HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 294-07C ¢y Manager
TO:
FROM:
HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
CITY MANAGER
13
DEPARTMENT: ADMINISTRATIVE
SERVICES
DATE:
SUBJECT:
JULY 9, 2007 CMR: 294:07
RECOMMENDATION FROM FINANCE COMMITTEE TO
THE CITY OF PALO ALTO’S TRANSIENT OCCUPANCY TAX
INCREASE
RECOMMENDATION:
The Finance Committee reconmaends that Council:
o Authorize the placement of a ballot measure on the November 6, 2007 general election to
increase the City’s Transient Occupancy Tax (TOT) from 10 to 12 percent.
Staff further recommends that Council:
o Adopt the attached resolution approving the ballot question language and directing the City
Attorney to prepare an impartial analysis.
o Designate up to four council members to author the argmnent in favor of the measure.
SUMMARY OF COMMITTEE REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
.At the June 19, 2007 meeting, the Finance Committee unanimously approved staff’s
recommendation that Council authorize a ballot measure for the November 6, 2007 election to
increase the Transient Occupancy Tax from 10 to 12 percent. In addition, the Finance Committee
directed staff to further research the need to amend Chapter 2.33 of the Municipal Code to clarify its
application to intemet bookings. The Cotmnittee’s discussion centered around the potential tax
increase and use of Destination Palo Alto as a marketing tool. To support tourism and visitorship
the Finance Committee directed staff to develop for its review a comprehensive marketing plan for
Destination Palo Alto that includes funding considerations. Staff will return to the Finance
Cormnittee with the plan in September or October 2007.
Chamber President, Sandra Lo~mquist spoke on behalf of local hoteliers. Ms. Lonnquist discussed
concerns regarding the proposed increase in the TOT rate. She stated that companies that bring
large groups of people to visit Palo Alto looked for the best rates and those companies would book
reservations in nem’by cities rather than pay more to stay in Palo Alto. She asked the Finance
Committee to consider what the increase would do to ensure that an increase in the TOT would not
decrease the number of beds in Palo Alto. Ms. Lonnquist suggested that a sales tax increase would
be more appropriate as it would distribute the responsibility for helping support the community.
CMR:294:07 Page 1 of 3
DISCUSSION
Collecting TOT from internet bookings has become a growing issue for cities, particularly cities
with a large tourist base. Historically, TOT ordinances have applied to bookings made by travel
agents and internet bookings made directly with the hotel. In addition, many cities contend that
their existing TOT laws, which contain language similar to Palo Alto’s, are broad enough to apply
to all hotel bookings conducted ttzrough on-line booking services. Los Angeles and San Diego have
already filed lawsuits attempting to collect TOT from online services, and class action status is
currently being sought on behalf of all California cities. In the event class certification is denied, it
is likely that cities will collaboratively develop an alternative litigation strategy. Given the current
developments, staff recommends that no legislative change regarding internet bookings be made at
this time. Instead, staff recormnends that Palo Alto continue to monitor the existing class action
request and other litigation efforts that develop.
NEXT STEPS
Should Council move forward with the proposed ballot measm’e, there are a number of procedural
requ{rements relating to placing the measure on the ballot. First, the Council must approve the
ballot question that will be presented to Palo Alto voters. A proposed resolution is attached as
Attachmem B and pursuant to GC 53724(b) such resolution must be adopted by the Council by a
two-thirds vote. In addition to increasing the tax rate, the ordinance also clarifies that the tax is a
general tax that can be used for any purpose. General taxes can be approved by a majority of the
voters, rather than Special taxes which are subject to a two-thirds vote. Second, Council must
decide who will draft the ballot argument for the measure. Third, the Council must direct the City
Attorney to draft an impartial analysis of the measure.
