HomeMy WebLinkAbout1999-04-13 City CouncilTO:
City
City of Palo Alto
Manager’s Report
HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
ATTENTION: POLICY AND SERVICES COMMITTEE
FROM:CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: POLICE
DATE:APRIL 13, 1999 CMR:201:99
SUBJECT:RECOMMENDATION REGARDING A PROPOSED
ORDINANCE REGULATING SOLICITATION FROM
STREETS,MEDIANS,DRIVEWAY ENTRANCES,
SIDEWALKS, AND PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAYS
REPORT IN BRIEF
The City Council directed staff to develop policy recommendations and a draft ordinance
regarding soliciting from streets, street medians and driveway entrances. The Council also
requested information regarding the extent of the problem; what people would be impacted
by an ordinance and whether enforcement of such an ordinance would move the problem
onto private property. This report provides accident information from selected locations in
the City of Palo Alto during 1998, anecdotal information from interviews with business
people located near those sites and descriptions of responses to this issue by several other
California cities. Attached to the report is a draft of a proposed ordinance, similar to those
adopted by the neighboring cities of Santa Clara, Mountain View and Sunnyvale.
CMR:201:99 Page 1 of 5
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that Council consider the adoption the attached ordinance regulating
solicitation from streets, medians, sidewalks, driveway entrances, and other public -right-of-
ways.
BACKGROUND
In January 1999, the City Council directed staff to develop policy recommendations and to
draft an ordinance for Council consideration that would prohibit soliciting on streets, street
medians and driveway entrances. Council members expressed concern about the safety of
motorists and those people who sold items or solicited donations while standing on medians
or on sidewalks adjacent to driveways.
Staff has reviewed information to determine if any automobile accidents have recently been
caused by this type of behavior. Staff contacted a number of merchants at Town and
County Village and Stanford Shopping Center to ascertain the extent of the problem. Police
staff also made personal observations at three different locations in the City where soliciting
normally occurs. Additionally, staff has contacted other cities who have adopted similar
ordinances.
DISCUSSION
Accident Information
Staff has reviewed accident information for four locations in the City where soliciting from
medians and/or driveway entrances frequently occurs. The locations are: 1) E1 Camino Real
and Palo Alto Avenue; 2) E1 Camino Real at the entrance to Stanford Shopping Center; 3)
E1 Camino Real a’t the entrance to Town and Country; and 4) E1 Camino Real and University
Avenue. During 1998, a total of 88 accidents were reported at those locations. The accident
rates at these intersections were not substantially different from rates at other comparable
intersections (El Camino Real and Page Mill Road; E1 Camino Real and Arastradero Road;
Middlefield Road and University Avenue; Middlefield Road intersections - 101 accidents),
nor were major variations seen in the severity of collisions.
Staff read each of the 88 accident reports and determined that the primary collision factors
for any of the accidents did not involve solicitation. However, the fact that soliciting on
medians was not listed as a primary cause should not be viewed as a determination that the
CMR:201:99 Page 2 of 5
distraction caused by solicitors at a median or driveway entrance was not a contributing
factor. For example, generally speaking, if a car slowed or stopped in a traffic lane as a
result of solicitation on an adjacent median and was rear-ended, the primary cause of the
collision would be recorded as unsafe speed or inattention. Unless details about a solicitor
is provided to the officer by the involved parties of an accident at the time the accident report
is made, there is currently no method to collect that information.
Anecdotal Information
Staff also conducted informal interviews with business people located near sites where
soliciting from medians or at driveways commonly occurs. Specifically, seven businesses
located near the entrance to Town and Country and six retailers near the entrance to Stanford
Shopping Center were contacted. Merchants at Stanford Shopping Center indicated that they
have received complaints from their customers about people soliciting at the entrance and
on medians, but because the solicitors have been there for so long, they are basically ignored.
They reported that it becomes hazardous when motorists throw money out the windows of
their cars as they drive off.
Those people interviewed at Town and Country Shopping Center, however, reported that
solicitors would often block drivers’ view of oncoming traffic, making left-hand turns onto
southbound E1 Camino Real hazardous. Several employees reported that they have almost
hit solicitors at night. Others report feeling intimidated by occasional verbally aggressive
solicitors. Soliciting activities usually occur during commute hours when traffic is the
heaviest.
