HomeMy WebLinkAbout1997-10-15 City CouncilTO:
FROM:
DATE:
SUBJECT:
City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
CITY MANAGER
October 15, 1997
RESPONSE TO
DEPARTMENT: Planning and
Community Environment
CMR:433:97
COUNCIL MEMBER QUESTIONS
REGARDING PLANNING COMMISSION-RECOMMENDED
1998-2010 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN.
RECOMMENDATION
Staffrecommends that the Council direct staffto: 1) revise the Final Environmental Impact
Report (EIR) to exclude references to the Greenmeadow neighborhood as needing additional
neighborhood park land and 2) add the phrase "with the increased FAR to be used
predominantly for residential purposes" to the definition of Mixed Use on Page L-10.
BACKGROUND
At the City Council meeting of September 29, 1997, Council Members raised several
questions regarding the Planning Commission-recommended 1998-2010 Comprehensive Plan
and the accompanying Environmental Impact Report. This CMR provides responses to those ~
inquiries.
DISCUSSION
Following are Council Member questions and staff responses on the Planning. Commission-
recommended Comprehensive Plan. The questions have been paraphrased.
Ronald McDonald House: Is the City taking irrevocable actions that would limit the
expansion of Ronald McDonald House? The 1998-2010 Comprehensive Plan does not alter
the boundaries of the Open Space land adjacent to Ronald Mc Donald House as it exists in
the current Comprehensive Plan or as shown on the approved Sand Hill Corridor Project
Plans. An expansion of Ronald McDonald House (the House) was approved in 1989 and
later constructed. At that time, the House essentially was developed to its full potential,
primarily based on zoning limits on site coverage and parking. Any further notable
expansion of the House would require a Comprehensive Plan land use change for a portion
of the adjacent Open Space area, as well as Stanford approval to move the lease line.
CMR:~33:97 Page 1 of 8
Commercial Hotel Overlay Land Use Designation: What would be required to approve
a hotel project if a the Hotel Overlay Land Use designation is added to a site?
Application of the Commercial Hotel Overlay Land Use designation does not guarantee that
a hotel would be approved on a site, but does provide a policy statement of what is
acceptable. Approval of a hotel project on a site would require adding the zoning
designation of Hotel Combining District or approval of a Planned Community zone. In
either case, the proposal would be subject to the City’s development review process. The
Planning Commission-recommended Comprehensive Plan proposes that the Commercial
Hotel Overlay Land Use designation allow a Floor Area Ratio (FAR) up to 1.5; however, the
Hotel Combining Zone District has a maximum FAR of 0.6. Any proposed project greater
than 0.6 FAR would require a Planned Community Zone or a change in the Hotel Combining
Zone District regulations.
Replacement Housing If Hotel Is Built: Can the Comprehensive Plan require
replacement housing in some other location if the commercial Hotel Overlay Land Use
designation is placed on a site? This issue is addressed by Policy H-5 that states
"Discourage the conversion of lands designated as residential to nonresidential, unless there
is no net loss of housing potential on a community wide basis." If the. Council prefers
stronger language, an additional policy or program could be added that includes language
such as "Provide for alternate housing sites comparable to that lost if a hotel is built on a
residentially designated site," or the word "Discourage" in Policy H-5 could be revised to
"Do not allow." However, being this specific in a program or policy is probably not
necessary and removes some flexibility for unforeseen circumstances. At this point in time,
the issue of additional housing potential can be looked at in terms of the total Comprehensive
Plan review rather than focusing on a site-specific trade-off, as would be the situation with
a separate plan change application.
Changes in Land Use Density Designations Related to Traffic Impact~: Can the City
relate specific land use issues/approvals to changes in intersection level of Service? i.e.,
Is it possible to link particular land use actions to the significant negative impacts at the
six intersections? While it is theoretically possible to select one or more specific parcels,
assume new land uses, and recalculate resultant traffic flows on surrounding streets and
intersections, the time and cost to do so makes it impractical. The travel forecasting model
that was used for the Comprehensive Plan update was developed to look at the composite
effect of multiple changes throughout the City, and not for individual site analysis. The
traffic impacts at a given intersection are the result of a complex interaction of the traffic
generation from individual parcels all over the City, and the capacity of the roads and
intersections to handle the trips..If traffic generation were changed on a parcel, the routing
of trips from other parcels would also be affected. Chapter 6 of the Draft EIR does contain
two "special area" analyses where the relative impact of land uses on specific parcels on an
adjacent intersection was determined. The procedure used for this analysis was complex as
CMR:433:97 Page 2 of 8
described above and the results are sufficient only for limited comparison purposes. It was
not feasible to calculate levels of service.