The ballot question may not exceed 75 words, and should be presented in clear and concise fashion
so that it is clearly understandable to the electorate. The following language, modeled in large pat
after a measure recently approved by Sunnyvale voters, is suggested:
Shall the Palo Alto Municipal Code be amended to increase
the transient occupancy tax (commonly called "hotel tax")
charged to persons who occupy hotel or motel rooms in the
City for 30 days or less from 10% to 12% in order to help
maintain the City’s abilit3~ to fund basic City services?
YES
NO
The State elections code provides for the filing of arguments for or against each ballot measure. If
submitted, one argument "for" and one argument "against" the measure will be printed with the
sample ballot. Ballot arguments may be prepared by the City Council, by any member or members
authorized by the City Council, or any combination of voters or associations. If the Council desires
to submit an argument on the proposed measure, it may so indicate or provide authorization to up to
four council members to prepare the argument either for or against the measm’e.
Finally, Elections Code Section 9280 provides that the City Attorney may be directed to prepare an
impartial analysis of the measure, which is not to exceed 500 words. Direction to prepare such
analysis is included in the attached resolution.
CMR:294:07 Page 2 of 3
ATTACHMENTS
Attactmaent I:CMR 265:07
Attachment 2: Resolution and Ordinance
PREPARED BY:
WHITE
Financial .,Mlalyst, Administrative Services
DEPARTMENT HEAD APPROVAL:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
EMILY t~RRISON
Assistant City Manager
CMR:294:07 Page 3 of 3
ATTACHMENT 1
C ty of Fa o AIto
City Manager’s Report
TO:
ATTENTION:
FROM:
DATE:
SUBJECT:
HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FINANCE COMMITTEE
CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: ADMINISTRATIVE
SERVICES
JUNE 19, 2007 CMR: 265:07
REQUEST TO INCREASE THE CITY
TRANSIENT OCCUPANCY TAX
OF PALO ALTO’S
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that Council direct staff to authorize a vote of the electorate at the November
6, 2007 election to increase the City’s Transient Occupancy Tax (TOT) from 10 to 12 percent.
In addition, staff reconamends that Council consider funding of promotional activities, such as
Destination Pa!o Alto, that support tourism.
BACKGROUND
California Revenue and Taxation Code (7280) authorizes the legislative body of any city or
county in the State of California to levy a tax on the privilege of occupying a room, hotel room
or other lodging establishment for a period of 30 days or less. This tax is commonly referred to
as a "transient occupancy tax" (TOT) or "hotel tax." Palo Alto’s TOT was originally adopted as
a general tax by Ordinance No. 2567 in July 1970. The tax is assessed by hoteliers on behalf of
the City on transients who stay in Palo Alto for 30 days or less. The tax is imposed on all
occupants except officers or employees of a foreign government who are exempt by express
provision of federal law or international treaty, as well as state and federal workers on official
business. The initial 5 percent TOT was increased to 6 percent in 1976 and was last increased in
1983 to its current rate of 10 percent. In 1986, Chapter 2.33 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code
was amended to reflect various administrative changes to the TOT ordinance.
Palo Alto’s tax rate of 10 percent is within the median range statewide and slightly above the
median rate of 9.75 percent locally. As illustrated in the chart below (see attachment D for full
survey of Bay Area cities), most local cities, with the exception of East Palo Alto, have TOT
rates of 10 percent. Statewide TOT rates range from 8 percent to a high of 15 percent.
CITY TOT RATE
San Jose 10 %
Mountain View 10%
Sunnyvale 9°/; (9.5 effective Jan. 09)
Menlo Park 10 %
E. Palo Alto 12%
Redwood City,10 %
tSan Francisco { 14%
The number of available rooms in Palo Alto has decreased by 21 percent over the last 5 years.
Two hotel closings contributed to the decrease in availability. The Craig Hotel, a 63-room
lodging establishment, closed in 2003-04. However, the most significant decrease occurred in
2005-06 when the Hyatt Hotel closed its 350-room Palo Alto location.