Officers videotaped solicitors at the two locations and at the intersection of E1 Camino Real
and Palo Alto Avenue. During the 40-minute video, no behavior on the part of the solicitor
that would constitute a traffic hazard was observed and only two incidents of the solicitors
receiving any contributions were recorded.
It should also be noted that occasionally, staff receives phone calls or letters from members
of the public complaining about "near miss" situations involving solicitors on medians, but
this information has not been tracked. As a result, actual numbers of complaints are not
available.
Experience of Other Cities
Several cities, including Santa Clara, Mountain View, Sunnyvale, Anaheim, San Jose and
Malibu have adopted ordinances prohibiting solicitation on medians, streets, sidewalks and
entrances to driveways. At least four of the cities adopted their ordinances in efforts to deal
CMR:201:99 Page 3 of 5
with traffic hazards pres.ented by day laborers soliciting jobs. Another city was concerned
about the hazards presented by newspaper and hot dog vendors.
The definition of solicitation for most cities with ordinances includes any request, offer or
enticement which announces availability for employment, sales of goods, requests for food
or other items of value, or to seek contributions of money.
Some cities have patterned their legislative responses to this issue after the City of Agoura
Hills. Agoura Hills’ ordinance has been challenged and upheld in the Appellate Court. A
rehearing to contest this Appellate Court ruling was later sought and denied at the Supreme
Court level.
Attachment A provides detailed information about other cities’ ordinances. Some cities
prohibit occupants of motor vehicles from soliciting from pedestrians on streets, driveways
and medians. In some cases, (Anaheim and Santa Clara) the behavior of the solicitor or
seller of goods must be aggressive before enforcement can be taken. Based upon their
ordinances, passive soliciting (e.g., someone only standing with a sign) would not be
considered a violation. Some cities (Sunnyvale and Mountain View) have included
prohibitions against loitering or lingering on medians as part of their legislation.
Five of the cities have included prohibitions against soliciting from motorists in commercial
parking lots. These provisions were added in attempts to prevent solicitors and sellers of
goods from moving off the public right of ways and into private commercial parking lots.
It is interesting to note, that none of the cities who were contacted regarding similar
ordinances had any specific incidents that prompted the legislation, but initiated legislation
based upon complaints from citizens.
Based upon this information, it is clear that ordinances of this nature preclude any person
from soliciting, selling items, distributing literature, etc., from medians, streets, driveways,
and other public right of ways if they pose a traffic hazard regardless, of whether the action
is panhandling, requesting donations for nonprofit organizations, or selling goods such as
flowers, cookies, or other items.
The attached draft ordinance, which staff recommends, is similar to the Agoura Hills
ordinance with respect to the specific traffic safety issues associated with soliciting from
medians, driveway entrances, streets, sidewalks, and other public right, of ways. It does not
address the separate issues of"aggressive panhandling" or "soliciting in a parking structure
or commercial parking lot," which several cities have addressed in their ordinances.
CMR:201:99 Page 4 of 5
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
The proposed ordinance is consistent with a previously adopted provision in the Municipal
Code ( 9.44.010) prohibiting solicitation from any pedestrian or occupant of a vehicle located
in public parking lots.
RESOURCE IMPACT
Enforcement of the proposed ordinance would be handled by existing Police Department
staff and no additional resources would be needed.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
This is not a project under the California Environmental Quality Act.
ATTACHMENTS:
Attachment A: Matrix of Other Cities’ Ordinances
Draft Ordinance
PREPARED BY: Patrick Dwyer, Chief of Police
DEPARTMENT HEAD APPROVAL:
’,f of Police
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
er
CMR:201:99 Page 5 of 5
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ORDINAI~CE~NO.
ORDINANCE OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO ALTO
ADDING CHAPTER 9.45 OF TITLE 9 (PEACE, MORALS, AND
SAFETY) TO THE PALO ALTO MUNICIPAL CODE REGULATING
SOLICITATION IN STREETS AND IN AND ADJACENT TO
DRIVEWAY ENTRANCES
The Council of the City of Palo Alto does ORDAIN as
follows:
SECTION I. The Council hereby finds as follows:
(a) The activity of soliciting employment, business or
contributions from occupants of vehicles distracts drivers from
their primary duty to watch traffic and be alert for possible
traffic or pedestrian hazards, to observe all traffic control
signals, signs, or warnings, and to avoid unnecessary obstruction
or congestion of traffic.
