HomeMy WebLinkAbout1998-08-03 City Council (21)City of Palo Alto
City Manager’s Report
TO:HONORABLE CITY COUNCIL
FROM: CITY MANAGER DEPARTMENT: CITY MANAGER
DATE:AUGUST 3, 1998 CMR: 332:98
SUBJECT:SAND HILL CORRIDOR IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS - APPROVAL
OF A CONTRACT FOR CONSULTING ARCHAEOLOGICAL
SERVICES
This is an informational report and no Council action is required:
BACKGROUND
Stanford University (Stanford) has the obligation, under the Development Agreement
approved by the City Council on June 30, 1997 and the voters on November 4, 1997 to
undertake extensive archaeological study in the Sand Hill Corridor, have construction
monitored for possible archaeological impacts and reimburse the City for an archaeological
consultant to oversee Stanford’s archaeological work. City and Stanford staff have
developed an approach whereby the City will contract with an archaeological consulting firm
to undertake the required work.
On May 21, 1998, the Finance Committee reviewed C~:243:98 ("Recommendation for
Changes to the Proposed 1998-99 Budget to Implement the Sand Hill Corridor Improvement
Projects") The staff report noted that a Request for Prop0sal (RFP)for Archaeological
Consulting Services had been issued and the specific 1998-99 budget modifications would
be brought to the Council in July 1998. On May 21, 1998, the Finance Committee concurred
with having the consultant contract proceed directly to Council so long as the contract was
not placed on the Consent Calendar.
In June 1998, discussions with the City Attorney clarified that this contract (as well as the
contracts for Senior Planner, Arborist and civil engineer) fall under provisions of the Palo
Alto Municipal Code that provides for City Manager approval of contracts for land
CMR 332:98 Page 1 of 4
development related specialized services that are paid for by a property owner/applicant.
Since all costs incurred will be paid out of funds deposited with the City by the property
owner, no budget action (i.e., inclusion in the regular City budget or approval of a Budget
Amendment Ordinance) is necessary.
DISCUSSION
City and Stanford staff discussions in early 1998 identified a strong desire by Stanford to
proceed with the required archaeological work in 1998. This direction is based on the
objective of providing as much time as possible for the archaeological work and minimizing
conflicts with future construction activity. Also, Stanford is proceeding this summer with
demolition of the vacant former Children’s Hospital buildings because of deteriorating
condition and attractiveness to vandalism. Removal of these buildings needs to be monitored
by an archaeologist. Once the buildings are removed, it will be possible to undertake
required archaeological investigation of the site including excavation of the remains of the
Stanford house and outbuildings that~ were partially destroyed in the 1906 earthquake.
City and Stanford staff agreed that the most expeditious way to handle the archaeological
work was to have one consultant under contract to the City. The alternative is to have
Stanford retain an expert and then the City retain a second expert to monitor the Stanford
consultant, This alternative approach would have the potential for conflicting and confusing
professional opinions.
The consultant selection process started with City and Stanford staff meeting with the staff
of the California Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC). A list of six potential
consultants was identified. Initial contacts were made to determine interest in submitting a
proposal, qualifications to do the work and potential conflicts of interest. Three consultants
were asked to submit bids. Two of the firms submitted a joint proposal and the third firm
also submitted a proposal. On Friday, May 29, the consultants were interviewed by a panel
including staff from the City, Stanford University and the Stanford Management Company.
The panel unanimously agreed that the proposal submitted by Pacific Legacy was the best
proposal and a contract should be prepared. Pacific Legacy’s proposed budget was slightly
lower than the competing proposal but the difference in cost was not a factor in the panel’s
decision.
The attached scope of services focuses on eight major tasks:
1.Archival Review and Preparation of an Archaeological Testing Plan;
2.Subsurface Testing and Evaluation;
3.Construction Monitoring;
4.Coordination with Native American Community Including Most Likely
Descendant;
CMR 332:98 Page 2 of 4
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6.
7.
8.
Excavation and Removal of Human Remains;
Artifact Recovery Program;
Submittal of Monthly Reports and Coordination;
Submittal of Final Report.
The consultant, City and Stanford will have an active process to meet and work with
representatives of the Native American community. The contract calls for the involvement
of Native American monitors during subsurface listing, artifact recovery work, excavation
and removal of human remains and construction work.