Palo Alto has 28 lodging establist=nents representing 1,865 available rooms which generated
revenues of $6.24 million in 2005-06. Although TOT revenue decreased significantly in recent
years, it remains a major source of funding, accounting for more than 5 percent of the City’s total
General Fund revenue. Palo Alto’s proximity to the international port city of San Francisco, its
vibrant downtown, Stanford Research Park, and its association with world renowned Stanford
Hospital and University, make Palo Alto an attractive destination point for business and leisure
travel.
DISCUSSION
The passage of Propositions 13, 62 and 218 made distinctions between ~Tpes of taxes and the
voter approvals required to enact them. Tax categories determine when elections are held, how
the revenue can be used and what percent of the vote is required for passage. For voting
pro-poses, all taxes are categorized as either general or special taxes. Revenue from general taxes
may be used for general governmental purposes. Revenue from special taxes is earmarked for a
specific purpose. This distinction determines whether a tax must be approved by a majority vote
of the electorate (general tax), or a two-thirds vote (special tax).
Assuming a TOT tax increase would be used for general government purposes, it must be
submitted to the electorate at a regularly scheduled general election at which members of the
Council or governing body will be elected, unless, by unanimous vote, the Council finds that
there is an emergency that justifies placing the proposed tax before the voters at a special
election. The tax will take effect if approved by a 50 percent + 1 simple majority of voters voting
in the election.
Timetable
A general tax ballot measure must be submitted to the County of Santa Clara 88 days before the
scheduled regional general election, tf this deadline is not met, the City’s next opportunity to
place a measure before the voters will be in November 2009. Staff has outlined the critical
procedures and timelines that must be met for the TOT ballot measure to quali~, for the
November 2007 general election.
Responsibili~’
Finance Committee
City Council
Required Procedure
o Make a recommendation to the full
Council regarding adoption of the
TOT Ordinance
o Pass Finance Committee
recommendation to submit TOT
tax increase to voters (;/_~ Council
vote required).
Approve the resolution submitting
ballot measure to voters, designate
ballot argument authors and
authorize the City Attorney to
prepare an impartial analysis.
Ballot arguments approved.
ITimeline
June 19, 2007
July 9, 2007
July 9, 2007
August 6, 2007
Upon completion of the required actions, the CitT Clerk will file the resolution with the County
of Santa Clara and manage the ballot measure argument process. These actions must be
completed no later than the August 6, 2007 Council meeting for the ballot measure to quali~, for
the November 6, 2007 general election.
Chapter "~ ""~_.oo Administrative Chan~es
The use of technology in the hotel industry has expanded to include on-line registration. Internet
travel sites such as Expedia, Orbitz, Hotels.corn, Priceline.com and Travelocity are becoming
increasingly popular with business and leisure travelers. There are two basic models used for
Internet room sales. The first model does not present a collection problem for the City, but the
second model can result in underpayment of TOT. The first model simply charges a rate for the
hotel and the hotel tax is remitted to the City on that rate. Under the second model, the hotel and
the Internet travel company negotiate a discounted rate for the hotel room. The on-line provider
then marks up its inventory of rooms to sel! to the public, adds a service charge to the room rate
and offers it at the higher price to the customer. It charges and collects taxes from travelers
based on the marked-up rate, but only pays taxes to cities based on the lower, negotiated retail
rate charged to the customer. The Internet providers argue that the added service charge should
not be subject to occupancy taxes because it is not part of the room rate. The Internet companies
contend that the service charge reflects the cost associated with operating and marketing their
services. Nationwide, municipalities are suing the Internet travel companies alleging substantial
underpayment of transient occupancy taxes.
Municipalities are responding to this problem through vigilant enforcement as well as clari~qng
legislation. Staff recommends that the City’s ordinance be amended to clari~, that the TOT shall
be applied to the full hotel rate paid by the actual transient.
ragu 3 ot 6
Business Community Outreach
In an effort to determine business community response to the proposed increase in the TOT rate,
staff contacted twel-~’e of the City’s largest employers. Of the companies that responded, 44
percent indicated that a TOT increase of 2 percent would not adversely affect company business
practices. The remaining companies indicated that an increase would make Palo Alto hotels less
competitive and could result in their booking reservations at hotels in surrounding communities.