In a project with a 15-year time frame, such as the Comprehensive Plan, no isolated parcel
will have an enduring impact at a particular intersection. For example, if the land use were
changed on a particular parcel so that the impact at an adjacent intersection changed from
significant to acceptable, and other assumptions remain unchanged, the former significant
impact would probably merely be delayed a year or two before being realized anyway, due
to changing traffic conditions in the rest of the City and region. The project analyzed in the
Draft EIR (the Update) is a reasonable worst case scenario. Based on past experience with
the Citywide Land Use and Transportation Study and other traffic studies, the reality is
typically better than the reasonable worst case forecasts.
In conclusion, in a long-term, wide-area analysis, the transportation model is designed and
best used to determine the collective, long-term impact of one or more scenarios of multiple
land use assumptions, as was done for the Comprehensive Plan. Broadly speaking, based
upon the level of service data in the Draft EIR for the existing conditions, the Low
Alternative, and the Project (the Update), it appears that the only way to avoid significant
and unavoidable impacts at multiple, major intersections is to limit development to
approximately today’s levels.
Noise Comparative Analysis: Compare the existing noise policies with the proposed new
policies. Do the new policies allow more noise? The discussion in the 1980-1995
Comprehensive Plan on noise is generally nonquantitative. However, the policies and text
reference quantitative standards in two ways.
First, the existing plan includes a table of noise standards that defines recommended
"superior" and "acceptable" noise levels for various land uses. The standards for superior
or acceptable are not mandatory but are "recommended" for use in evaluating whether a
particular land use is appropriate in a particular noise environment. The standards also
provide guidance when mitigation is imposed in the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA) review process. These standards are provided for both indoor and Outdoor locations
for most land uses and the unit of measure is L10, or a measurement of the noise level that
is exceeded I0 percent of the time.
Second, the existing policies reference the City’s Noise Ordinance. The ordinance provides
quantitative limits to noise that can be created on different types of property O.e., residential,
commercial and industrial, andpublic) at the plane of the property line or other specified
distance from the noise source. These limits are placed on noise created by machines,
animals or devices for the purpose of protecting others from excessive noise. The limits are
based on increases from the local ambient noise level and are measured in dBA (defmed
below). An exception is granted for daytime hours, and special regulations apply to
construction related noise, equipment used by the City or other public entities and their
CMR:433:97 Page 3 of 8
contractors, residential power equipment, gas powered leafblowers, street sweeping, refuse
collection, safety devices, emergencies, and parking lot and business district street cleaning.
Proposed development projects or land uses must meet the limits imposed by the noise
ordinance.
At the recommendation of the Comprehensive Plan noise consultants, the Planning
Commission-recommended Comprehensive Plan includes additional quantitative standards.
First, the unit of measure in the land use compatibility table has been revised. The State of
California has mandated that noise elements use noise measurements that include day-night
average levels such as Ldn. Ldn is a measurement of a 24-hour average noise level, with
a penalty added for nighttime noise. This unit of measure is a more inclusive measurement
than L10, and therefore the proposed compatibility standards are more restrictive than the
existing standards. The categories of "superior" and "acceptable" have been replaced with
"normally acceptable" (noise levels for which no noise evaluation is required except in
special circumstances), "conditionally acceptable" (levels where a noise study is required
and mitigation to the normally acceptable level would be required), and "unacceptable" (a
level at which mitigation probably won’t be available to attain the normally acceptable
standard).
While Ldn and L10 are two distinct methods of measuring noise, determination of noise level
using the two methods for the same environment result in insignificant differences in value.
The key measurements of the compatibility tables from each Plan are presented below:
Land Use Category
Residential
Commercial/office
Park
Industrial
Schools, libraries,
hospitals, etc.
Existing Plan
Acceptable
(Ll0-presented in dBA)**
65
70
65
75
None
Proposed Plan
Normally Acceptable*
(Ldn-presented in dBA)
60
70
65
70
60
*The no~rmally acceptable category allows for the possibility’ that Some specific uses may
require lower noise levels than the standard presented.
