HomeMy WebLinkAbout1999-05-10 City Council (14)City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
5
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: FIRE
DATE:MAY 10, 1999 CMR: 235:99
SUBJECT:INTRODUCTION OF AN ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE 1998
CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE WITH LOCAL AMENDMENTS; MAKING
CERTAIN FINDINGS; AND SETTING A PUBLIC HEARING FOR
MAY 24, 1999
REPORT IN BRIEF
This report requests Council Approval of amendments to Chapter 15.04 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code for the adoption of the 1998 California Fire Code (CFC) with Palo Alto
Local amendments. The report also includes Finding of Fact required by State law for local
amendments to the CFC. Amendments to the model toxic gas ordinance are incorporated in
this adoption of the CFC to streamline and coordinate the code requirements on a county
wide basis. This adoption of the CFC will maintain the goal to reduce loss of life and
property due to fire and/or releases of hazardous materials.
CMR 235:99 Page 1 of 4
RECOMMENDATION
This report recommends Council approve the following recommendations:
Approve the attached ordinance which amends Chapter 15.04 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code and adopts the 1998 California Fire Code with Palo Alto Local
Amendments, and
2.Approve the related Findings of Fact.
BACKGROUND
The California Fire Code (CFC) is revised and published every three years. State law
requires jurisdictions that adopt local amendments to adopt those amendments related to
housing within 180 days from the adoption of the State codes.
The purpose of the California Fire Code and local amendments is to prescribe regulations
consistent with nationally recognized standards of good and safe practices. This is
accomplished to a reasonable degree by safeguarding life and property from the hazards of
fire, explosion and hazardous materials release as well as from hazardous conditions
associated with the use or occupancy of buildings or premises.
The California Fire Code, which is based on the Uniform Fire Code, is a consensus
document. The documents are developed after numerous public hearings with testimony
from interested members of the fire service, private industry and other concerned individuals
throughout the United States. Fire department staff attended most hearings and provided
input and direction into the process.
The Santa Clara County Fire-Chiefs Association endeavor to streamline, modernize,
consolidate and standardize local amendments where possible. The toxic gas provisions
were updated to be consistent with current State and Federal ~tandards. Streamlining and
uniform code interpretation is a concern of business and industry throughout the state. This
group has addressed those concerns. The primary objective has been to provide uniform
language and interpretation of the codes. Additionally, consistency with the Building,
Mechanical and Electrical Codes has been achieved, while addressing each communities
unique characteristics. Staff participated in the development and review of the model codes
and county wide amendments. This report recommends Council adoption of the current
CFC, the Santa Clara County amendments and the local amendments pertaining to the City
of Palo Alto. Such amendments include, but are not limited to additional fire protection
features for buildings in the foothills hazardous fire area, condominium complexes,
commercial occupancies and facilities using, storing or handling hazardous materials.
CMR 235:99 Page 2 of 4
DISCUSSION
The attached ordinance reflects a number of deletions and consolidations, without
compromise to public safety. This countywide focus will minimize confusion as to how the
codes are interpreted, applied and enforced. This will be especially true when applicants
with similar projects cross jurisdictional boundaries.
A provision has been carried over from previous code adoptions that would authorize the Fire
Chief to continue to require, at the time of construction, an elevator car that is sized to
accommodate ambulance gurneys. This is unique from what is required by the model codes
and adds minimally to the cost of construction. When buildings do not have adequately sized
elevator cars, paramedics and firefighters must physically carry emergency medical patients
down several flights of stairs. This results in certain lifesaving procedures, such as
cardiopulmonary resuscitation and artificial resuscitation, being stopped during movement
of the patient to the ambulance and increases the risk of injury to firefighters.
Amendments to the model toxic gas ordinance (TGO) are being proposed concurrently in all
of the jurisdictions in Santa Clara County using the TGO. These amendments will
modernize the ordinance utilizing a nationally recognized standard for the classification of
toxic gases. These amendments will delete sections which no longer apply, to incorporate
some consensus guidelines that have been used for years to facilitate the implementation of
the ordinance and to ensure that the requirements are consistent with other jurisdictions in
and around Santa Clara County. Staff believes that these changes do not significantly affect
the overall level of public safety or regulatory control currently provided by the existing
ordinance.
Existing local amendments were reviewed to determine applicability and were carried over
from previous code adoptions, when appropriate. All of the newer amendments are minor
changes or clarification in language. The intent of the code remains to reduce loss of life and
property due to fire and/or releases of hazardous materials. This is accomplished by
identifying hazards from lessons learned, and by proactively incorporating engineering
controls and best practices into new buildings within the community. The code is not
intended to be applied retroactively unless it is expressly implied by the code or is
determined by the Fire Chief that an existing condition presents a distinct hazard to life or
property.
Staffhas encouraged community comments and input in this process. The draft amendments
of the CFC were published on the Fire Department’s web site with an opportunity for
community feedback for a period of 30 days. Notification was made to the Chamber of
Commerce and the members of the Health and Safety Committee in the Research Park. Staff
has responded to all questions and comments.
CMR 235:99 Page 3 of 4
RESOURCE IMPACT
Adoption of the attached ordinance will not require changes to existing resources.
staffing and facilities are not affected.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
No significam changes to the current standard of care are proposed by this adoption. County
wide uniformity is enhanced.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
This is not a project under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).
ATTACHMENTS
1. Ordinance amending Chapter 15.04 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code and adopting the
1998 California Fire Code
2.Findings of Fact
PREPARED BY:Reinhard Hans~~.~..
DEPARTMENT HEAD: RU~ENfiRIJALVA
Fire Chi/ef
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
HARRISON
Assistant City Manager
CMR 235:99 Page 4 of 4
City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
5
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: FIRE
DATE:
SUBJECT:
MAY 10, 1999 CMR: 235:99
INTRODUCTION OF AN ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE 1998
CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE WITH LOCAL AMENDMENTS; MAKING
CERTAIN FINDINGS; AND SETTING A PUBLIC HEARING FOR
MAY 24, 1999
REPORT IN BRIEF
This report requests Council Approval of amendments to Chapter 15.04 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code for the adoption of the 1998 California Fire Code (CFC) with Palo Alto
Local amendments. The report also includes Finding of Fact required by State law for local
amendments to the CFC. Amendments to the model toxic gas ordinance are incorporated in
this adoption of the CFC to streamline and coordinate the code requirements on a county
wide basis. This adoption of the CFC will maintain the goal to reduce loss of life and
property due to fire and/or releases of hazardous materials.
CMR 235:99 Page 1 of 4
RECOMMENDATION
This report recommends Council approve the following recommendations:
Approve the attached ordinance which amends Chapter 15.04 of the Palo Alto
Municipal Code and adopts the 1998 California Fire Code with Palo Alto Local
Amendments, and
2.Approve the related Findings of Fact.
BACKGROUND
The California Fire Code (CFC) is revised and published every three years. State law
requires jurisdictions that adopt local amendments to adopt those amendments related to
housing within 180 days from the adoption of the State codes.
The purpose of the California Fire Code and local amendments is to prescribe regulations
consistent with nationally recognized standards of good and safe practices. This is
accomplished to a reasonable degree by safeguarding life and property from the hazards of
fire, explosion and hazardous materials release as well as from hazardous conditions
associated with the use or occupancy of buildings or premises.
The California Fire Code, which is based on the Uniform Fire Code, is a consensus
document. The documents are developed after numerous public hearings with testimony
from interested members of the fire service, private industry and other concerned individuals
throughout the United States. Fire department staff attended most hearings and provided
input and direction into the process.
The Santa Clara County Fire-Chiefs Association endeavor to streamline, modernize,
consolidate and standardize local amendments where possible. The toxic gas provisions
were updated to be consistent with current State and Federal standards. Streamlining and
uniform code interpretation is a concern of business and industry throughout the state. This
group has addressed those concerns. The primary objective has been to provide uniform
language and interpretation of the codes. Additionally, consistency with the Building,
Mechanical and Electrical Codes has been achieved, while addressing each communities
unique characteristics. Staffparticipated in the development and review of the model codes
and county wide amendments. This report recommends Council adoption of the current
CFC, the Santa Clara County amendments and the local amendments pertaining to the City
of Palo Alto. Such amendments include, but are not limited to additional fire protection
features for buildings in the foothills hazardous fire area, condominium complexes,
commercial occupancies and facilities using, storing or handling hazardous materials.
CMR 235:99 Page 2 of 4
DISCUSSION
The attached ordinance reflects a number of deletions and consolidations, without
compromise to public safety. This countywide focus will minimize confusion as to how the
codes are interpreted, applied and enforced. This will be especially true when applicants
with similar projects cross jurisdictional boundaries.
A provision has been carried over from previous code adoptions that would authorize the Fire
Chief to continue to require, at the time of construction, an elevator car that is sized to
accommodate ambulance gurneys. This is unique from what is required by the model codes
and adds minimally to the cost of construction. When buildings do not have adequately sized
elevator cars, paramedics and firefighters must physically carry emergency medical patients
down several flights of stairs. This results in certain lifesaving procedures, such as
cardiopulmonary resuscitation and artificial resuscitation, being stopped during movement
of the patient to the ambulance and increases the risk of injury to firefighters. ~
Amendments to the model toxic gas ordinance (TGO) are being proposed concurrently in all
of the jurisdictions in Santa Clara County using the TGO. These amendments will
modernize the ordinance utilizing a nationally recognized standard for the classification of
toxic gases. These amendments will delete sections which no longer apply, to incorporate
some consensus guidelines that have been used for years to facilitate the implementation of
the ordinance and to ensure that the requirements are consistent with other jurisdictions in
and around Santa Clara County. Staff believes that these changes do not significantly affect
the overall level of public safety or regulatory control currently provided by the existing
ordinance.
Existing local amendments were reviewed to determine applicability and were carried over
from previous code adoptions, when appropriate. All of the newer amendments are minor
changes or clarification in language. The intent of the code remains to reduce loss of life and
property due to fire and/or releases of hazardous materials. This is accomplished by
identifying hazards from lessons learned, and by proactively incorporating engineering
controls and best practices into new buildings within the community. The code is not
intended to be applied retroactively unless it is expressly implied by the code or is
determined by the Fire Chief that an existing condition presents a distinct hazard to life or
property.
Staff has encouraged community comments and input in this process. The draft amendments
of the CFC were published on the Fire Department’s web site with an opportunity for
community feedback for a period of 30 days. Notification was made to the Chamber of
Commerce and the members of the Health and Safety Committee in the Research Park. Staff
has responded to all questions and comments.
CMR 235:99 Page 3 of 4
RESOURCE IMPACT
Adoption of the attached ordinance will not require changes to existing resources.
staffing and facilities are not affected.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
No significant changes to the current standard of care are proposed by this adoption. County
wide uniformity is enhanced.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
This is not a project under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).
ATTACHMENTS
1. Ordinance amending Chapter 15.04 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code and adopting the
1998 California Fire Code
2. Findings of Fact
PREPARED BY: Reinhard Hanselk~
DEPARTMENT HEAD:
RUBEN
Fire
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
HARRISON
Assistant City Manager
CMR 235:99 Page 4 of 4
ORDINANCE NO.
ORDINANCE OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO ALTO
REPEALING AND REENACTING TITLE 15 OF THE PALO ALTO
MUNICIPAL CODE FOR THE ADOPTION OF THE 1998
CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE AND LOCAL AMENDMENTS THERETO
The Council of the City of Palo Alto does ORDAIN as
follows:
SECTION I. Title 15 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code is
hereby amended by repealing in its entirety Title 15 and enacting
a new Title 15 to read as follows:
CHAPTER 15.04
UNIFORM FIRE CODE
15.04.010 Adoption of the California Fire Code.
The "California Fire Code, 1998 Edition Volume I" of the
International Fire Code Institute, 9300 Jollyville Road, Suite 105,
Austin, Texas 78759 and Western Fire Chiefs Association, 28924
Front Street, Suite 107, Temecula, California 92590, is adopted,
including Appendix I-B as amended, and appendices I-C, II-A as
amended, II-B, II-C, II-D, II-F as amended, II-I, II-J, III-A as
amended, III-B as amended, III-C, III-D, IV-A, IV-B, V-A, VI-A, VI-
B, VI-C, VI-D, VI-E, VI-F, VI-G, VI-H, VI-I and companion standards
"Uniform Fire Code Volume II." One copy of the California Fire Code
is on file and open to public inspection in the office of the city
clerk. Three copies of the secondary codes set forth within the
CaliforniaFire Code, and the amendments set forth in this chapter,
are on file and. open to public inspection in the fire department
administrative office.
Whenever the phrase "Uniform Fire Code" appears in this
code or in any ordinance of the city, such phrase shall be deemed
and construed to refer to and apply to the "California Fire Code,
1998 Edition" as adopted and amended by this chapter.
15.04.011 Adoption of National Fire Protection
Association Standards.
The most current published editions of the following
standards published by the National Fire Protection Association are
adopted:
NFPA 13, 13D, 13R,14, 17, 17A, 24, 70, 72, 90A, ii0, iii, 318,
327, 490 and 2001.
990505 syn 0043704
These standards are adopted as guidance documents for all
situations not specifically addressed by provisions of Federal or
State law or local ordinance.
15.04.012 Violations and penalties.
Any person, firm or corporation violating any provision of
this fire code shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon
conviction thereof shall be punished as provided in subsection (a)
of Section 1.08.010 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code. Each separate
day or any portion thereof during which any violation of the fire
code occurs or continues shall be deemed to constitute a separate
offense, and upon conviction.thereof shall be punishable as herein
provided.
15.04.030 Section 103.1.4 deleted - Appeals.
Section 103.1.4 of the Uniform Fire Code, "Appeals," is
deleted.
15.04.040 Section 103.2.1.1
safety plan review.
(9) and (I0) added -Life
Sections 103.2.1.1 (9) a~d (i0) are added to the Uniform
Fire Code to read as follows:
(9) Fire and life-safety plan review
construction, all remodels, and all additions.
of all new
(i0) The Fire Chief may require floor plans, on-site
hydrant locations, hazardous materials locations, and other
significant design elements to be provided in a format compatible
with the City’s Geographic Information System (GIS) at time of
construction. This requirement would apply to newly constructed
buildings over two stories in height or over 15,000 square feet in
floor area for single or aggregate buildings, and to facilities
where hazardous materials are used or stored in quantities
exceeding permit amounts in Section 105.
15.04.050 Section 103.3.1.1 amended - Authority to inspect°
Section 103.3.1.1 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
The Fire Prevention Bureau shall inspect, as often as
necessary, buildings and premises, including such other
hazards or appliances designated by the chief for the
purposes of ascertaining and causing to be corrected any
conditions which would reasonably tend to cause fire or
contribute to its spread, result in an unauthorized
990505 syn 0043704
2
discharge of hazardous materials, or any violation of this
code or any other law or standard affecting fire and life
safety.