Staff has also met with the Chamber of Commerce and made a comnaitment to continue the
dialogue process.
Summary of Comments:
Pro Con
"I’m not saying the 2%
increase would be critical, but
it would certainly go into our
calculation.
~’I don’t tl~ink it would make
much difference. It’s not that
big a deal."
"It doesn’t seem like much. It
shouldn’t make much of a
difference."
"There are not enough hotels
to begin with. Supply and
demand is more the issue. The
2 percent increase is not going
to break them, put it that way.’"
"We would woro,’ about the hotels in Palo Alto". The
increase would make our hotels less competitive and
we’d start putting people up in Mountain View".
"We as a company are not too happy with it. It
increases our budget costs, plus hotel rates themselves
are going up. Sur~,eyed other cities and found their
rates at 9.5-10 percent with no plans for increasing
them. Therefore, we would be likely to put employees
and job applicants up in hotels in East Palo Alto,
Mountain View, Menlo Park and Los Altos."
"Oh, when people visit us, hotel rates are already so
high for what we get. We’re nonprofit, so it’s hard to
find something affordable. This wouldn’t help."
"Would book people at hotels in Mountain View. Get
quite a few visitors from the East Coast and from India-
who stay for long periods of time. Two percent would
make a big difference, particularly when they’re
staying at higher priced hotels. Would choose less
expensive hotels, with a less expensive TOT, in
Mountain View."
Tourism Fundin~ Recommendation
To support visitor outreach, the City Manager is recommending that Council consider funding
efforts that promote tourism in Palo Alto. Destination Pa]o Alto has been established by the City
Manager to improve economic growth, by encouraging tourism and visitorship and exploring
ways to package and promote marketable attractions in Palo Alto. Through marketing
campaigns, these organizations provide an opportunity to simulate the local economy and
promote Palo Alto as a destination of choice among prospective business and leisure travelers.
Promoting community specific programs and services will give Palo Alto a competitive
advantage over surrounding cities, and facilitate tourism by sponsoring events that highlight Palo
Aho’s flourishing cultural and historical essence. Managed and funded outreach programs will
encourage visitors to explore, experience and return to Palo Alto.
RESOURCE IMPACT
After modest growth over the past two years, transient occupancy tax revenue surged upward by
12.4 percent in 2005-06. The average citywide occupancy rate consistently exceeded 70 percent
in the laker half of 2005-06 for the first time since 2000-01. Average daily room rates rose by
9.7 percent in 2005-06. Per Diem rates in 2005-06 exceeded $130, a level not seen since 2002-
03. First quarter 2006-07 data show both room and occupancy rates rising further. In the first
five months of the fiscal year, average citywide occupancy and room rates rose by 4.4 and 4.7
percent, respectively. An increase in the TOT rate of 1 to 2 percent is predicted to increase net
General Fund revenues by approximately $624,000 to $1.2 million annually. The proceeds of the
TOT as a general tax will be deposited in the City’s General fund and used for general
governmental purposes.
The past 5 years, 200!-2006, have been the City’s most challenging period of fiscal reform. The
regional economic downturn resulted in reductions in the City’s workforce and reductions to the
General Fund expense base of approximately $20 million. As the City develops a "sustainable
budget" and meets the $3 Million infrastructure challenge set as a policy by the Council, it must
consider new revenue sources. Without identi~’ing new revenue sources, further cost savings and
service reductions will be necessary. As the City evaluates options, among the opportunities for
revenue generation is the potential to increase the TOT.
POLICY L/IPLICATIONS
The actions described in this report are consistent with existing City policy.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
The actions described in this report do not constitute a project for the purposes of the California
Environmental Quality Act.
