by the City.
BIG Comment #2 BIG recommends higher permit fees for in-house verification.
If the amendments pass, City staff will propose increased fees that are cost-based for projects that
choose in-house verification for cost recovery purposes.
BIG Comment #3 -For rebuilds or additions over 1,250 sqft to an existing home, BIG argues that
,our proposed requirement of 70 points is too high.
This is really a question of how stringent the City would like to be. Staff agrees that it is more
difficult for an existing home to achieve 70 points than a new home. BIG's minimum level for
participation is 50 points, so staff assumed the City would be interested in a higher target as is set
for new homes. However, staff supports requiring 50 points instead of 70 for this category to
reflect the fact that achieving any point threshold is a new requirement compared to the original
ordinance. But staff also believes that moving down to the Elements level is to low of a bar for
projects of this size.
Regarding BIG's cost concerns -the City must document the cost-effectiveness of any energy-
efficiency-related,measures and provide that data to the CEC in order for the CEC to approve the
City's Energy-Efficiency ordinance. Thus, energy-efficiency components of the Green Building
ordinance will be thoroughly vetted by Staff, an energy efficiency consultant, and the CEC before
either the Green Building Ordinance or Energy Efficiency Ordinance becomes effective. Staff
intends to present the Energy Efficiency Ordinance to Council in the Fall. If any of the energy-
related measures are not cost-effective, they will not be proposed.
BIG Comment #4 BIG states that requiring existing homes to achieve an energy performance
level equivalent to that of a new home is to stringent.
The current requirement does not require the existing home to achieve its energy performance
based on new home requirements. The existing home as stated in BIG's comments may choose
the performance path for existing homes and achieve the energy savings based on the existing
home, rather than for the new home as BIG noted. This should alleviate BIG's concern that the
project would not be able to meet Title 24 standards. There may have been miscommunication
regarding this during a conversation with BIG yesterday.
Regarding BIG's cost concerns refer to above discussion as it applies here, too.
BIG Comment #5 -The existing multi-family renovation requirement is not practical given the
BIG existing multi-family requirements are not scheduled to be released until the end of2010.
Staff supports requiring 50 points instead of 70 for this category to reflect the fact that achieving
any point threshold is a new requirement compared to the original ordinance. Staff feels
comfortable that a 50 point requirement will serve as a good interim measure while the City
anticipates BIG's "Existing Home for Multi Family" requirements to be released.