15.04.055 Section 103.4.1.1.1 added - Hazard abatement.
Section 103.4.1.1.1 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
Any act or condition that presents a fire, panic, or
life safety hazard, or would contribute to the rapid spread
of fire or inhibit mitigation or increase the chance of
release of hazardous material, or would interfere with
hinder or delay the egress of occupants or response of
emergency personnel and which is not otherwise addressed in
this code, shall be abated, eliminated, corrected as
directed by the Chief.
15.04.60 Section 103.4.4.1 added - Enforcement/citation
authority.
Section 103.4.4.1 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read
as follows:
The following designated employee positions may
enforce the provisions of this chapter by the issuance of
citations. Persons employed in such positions are
authorized to exercise the authority provided in Penal Code
Section 836.5 and are authorized to issue citations for
violations of this chapter. The designated employee
positions are: Fire Chief, Deputy Fire Chief, Fire Marshal,
Fire Protection Manager, Fire Inspector, Hazardous
¯ Materials Specialist and Hazardous Materials Inspector.
15.04.070 Subsection 105.2.4 added to Section 105 Permits
- Permit fees.
Subsection 105.2.4 is added to Section 105 - Permits - of
the Uniform Fire Code to read as follows:
105.2.4 All permit fees shall be established by the
City Counci! as set forth in the municipal fee schedule.
15.04.080 Subsection c.7 of Section 105.8 amended - Permit
Required.
Subsection c.7 of Section 105.8 of the Uniform Fire Code is
amended to read as follows:
990505 syn 0043704
CITE
Code
U.F.C.PERMIT DESCRIPTION
i05.8.c.7 Compressed Gases. To store, use or handle at normal
temperatures and pressures compressed gases in excess of
the amounts listed in Table 105-A. To install any piped
distribution system for compressed gases, or to install a
medical gas manifold system. Nhen the compressed gases in
use or storage exceed the amounts listed in Table 105-A,
a permit is.required to install, repair, abandon, removed,
place temporarily out of service, close or substantially
modify a compressed gas system.
EXCEPTIONS: i. Routine maintenance.
2. For emergency repair work performed on an
emergency basis, application for permit shall be made
within two working days of commencement of work.
The permit applicant shall apply for approval to
close storage, use or handling facilities at least 30
days prior to the termination of the storage, use or
handling of compressed or liquefied gases. Such
application shall include any change or alteration of
the facility closure plan filed pursuant to Section
8001.13. This 30-day period may be waived by the
chief if there are special circumstances requiring
such waiver.
15.04.081 Subsection c.9 of Section 105.8 amended - Permit
Required.
Subsection c.9 of Section 105.8 of the Uniform Fire Code is
amended to read as follows:
CITE
Code
U.F.C.PERMIT DESCRIPTION
I05.8.c.9 Except where federal or state regulations apply and except
for fuel systems of vehicles, to produce, stole or handle
cryogens in excess of the amounts listed in Table 105-B,
to install a cryogenic vessel or piping system for the
storage or distribution of cryogens. See Article 75.
15.04.083 Subsections d.3, f.4, f.5, f.6, f.7, f.8, and f.9
added to Section 105.8 - Permit required.
Subsections d.3, f.6, f.7, f.8, f.9, f.10 and f.ll are
added to Section 105.8 of the Uniform Fire Code to read as follows:
990505 syn 0043704
Permits shall be required in accordance with section 105.8
and this section:
CITE
Code
U.F.C.PERMIT DESCRIPTION
105.8 d.3.Day Care Permits. To operate a day care facility for more
than six people.
Automatic fire sprinklers system Installation/Modification
Other automatic fire extinguishing systems Installation/
Modification
105.8 f.8.
105.8 f.9.
105.8 f.10.
105.8 f.ll.
Fire Alarm Systems. Installation/Modification
Standpipe systems wet, dry or combination installation
Hydrants private on-site, installation/modification
Underground fire service lines, installation/ modification
15.04.090 Section 209-C amended - Amendment of definition
of continuous gas detection system.
Section 209-C of the Uniform Fire Code is amended with a
change in definition to read as follows:
CONTINUOUS GAS DETECTION SYSTEM is a gas detection
system where the analytical instrument is maintained in
continuous operation and sampling is performed without
interruption. Analysis is allowed to be performed on a
cyclical, basis at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.
15.04.100 Section 209-H amended - Addition of definition of
hazardous materials business plan.
Section 209-H of the Uniform,Fire Code is amended with an
additional definition to read as follows:
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS BUSINESS PLAN is a written plan
containing at a minimum the information required pursuant
to Section 25500 et seqo of the Health and Safety Code.
15.04.110 Section 220-S amended - Addition of definitions
of storage facility and storage/use facility.
990505 syn 0043704
Section 220-S of the Uniform Fire Code is amended with two
additional definitions to read as follows:
STORAGE/USE FACILITY is a building, portion of a
building, or exterior area used for the storage, use, or
handling of hazardous materials where the quantity of
hazardous materials is equal to or greater than the permit
amounts specified in Section 105.
STORAGE/USE SYSTEM is any one or combination of tanks,
sumps, wet floors, waste treatment facilities, pipes,
vaults or other portable or fixed containers, and their
secondary containment systems, which are used, or designed
to be used, for the storage of hazardous materials at a
storage/use facility.
15.04.120 Section 902.5 added - Gurney access requirements
for elevators.
Section 902.5 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read as
follows:
902.5 Gurney access for elevators. When elevators are
provided in buildings two stories in height or more,
constructed after January 4, 1990, at least one elevator
shall be of a size to accommodate a fire department gurney
and a minimum of two (2) emergency response personnel. For
engineering purposes, sizing shall be based on gurney
dimensions of 24" x 82" It is not the intent of this
amendment to require elevators, but to regulate the minimum
size when an elevator is installed in order to expedite
emergency medical transport for critical care patients.
15.04.140 Subsections 903.4.2.1 and 903.4.2.2 added to
Section 903 - Water supplies and fire hydrants.
Subsections 903.4.2.1 and 903.4.2.2 are added to the
Uniform Fire Code to read as follows:
903.4.2.1 Fire hydrant spacing.
Where fire hydrants are required by this Code, the standard
spacings listed herein shall be maintained, unless in the judgment
of the Fire Chief, conditions warrant a reasonable deviation from
these standards:
300 feet for commercial/industrial and high density
residential districts;
- 500 feet for other districts.
990505 syn 0043704
6
903.4.2.2 On-site hydrants.
Painting of all on-site fire hydrants shall be done in
visibility-yellow to identify the hydrant.
15.04.160 Subsection 1003.2.1.1 added to Section 1003 Fire
Extinguishing Systems.
Subsection 1003.2.1.1 is added to Section 1003 of the
Uniform Fire Code to read as follows:
1003.2.1.1 An automatic sprinkler system shall be
installed in any building or group of buildings where, in
the judgment of the Fire Chief, such building or group of
buildings, due to size, height, type Of construction,
location on property, contents, or occupancy classification
would exceed or severely tax the capabilities of the local
fire department to perform a reasonable level of rescue and
fire suppression operations. Such buildings shall include,
but not be limited to:
i. All new buildings requiring greater than 1,000
gpm fire flow. Required fire flow shall be determined by
Appendix III-A as modified by this Title.
The area used in the fire flow formula shall be the
gross building area regardless of area or occupancy
separation walls.
2. All new buildings more than five stories or 50
ft. in height.
3. All new buildings constructed in the hazardous
fire area ("hazardous fire area" is defined as, and
includes, all property located west of Interstate 280). See
U.F.C. Appendix II~A. NFPA 13-D shall be the reference
standard for residential installation. For remodels see
subsection (5) below.
4. Existing buildings which have occupiable square
footage added to the gross square footage or which have the
principal occupancy classification changed to a more
hazardous classification, shall be evaluated for fire flow
using Appendix III-A as modified. If calculated fire flow
exceeds i000 gpm, an automatic fire sprinkler system shall
be installed throughout the entire building.
5. When additions, alterations, or repairs within any
twelve (12) month period exceed fifty percent (50%) of.the
value of an existing building or structure, such building
990505 syn 0043704
shall be considered to be a new building and evaluated in
accordance with the Building Code and Appendix III-A to
determine whether an automatic fire sprinkler system is
required. Value shall be determined from the cost per
square foot table in the most current Building Standards
Magazine, published by the International Conference of
Building Officials.
If the building addition requires sprinklers under
Section 1 (listed above), the entire building shall be
sprinklered.
6. If an automatic fire sprinkler system is not
required by any other section of this code or the Building
Code, the area, height ~or story increases or the fire
resistive substitutions which may~have been permitted by
the Building Code shall apply.
7. The Fire Chief may waive the 1000-gpm fire
flow provision when applied to buildings housing only R-3
occupancies and open parking structures not located in the
hazardous fire area.
8. Sprinkler systems shall be equipped .with a
minimum two-way siamese Fire Department connection.
Connections shall be located on a street front not less
than three (3) feet or more than four (4) feet above grade
and shall be equipped with an approved straightway check
valve. Locations shall be subject to approval by the Fire
Chief prior.to any installation.
EXCEPTION: Automatic sprinkler systems installed
in accordance with the NFPA standards 13-D, and 13-R, may
have a single 2-1/2-inch connection with approved
straightway check valve.
9. Any person, firm, company, or corporation’
performing servicing as required by Title 19 of the
California State Fire Marshal’s Rules and Regulations, on
any fire protection appliance, shal! affix a permanent
label to the riser of the Fire Department connection
directly below the two-way siamese. This sticker or label
shall meet the requirements of the California State Fire
Marshal’s Office.
15.04.170 Subsection 1003.2.10 added to Section 1003 - Life
safety systems in R-3 and R-I occupancies.
990505 syn 0043704
Subsections 1003.2.10 is added to Section 1003 of the
Uniform Fire Code to read as follows:
1003.2.10 Life safety systems in R-3 and
occupancies.
R-I
The Fire Chief may approve a life safety designed
automatic fire sprinkler systems for installation in R-3
and R-I occupancies not more than three (3) stories or 35
feet in height.
i. Materials: Life safety automatic, fire sprinkler
systems may be installed using any materials listed for
such use by UL or other nationally recognized testing
laboratory including materials made of plastic.
2. Design standards: Life safety automatic fire
sprinkler systems shall be designed and installed in
accordance with NFPA 13-R or may be designed and installed
under the supervision of a licensed fire protection
engineer who will certify that the design criteria will
provide life safety from fire equivalent to NFPA 13-R
standards as modified below.
3. Additional requirements for R-I and R-3
occupancies: If 13-R or 13-D design criteria is approved by
the Fire Chief, the designer shall meet the requirements
listed below in addition to NFPA 13-R or 13-D standards
3.1. A 2~-inch fire department pumper connection shall
be provided, when required by the chief.
3.2. In addition to the required Post Indicator Valve,
a main shut-off valve shall be provided at the riser. All
valves shall be locked in the "OPEN" position.
3.3. A local water flow alarm bell shall be provided.
3.4. If a local fire alarm is required sprinkler water
flow detection shall be interconnected.
3.5. Systems containing more than i00 sprinklers shall
comply with the provisions of Article 10-Fire Protection
Systems and Equipment of this Code.
3.6. Garages, attics and usable under-floor spaces
including crawl spaces shall be protected.
3.7. Water supply demand for the system shall be
calculated to the most remote unit or attic space.
990505 syn 0043704
4. Mixed occupancy conditions: Buildings containing
mixed uses shall be protected in accordance with the
hazardous classification of each use; reference for
determining hazard classes NFPA Standard 13.
EXCEPTION: R-I occupancies within mixed occupancy
buildings meeting all other criteria of this subsection may
be protected to life safety standards on-the interior of
individual living units.
5. Automatic fire sprinkler trade-offs: Fire resistive
substitution or area and height increases which might
otherwise be permitted shall not ~apply to buildings
protected by life safety fire sprinkler systems.
6. Installation: All required life safety fire
sprinkler ~systems shall be installed by contractors
licensed’by the State of California for installation of
automatic fire sprinkler systems.
EXCEPTION: An individual homeowner acting as his/her
own contractor may install a life safety fire sprinkler
system, provided that the system design has been reviewed
and approved by a licensed engineer or a C-16 licensed
contractor.
7. Licensed contractors installing plastic pipe shall
be certified by the manufacturer of the listed pipe, in
addition to State of California contractors’ licensing
requirements. This certificate shall be in the possession
of.the installer on the job site at all times, and shall be
presented upon request of the Fire Chief.
8. Installers using listed plastic pipe shall use
insulated pipe clamps or other clamps as approved by the
Fire Chief.
9. All NFPA 13-D, or 13~R systems shall
Hydrostatically tested at 200 psi for two (2) hours.
be
15.04.175 Subsection 1003.4 amended and subsections 4 and
5 deleted from Section 1003.4 - Permissible sprinkler omissions.
Subsection 1003.4 is amended and subsections 4 and 5 are
deleted from Section 1003.4 of the Uniform Fire Code to read as
follows:
990505 syn 0043704
10
1003.4 Permissible sprinkler omissions. Subject to
the approva! of the Fire Chief, sprinklers may be omitted
in rooms or areas as follows:
i. When sprinklers are considered undesirable because
of the nature of the contents or in rooms or areas which
are of noncombustible construction with wholly
noncombustible contents and which are not exposed by other
areas. Sprinklers shall not be omitted from any room merely
because it is damp, of fire-resistive construction or
contains electrica! equipment.
2. Sprinklers shall not be installed when the
application of water or flame and water to the contents may
constitute a serious life or fire hazard, as in the
manufacture or storage of quantities of aluminum powder,
calcium carbide, calcium phosphide, metallic sodium and
potassium, quicklime, magnesium powder and sodium peroxide.
3. In accordance with National
Association Standards 13, 13-D or 13R.
Fire Protection
4. Deleted.
5. Deleted.
15.04.177 Section 1003.5 added - Sprinkler control valves.
Section 1003.5 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read as
follows:
1003.5 Floor control valves. Automatic sprinkler
systems serving buildings two (2) or more stories in height
shall have valves installed so as to control the system
independently on each floor including basements.
EXCEPTION: Buildings not over three (3) stories in
height containing only R-3 occupancies.
Floor control valves shall be protected from tampering
by installation in lockable enclosures and by valve
supervision in accordance with section 1003.3.1 of the
Uniform Fire Code.
15.04.178 Section
installations.
i004.1.i amended -Required
Section 1004.1.1.of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
990505 syn 0043704
11
1004.1.i Required installations. Standpipe systems shall
be provided as set forth in Table 1004-A. In addition, an approved
standpipe system shall be provided in all underground parking
structures.
15.04.180 Section 1007.1.3 added -Monitoring of Fire
Extinguishing Systems.
Section 1007.1.3 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read
as follows:
1007.1.3 monitoring of fire extinguishing systems.
When a fire alarm system is installed in a building then
the system shall monitor all fire extinguishing systems.
Activation of the fire extinguishing systems shall send an
alarm signal and initiate alarm signaling devices.
15.04.181 Subsections 1007.3.3.3.5 and 1007.3.3.3.6 added
to Section 1007.3.3.3. - Graphic annunciation.