PREPARED BY:~ i .~ ..I’ ~.. i,; ..L .~t A.A.4.... ~ ,..~- r" ~’ "_........’"/JOYCE WHITE/
Senior Financial Analyst
DEPARTMENT HEAD APPROVAL:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
CARL "~ EATS /~
Director. Admifistrative Services
Assistant City Manager
ATTACHMENTS
A~tachment A: Resolution Calling a General Municipal Election
Attactm~ent B: Resolution to Amend Palo Alto Municipal Code
Attachment C: Ordinance Amending Chapter 2.33 of Title 2 of the Palo Ako Municipal Code
Attaclm~ent D: Survey of Bay Area TOT
CMP.: 265:07 Page 6 o~’6
** NOT YET APPROVED**
RESOLUTION NO.
RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF PALO ALTO CALLING A
SPECIAL ELECTION FOR NOVEMBER 6, 2007, FOR SUBMITTAL TO THE
QUALIFIED ELECTORS OF THE CITY A MEASURE RELATED TO THE
CITY’S TRANSIENT OCCUPANY TAX AND ORDERING
CONSOLIDATION
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 2.33.020 of Title 2 of the Palo Alto Municipal
Code, the City currently levies a Transient Occupancy Tax; and
WHEREAS, the City Council desires to amend the Palo Alto Municipal Code to
increase the transient occupancy tax (commonly called the "hotel tax") which is charged only on
persons who occupy hotel or motel rooms in the City for 30 days or less, from the current 10% to
12% and to make other revisions to the method of calculating the tax in order to help maintain
basic City services; and
WHEREAS, the City depends on the hotel tax to fund basic City services;
WHEREAS, a proposed ordinance attached hereto and incorporated herein by
reference as Attachment "A" (the "Ordinance") would implement these proposed revisions to the
tax;
WHEREAS, by its Resolution No. 8715, the City, Council called a general
municipal election for November 6, 2007 ("Election") and;
WHEREAS, pursuant to Government Code Section 53724 and Election Code
Section 9222, the City Council desires to submit the Ordinance to the voters of the City.
NOW THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO ALTO
DOES HEREBY RESOLVE, DECLARE, DETERMINE AND ORDER AS FOLLOWS:
SECTION 1. Findings. The City Council finds and determines that each of the
findings set forth above are true and correct.
SECTION 2. General Tax Election. The City Council proposes to impose the
general tax set forth in the Ordinance and to present this proposal to the voters on November 6,
2007.
SECTION 3. Measure. Pursuant to Elections Code Section 9222, the City
Council hereby submits the Ordinance to the voters at the Election and orders the following
question to be submitted to the voters at the Election:
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Shall the Palo Alto Municipal Code be amended to increase
the transient occupancy tax (commonly called "hotel tax")
charged to persons who occupy hotel or motel rooms in the
City for 30 days or less from 10% to 12% in order to help
maintain the City’s ability to fund basic City services?
YES
NO
This question requires the approval of a majority- of those casting votes.
SECTION 4. Adoption of Measure. The measure to be submitted to the voters is
attached to this Resolution as Exhibit A and incorporated herein by this reference.
SECTION 5. Notice of Election. Notice of the time and place of holding the
election is hereby given, and the City Clerk is authorized, instructed and directed to give further
or additional notice of the election, in time, form and manner as required by law.
SECTION 6. Impartial Analysis. Pursuant to California Elections Code Section
9280, the City Council hereby directs the City Clerk to transmit a copy of the measure to the City
Attorney. The City Attorney shall prepare an impartial analysis of the measure, not to exceed
500 words in len~h, showing the effect of the measure on the existing law and the operation of
the measure, and transmit such impartial analysis to the City Clerk on or before August 22, 2007.
SECTION 7. Consolidation Request. The Council of the City, of Palo Alto
requests the governing body of any other political subdivision, or any officers otherwise
authorized by law, to partially or completely consolidate such elections and the City Council
consents to such consolidation.