** dBA = A noise measurement system using decibels which have been "A" weighted to
reflect the sensitivity of the human ear to mid-range frequencies.
CMR:433:97 Page 4 of 8
It should be noted that the indoor standard is not included in the table above and is not
proposed to be included in the new Comprehensive Plan. The indoor standards are not
necessary because they easily be met through normal building techniques, if the outdoor
standard is achieved. Indoor standards for mu!tiple-family residential uses are included in
the proposed Plan as Policy N-33A because they are required by law. The indoor standard
of 45 dBA is also proposed to apply to single family residential development in Palo Alto.
It should also be noted that the proposed plan includes language added by the Planning
Commission (following Goal N-8 on page N-23) which allows flexibility in the noise
standard for higher density residential development located near transit stations and routes.
Finally, Policy N-34A on Page N-23A of the proposed plan provides a stricter significance
criteria for CEQA noise analysis. The existing plan has "no significance" criteria.
Theoretically, mitigation would be required only if a proposed project increased noise to
levels above the standard. Environments below the standard subjected to noise increases
would not necessarily be protected from the increase unless the standard was exceeded. In
practice, most analyses prepared for the City utilized a significance Criteria as proposed in
the new Plan. Inclusion of this significance criteria in the Plan formalizes the requirement.
Revised Noise Ordinance: Will proposed Program N-56, which states the City’s desire
to update the noise ordinance, result in more lax noise standards for Palo Alto? The
purpose of updating the noise ordinance is to provide increased clarity in the application of
its regulations. Recent neighborhood conflicts have resulted in different interpretations of
the ordinance by different noise professionals. Such an update will also provide an
opportunity for the City to evaluate the more stringent regulations relating to community
noise concerns such as leaf blowers and weekend construction noise.
Greenmeadow Neighborhood Park Standards: Is the EIR correct in stating that the
Greenmeadow neighborhood needs neighborhood parks? Doesn’t Cubberley count
towards these standards? Cubberley Commttrtity Center was not considered in the EIR
analysis of neighborhood park land in the Comprehensive Plan because it is not City
property, but rather a leased school site. However, like other school properties, Cubberley
does, in fact, function as a neighborhood park and should have been considered in the
analysis. Staff recommends that the Final EIR be revised to exclude references to the
Greenmeadow neighborhood as needing additional neighborhood park land.-
I~clusion of Council Actions Since Preparation of the Final EIR: Why are the changes
to the Sand Hill Road Project, and possible other projects as approved by City Council,
not reflected in the Final EIR in all locations where the project is mentioned? The Final
EIR acknowledges that the Sand Hill Road EIR has been certified in several appropriate
locations, e.g., item 8 on page 2-4, revises the Draft EIR description of the Comprehensive
Plan project description for the Sand Hill Road Corridor and several responses to comments.
CMR:433:97 Page 5 of 8
The ~assumptions included in Draft EIR Table 1, Comprehensive Plan Update 2010
Development Assumptions, and subsequent analysis and discussion of the proposed Project
have not been revised in the Final EIR to reflect the reduced Sand Hill Road Corridor project
approved by the City Cotmcil. The EIR evaluates the public review version of the Draft
Comprehensive Plan. Other changes made throughout the Planning Commission review of
the plan are similarly treated. Revision of the EIR analysis to reflect the reduced Sand Hill
Road Corridor project and other minor changes to the Comprehensive Plan would be a major
undertaking. CEQA does not require that the EIR be revised, as long as the changes to the
project description do not result in a more intensive "project" and the EIR evaluates a worst
case scenario. The various references to the larger Sand Hill Road Corridor project in the
EIR do not mean that the project is still part of the Comprehensive Plan, only that the
impacts of such a project have been evaluated under CEQA.
Residential Densities: To what extent does the Plan address the issue of City policies
recognizing the more intense current residential densities as opposed to the lower
intensity single family zoning? This question relates to the maps presented by the Planning
Commission that showed the actual residential densities as being greater than the current
zoning. Both the 1980-1995 Comprehensive Plan and the Planning Commission-
recommended Comprehensive Plan recognize that retention of existing residential units is
important. The current plan provides for the preservation of older single-family homes and
small aparanent buildings (Housing Element, Policy 2) and requires that any project causing
the loss of rental housing units must meet two of three requirements for replacement,
including a 100 percent gain in housing units and/or an equal number of rental units and/or
a 20 percent Below Market Rate requirement (Housing Element, Program 9). The Planning
Commission-recommended Comprehensive Plan was even more explicit in the policies and
programs that encourage increasing the housing supply. These include consideration for
adopting minimum density requirements (Program H-2); evaluation of the provisions for
second dwelling units with the intent to increase unit production (Program H-4); amending
the zoning regulations to allow lots of less than 6,000 square feet (Program H-6);
modification of parking requirements to allow higher densities in appropriate areas (Program
H-7); encouraging the development of housing on parking lots by adopting incentives that
will lead to housing production (Program H-10); and maintenance of multi-family rental
housing (Policy H-8, Program H-15 and Program H-16).