Subsections 1007.3.3.3.5 and 1007.3.3.3.6 added to Section
1007.3 of the Uniform Fire Code to read as follows:
1007.3.3.3.5 Graphic annunciator panels. Graphic
annunciator panels shall be provided at such locations as
are required by the Fire Chief.
1007.3.3.3.6 Existing buildings. The provisions of
this section shall apply to existing conditions as well as
to conditions arising after the adoption thereof, except
that the conditions legally in existence at the adoption of
this section and not in strict compliance~therewith shall
be permitted to continue only if, .in the opinion of the
Fire Chief, they do not constitute a distinct hazard to
life or property.
15.04.181 Section 1103.2.4.1 added - Weed removal.
Section 1103.2.4.1 of the Uniform Fire Code is added to
read as follows:
1103.2.4.1 Weed removal. The fire chief may cause the
removal of weeds on properties in which further delay of weed
removal would promote a hazard. The chief may also at his option
bill subject properties for any and all expenses related to the
removal or as outlined in Chapter 8.08 of the Palo Alto Municipal
Code.
990505 syn 0043704
12
15.04.185 Subsection 1107.3 added - Immersion heaters.
Subsection 1107.3 is added to Section 1107 of the Uniform
Fire Code to read as follows:
1107.3 Immersion heaters. All electrical immersion
heaters used in dip tanks, sinks, vats and similar
operations shall be provided with approved over-temperature
controls and low liquid level electrical disconnects.
Manual reset of required protection devices shall be
provided.
15.04.187 Subsection 1302.4 added to Section 1302 -
Preventable false fire alarms.
Subsection 1302.4 is added to Section 1302 of the Uniform
Fire Code to read as follows:
1302.4 Preventable false fire alarms. More than two
false alarms received within a 30-day period and each
consecutive alarm thereafter, from a private alarm
connection to the Municipal alarm system or to the
Communications Center which are determined after
investigation by the Fire Chief to be preventable (as
defined in the Palo Alto Fire Department General Orders)
are subject to a fine, as established by the Municipal Fee
Schedule, that shall be equivalent to the direct cost of
all responding units. Cost shall be computed in increments
of fifteen (15) minutes. Cancellation of responses(s) en
route shall be deemed as a preventable false alarm.
15.-04.194 Subsections 2501.16.4, 2501.16.5, 2501.16.6 added
to Section 2501.16 - Maximum occupant load.
Subsections 2501.16.4, 2501.16.5, 2501.16.6 are added to
Section 2501.16 of the Uniform Fire Code to read as follows:
2501.16.4 Occupant load signs. Occupant load signs,
when required, shall meet the requirements of the Palo Alto
Fire Department occupant load sign requirements. The chief
may require an occupant load sign for any occupancy which
may be subject to overcrowding.
2501.16.5 Maximum room capacity sign shall be
conspicuously posted by the owner of the building by means
of durable signs placed in each assembly room, auditorium,
or room used for a similar purpose where fixed seats are
not installed. It shall be unlawful to remove or deface
990505 syn 0043704
13
such sign or to permit more than the legal number of
persons within such space.
2501.16.6 Sample sign. The following sign meets the
requirements of subsection 2501.16.4:
O : 0
SEATING C APACI TY
NOT To EXCEED~ , ~/ ’0 0
DINING
f~Y ORDER OF FIR£C
15.04.200 Section 5202.4.4.2 amended - Nozzles.
Section 5202.4.4.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
5202.4.4.2 Nozzles. A listed automatic-closing -type
hose nozzle valve with a latch open-device shall be
provided’ on island type dispensers used for dispensing
Class I, II or III~A liquids.
15.04.205 Section 6301 amended - Scope.
Section 6301 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to read as
follows:
SECTION 6301 -SCOPE
Refrigeration unit and system installations having a
refrigerant circuit containing more than 220 pounds (I00
kg) of Group Al.or 30 pounds (13.6 kg) of any other group
refrigerant shall be in accordance with Article 63 and the
Mechanical Code. See the Mechanical Code for refrigerant
group descriptions. See also Sections 8001.1.2, 8001.16.7
and 8002.
990505 syn 0043704
14
EXCEPTION: The chief is authorized to exempt temporary
or portable installations.
15.04.207 Section 7401.6.4 amended -
compressed gas containers, cylinders and tanks.
Securing
Section 7401.6.4 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
7401.6.4 Securing compressed gas containers, cylinders
and tanks. Compressed gas containers, cylinders and tanks
shall be individually secured to prevent falling due to
contact, vibration or seismic activity. Securing of
compressed gas containers, cylinders and tanks shall be by
one of the following methods:
i. Securing compressed gas containers, cylinders and
tanks to a fixed object with one or more noncombustible
restraints. Compressed gas containers, cylinders and tanks,
26-inches (660 mm) in height or greater shall be secured by
not less than two restraints positioned as close as
practical to one-third and two-thirds of the height of the
container.
2. Securing compressed gas containers, cylinders and
tanks on a can or other mobile device designed for the
movement of compressed gas containers, cylinders and tanks.
3. Nesting of compressed gas containers, cylinders and
tanks at container falling or servicing facilities or in
seller’s warehouses not accessible to the public, nesting
shall be allowed provided the nested containers, cylinders
or tanks, if dislodged, do not obstruct the required means
of egress.
4. Securing of compressed gas containers, cylinders or
tanks to or within an approved rack, framework, cabinet or
similar assembly designed for such use.
15.04.210 Section 7901.1.1.1 added - Unauthorized release.
Section 7901.1.1.1 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
7901.1.1.1 Unauthorized release. The storage,
dispensing, mixing, handling and use of flammable and
combustible liquids shal! be done in a manner so as not to
increase the risk of an unauthorized release.
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Section 7901.3.2 amended - Plans.
Section 7901.3.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read asfollows:
7901.3.2 Plans. Plans shall be submitted with each
application for a permit to store liquids outside of
buildings in drums or tanks. The plans shall indicate the
method of storage, quantities to be stored, distances from
buildings and property lines, accessways, fire-protection
facilities, and provisions for spill control and secondary
containment.
15.04.213 Section 7901.8.1 amended - General.
Section 7901.8.1 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended
to read as follows:
7901.8.1 General. Buildings, rooms and areas shall be
provided with a means to control spillage and contain or
drain spillage and fire protection water as set forth in
7901. See also Section 8001.14.5.
15.04.215 Section 7901.11.1.3 added - Spill control.
Section 7901.11.1.3 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
7901.11.1.3 Spill control. Spill control shall be
provided for piping for flammable and combustible liquids.
Spill control includes but is not limited to double walled
piping.
15.04.216 Section 7901.13 added - Monitoring.
Section 7901.13 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read
as follows:
7901.13 Monitoring. Monitoring of flammable and
combustible liquid storage/use systems shall be provided on
a regular or continuous basis. The monitoring system and
its frequency shall be included in the Business Plan if
otherwise required or shall be in writing for approval by
the chief. Monitoring methods may include but are not
limited to the following;
i. Visual inspection, no less than monthly. (requires
trained personnel and documentation).
990505 syn 0043704
16
2. Continuous leak detection and alarm system.
3. Any system which will provide continuous, reliable
monitoring of the primary container(s) capable of alerting
occupants to an alarm or trouble condition; all systems are
subject to approval by the chief.
15.04.217 Section 7901.14 added - Containment requirements.
Section 7901.14 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read
as follows:
7901.14 Containment requirements. A containment
system shall be required for all flammable and combustible
liquids. Construction shall be substantial, capable of
safely and securely containing a sudden release without
discharge. Design criteria shall be performance oriented
and constructed of compatible materials to resist
degradation and provide structural and functional integrity
for a period of time reasonably necessary to ensure
detection, mitigation, and repair of the primary system.
The Chief may require outside containment areas to be
covered with a roof or canopy for protection from the
environment.
15.04.218 Section 7902.1.7.2 amended - Underground tanks.
Section 7902.1.7.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
7902.1.7.2 Underground tanks. Underground storage
tanks for flammable and combustible liquids shall be
installed, maintained, operated and closed in accordance
with Article 79 and Title 23, Division 3, Chapter 16 of the
California Code of Regulations. Where provisions conflict,
the more restrictive requirement shall apply.
15.04.22 Subsection
temporarily out of service.
7902.1.7.2.1 amended -Tanks
Section 7902.1.7.2.1 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
7902.1.7.2.1 Tanks temporarily out of service.
Underground tanks temporarily out of service shall have the
fill line, gage opening, vapor return and pump connection
secured against tampering. Vent lines shall remain open and
be maintained in accordance with Sections 7902.1.10 and
990505 syn 0043704
17
7902.2.6. Environmental monitoring required by this article
or other laws shall continue.
15.04.225 Section 7902.1.7.2.6 added - Placing safeguarded
tanks back in service.
Section 7902.1.7.2.6 of the Uniform Fire Code is added to
read as follows:
7902.1.7.2.6 Placing safeguarded tanks back in
service. Tanks which are to be placed back in service
shall be tested in a manner approved by the chief.
Environmental samples shall be taken from approved
locations and the analytica! reports provided to the Fire
Chief.
15.04.244 Section 7902.2.2.1 amended -Locations where
aboveground tanks are prohibited.
Section 7902.2.2.1 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
7902.2.2.1 Locations where aboveground tanks are
prohibited. The storage of Class I, II and III liquids in
aboveground tanks outside of buildings is prohibited within
the City of Palo Alto.
EXCEPTIONS:
I. Class II and III liquids protected by an approved
fire extinguishing system and all other provisions of this
Code are met.
2. Class II and III liquids for emergency and standby
power systems, in unprotected tanks with a capacity of 600
gallons or less, or in protected tanks, as defined in
Appendix II-F, with a capacity of 2,000 gallons or less, ’
when all other provisions of this Code are met.
3. The chief may approve the storage of Class I
liquids in aggregate quantities of 2,000 gallons or less,
or Class II and III liquids in aggregate quantities of
6,000 gallons or less, in agricultural land use zones, and
temporarily at construction sites, at earth moving
projects, and other approved areas, provided all other
provisions of this Code are met.
990505 syn 0043704
18
15.04.246 Section 7902.5.9.5 added - Listed refrigeration.
Section 7902.5.9.5 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
7902.5.9.5 Listed refrigeration. Refrigeration of
flammable liquids shall be within appliances listed or
approved by a nationally recognized laboratory. If
refrigeration is needed to prevent a hazardous condition
the Fire Chief may require standby power or an equivalent
safeguard.
15.04.248 Section 7902.6.8 amended - Leaking tanks.
Section 7902.6.8 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
7902.6.8 Leaking tanks. Leaking tanks shall be
promptly reported, emptied, and removed from the ground or
abandoned in accordance with Section 7902.1.7.4 or
7902.1.7.2.4, .respectively. The Fire Chief .may permit a
double contained tank to be repaired by an approved method
and may require recommendations from a qualified engineer.~
15.04.261 Section 8001.1.1 amended - General.
Section 8001.1.1 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.1.1 General. Prevention, control and mitigation
of dangerous conditions related to storage, dispensing,
use, and handling of hazardous materials, regardless of
quantity, and information needed by emergency response
personnel shall be in accordance with Article 80.
This article shall include those parts of Chapter 6.95
(commencing with Sec. 25500) and Chapter 6.7 (commencing
with Sec. 25280) and Chapter 6.75 (commencing with Sec.
25299) of the Health and Safety Code which impose
additional requirements or are more restrictive.
15.04.265 Section 8001.1.1.1 added - General safety.
Section 8001.1.1.1 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
8001.1.1.1 General safety. The dispensing, mixing,
handling, use or storing of hazardous materials shall be
done in a manner so as not to increase the risk of an
unauthorized release. In the absence of direct regulation
990505 syn 0043704
19
by this code, other appropriate regulations, standards,
laws, ordinances, or other nationally recognized and
accepted methods of good practice may be applied to define
acceptable practices. In the event of conflicting
authorities, the most restrictive shall apply.
15.04.267 Section 8001.3.2 amended - Hazardous materials
management plan.
Section 8001.3.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.3.2 Hazardous materials management plan. When
required by the chief, each application for a permit shall
include a hazardous materials management plan (HMMP) o The
location of the HMMP shall be posted adjacent to permits
when an HMMP is provided. The HMMP shall include a facility
site plan designating the following:
I. Storage and use areas,
o Maximum amount of each material stored or used
in each area,
3.Range of container sizes,
Locations of emergency isolation and mitigation
valves and devices,
o Product conveying piping containing liquids or
gases, other than utility-owned fuel gas lines
and low-pressure fuel gas lines,
°On and off positions of valves for valves which
are of the self-indicating type, and
Storage plan showing the intended storage
arrangement, including the location and
dimensions of aisles.
The plans shall be legible and approximately to scale.
Separate distribution systems are allowed to be shown
on separate pages.
The applicant may use a copy of an up to date
Hazardous Materials Business Plan, which has been
approved under Health and Safety Code, Chapter 6.95,
Sections 25500 through 25545, and the regulations
adopted thereunder, to satisfy the requirements for an
HMMP.
990505 syn 0043704
2O
15.04.268 Section 8001.3.3 amended - Hazardous Materials
Inventory Statement.
Section 8001.3.3 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.3.3 Hazardous Materials Inventory Statement.
When required by the chief, owners or operators of
storage/use facilities shall submit a hazardous materials
inventory statement (HMISi. The HMIS shall include the
information required for a hazardous materials inventory
statement prepared under Health and Safety Code, Chapter
6.95, Sections 25500 through 25545, and Title 19, Division
2, Chapter 3. A hazardous materials/waste registration form
may be submitted for materials below the threshold limit of
Chapter 6.95, Sections 25500 through 25545, and Title 19,
Division 2, Chapter 3.
15.04.26~ Section 8001.4.1 amended - General.
Section 8001.4.1 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.4.1 General. Containers, cylinders and tanks
utilized for storage, dispensing, use or handling of
hazardous materials shall be in accordance with Section
8001.4.
Underground storage tanks for hazardous materials
shall be installed, maintained, operated and closed in
accordance with Section 8001.4 and Title 23, Division 3,
Chapter 16 of the California Code of Regulations. Where
provisions conflict, the more restrictive requirement shall
apply.
15.04.271 Section
construction.
8001.4.3.2 amended -Design and
Section 8001.4.3.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.4.3.2 Design and construction. Piping, tubing,
valves, fittings and related components used for hazardous
materials shal! be in accordance with. the following:
i. Piping, tubing, valves, fittings and related
components shall be designed and fabricated from materials
compatible with the materials to be contained and shall be
of adequate strength and durability to withstand pressure,
990505 syn 0043704
21
structural and seismic stress, and exposure to which they
are subject,
2. Piping and tubing shall be identified in accordance
with nationally recognized standards (see Article 90,
Standard a.2.1) to indicate the material conveyed,
3. Emergency shutoff valves shall be identified and
the location shall be clearly visible and indicated by
means of a sign,
4. Backflow-prevention. or check valves shall be
provided when the backflow of hazardous materials could
create a hazardous condition or cause the unauthorized
discharge of hazardous materials, and
5. Spill control shall be provided for liquid
hazardous materials. Spill control includes but is not
limited to double walled piping.