SECTION 8. Request for CounW Services. Pursuant to Section 10002 of the
California Elections Code, the Council of the City of Palo Alto hereby requests the Board of
Supervisors of Santa Clara County to permit the Registrar of Voters to render services to the City
of Palo Alto relating to the conduct of Palo Alto’s General Municipal and Special Elections
which are called to be held on Tuesday, November 6, 2007. The services shall be of the Dye
normally performed by the Registrar of Voters in assisting the clerks of municipalities in the
conduct of elections including, but not limited to, checking registrations, mailing ballots, hiring
election officers and arranging for polling places, receiving absentee voter ballot applications,
mailing and receiving absent voter ballots and opening and counting same, providing and
distributing election supplies, and furnishing voting machines.
SECTION 9. Transmittal of Resolution. The City Clerk is hereby directed to
submit forthwith a certified copy of this resolution to the Board of Supervisors, to the Registrar
of Voters, and to the County Clerk of the County of Santa Clara.
070702jb 0130115
** NOT YET APPROVED**
SECTION 10. Exemption from CEQA. The City Council finds that this
resolution is exempt from the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA).
INTRODUCED AND PASSED:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSENT:
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST:APPROVED:
City Clerk Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Senior Asst. City Attorney
City Manager
Director of Administrative
Services
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3
** NOT YET APPROVED**
EXHIBIT A
ORDINANCE NO.
ORDINANCE AMENDING CHAPTER 2.33 OF TITLE 2 OF THE
PALO ALTO MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO THE
TRANSIENT OCCUPANCY TAX
The People of the City of Palo Alto do ordain as follows:
SECTION 1. Chapter 2.33 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code is hereby
amended by amending Section 2.33.020 as follows:
2.33.020 Tax imposed
For the privilege of occupancy in any hotel, each transient is subject to and
shall pay a tax in the amount of ten ~ no/~~ ....j twelve (12%) percent of the rent charged by
the operator. Said tax constitutes a debt owed by the transient to the City, which is
extinguished only by payment to the operator or to the City. The transient shall pay the
tax to the operator of the hotel at the time the rent is paid. If the rent is paid in
installments, a proportionate share of the tax shall be made with each installment. Any
unpaid tax shall be due upon the transient’s ceasing occupancy in the hotel. If for any
reason the tax due is not paid to the operator of the hotel, the Supervisor of Revenue
collections may require that such tax shall be paid directly to the Supervisor of Revenue
Collections.
SECTION 2. GENERAL TAX. Proceeds of the tax imposed by this
Ordinance shall be deposited in the general fund of the City and shall be available for any
legal purpose.
SECTION 3. CONSTITUTIONALITY; SEVERABILITY. If any section,
subsection, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance is for any reason held to be
invalid, such decision or decisions shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions
of this ordinance. The People hereby declare that they would have passed this ordinance,
and each section, subsection, sentence, clause and phrase thereof irrespective of the fact
that any one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses or phrases be declared
invalid.
SECTION 4. EFFECTIVE DATE. This ordinance shall be effective
immediately upon adoption. However, the increased tax imposed by this ordinance shall
be effective only with respect to rent paid to a hotel operator for the portion of an
occupancy that occurs on or after January 1, 2008. The tax with respect to any portion of
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** NOT YET APPROVED**
an occupancy occurring before January 1, 2008 shall be levied at the rate in effect before
the adoption of this Ordinance.
SECTION 5. EXECUTION. The Mayor is hereby authorized to attest to the
adoption of this Ordinance by the voters of the Cib, by signing where indicated below.
I hereby certify that the foregoing Ordinance was PASSED, APPROVED
and ADOPTED by the people of the City of Palo Alto voting on the 6th day of
November, 2007.
ATTEST:APPROVED:
Cit?, Clerk Mayor
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