CMR:433:97 Page 6 of 8
Multiple-family.. Densities: Please provide some comparisons of densities in multiple-
family projects.
ADDRESS
901 Webster (Webster Wood)
165 Forest
345 Sheridan (The Mayfield)
423 Alma (Abitare)
753 Alma (Alma Place SRO)
LOT AREA
(Square Feet)
149,410
31,525
70,006
23,962
17,640
# OF UNITS
68
32
83
44
107
DENSITY
(Units/acre)
20
44
51
80
264
Floor Area Ratios in the Land Use Definitions: In the Regional/Community Commercial
Land Use definition, the maximum floor area ratio is up to 2.0. Since the Downtown has
a limit of 1.0 to 1, is this reflected by the definition? The Regional/Community
Commercial designation includes areas in the Downtown as well as in other parts of the City
Because the current Downtown zoning at 1.0 to 1 is more restrictive, the zoning would apply
and consistency would be maintained. Further, since the FAR limits in the Land Use
definitions are applied to the entire area designated for that land use, and not to the specific
site, variations are acceptable on any given site. For example, it would still be possible to
approve a project of greater than 2.0 to 1 FAR. In the case of the Downtown area, numerous
properties exceed even the 2.0 to 1 FAR, but the entire area averages less than 2.0 to 1. It
should be noted that the California Avenue area zoning permits a 2.0 to 1 FAR and is the
probable origin of this maximum. It would be possible, although very unlikely, to reestablish
a 2.0 to 1 FAR Downtown. This action would still be consistent with the Plan but would
need a separate environmental review and revisions to the Comprehensive Plan and Zoning
Ordinance.
Mixed Use Density: Would the Planning Commission recommendation to raise the
Mixed Use Land Use density to a maximum of 3.0 to 1 ever mean that it .would
automatically be applied to a property.? Mixed Use as a land use designation has not been
applied to any site. To do so would require a Map Amendment and attendant public
hearings. Placing the Mixed Use designation on a site does not automatically result in a right
-to a 3.0 to 1 FAR, since it is an "up to" maximum and would require review on a site-by-site
basis. The Commission increased the FAR with the intent to create more housing
opportunities in the areas along transit corridors and near multi-modal stations. Staff
recommends that the definition be further clarified by adding the following phrase to the end
of the defmition: "...with the increased FAR .to be used predominantly for residential
purposes."
CMR:433:97 Page 7 of 8
Scientific Names: Can the scientific names of plants and animals be included?
scientific names are in the EIR.
The
-RESOURCE IMPACT
Resolution of the issues covered in this report would not directly impact City resources.
However, adoption of the new Comprehensive Plan including items identified in this report
would have numerous impacts on City staffmg and fiscal resources.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
The response to the questions regarding Ronald McDonald House, Commercial Hotel
Overlay, Replacement housing, land use designations and traffic impacts, noise issues,
residential densities and mixed use densities contain policy implications. The recommended
wording change for Mixed Use land use defmition would clarify the intent of a proposed
land use policy.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
The Final EIR will be revised to exclude references to the Greenm. eadow neighborhood as
needing additional neighborhood park Iand. Other responses to questions in this staff report
do not affect the EIR that is to be reviewed and certified by the Council.
ATTACHMENTS
None
PREPARED BY:James E. Gilliland, Assistant Planning Official
Carl Stoffel, Transportation Engineer
Brian Dolan, Senior Planner
DEPARTMENT HEAD REVIEW:
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL: /
CC:Planning Commission
Former CPAC Members
Stanford University
Stanford Management Company
KENNETH R. SCH~BER
f rector of Plannin/~ anc~ ." Community En~nt
Manager
Speakers at the 9/29/97 and 9/30/97 City Council Meetings
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