15.04.272 Section 8001.4.3.3 amended -Additional
requirements for supply piping for health hazard materials.
Section 8001.4.3.3 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.4.3.3 Additional requirements for supply piping
for health hazard materials. Supply piping and .tubing for
gases and liquids having a health hazard ranking of 3 or 4
in accordance with UFC Standard 79-3 shall also be in
accordance with the following:
i. Piping and.tubing utilized for the transmission of
highly toxic or toxic material shall have welded or brazed
connections throughout unless an exhausted enclosure is
provided if the material is a gas, or the piping is
provided with a receptor for containment if the material is
a liquid,
2. Piping and tubing shall not be located within
corridors, within any portion of a means of egress required
to be enclosed in fire-resistive construction or in
concealed spaces in areas not classified as Group H
Occupancies,
EXCEPTION: Piping and tubing within the space defined
by the walls of corridors and floor or roof above or
in concealed space above other occupancies when
installed in accordance with the Building Code as
990505 syn 0043704
22
required for Group H, Divisioh 6 Occupancies. See UBC
Section 307.11.6.2.
3. Where gases or liquids are carried in pressurized
piping above 15 psig (103.4 kPa), excess flow control shall
be provided. Where the piping originates from within a
hazardous material storage room or area, the excess flow
control shall be located within the storage room or area.
Where the piping originates from a bulk source, the excess
flow control shall be located as close to the bulk source
as practical, and
4. Readily accessible manual or automatic remotely
activated fail-safe emergency shutoff valves shall be
installed on supply piping and tubing at the following
locations:
4.1 The point of use, and
4.2 The tank, cylinder or bulk source.
15.04.273 Section 8001.4.7.2 amended -Abandonment and
status of tanks.
Section 8001.4.7.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.4.7.2 Abandonment and status of tanks. Any
stationary tank taken out of service Shall be properly
safeguarded or removed in accordance with Section 7902.1.7.
15.04.274 Section 8001.4.7.2.1 added - Disposal.
Section 8001.4.7.2.1 is added to read as follows:
8001.4.7.2.1 Disposal. Tanks shall be disposed of in
accordance with federal, state and local regulations.
Removed soils shall not be stockpiled on site for a period
exceeding 30 days unless approval from the Chief has been
obtained for a longer period of time.
15.04.275 Section 8001.5.2.2 amended - Notification.
Section 8001.5.2.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.5.2.2 Notification. The chief shall be notified
immediately when a release or unauthorized discharge
escapes secondary containment, or is contained but presents
990505 syn 0043704
23
a threat to health or property, or becomes reportable under
state, federal or local regulations.
15.04.277 Section 8001.7 amended - Identification signs.
Section 8001.7 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to read as
follows:
8001.7 Identification signs. Visible hazard
identification signs as specified in U.F.C. Standard 79-3
shall be placed at entrances to locations where hazardous
materials are stored, dispensed, used or handled in
quantities requiring a permit. Signs shall be provided at
specific entrances designated by the chief.
EXCEPTION: The chief may waive this requirement in
special cases when consistent with safety if the owner
or operator has submitted a hazardous materials
management plan and hazardous materials inventory
statement. See Sections 8001.3.2 and 8001.3.3.
Individual Containers, cartons, packages, piping, gas
cabinets, equipment, or rooms shall be conspicuously marked
or labeled in accordance with the departments labeling
guideline or in accordance with nationally recognized
standards. See also Section 8003.1.2.
Product conveying ducts for venting hazardous
materials operations shall be labeled with the hazard class
of the material being vented and the direction of flow.
15.04.279 Section
incompatible materials.
8001.11.8 amended -Separation of
Section 8001.11.8 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8001.11.8 Separation of incompatible materials.
Incompatible hazardous materials in storage and storage of
materials incompatible with materials in use shall be
separated. Separation by hazard class is appropriate unless
otherwise approved by the chief or in following nationally
recognized standards.
Separation shall be accomplished by:
I. Segregating incompatible hazardous materials by a
distance of not less than 20 feet (6096 mm) and an
independent containment system, or secondary containment,
990505 syn 0043704
24
2. Isolating incompatible hazardous materials by a
noncombustible partition extending not less than 18 inches
(457.2 mm) above and to the sides of the stored material,
3. Storing liquid and solid materials in hazardous
materials storage cabinets. (See Section 8003.1.10), or
4. Storing compressed gases in gas cabinets or
exhausted enclosures in accordance with Sections
8003.3.1.3.2 and 8003.3.1.3.3.
Materials which are incompatible shall not be within
the same cabinet or exhausted enclosure.
15.04.281 Section 8001.11.10 added - Monitoring.
Section 8001.11.10 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
8001.11.10 Monitoring. Monitoring of storage/use
systems of liquid and solid hazardous materials shall be
provided on a regular or continuous basis. The monitoring
system and its frequency shall be included in the Business
Plan if otherwise required or shall be in writing for
approval by the chief. Monitoring methods may include but
are not limited to the following:
I. Visual inspection, no less than monthly. (requires
trained personnel and documentation).
2. Continuous leak detection and alarm system.
3. Any system which will provide continuous, reliable
monitoring of the primary container(s) capable of alerting
occupants to an alarm or trouble condition; all systems are
subject to approval by the chief.
ments.
15.04.282 Section 8001.11.11 amended-Containment require-
Section 8001.11.11 is added to the Uniform Fire Code
to read as follows:
8001.11.11 Containment requirements. A containment
system shall be required for all hazardous materials which
are liquids or solids at normal temperature and pressure
(NTP). Construction shall be substantial, capable of safely
and securely containing a sudden release without discharge.
Design criteria shall be performance oriented and
constructed of compatible materials to resist degradation
990505 syn 0043704
25
and provide structural ’and functional integrity for a
period of time reasonably necessary to ensure detection,
mitigation, and repair of the primary system.
The Chief may require outside containment areas to be
covered with a roof or canopy for protection from the
environment.
15.04.283 Section 8001.12.1.1 added - Facility transport.
Section 8001.10.1.1 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
8001.12.1.1 Facility transport. When hazardous
materials are in transport in or about a facility, they
shall remain in the trave! path only for the time
reasonably necessary to effect the transfer.
15.04.284 Section 8001.12.1.2 added - Transport safety.
Section 8001.12.1.2 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read as
follows:
8001.12.1.2 Transport safety. Movement of hazardous
materials in or about a facility shall be done in a manner
which will not substantially increase the risk of
unauthorized release. Hazardous materials shall be
accompanied by a trained (pursuant to Seco 8001.1.9.1)
person when in transit to their use or storage point.
15.04.285 Section 8001.13
storage/use system closure.
amended -Facility and
Section 8001.13 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to read
as follows:
8001.13 Facility and storage/use system closure.
8001.13.1 Temporarily out-of-service facilities and
storage/use systems. Facilities which are temporarily out
of service shall continue to maintain a permit and be
monitored and inspected.
8001.13.2 Permanently out-of-service facilities and
storage/use systems. Facilities for which a permit is not
kept current or is not monitored and inspected on a regular
basis shall be deemed to be permanently out of service and
shall be closed in accordance with Section 8001.13.3.
990505 syn 0043704
26
8001.13.3 Plan. The permit holder or applicant shall
submit a plan to the fire department to terminate storage,
dispensing, handling or use of hazardous materials at least
30 days prior to facility or storage/use system closure.
The plan shall demonstrate that hazardous materials which
were stored, dispensed, handled or used in the facility
have been transported, disposed of or reused in a manner
that eliminates the need for further maintenance and any
threat to public health and safety. Such plan shall be
submitted in accordance with Section 8001.3.1.
15.04.286 Section 8001.14.3.3 amended - Height.
Section 8001.14.3.3 of the Uniform Fire Code is
amended to read as follows:
8001.14.3.3 Height. Display height shall not exceed
6 feet (1829 mm). Storage shall not exceed six (6) feet in
areas open to the public unless such storage is seismically
secure to prevent any unsafe movement in the event of a
major earthquake.
15.04.288 Section 8001.16.1.1 added -Limit controls,
temperature.
Section 8001.16.1.1 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to
read as follows:
8001.16.1.1 Temperature. Process tanks and equipment
which involve temperature control of the material shall be
provided with limit controls to maintain the temperature
within a safe range. Redundant temperature contro!
equipment which will operate upon failure of the primary
temperature control shall be provided if the system is
within combustible construction or if the ventilation
system is of combustible construction. Manually activated
reset may be required.
15.04.294 Section 8003.1.3.2 amended - Spill control for
hazardous materials liquids.
Section 8003.1.3.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8003.1.3.2 Spill control for hazardous materials
liquids. Rooms, buildings or areas used for the storage of
hazardous materials liquids shall be provided with spill
control to prevent the flow of liquids to adjoining areas.
Floors in indoor locations and similar surfaces in outdoor
990505 syn 0043704
27
locations shall be constructed to contain a spill from the
largest single vessel by one of the following methods:
I. Liquid-tight sloped or recessed floors in indoor
locations or similar areas in outdoor locations,
2. Liquid-tight floors in indoor locations or similar
areas in outdoor locations provided with liquid-tight
raised or recessed sills oF dikes, or
3. Sumps and collection systems.
Except for surfacing, the floors, sills, dikes, sumps
and collection systems shall be constructed of
noncombustible material~ and the liquid-tight seal shall be
compatible with the material stored. When liquid-tight
sills or dikes are provided, they are not required at
perimete~ openings which are provided with an open-grate
trench across the opening that connects to an approved
collection system.
15.04.296 Section 8003.1.3.3 amended -Secondary
contairunent for hazardous materials liquids and solids.
Section 8003.1.3.3 of the Uniform Fire Code~is amended to
read as follows:
8003.1.3.3 Secondary containment for hazardous
materials liquids and solids. Buildings, rooms or areas
used for the storage of hazardous materials liquids or
solids shall be provided with secondary containment in
accordance with this section.
The building, room or area shall contain or drain the
hazardous materials and fire-protection water through the
use of one of the following methods:
i. Liquid-tight sloped or recessed floors in indoor
locations or similar areas in outdoor locations,
2. Liquid-tight floors in indoor locations or similar
areas in outdoor locations provided with liquid-tight
raised or recessed sills or dikes,
3. Sumps and collection systems, or
4. Drainage systems leading to an approved location.
Incompatible materials shall be separated from each
other in the secondary containment system.
990505 syn 0043704
28
Secondary containment for indoor storage areas shall
be designed to contain a spill from the largest vessel plus
the design flow volume of fire-protection water calculated
to discharge from the fire-extinguishing system over the
minimum required system design area or area of the room or
area in which the storage is located, whichever is smaller,
for a period of 20 minutes.
Secondary containment for outdoor storage areas shall
be designed to contain a spill from the largest individual
vessel. If the area is open to rainfall, secondary
containment shall be designed to include the volume of a
24-hour rainfall as determined by a 25-year storm and
provisions shall be made to drain accumulations of
groundwater and rainwater.
A monitoring method shall be provided to detect
hazardous materials in the secondary containment system.
The~monitoring method is allowed to be visual inspection of
the primary or secondary containment, or other approved
means. Where secondary containment is subject to the
intrusion of water, a monitoring method for detecting water
shall be provided. When. monitoring devices are provided,
they shall be connected to distinct visual or audible
alarms.
Drainage systems shall be in accordance with the
Plumbing Code and the following:
i. The slope of floors in indoor locations or
similar areas in outdoor locations to drains shall not be
less than 1 percent,
2. Drains from indoor storage areas shall be sized
to carry the volume of the fire-protection water as
determined by the design density discharged from the’
automatic fire-extinguishing system over the minimum
required system design area or area of the room or area in
which the storage is located, whichever is smaller,
3. Drains from outdoor storage areas shall be sized
to carry the volume of the fire flow and the volume of a
24-hour rainfall as determined by a 25-year storm,
4. Materials of construction for drainage systems
shall be compatible with the materials stored,
5. Incompatible materials shall be separated from
each other in the drainage system, and
990505 syn 0043704
29
6. Drains shall terminate in an approved location
away from buildings, valves, means of egress, fire access
roadways, adjoining property and storm drains.
15.04.298 Table 8003.1-A deleted -REQUIRED SECONDARY
CONTAINMENT - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS STORAGE.
Table 8003.1-A of the Uniform Fire Code is deleted.
15.04.320 Section 8004.2.2.5 amended - Spill control and
secondary containment for hazardous materials liquids.
Section 8004.2.2.5 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
re~d as follows:
8004.2.2.5 Spill control and secondary containment for
hazardous materials liquids.
8004.2.2.5.1 Spill control for hazardous materials
liquids. Buildings, rooms or areas where hazardous
materials liquids are dispensed into vessels or used in
open systems shall be provided with spill control in
accordance with Section 8003.1.3.2.
8004.2.2.5.2 Secondary contairument for hazardous
materials liquids. Buildings, rooms or areas where
hazardous materials liquids are dispensed or used in open
systems shall be provided with secondary containment in
accordance with Section 8003.1.3.3.
15..04.322 Section 8004.2.3.6 amended - Spill control and
secondary containment for hazardous materials liquids.
Section 8004.2.3.6 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8004.2.3.6 Spill control and secondary containment for
hazardous materials liquids.
8004.2.3.6.1 Spill control for hazardous materials
liquids. Buildings, rooms or areas where hazardous
materials liquids are used shall be provided with spill
control in accordance with Section 8003.1.3.2.
8004.2.3.6.2 Secondary contairnnent for hazardous
materials liquids. Buildings, rooms or areas where
hazardous materials liquids are used in vessels or systems
shall be provided with secondary containment in accordance
with Section 8003.1.3.3.
990505 syn 0043704
3O
15.04.326 Section 8004.3.4 amended - Spill control and
secondary containment for hazardous materials liquids.
Section 8004.3.4 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to
read as follows:
8004.3.4 Spill control and secondary containment for
hazardous materials liquids.
8004.3.4.1 Open systems.
8004.3.4.1.1 Spill control for hazardous materials
liquids. Outdoor areas where hazardous materials liquids
are used in open systems shall be provided with spill
control in accordance with Section 8003.1.3.2.
8004.3.4.1.2 Secondary containment for hazardous
materials liquids. Outdoor areas where hazardous materials
liquids are dispensed or used in open systems shall be
provided with secondary containment in accordance with
Section 8003.1.3.3.
8004.3.4.2 Closed systems.
8004.3.4.2.1 Spill control for hazardous materials
liquids. Outdoor areas where hazardous materials liquids
are used in closed systems shall be provided with spill
control in accordance with Section 8003.1.3.2.
8004.3.4.2.2 Secondary containment for hazardous
materials liquids. Outdoor areas where hazardous materials
liquids are dispensed or used in closed systems shall be
provided with secondary contafnment in accordance with
S~ction ,8003.1.3.3.
15.04.340 Table 8004.2~A deleted -REQUIRED SECONDARY
CONTAINMENT - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS USE.
Table 8004.2-A of the Uniform Fire Code is deleted.