(b) Distracted drivers are more prone to automobile
accidents and pose a substantial traffic safety hazard potential.
(c) The Council’s study and consideration of the hazards
presented by solicitation of employment, business or contributions
from occupants of vehicles in streets and in and adjacent to
driveway approaches to streets confirms that there are ample
alternative locations and means for communication by those persons
who wish to solicit for these purposes, upon both public and
private property throughout the city, and that the restrictions
adopted by this ordinance provide a fair balance of the public
interest in traffic safety and private interests in solicitation.
SECTION 2. Chapter 9.45 is hereby added to Title 9 (Public
Peace, Morals, and Safety) of the Palo Alto Municipal Code to read
as follows:
CHAPTER 9.45
SOLICITATION IN STREETS AND IN ANDADJACENT TO DRIVEWAY ENTRANCES
9.45.010 Definitions.
(a) ~Solicit" shall mean and include any request, offer,
enticement, or action which announces the availability of a person
to engage in an emp!oyment transaction, to engage in a business
transaction, or to engage in the contribution of money or other
property. Solicitation shall be deemed complete when made whether
or not an actual employment relationship is created, a business
transaction is completed, or a contribution of money or other
property takes place as a result of a solicitation.
(b) "Business" shall mean and include any type of
product, performance, or activity which is provided or performed,
990408 syn 0043675
or offered to be provided or performed, in exchange for money,
labor, goods, or any other form of consideration.
(c) ~Employment" shall mean and include the provision of
services, industry, or labor performed by a person for wages or
other compensation or under any contract of hire, written or oral,
expressed or implied.
(d) "Contribution" shall mean and include any donation
of money, goods, or other things of value.
(e) ~Street" means and includes the paved portion of any
public street, highway, expressway, or alley within the city
(including the vehicular travel lanes, ~parking areas, bicycle
lanes), as well as the.medians thereof (whether paved or planted or
marked with striping) and any sidewalks in the public right of way.
(f) "Driveway approach" means any portion of the public
sidewalk which is utilized for vehicular access from private
property to any public street, highway, expressway or alley.
9.45.020 Solicitation in streets prohibited.
(a) It shall be unlawful for any person, while that person
is located on a street, to solicit emp!oyment, business, or
contributions from occupants of other vehicles on that street.
(b) It shall be unlawful for any person, while occupying
any vehicle on a street, to solicit employment, business, or.
contributions from pedestrians or from occupants of other vehicles
on that street.
9.45.030 Solicitation in
prohibited.
driveway approaches
(a) -It shall be unlawful for any person, while located on
or occupying any vehicle on a public street, sidewalk, or planter
area within or adjacent to anydriveway approach (i.e. within fifty
feet of a driveway approach) to solicit employment, business, or
contributions from occupants of vehicles transiting or occupying
that driveway approach.
(b) It shall be unlawful for any person, while located on
or occupying any vehicle on a public street, sidewalk, or planter
area within any driveway approach to solicit employment, business,
or contributions from pedestrians transiting or occupying that
driveway approach.
SECTION 3. If any section, subsection, sentence, clause,
phrase, or word of this ordinance is for any reason held by a court
of competent jurisdiction to be unconstitutional or invalid for any
reason, such decision shal! not affect the validity of the
remaining portions of this ordinance. The City Council hereby
declares that it would have passed this ordinance and each section,
subsection, sentence, clause, phrase, and word thereof,
990408 syn 0043675
2
irrespective of whether any one or more section(s), subsection(s),
sentences(s), clause(s), phrase(s), or word(s) is invalid or
invalidated.
SECTION 4. This ordinance does not constitute a project
having potential effects upon the environment and therefore does
not require environmenta! review under the California Environmental
Quality Act.
SECTION 5. This ordinance shall be effective on the
thirty-first day after the date of its adoption.
INTRODUCED:
PASSED:
AYES:
NOES:
ABSTENTIONS:
ABSENT:
ATTEST:APPROVED:
City Clerk
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
Senior Asst. City Attorney
Mayor
City Manager
Police Chief
990408 syn 0043675