15.04.342 Section 8204.2 ~mended - Maximum capacity within
established limits.
Section 8204.2 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended to read:
8204.2 Storage and use of liquefied petroleum gas
(LPG) is prohibited within the City limits of Palo Alto
where natural gas mains exist.
990505 syn 0043704
31
EXCEPTION: The Fire Chief may permit the use of LPG
for the following purposes and in the following manner:
(i) A single tank of no more than 500-gallon (1892 L)
water capacity in connection with portable equipment or
devices which are approved for use with LPG.
(2) As an emergency standby fuel supply for critical
industrial, medical or research equipment.
(3) A single tank of no more than 2000-gallon (7570 L)
water capacity used in vehicle servicing operations
installed in accordance with applicable safety standards.
The storage of LPG shall conform to the provisions of
applicable state and local Codes and ordinances.
15.04.343 Article 91 added - Regulation of facilities where
materials which are or may become toxic gases are found.
Article 91 is added to the Uniform Fire Code to read as
follows:
ARTICLE 91 -REGULATION OF FACILITIES
WHICH ARE OR MAY BECOME TOXIC GASES
SECTION 9101 -GENERAL
9101.1 Scope
(a) This article applies to all new and existing
facilities where regulated materials subject to this
article are present.
(b) It is intended that this article supplement, and
be used in conjunction with, other sections of this chapter
and with the Building Code.
(c) In the event of conflicting or overlapping
regulatory provisions within Title 15, "Fire Prevention,"
of the Palo Alto Municipal Code, Title 16, "Building
Regulations," of the Palo Alto Municipal Code and this
article, the more stringent requirement shall p[evail.
(d) In the event of conflicting or overlapping
regulatory provisions with a federal law or state law or
regulation, unless the application of this article is
expressly preempted by an Act of Congress or enactment of
the state legislature, the more stringent requirement shall
be deemed to apply.
990505 syn 0043704
32
(e) This article shall not apply to the registration
and application of pesticides since this is preempted by an
Act of Congress. Handling and storage of pesticide
cylinders, however, shall comply with all requirements of
this article.
9101.2 Definitions.
9101.2.1 General. Unless the context otherwise
requires, the words and phrases in this article shall have
the meanings set forth in this section and shall govern the
construction of this article. For words and phrases not
defined in this chapter, the definitions set forth of
Titles 15 and 16 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code shall
control.
9101.2.2 Limited application. For the purpose of this
article, certain terms and words are defined as follows:
CLASS I MATERIAL is a material that has a median
lethal concentration (LCs0) in air of 200 parts per million
or less by volume of gas or vapor, or 2 milligrams per
liter or less of mist, fume or dust, when administered by
continuous inhalation for an hour, or less if death occurs
within one hour, to albino rats weighing between 200 and
300 grams each.
CLASS II MATERIAL is a material that has a median
lethal concentration (LCs0) in air more than 200 parts per
million but not more than 3<000 parts per million by volume
of gas or vapor, or more than 2 milligrams per liter but
not more than 30 milligrams per liter of mist, fume or
dust, when administered by continuous inhalation for an
hour, or. less if death occurs within one hour, to albino
rats weighing between 200 and 300 grams each.
CLASS III MATERIAL is a material that has a median
lethal concentration (LCs0) in air more than 3,000 parts per
million but not more than 5,000 parts per million by volume
of gas or vapor, or more than 30 milligrams per liter but
not more than 50 milligrams per liter of mist, fume or
dust, when administered by continuous inhalation for an
hour, or less if death occurs within one hour, to albino
rats weighing between 200 and 300 grams each.
CONTROLS are a means to regulate materials so as to
prevent unauthorized discharges.
CONTROL AREA means a space within a building where
regulated materials may be stored, handled, dispensed or
990505 syn 0043704
33
used. A control area is an area formed by one or more of
the following:
i. An occupancy separation with a minimum one-hour
fire resistive rating, or
2. The exterior wall, roof or foundation of the
building° A maximum of four c6ntrol areas shall be
permitted within a building except buildings or portions of
buildings used for retail sales, which shall have a maximum
of two control areas.
EXCESS FLOW CONTROL means a fail-safe system designed
to shut off flow due to rupture in pressurized piping
systems.
EXTERIOR STORAGE means a storage area enclosed by no
more than two (2) contiguous walls.
FACILITY means any building, structure, installation,
equipment, pipe, container, site, area, appurtenant
structure, or surrounding land area where regulated
materials are stored, used, dispensed, handled, placed or
otherwise have come to be located.
FIRE CODE means Title 15, "Fire Prevention," of the
Palo Alto Municipal Code.
IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) means
a concentration of airborne contaminants, normally
expressed in ~parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per
cubic meter, which represents the maximum level from which
one could escape within thirty (30) minutes without any
escape-impairing systems or irreversible health effects.
This level is established by the National Institute of
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). If adequate data do
not exist for precise establishment of IDLH data, an
independent certified industrial hygienist, industrial
toxicologist or appropriate regulatory agency shall make
such determination.
INERT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS means materials which
under reasonably foreseeable conditions will not degrade or
react upon contact with the regulated materials to be
contained.
LETHAL CONCENTRATION (LCs0) means the median lethal
concentration level, at which 50 percent of appropriate
test animals die when exposed by inhalation for a
scientifically appropriate specified time period. For the
990505 s>’n 0043704
purposes of this article, LCs0 values for a particular
regulated material shall be those eshablished by the
Department of Transportation (D.O.T.) . If D.O.T. has not
established an LCs0 value for a particular regulated
material, the LC~0 value established by the Compressed Gas
Association (CGA) shall be used. If neither D.O.T nor CGA
has established an LCs0 value for a particular regulated
materia!, the Fire Chief or his designee may use LCs0 values
from other available scientific sources.
LETHAL CONCENTRATION LOW (LCLo) means the lowest
concentration of a chemical at which some test animals died
following inhalation exposure.
LETHAL DOSE MEDIAN (LDs0) means the dose at which 50
percent of test animals die following exposure. The lethal
dose is given in milligrams per kilogram of body weight of
the test animals.
LETHAL DOSE LOW
chemical at which
exposure.
(LDLo) means the lowest dose of a
some test animals died following
MAXIMUM THRESHOLD QUANTITY (Max. T.Q.) means the
maximum quantity of a Class II or Class III regulated
material which may be stored in a single vessel before a
stricter category of regulation is required by this
article. Max. T.Q. is determined by the following equation:
Max. T.Q. (ibs.) = LCs0 (ppm) X 2
For the purpose of calculating the Max. T.Q., storage
tank, cylinder and piping systems which can be isolated in
a manner.approved by the Fire Chief or his designee may be
designated as a separate storage vessel.
MINIMUM THRESHHOLD QUANTITY (Min. T.Q.) means the
aggregate quantity of a single regulated material in a
contro! area which, due to the minimal aggregate quantities
present, need only comply with specific control
requirements established in sections 9102 and 9108 of this
article, and not with the specific requirements for Class
I, II, or III regulated materials. Min. T.Q. for mixtures
shall be based on the aggregate weight (in pounds) of the
regulated components.
For all regulated materials: Min. T.Q. = 2 Ibs. or
less.
Minimum threshold quantity controls are set forth in
section 9108 of this article.
990505 syn 0043704
35
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL) means the maximum
permitted eight-hour time-weighted average concentration of
an airborne contaminant. The maximum permitted
time-weighted average exposures are set forth in 29 CFR
1910.1000, as it may be amended from time to time.
PERSON means an individual, trust, firm, joint stock
company, corporation, partnership, association or other
business entity, city, county, district, the state, any
department or agency thereof, or the United States, to the
extent authorized by law.
PORTABLE T .ANK means any packaging over sixty (60) U.S.
gallons capacity and designed primarily to be loaded into
or on or temporarily attached to a transport vehicle or
ship, and equipped with skids, mounting or accessories to
facilitate handling of the tank by mechanical means. It
does not include any cylinder having more than one thousand
(I,000) pounds water capacity, cargo tank, tank car tank or
trailers carrying cylinders of over one thousand (I,000)
pounds water capacity.
REGULATED MATERIALS means all materials, regardless of
form (i.e., liquid, solid or gas) which meet the criteria
established by subsection 91o201(b), below.
RESPONSIBLE PERSONS (OR PERSONS RESPONSIBLE) means
permittees under this article, owners, managers and persons
responsible for the day-to-day operation of any facility
subject to this article.
STATIONARY TANK means any packaging designed primarily
for stationary installations not intended for loading,
unloading, transport or attachment to a transport vehicle
as part of its normal operation in the process of use. It
does not include cylinders having less than one thousand
(i,000) pounds water capacity.
UNAUTHORIZED DISCHARGE means releasing, spilling,
leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, injecting,
escaping, leaching, dumping or disposing a regulated
material into the environment, including any sewer, storm
drain, ditch, drainage canal, lake, river or tidal
waterway, surface water, ground water, land surface,
sidewalk, street or highway, subsurface strata, or ambient
air, except:
(i) A "Federally Permitted Release," as that term is
defined in Section I01 of the Comprehensive Environmental
990505 syn 0043704
36
Response, Compensation and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. Section
9602(10), or pursuant to a permit of the Bay Area Air
Quality Management District, or waste discharge
requirements of the San Francisco Bay Regional Water
Quality Control Board or local wastewater pretreatment
requirements for publicly owned treatment works; or
(ii) The normal application of materials used in weed
abatement, erosion control, soil amendment or similar
application when used in accordance with manufacturers’
instructions or nationally recognized standards.
SECTION 9102 -GENERAL PROVISIONS
910~.i General. This article governs the storage,
dispensing, use and handling of regulated materials. To the
extent that the application of this article to the
registration and use of pesticides is preempted by an
express provision of an Act of Congress or a statute
adopted by the state legislature, this article does not
apply.
The provisions of Division II apply to all regulated
materials, including Class I, Class II, Class III and
minimum threshold quantities of regulated materials.
9102.2 Regulated Materials. "Regulated Materials,"
including but not limited to, gases, are those materials
which meet the following criteria:
I. The material fall under the definition of Class I.
Class II or Class III materials as defined in this article;
and
2. The material
criteria:
meets either of the following
(i) It is shipped in compressed gas cylinders, and the
material is or becomes or acts as a gas upon release at
normal temperature and pressure, °F and 760 mm Hg) or;
(ii) The material is used or handled as a gas, whether
or not the material meets the definition of a compressed
gas in Article 2 of this Code or 49CFR Sec. 173.300(a)
Materials which meet the foregoing criteria are
subject to the provisions of this article unless exempted
by the Fire Chief or his designee based upon scientific
evidence provided by a toxicologist or other professional
acceptable to the City.
990505 syn 0043704
37
9102o3 General Obligation. No person shall cause,
suffer or permit the storage, handling, use, or dispensing
of materials regulated by this article:
I. In a manner which is contrary to a provision of
this article or any other federal, state or local statute,
code, ordinance, rule, regulation or standard of
performance relating to materials subject to this articie;
or
2. In a manner which causes an unauthorized discharge
or which poses a significant risk of such unauthorized
discharge.
A person responsible for a facility shall, as soon as
he or she has knowledge of an unauthorized discharge from
or at such facility, immediately notify the Fire Chief of
such discharge.
9102.4 Permits. No person shall store, dispense, use
or handle any regulated material in excess of an exempt
amount at a facility unless a compliance plan has been
submitted to the Fire Chief and a permit for the facility
has been issued pursuant to this article. The specific
requirements for obtaining a permit shall be established by
the Fire Chief in accordance with the provisions of Article
1 of the Fire Code. The Fire Chief may charge a fee or fees
in connection with the filing of a compliance plan and the
issuance of a Permit, in accordance with the Municipal Fee
Schedule.
9102.5 Closure. It shall be unlawful for any person to
abandon, remove, or close a facility or other area
regulated by this article until a closure plan has been
submitted to and approved by the Fire Chief. The Fire Chief
may charge a fee or fees for reviewing and processing a
closure plan in accordance with the Municipa! Fee Schedule.
9102.5.1 Closure Plan. A closure plan shall be
submitted by a responsible person to the Fire Chief at
least 30 days prior to facility closure. The closure plan
shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Fire Chief
that regulated materials which are or have been stored,
dispensed, handled or used in the facility will be
transported, disposed of or reused in a manner consistent
with public health and safety. The Fire Chief may waive all
or part of the 30 day period upon a finding of good cause.
990505 syn 0043704
38
9102.6 Seismic Protection. Persons responsible for a
facility with one or more stationary tanks and piping
systems used for regulated materials shall cause such tanks
and piping systems to be seismically braced in accordance
With the provisions of Title 16.
9102.7 Security. Responsible persons shall cause
facilities where materials subject to this article are
stored, handled, dispensed .or used to be secured against
unauthorized entry.
9102.8 Breathing Apparatus. In order to provide for
immediate initial on-scene response in the event of an
unauthorized discharge and to provide on-scene assistance
to fire fighters and .other emergency response personnel,
persons responsible for any facility where Class I or
corrosive regulated materials are present shall provide a
minimum of two self-contained breathing apparatus. When
self-contained breathing apparatus would be inadequate
protection due to the nature of the gases-present, other
appropriate protective equipment shall be provided.
The breathing apparatus or other protective equipment
shall be suitable for use with the material present and
shall be in a conspicuously marked place immediately near
the area where the materials are present in a location that
provides safety for those expected to don the apparatus.
A "location that provides safety" is one which is not
likely to be immediately affected by the release of a
regulated material.
9102.9 Incompatible Materials. Responsible persons
shall cause incompatible classes of regulated materials to
be separated, and shall cause regulated materials to be
separated from other incompatible hazardous materials as
listed in Table 5108 of the Fire Code. Separation shall be
maintained by means of one-hour fire resistive
construction, or by the use of separate gas cabinets.
Construction materials shall be compatible with the
toxic gases they serve. Compatibility of construction
materials shall be based on nationally recognized standards
such as the National Association of Corrosion Engineers
(NACE) .
9102.10 Leak Testing. Responsible persons shall cause
containers of regulated materials to be tested for leaks
immediately upon delivery, and again immediately prior to
departure of such containers from facilities. Testing shall
be approved by the Fire Chief in accordance with
990505 syn 0043704
39
appropriate nationally recognized industry standards and
practices, if any. Appropriate remedial actions shall be
immediately undertaken when leaks are detected.
9102.11 Protective Plugs/Caps. Responsible persons
shall cause the protective plu~s and caps of regulated
materials to be in place at all times unless and until the
materials are properly placed into use.
9102.12 Emergency Response Plans. If the preparation
of an emergency response plan for the facility is not
required by any other law, responsible persons shall
prepare, or cause to be prepared, and filed with the Fire
Chief, a written emergency response plan.
If the preparation of an emergency response plan is
required by any other law, a responsible person shall file
a copy of the plan with the Fire Chief.
9102.13 Emergency Response Team. If not required to do
so by another law, a person responsible for a facility
subject to this article shall designate, or cause to be
designated, an on-site emergency response team which shall
be composed of an adequate number of trained, responsible
persons, and which shall serve as liaison to the fire
department.
Emergency response team members shall ascertain all
on-site locations where regulated materials are stored,
handled and used, shall become familiar with the emergency
response plan, and the chemical nature of such regulated
material, shal! act as facility liaison to the Fire
Department and shall be prepared to respond in an
emergency.
9102.14 Emergency Drills. Responsible persons shall
cause emergency drills of each on-site emergency response
team to be conducted not less frequently than once every
three months.
Records of drills conducted shall be maintained at the
facility for three years and shall be made available for
inspection upon request by the Fire Chief.
9102.15 Annual Maintenance. Responsible persons shall
cause all safety control systems at a facility to be tested
not less frequently than annually and maintained in good
working condition.
990505 syn 0043704
Maintenance and testing shall be performed by persons
qualified to perform the maintenance and tests.
Maintenance records and certifications shall be
available to the Fire Chief upon inspection or request.
9102.16 Flow Limiting Orifices and Devices for Class
I materials. All containers of materials other than
lecture bottles classified as Class I regulated materials
and having a vapor pressure exceeding 29 psia, shall be
equipped with a flow-restricting orifice, when commercially
available. If a flow-restricting orifice is not available,
the container shall be used with a flow-limiting device.
All flow- limiting devices shall be part of the valve
assembly and visible to the eye when possible; otherwise,
they shall be installed as close as possible to the
cylinder source.
9102.17 Fire Extinguishing Systems. Except as
hereinafter provided, responsible persons shall cause all
interior and exterior use areas and interior storage areas
and storage buildings to be protected by automatic
sprinkler systems.
9102.17.1 Design. The design of the sprinkler systems
shall be not less than that required under the most current
edition of NFPA 13 for Ordinary Hazard Group 2 with a
minimum design area of 3,000 square feet. Where the
materials or storage arrangement-require a higher level of
sprinkler system protection in accordance with nationally
recognized standards, the higher level of sprinkler.system
protection shall be provided.
If [he chemical properties of the regulated materials
are such that the materials will be incompatible with the
use of a sprinkler system, the Fire Chief may require
alternative forms of fire protection.
SECTION 9103 -CLASSIFICATION OF M2~TERIALS
9103.1 General. Regulated materials shall be
classified as Class I, Class II, Class III or Min. T.Q.
materials as defined in section 9101.
9103.2 ExemPt ~mounts. Except as provided in section
9103.2.1 below, any single material which would otherwise
be regulated is exempt from regulation under this article
if:
990505 syn 0043704
i. The aggregate quantity of any single material in a
control area does not exceed the Min. T.Q.; and
2. The aggregate quantity of all regulated materials
in a control area or exterior storage does not exceed the
exempt amounts specified in Article 80 of the currently
adopted edition of the California Fire Code; and
(a) The quantity of the material in a single vessel
does not exceed 1 pound; or
(b) The concentration of material in the vessel is
less than the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for each
constituent.
9103.2.1 Requirements for Class I materials of any
amount. Notwithstanding the exemption in subsection (I),
above, no Class I material, regardless of the amount
thereof, is exempt from the provisions relating to "flow
limiting devices," set forth in section 9102.16 nor from
the provisions relating to ~fire extinguishing systems,"
set forth in section 9102.17.
9103.3 Calculations for Determining the Class of
Mixtures.
9103.3.1 Mixtures containing a single regulated
material. The LCs0 value for mixtures containing regulated
materials shall be calculated using the following formula:
LCs0 of Gas Mixture (ppm) =1
(molar fraction of toxic com~-~-~-n-~’/(ppm
LC~0 of toxic component) ,
9103.3.1 Mixtures containing more than one regulated
material. If more than one toxic component is present, the
LCs0 value shall be calculated using the following formula:
1
LC~0 of Gas Mixture (ppm) =
n
~[ (fi) / (LCs0i) ]
i =I
where f± is the mole fraction of the ith toxic component o~ the gas
mixture and LCs0~ is the LC~0 of the ith toxic component of the gas
mixture.
SECTION 9104 -SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
9104.1 General. The specific provisions required by
this article shall be in addition to those requirements
specified in other articles of the Fire Code. The
990505 syn 0043704
42
requirements for the use or indoor storage of regulated
materials shall be cumulative as the hazard class of
regulated material increases, in accordance with the
following table:
HAZARD CLASSIFICATIONS AND CONTROLS
HAZARD
CLASSIFICATION
HAZARD CONTROLS
Class I Includes Class I (section 9105),
Class II (section 9106), Class III
(section 9107), Minimum Threshold
Quantity (section 9108) and Exempt
Amount Controls and the General
Provisions in section 9102
Class II
Class III
Includes Class II (section 9106),
Class III (section 9107), Minimum
Threshold Quantity (section 9108) and’
Exempt Amount Controls and the
General Provisions in section 9102.
Includes Class III (section 9107),
Minimum Threshold Quantity (section
9108) and Exempt Amount Controls and
the General Provisions in section
9102
Minimum
Threshold
Includes Minimum Threshold Quantity
(section 9108) and Exempt Amount
Controls and the General Provisions
in section 9102
Exempt Amounts Other Applicable Statutes, Codes,
Ordinances, see also section 9103
Exterior storage of regulated materials is covered by
section 9109.
9104.2 Nationally recognized standards. All control
equipment for materials regulated by this article shall
meet appropriate nationally recognized standards, if any,
approved by the Fire Chief or his designee.
9104.3 Gases which hydrolyze or decompose.
Halogenated, non-carbon based gases may hydrolyze to their
base mineral acid upon contact with moisture. Therefore,
the monitoring and compatibility requirements of this
article shall apply to their decomposition products.
SECTION 9105 -CLASS I CONTROLS
9105.1 Requirements applicable to Class I materials.
Persons responsible for any facility where Class I
materials are present shall comply with all of the
requirements of this section and with sections 9102, 9106,
9107, and 9108 of this article.
990505 syn 0043704
43
9105.2 Piping. Piping for Class I materials shall be
designed and fabricated from materials compatible with the
material to be contained. Piping shall be of strength and
durability sufficient to withstand the pressure,
structura!, and seismic stress and exposure to which it may
be subjected, as required by Title 16, "Building
Regulations," of the Palo Alto Municipal Code.
9105o2.1 Secondary containment. Secondary containment
shall be provided for piping for Class I materials. The
secondary containment shall be capable of directing a
sudden release into an approved discharge treatment system,
and shall be monitored continually with a continuous gas
monitoring system approved by the Fire Chief. Secondary
containment includes, but is not limited to, double walled
piping.
EXCEPTION: The chief may waive the requirement for
secondary containment for piping under sub-atmospheric
conditions if the piping is equipped with an alarm and
cylinder fail-safe-to-close valve activated by a loss of
vacuum.
9105.3 Automatic Shut-off. An automatic shutoff valve
which is of a "fail-safe to close" design shall be
provided. Each of the following shall activate automatic
shut-off:
i. Gas detection at PEL in occupiable areas; at 1/2
IDLH (or 0.05 LCs0 if no established IDLH) in unoccupiable
areas.
2. Manual activation of emergency shutoff, from remote
locations.
3. Failure of emergency power.
4. Seismic activity, upon a seismic event within 5
seconds of horizontal semisoidal oscillation having a peak
acceleration of .3g (= 2.94m/sac2) and a period of .4
seconds.
5. Failure of primary containment.
6. Activation of manual fire alarm.
9105.4 Emergency Control Station, Signals from
emergency equipment shall be transmitted to an emergency
control station which is continually staffed by trained
personnel.
SECTION 9106 -CLASS II CONTROLS°
9106.1 Requirements applicable to Class II materials.
Persons responsible for any facility where Class II
990505 syn 0043704
44
materials are present shall comply with all of the
requirements of this section and with sections 9102, 9107,
and 9108 of this article.
9106.2 Piping. Piping and tubing shall be installed
in accordance with appropriate nationally recognized
standards, if any, approved by the Fire Chief, and shall
have welded connections compatible with the regulated
material throughout unless an exhausted enclosure is
provided.
9106.2.1 Nonferrous piping. Material which is not
compatible with ferrous piping may be installed in
nonferrous piping approved by the Fire Chief.
9106.2.2 Non-welded connections. Where connections
other than welded connections meet appropriate nationally
recognized industry standards, if any, a person responsible
for a facility may seek an exception from the Fire Chief,
by filing a request for exception with the Fire Chief,
which shall document the standards and reason for the
exception.
9106.3 Local Gas Shut-off. Manual activation controls
shall be provided at locations near the point of use and
near the source, as approved by the Fire Chief. Manually
activated shut-off valves shall be of "fail safe to close"
design.
The Fire Chief may require additional controls at
other places, including, but not limited to, the entry to
the building, the area in the building where regulated
materials are stored or used, and emergency control
stations.
9106.4 Emergency Power~ Emergency power shall be
provided’for:
Exhaust ventilation, including the power supply
for treatment systems.
2. Gas-detection systems.
3.Emergency alarm systems.
o Temperature-control systems which comply with
the Fire Code.
9106.5 Excess Flow Control. Portable tanks and
cylinders shall be provided with excess flow contro!.
Excess flow control shall be permanently marked to
indicate the maximum design flow rate.
990505 syn 0043704
45
9106.6 Gas Detection. A continuous gas-detection
system shall be provided to detect the presence of gas at
or below the permissible exposure limit in occupiable areas
and at or below 1/2 IDLH (or 0.05 LCs0 if no established
IDLH) in unoccupiable areas. The detection system shall
initiate a local alarm and transmit a signal to a
continually staffed remote location to provide an immediate
response to an alarm. The alarm shall be both visual and
audible and shall be designed to provide warning both
inside and outside of the storage, use or handling area.
The audible alarm shall be distinct from all other on-site
alarms.
9106.7 Seismic Shutoff Valves. A seismically activated
valve meeting standards approved by the Fire Chief shall be
provided for automatic shut off of regulated materials upon
a seismic event within 5 seconds of horizontal semisoidal
oscillation having a peak acceleration of .3g (=
2.94m/sec~) and a period of .4 seconds.
9106.8 Class II Corrosives. Inert construction
materials shall be used for the primary containment of
Class II regulated materials which are corrosives.
Alternatively, secondary containment shall be provided for
Class II materials which are corrosives.
9106.9 Emergency Alarms. When materials regulated by
this article are transported through exit corridors or exit
enclosures, there shall be an emergency telephone system or
a local manual alarm station or a signaling device approved
by the Fire Chief at not more than 150-foot intervals and
at each exit doorway throughout the transport route. The
signal shall be relayed to an approved central, proprietary
or remote station service or a constantly attended on-site
location and shall also initiate a local audible alarm.
SECTION 9107 -CLASS III CONTROLS
9107.1 Requirements applicable to Class III materials.
Persons responsible for any facility where ClassIII’
materials are present shall comply with all ofthe
requirements of this section and with sections 9102,and
9108 of this article.
9107o2 Piping, valves and fittings. Piping, valves,
fittings and related components shall be designed and
fabricated from materials compatible with the material to
be contained. They shall have strength and durability
sufficient to withstand the pressure, structural and
seismic, and any other stress and exposure to which they
may be subjected.
9107.2.1 Expansion chambers. Expansion chambers shall
be provided between valves whenever the regulated gas may
be subjected to thermal expansion. Chambers shall be sized
990505 syn 0043704
46
to provide protection for piping,
instrumentation and to accommodate the
regulated materials.
valves and
expansion of
9107.3 Signage. Stationary above-ground tanks shall
be placarded with hazard identification signs as specified
in Fire Code Standard No. 79-3, for the specific material
contained.
Signs prohibiting smoking shall be posted in indoor
storage, use and handling areas and within 25 feet of
outdoor storage, use and handling areas.
Signs shall not be obscured or removed.
Signs shall be in English and such other languages may
be appropriate, as determined by the Fire Chief.
Signs shall be durable.
The size, color and lettering shall be in conformance
with nationally recognized standards determined by the Fire
Chief to be applicable to the regulated material.
9107.4 Inert Gas Purge System. Gas systems for
regulated materials shall be provided with individually
dedicated inert gas purge systems (e.g., nitrogen, helium,
argon and neon).
SECTION 9108 -MINIMUM THRESHOLD QUANTITY CONTROLS
9108.1 Requirements applicable to Minimum Threshold
Quantity materials. Persons responsible for any facility
where Class II materials are present shall comply with all
of the requirements of this section and with sections
9102, 9107, and 9108 of this article.
Responsible persons shall cause materials which do not
exceed the Minimum Threshold Quantity to be provided with
the controls specified in this section (e) and in section
9102 of this article.
9108.2 Exhaust Ventilation. Storage of cylinders shall
be within ventilated gas cabinets, exhausted enclosures or
within a ventilated separate gas storage room as defined in
the Fire Code.
Storage of portable and stationary tanks shall be
within a separate ventilated room without other occupancy
or use.
If gas cabinets are provided, the room or area in
which they are located shall have independent exhaust
ventilation.
990505 syn 0043704
47
Exhaust systems for gas cabinets, exhausted enclosures
and separate gas storage rooms shall be designed to handle
the accidental release of gas. Such exhaust systems shall
be capable of diluting, adsorbing, absorbing, neutralizing,
burning or otherwise processing the entire contents of the
single tank or cylinder of gas which presents the highest
potential hazard.
Systems utilized for such processing shall be designed
as a treatment system, as described in section 9108.4. If
a total containment system is utilized, the system shall be
designed to handle the maximum anticipated pressure of
release to the system when the system reaches equilibrium.
9108.3 Gas Cabinets. When gas cabinets are provided
they shall be:
I. Operated at negative pressure in relation to the
surrounding area.
2. Provided with self-closing limited access ports or
fire-rated windows to give access to equipment controls.
The average velocity of ventilation at the face of access
ports or windows shall be not less than 200 feet per minute
(fpm) with a minimum of 150 fpm at any other point of the
access port or window.
3. Connected to a treatment system.
4. Provided with self-closing doors.
5. Constructed of steel with a thickness not less than
12-gauge.
9108.4 Treatment systems. Treatment systems shall be
utilized, to process al! exhaust ventilation to be
discharged from gas cabinets, exhausted enclosures or
separate storage rooms. Treatment systems shall be designed
to reduce the maximum allowable discharge concentration of
the gas to one-half IDLH at the point of discharge to the
atmosphere as specified in subsections 9108.5 and 9108.6
below.
When more than one gas may be emitted to the treatment
system, the treatment system shall be designed to handle
the worst case release based on the release rate, the
quantity and the IDLH for all the gases stored or used.
. In the event that a revised IDLH is published, the
~.City shall establish a new timetable for existing
facilities to upgrade their treatment systems to meet the
revised IDLH value.
9108o5 Treatment system sizing. Treatment systems
.shall be sized to process the worst case release of each
990505 syn 0043704
gas based on the maximum flow rate of release from the
cylinder or tank utilized which presents the highest
potentia! hazard. The entire contents of tanks and
cylinders shall be considered.
9108.6 Stationary tanks. Stationary tanks shall be
labeled with the maximum rate of release for the gas
contained based on any valves or fittings that are inserted
directly into the tank.
If multiple valves or fittings are provided, the
maximum flow rate of release for the valve or fitting with
the highest flow rate shall be indicated. If liquefied
gases are in contact with any valve or fitting, the liquid
flow rate shal! be utilized for purposes of computation of~
the maximum flow rate of release. All flow rates indicated
on the label shall be converted to cubic feet per minute of
gas at normal temperature and pressure.
9108.7 Portable tanks and cylinders. For portable
tanks and cylinders, the maximum flow rate of release shall
be calculated based on assuming the total.release from the
cylinder or tank within the time specified in the Table
below:
Non-liquified Liquified
Container (Minutes)(Minutes)
Cylinders 5 30
Portable Tanks 40 240
9108.7.1 Reduced flow valves. When portable tanks or
cylinders are equipped with approved reduced flow valves,
the worst case release will be determined by the maximum
achievable flow from the valve as determined by the valve
manufacturer or the gas supplier. Reduced flow and excess
flow valves shall be permanently marked to indicate the
maximum design flow rate. Such markings shall indicate the
flow rate for air under standard conditions. Lettering
shall be 1/4" high, minimum, and be in contrast to the
color is it printed upon.
9108.7.2 Manifolded cylinders. When cylinders are
manifolded together, the maximum release rate shall be the
sum of the release rates for all of the manifolded
cylinders.
9108.8 Piping and controls. All primary piping for
regulated materials shall pass a helium leak test of Ixl0-9
~cubic centimeters/second where practical, or other
nationally recognized standard. Tests shall be conducted by
a qualified "third party" not involved with the
construction of the piping and control systems.
990505 syn 0043704
49
SECTION 9109 -EXTERIOR STORAGE
9109.1 General. Persons responsible for a facility
where there is exterior storage of any regulated material
shall comply with the provisions of this subsection (f),
Section 9102, Section 9103 and of Title 17, "Building
Regulations," of the Palo Alto Municipal Code.
9109.2 Distance limitation to exposures. Exterior
storage of regulated materials shall not be within 75 feet
of a building, structure, property line, street, alley,
public way or exit to a public way unless the storage is
shielded by a structure which has a minimum fire resistive
rating of two hours and which interrupts the line of sight
between the storage and the exposure. The shielding
structure shall be at least five (5) feet from any
exposure.
9109.3 Openings in buildings subject to exposure. When
an exterior storage area is located within 75 feet of a
building, openings into the building other than piping
shall not be above the height of the top of the shielding
structure referred to in section 9109.2 or within 50 feet
horizontally from the storage area, whether or not
protected by a shielding structure.
9109.4 Air intakes. No exterior storage area for
regulated materials shall be within 75 feet of any air
intake.
9109.5 Canopies. Portable tanks and cylinders stored
outside of buildings shall be stored under a canopy
constructed of noncombustible materials. Such exterior
storage shall not be considered indoor storage. An
automatic fire-sprinkler system, or alternative systems as
determined by the Fire Chief for materials incompatible
with water, shall be provided for canopies installed for
the storage of regulated materials.
9109.6 Stationary tank controls. Controls on
stationary tanks shall be in accordance with the following:
i. Pressure-relief devices shall be vented to a
treatment system designed in accordance with the provisions
of section 9108.4.
2. Where filling or dispensing connections are
provided, they shall be provided with a means of local
exhaust. Such exhaust shall be designed to capture fumes
and vapors. The exhaust shall be directed to a treatment
system designed in accordance with the provisions f section
9108.4.
3. Stationary tanks shall be provided with a means of
excess flow control on all tank inlet or outlet
990505 syn 0043704
5O
connections. Inlet connections that are designed to
preclude backflow and pressure-relief devices are exempt
from this requirement.
9109.7 Gas cabinets for leaking cylinders. At least
one gas cabinet or exhausted enclosure shall be provided
for the handling of leaking cylinders. The cabinet or
enclosure shall be within or adjacent to the exterior
storage area and shall meet the standards in sections
9108.2 and 9108.3.
A gas cabinet or exhausted enclosure need not be
provided for leaking cylinders if all cylinders are stored
within gas cabinets or exhausted enclosures that meet the
standards in section 9108.3.
9109.8 Local exhaust for leaking portable tanks. A
means of local exhaust shall be provided to capture
regulated material leaking from portable tanks. The local
exhaust may~consist of portable ducts or collection systems
designed to be applied to the site of a leak in a valve or
fitting on the tank. The local exhaust system shall be
connected to a treatment system as specified in section
9108.4.
A local exhaust system shall be provided within or
immediately adjacent to every exterior storage area; and
within separate gas storage rooms used for portable or
stationary tanks.
9109.9 Tank cars and piping. The provisions of this
article shall not apply to tank cars which meet all
requirements of the U.S. Department of Transportation,
while such tank cars are used for the transportation and
unloading of regulated material, as such terms are used in
the~ Hazardous Materials Transportation- Act, 49 U.S.C.
Section i801 et seq. ~Unloading" does not include the use
of tank cars to store regulated materials.
The provisions of this article shall apply to piping
and control systems, automatic shut off valves, emergency
control stations, gas detection systems, treatment systems
and alarm systems used with piping which connects tank cars
to facilities for the unloading and delivery of regulated
material, and to tank cars used to store regulated
materials.
SECTION 9110 -PROVISIONS SEVERABLE
The provisions of this article are severable. If any
provision of this article or its application to any person
or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity shall not
affect other provisions or applications of this article
which can be given effect without the invalid provision or
application.
990505 syn 0043704
51
SECTION 9111 - CIVIL PENALTIES
9111.1 Civil penalties. Any person, property owner,
firm or corporation who intentionally or negligently
violates any provision of this Article 91 of the Uniform
Fire Code or who fails to comply with any order issued
thereunder, shall be liable for a civil penalty which shall
be not less than five hundred dollars nor more than six
thousand dollars per day for each violation, which shall be
assessed and recovered in a civil action brought in the
name of the people by the City Attorney.
9111.2 Civil actions. In any civil action brought to
seek such civil penalties, and/or to obtain injunctive
relief for violation of any provision of said Article 91 of
the Uniform Fire Code in which action the City prevails,
the court shall determine and impose reasonable expenses,
including attorneys’ fees, incurred by the City in the
investigation and prosecution of the action.
9111.3 Other remedies. Such remedies are in addition
to and do not supersede or limit any and all other
remedies, civil, administrative or criminal.
15.04.345 Appendix I-B amended - Life safety requirements
for existing high-rise buildings.
Section 2 of Appendix I-B of the Uniform Fire Code is
amended by the addition of the following subsections, to read as
follows:
APPENDIX I-B
LIFE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR EXISTING HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS
2.1 GENERAL,
(a) Purpose. The purpose of this appendix is to provide a
reasonable degree of safety to persons occupying existing high-rise
buildings by requiring minimum standards for exit corridors, exit
stairways and elevator shafts, monitored alarm systems and
emergency plans.
(b) Scope. The requirements shall apply to all high-rise
buildings constructed prior to the adoption date of this appendix
which have floors used for human occupancy located more than 75
feet above the lowest level of approved fire department vehicle
access or other physical configuration that qualifies a building as
high rise by local ordinance.
(c) Permits Required.
i. Building permits shall be obtained as required by the
Building Code.
990505 syn 0043704
52
2. Not less than 30 days prior to submitting plans for a
building permit, a preplan review meeting shall be held, including
the owner’s design team, building official and the chief, to
determine the adequacy of the life-safety emergency systems concept
for the building. The life-safety emergency systems shall be
reflected on the plans for the building and become a permanent part
of the building department’s records. The building official and the
chief may require sufficient documentation, based upon engineering
analysis, that the concept meets the intent_ of nationally
recognized good practices and such guidelines as the building
official and chief have published.
(d) Enforcement. The provisions of this appendix shall be
enforced by the chief.
(e) Compliance. All buildings shall be made to conform with
the requirements of Section 2.2 within the following time periods:
i. Subsections (k), (i) and (m) shall be completed within six
months of the adoption date of this appendix.
2. The owners of buildings affected by this appendix or their
representatives shall submit plans to the building official showing
intended methods of compliance with subsections (a) through (j)
within six months of adoption date of this appendix.
3. Subsections (e), (h), and (i) shall be completed within one
year of the adoption date of this appendix.
4. Subsections (a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and (j) shall be
completed on or before April i, 1994.
Note: Regardless of any specific compliance date stipulated above,
a building shal! not be deemed in violation of this~appendix until
such date has expired.
(~f) Exceptions. The Fire Chief may grant certain exceptions to
the requirements of this Appendix I-B, under the following
circumstances:
I. The Fire Chief may allow the use of alternate materials or
methods of compliance upon a finding that the use of such alternate
materials or methods of compliance will provide levels of fire and
life safety equal to or greater than those otherwise required in
this Appendix I-B.
2. The Fire Chief may waive individual requirements of this
Appendix I-B or grant reasonable extensions of time in which to
comply with said requirements upon a finding that such requirements
are not practical or possible, or pose an unreasonable hardship.
The determination of whether compliance is not practical or
possible, or an unreasonable hardship, shall be based upon an
overall evaluation of the following factors:
990505 syn 0043704
53
(i) The amount of fire and life safety that would be lost if
the requirements were waived or deferred;
(ii) The cost of complying with the requirements;
(iii) The financial hardship and disruption to occupants and
users of the building in question;
(iv) The type and nature of the use of the building in
question; and
(v) Such other factors as in the judgment of Fire Chief will
result in providing a reasonable degree of safety as required by
this Uniform Fire Code, to persons occupying-or using the building.
3. The Fire Chief may grant reasonable extensions of time, up
to two additional years, within which to comply with the
requirements of subsections 2.2 (a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (g) and
(j) of this Appendix I-B, upon making a finding of hardship based
upon the factors set-forth in subsection (2) of this subsection
2.1(f), or upon the agreement of the building owner that within
said time, the building will be 100% sprinklered, as defined in the
applicable NFPA standards.
4. The Fire Chief shall prepare written notice of
determination to grant or not to grant exceptions pursuant to this
paragraph. The Fire Chief shall distribute the -notice of
determination in the next available council packet; shall mail
notice, postage prepaid, to the affected building owner; and shall
publish such notice once in a newspaper of general circulation not-
later than five (5) days after the distribution of the notice on
the city council packet. The notice shall state the address and
general description of the subject property and the nature of the
determination. The notice shall also state that the details
regarding the decision will be available in the Fire Chief’s
office, and that an appeal may be taken within ten (i0 days after
the date of publication of the notice.
(g) Appeals.
i. Any person aggrieved or affected by any determination made
by the Fire Chief pursuant to Paragraph 2.1 (f) of Appendix I-B may
appeal that determination in accordance with this Paragraph 2.1
(g).
2. An appeal from the decision of the Fire Chief shall be
initiated within ten (i0) days after the publication of notice, as
provided in Paragraph 2.1 (f), by the filing at the office of the
City Manager of a written, dated appeal, signed by all parties
named as appellants, stating the names and official mailing
addresses of all appellant(s) participating in the appeal and their
relationship to the matter being appealed.
3. The appeal shall contain a statement of all facts
supporting the contention of the appellant(s) and all reasons why
990505 syn 0043704
54
the decision of the Fire Chief should be reversed, modified or set
aside.
4. The appeal shall be accompanied by a fee, as set forth in
the Municipal Fee Schedule for Fire Department appeals.
5. Upon receipt of any appeal, the City Manager or designee
shall set a date for a hearing. Such hearing shall be held within
fifteen (15) days of receipt of the appea!. A notice of the time
and place of the hearing shall be given to the appellant(s) by the
City Manager or designee in writing. The notice shall be mailed,
postage prepaid, addressed to the appellant(s) at the address(es)
listed on the appeal, or it shall be delivered to the appellant(s)
personally, at least ten (i0) days prior to the hearing date. If
the appellant is other than the building owner, the building owner
shall also be notified of the hearing.
6. The City Manager or designee iother than any personnel from
the Fire Department), shall hear the appeal. At the time and place
set for the hearing, the City Manager or designee shall receive all
testimonial, documentary and tangible evidence bearing on the
issues. The City Manager or designee may continue the hearing from
time to time. The City Manager or designee may approve, modify or
disapprove the determination of the Fire Chief. Within three (3)
working days of the close of the hearing, the City Manager or
designee shall render a decision in writing. The decision shall be
mailed, postage prepaid, to the appellant(s) at the address(es)
listed on the appeal or delivered to the appellant(s) personally.
If the appellant is other than the building owner, the building
owner shall also be notified of the decision.
7. The decision of the City Manager or designee shall be
final.
(h) Penalty. Failure to comply with subsection (e) above is
unlawful and any person, firm or corporation, whether as principal,
agent,.employee or otherwise, violating any provisions of the above
requirements shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Such person, firm or
corporation is guilty of a separate offense for each and every day
during any portion of which any violation of these requirements is
committed, continued or permitted by such person, firm or
corporation.
(i) Severability. Should any section, subsection, paragraph,
sentence,~ clause or phrase of this appendix be declared
unconstitutional or invalid for any reason, such decision shall not
affect the validity of the remaining portions of these
requirements.
2.2 REQUIREMENTS
(a) Automatic Sprinklers. All required exit’ corridors,
stairwells, elevator lobbies, public assembly areas occupied
by i00 or more persons and commercial kitchens shall be
protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system meeting
990505 syn 0043704
55
the design criteria of U.B.C. Standard No. 38-1. One sprinkler
head shall be provided on the room side of every corridor
opening.
EXCEPTION: Sprinkler heads may be omitted in stairwells
of noncombustible construction.
(b) Corridor Doors. All doors opening into required exit
corridors shall be in conformance with the Building Code.
EXCEPTION: Existing 1-3/8 inch bonded, solid-core wood
doors, if equipped with self-closures, need not be replaced.
(c) Corridor Openings. All openings into required exit
corridor, other than doors, shall be in conformance with the
Building Code.
(d) Exit Stairways. All high-rise buildings shall have a
minimum of two approved exit stairways. The Fire Chief may
allow a minimum of one approved stairway upon a finding that
additional automatic sprinkler protection is provided that
meets the spirit of this Appendix and provides at least the
equivalent protection of that prescribed in this Appendix.
(e) Exit Stairwell Doors. All stairwell doors which are
to be locked from the stairwell side shall automatically
unlock, without unlatching, when the alarm system activates.
(f) Elevator Lobby Separation° All elevat’ors on all
floors shall open into elevator lobbies which are separated
from the remainder of the building as is required for corridor
construction in the Building Code. The Fire Chief may waive
this requirement upon a finding that additional automatic
sprinkler protection is provided that meets the spirit of this
Appendix and provides at least the equivalent protection of
that prescribed in this Appendix.
(g) Elevator Recall. All automatic elevators shall be
equipped for emergency operation in conformance with the
Building Code.
(h) Fire Alarm Systems. All high-rise buildings shall
have an alarm system meeting the requirements of this section.
Al! required fire alarm systems shall be designed to be heard
clearly by all occupants within the building but in no case
shall it be less than 60 dB, or 15 dB above ambient noise
levels, as measured in the A scale, within all habitable areas
of the building. All required alarm systems shall operate
automatically by smoke or products of combustion detectors and
by manual pull stations as approved by the chief.
(i) Fire Alarm Supervision. All fire alarm systems shall
be connected to an approved central station or the local fire
department dispatch office in conformance with the Fire Code
as approved by the chief.
990505 syn 0043704
56
(j) Exit Illuminat±on. Exits shall be illuminated at any
time the building is occupied with lights having an intensity
of not less than 1 foot-candle at floor level. Such lighting
shall have an independent alternate source of supply such as
an emergency battery pack.
(k) Emergency Plan. The management for all buildings
shall establish and maintain a written fire and life safety
emergency plan whichohas been approved by the chief. The chief
shall develop written criteria and guidelines upon which all
plans shall be based.
(i) Posting of Emergency Plan and Exit Plans. Copies of
the emergency plan and exiting plans (including elevator and
stairway placarding) shall be posted in locations approved by
the chief.
(m) Fire Drills. The management of all buildings shall
conduct fire drills for their staff and employees at least
every 120 days. The fire department must be advised of such
drills at least 24 hours in advance. A written record of each
drill shall be maintained in the building management office
and made available to the fire department for review.
15.04.355 Section 25 of Appendix II-A added - Fire protection
requirements.
Section 25 of Appendix II-A of the Uniform Fire Code is added
to read:
SECTION 25. Fire Protection Requirements. All builders of
buildings constructed after the effective date of the ordinance
adopting this section within the boundaries of the hazardous fire
area (~hazardous fire area" is defined as, and includes, all
property located west of Interstate 280) of the City of Palo Alto
shall provide fire protection as follows:
i. Access and adequate water supply for emergency Fire
Department operations as required in Article i0 of the Uniform Fire
Code; and
2. For residential buildings, an automatic fire sprinkler
system designed in accordance with the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA Pamphlet 13-D) Standard for the installation of
sprinkler systems in one and two-family dwellings, .and in mobile
homes; for this section, the use of approved plastic piping with
insul.ated hangers or others as approved by the Fire Chief, shall be
permitted.
3. When additions, alterations, or repairs within any twelve
(12) month period exceed fifty percent (50%) of the value of an
existing building or structure, such building shall be made to
conform to the requirements of sections 1003.2.1.1 and 1003.2.10
for new buildings or structures. Value shall be determined from the
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cost per square foot table in the most current Building Standards
Magazine, published periodically by the International Conference of
Building Officials.
4. For buildings other than residential buildings, an
automatic fire sprinkler system designed for the applicable hazard
class as defined in the NFPA (Pamphlet 13) Standard for the
installation of automatic sprinkler systems.
15.04.360 Duties are discretionary.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter and the
provisions of the Uniform Fire Code, whenever the words ~shall" or
"must" are used in establishing responsibility or duty of the city,
its elected or appointed officers, employees, or agents, it is the
legislative intent that such words, establish a discretionary
responsibility or duty requiring the exercise of judgment and
discretion.
15.04.362 Sections 4.1 and 4.3 of Appendix II-F amended -
Protected Aboveground Tanks for Motor Vehicle Fuel-Dispensing
Stations Outside of Buildings.
Sections 4.1 and 4.3 of Appendix II-F of the Uniform Fire Code
are amended to read as follows:
4.1 GENERAL. Protected aboveground tanks shall be listed and
shall meet the requirements specified in UFC Standard 79-7 and UL
2085 and shal! be labeled accordingly.
4.3 SIZE. Primary tanks shall not exceed a 2,000~gallon or
6,000-gallon aggregate capacity.
15.04.365 Section 5 of Appendix III-A amended - Fire flow
requirement.
Section 5 of Appendix III-A of the Uniform Fire Code is
amended to read as follows:
5.1 Fire Flow Requirements for Buildings. The minimum fire-
flow requirements for buildings shall be as specified in Table A-
III-A-I. Fire flow for buildings which fall within the first row of
the table shall be the actual building square footage divided by
the maximum square footage for the same type of construction in the
first row multiplied by 1,500 gpm.
5.2 Deleted.
15.04.367 Sections 2, 3 and 5 of ~ppendix III-B amended - Fire
hydrant locations and distribution.
Sections 2, 3 and 5 of Appendix III-B of the Uniform Fire Code
are amended to read as follows:
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2. Location. Fire Hydrants shall be provided along required
fire access roads, including private driveways exceeding 300 feet
in length, and adjacent public streets.
3. Number of Fire Hydrants. The number of fire hydrants shall
be determined in accorda~nce with section 903.4.2 of this Code.
4. Distribution of Fire Hydrants. The distribution of fire
hydrants shall be in accordance with sections 903.4. and 903.4.2.1
~of this Code.
SECTION 2. The Council adopts the findings for local
amendments to the 1998 California Fire Code, which findings are
attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and incorporated herein by
reference.
SECTION 3. The Council finds that this project is exempt from
the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act
("CEQA"), pursuant to Section 15061 of the CEQA Guidelines, because
it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the
amendments herein adopted will have a significant effect on the
environment.
SECTION 4. This Ordinance shall become effective on the
commencement of the thirty-first day after the day of its adoption,
provided, however, the provisions herein acted shall be operative
from and after July i, 1999.
INTRODUCED:
PASSED:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSTENTIONS:
ABSENT:
ATTEST:APPROVED:
City Clerk Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM:City Manager
Senior Asst. City Attorney Director of Planning and
Community Environment
Chief Building Official
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EXHIBIT A
Findings
The following local amendments to the 1998 California Fire Code
make modifications as authorized by the California Health and
Safety Code. In accordance with Section 18941.5 of said Code,
Findings are hereby made to show that such modifications or changes
are reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological or
topographical conditions.
The majority of local amendments are made strictly to conform to
other parts of the Palo Alto Municipal Code (PAMC) or for similar
administrative purposes.
The amendments for which Findings are made are as follows.
specific Findings, see attached narrative (Exhibit A-l).
For
i.PAMC § 15.04.020
Findings: This~modification requires larger elevators, when
they are otherwise required. It is necessary for faster
emergency response time due to traffic layout. See Finding 3,
Topographical.
2.PAMC § 15.04.160
Findings: This modification requires additional fire
extinguishing systems in new construction, major remodels,
additions, and occupancy classification changes. It is
necessary for faster control of fires in the dense populated
area of our community to confine a fire to the area of origin
rather than spread to neighboring structures. See Findings i,
2, and 3, Climatic, Geographical and Topographical.
3.PAMC § 15.04.170
Findings: This modification requires additional fire
extinguishing systems in the foothills hazardous fire zone.
See Findings I,2,and 3,Climatic,Geographical and
Topographical.
4. PAMC § 15.04.177
Findings: This modification requires fire extinguishing
control devices to allow systems to remain partially in
service while repairs or maintenance are ongoing.See
Findings 1 and 2.
5.PAMC § 15.04.180
Findinqs: This modification requires monitoring offire
extinguishing systems to allow faster response times.See
Findings C and D2, Seismic and Geographical.
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PAMC § 15.04.182
Findings: This modification requires weeds to be removed from
properties when determined to be a hazard at the expense of
the responsible. See findings DI,2 and 3 climatic,
geographical, and topographical.
7.PAMC § 15.04.185
Findings: This modification requires additional controls on
process heating devices which are often activated when
unattended. See Geological Findings 2.
o PAMC § 15.04: 210, 211, 215, 216, 217,218,222,225,244,
248,261,265, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272,273,274,275,277,
279,281,282,283, 284, 285, 286, 288,294,296,298,320,
322,326,340
Findings: These sections provide modifications to the
California Fire Code flammable and hazardous materials
sections to maintain consistency with the Hazardous Materials
Storage Ordinance which has been adopted county wide since
1983. Requirements include safeguards such as monitoring,
secondary containment, separation of non compatibles which
prevent incidents should a seismic event, authorized release,
or accident occur. See Findings 2 and 3,
geological/geographical and topographical.
o PAMC § 15.04.342
Findings: This section places restrictions on liquid petroleum
gas where natural gas is provided to reduce portable container
releases in our seismically active area. See Findings 2.
i0.PAMC § 15.04.343
Findings: This section incorporates requirements established
by the Model Toxic Gas Ordinance and California Fire Code.
Administrative and restrictive measures include changes.in
definitions, quantities regulated, and utilizes County
consensus guidelines established by other regional agencies
which share similar climatic, geological/geographical, and
topographical conditions. See Findings I, 2 and 3.
II.PAMC § 15.04.345
Findings: This modification requires additional fire and life
safety features in existing high-rise buildings. See Findings
2 and 3 including seismic features.
12.PAMC § 15.04.362
Findings: This section restricts above ground fuel tanks.
Findings 2 and 3.
See
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EXHIBIT A-I
Findings for Local Amendments to the
1998 California Fire Code
PREAMBLE
Findings of fact:
PurSuant to Section 17958.5 of the California Health and
Safety Code, the report contained herein is submitted as the
~Findings of Fact" document with regard to the adoption of the
California Fire Code, 1998 Edition, and amendments. Under
this adopting ordinance, specific amendments have been
established which are more restrictive in nature than those
adopted by the State of California (State Building Code
Standards, State Housing and Community Development Codes)
commonly referred to as California Code of Regulations, Titles
19, 24 and 25.
These amendments to the California Fire Code, 1998 Edition,
have been recognized by the City of Palo Alto as tools for
addressing the fire problem, concerns and future direction by
which the authority can establish and maintain an environment
which will afford a level of fire and life safety to all who
live and work within the City’s boundaries.
C o Under the provisions of Section 17958.5 of the Health and
Safety Code,local amendments shall be based upon the
following:climatic, geologica!/geographical,and
topographical conditions. The findings of fact contained
herein shal!address each of these situations and shall
present the local situation which, either singularly or in
combination, caused the established amendments to be adopted.
i. CLIMATIC:
The district, on an average, experiences an annual rainfall of
16" - 18" This rainfall can be expected between October and
April of each year. However, during the summer months there
is little, if any, measurable precipitation. During this dry
period the temperatures are usually between 70o-90° with light
to gusty westerly winds. These drying winds, combined with
the natural vegetation which is dominant throughout the area,
create a hazardous fuel condition which has caused extensive
grass and brush land fires. With more and more development
encroaching into these wooded and grass covered areas, wind-
driven fires could have severe consequences, as has been
demonstrated on several occasions in Palo Alto and other areas
of the state.
Because of the weather patterns, a normal rainfall cannot
always be relied upon. This can result in water rationing and
water allocation systems, as demonstrated by the drought years
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o
of 1986-1991. Water shortages can also be expected in the
future due to the current water storage capacities and
increased consumption.
GEOLOGICAL/GEOGRAPHICAL:
Geographical Location. Palo Alto is located at the northern
most part of Santa Clara County. Palo Alto is a major focus
of the "Silicon Valley," the center for an expanding and
changing electronics industry, as well as pharmaceutical,
biomedical, and genetic research.
Seismic Location. Palo Alto is situated on alluvial solids
between San Francisco Bay and the San Andreas Fault zone. The
City’s location makes it particularly vulnerable to damage to
taller and older structures caused by seismic events. The
relatively young, geological processes that have created the
San Francisco Bay Area are still active today. Seismically,
the city sits between two active earthquake faults (San
Andreas and the Hayward/Calaveras), and numerous potentially
active faults. Approximately 55% of the City’s land surface
is in the high-to-moderate seismic hazard zones.
Seismic and Fire Hazards. Fire following an earthquake has
the potential of causing greater loss of life and damage than
the earthquake itself.
The majority of the City’s high-rise structures are located in
seismic risk zones. Should a significant seismic event occur,
Public Safety resources would have to be prioritized to
mitigate the greatest threat, and may not be available for
every structural fire. In such event, individual structures,
including high-rise buildings, should be equipped to help in
mitigating the risk of damage.
Other Variables may tend to intensify the situation:
a. The extent of damage to the water system;
The extent of isolation due to bridge and/or freeway
overpass collapse;
C °The extent of roadway damage and/or amount of debris
blocking the roadways;
d.Climatical conditions (hot, dry weather with high winds);
Time of day will influence the amount of traffic on
roadways and could intensify the risk to life during
norma! business hours;
f o The availability of timely mutual aid or military
assistance;
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g o Many high-rise structures are located near areas of high
fire danger necessitating special precautions.
Transportation. Palo Alto is dissected by a major state
highway (El Camino Real) and two major freeways (I-280 and
U.S. i01), which potentially could affect response times of
fire suppression equipment.
Soil Conditions. Palo Alto lies at the southern end of San
Francisco Bay and is built atop the alluvial deposits that
surround the margins of the Bay. The alluvium was created by
the flooding of many streams emptying into the San Francisco
Bay depression, and from intermittent sea water inundation
that has occurred over the last 2 or 3 million years. The
areas closest to the Bay are overlain by unconsolidated fine
silty clay, known as Bay Mud which varies in thickness from
the few feet to as much as 30 feet. Generally, the older more
stable alluvium is to the south and the younger less stable
material is to the north. Bedrock lies beneath the area that
depth generally 300’ or more.
3.TOPOGRAPHICAL:
The findings of fact for the topographical element, as would be
expected, are closely associated with the geological/geographical
element. With the elevation changes within the district~
development is of course following the path of least resistance,
creating a meandering pattern. This then does not lend itself to
a good systematic street and road layout, which would promote easy
traffic flow. It has, in fact, resulted in few major crosstown
thoroughfares which tend to be heavily congested, primarily during
commute hours and seasonal periods of the year. This creates
barriers which reduce the response time of fire equipment-and other
emergency services. The topography of the district is being
burdened by-major structures. Employment areas are throughout the
district. The people who work in these complexes have added to the
traffic congestion throughout the city, thereby reducing the fire
department’s response time capabilities.
Inherent delays caused by the traffic patterns to many of these
types of projects, make it necessary to mitigate this problem by
requiring additional built-in automatic fire protection systems,
that provide early detection and initial control until the arrival
of the fire department.
The topography of the district in much of the commercial and
residential zones lies within or near a flood plane. Periodically,
heavy rains and high tides cause region-wide flooding which not
only delays response but also increases demands on fire personnel.
The fire code amendments increase safeguards and initialize early
response to help compensate for these physical delays.
As a result of the findings of facts which identifies the various
climatic, geological/geographical and topographical elements, those
additional requirements as specified in the amendments to adopting
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ordinance for the California Fire Code 1998 Edition, by the City of
Palo Alto area considered reasonable and necessary modifications.
The experience of several disastrous fires within the city in
addition to Santa Clara, Monterey, San Mateo, Alameda an Contra
Costa counties have demonstrated the need for other fire protection
features, the most significant of which was located in the
Oakland/Berkeley Hills in which over 3,000 homes were destroyed and
25 people were killed. While it is clearly understood that the
adoption of such regulations may not prevent the incidence of fire,
the implementation of these various amendments to the Code may
reduce the severity and potential of loss of life and property.
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