The contract budget is for $1,495,975 plus a $149,600 contingency. It is understood by the
consultant, Stanford and the City that the final cost will depend, in significant part, on what
is found during subsurface testing and evaluation and construction monitoring. If additional
work beyond the contingency amount is required to satisfy the Environmental Impact
Report’s mitigation measures, a contract amendment will be prepared.
Under the terms of the Development Agreement, Stanford will deposit $250,000 with the
City. As these funds are used to pay for consultant work, Stanford will provide additional
funds to the City for future consultant expenses.
RESOURCE IMPACT
All expenditures under this contract will be paid for by Stanford University over the term of the
contract.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
Work done under this contract is consistent with the requirements of the City’s approval of
the Sand Hill Corridor Projects. The contract does not involve any changes to City policies.
TIMELINE
Consultant work started on July 13, 1998 and will proceed consistent with the Scope of
Services and construction activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
This contract implements approved mitigation measures in the adopted Sand Hill Corridor
Project Final EIR. No subsequent environmental review or action is necessary.
ATTACHMENT
CMR 332:98 Page 3 of 4
Scope of Services from Contract with Pacific Legacy, Incorporated
PREPARED BY:
KENNETH R. SCHREIBER
Deputy City Manager/Special Projects
CITY MANAGER APPROVAL:
/ / JU~L
cc:Pacific Legacy (John Holson)
Stanford Management Company (Bob Reidy, Paula Kakimoto)
Stanford University (David Neuman, Laura Jones)
CMR 332:98 Page 4 of 4
SCOPE OF SERVICES: SAND HILL CORRIDOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTING CONTRACT
Task 1 - Sand Hill Corridor Project
TASK 1 -ARCHIVAL REVIEI’V AND PREPARATION OF AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL
TESTING PLAN
Scope of Services
Archival Review. Pacific Legacy will conduct a review of published and unpublished
literature and archival sources relevant to the archaeology of the Sand Hill Corridor
Project. These will be provided to Pacific Legacy by the Campus Archaeologist. These
will include preliminary site reports, partial and completed laboratory analysis, student
papers, theses, maps, field notes, site catalogs and photographs on file with the Campus
Archaeologist. Pacific Legacy is also aware that the Department of Anthropology staff
have excavated archaeological sites on the Stanford campus in conjunction with
academic programs. These records, if available, will also be examined.
Pacific Legacy anticipates that the literature, review will provide the necessary
background for developing the archaeological testing plan (ATP). The ATP will include
plans for archaeological rnonitoring and data recovery. Pacific Legacy assumes that for
the project, large scale construction maps will be available for plotting all archaeological
work completed with the project area. Pacif!’c Legacy will develop a catalog of all written
material regarding sites in the project area in consultation with the Campus
Archaeologist. PaciJTc Legacy will conduct a detailed field visit to become more familiar
with the project area historic and prehistoric sites. Pacific Legaq/will also request
appropriate available geotechnical reports to aid in identifying prehistoric or historic
deposits in specific soils contexts.
Completion of Archival Review and Proposal for Further Work. The archaeological
testing plan will contain several elements. The plan will (1) identify gaps in existing.
data, (2) ascertain which site areas have not been adequately sampled by previous
subsurface archaeological investigations, (3) identify assessment strategies that may be
necesgary to document site integrity and data potentials in those areas either not
previously sampled (e.g., under existing buildings) or inadequately sampled. This
section of the treatment plan will serve to focus data recovery efforts in areas that have
high data potentials. The plan will serve to integrate existing i~fformation and conduct
of the project over the term of the project. The plan will also include site-specific testing
plans and methods consistent wi[h those defined in EIR mitigation measure 4.3.1(b).
The plan, at a minimum, would discuss the following issues, (1) project description, (2)
rationale for moving for~4"ard with the data recover}, effort, (3) summary of the results
to date, (4) context for further evaluation, (5) research design, (6) methods, and (7) other
information as appropriate.
The ATP ,,viii also address the proposed data recovery at selected sites, mitigation
monitoring program and inadvertent discovery plan. The monitoring section, at a
minimum, will define (1) the mapped locations of known cultural resources, (2) the
construction zones to be monitored, (3) archaeological monitor qualifications, (4) ’
notification procedures, (5) authority and protocols to halt construction activities, and
(6) monitoring documentation procedures.
The ATP will include an inadvertent discovery plan (IDP). The IDP will be the burial
treatment plan developed in consultation with Campus Archaeologist, City, Native
American groups and other interested parties. The IDP will include (1) notification and
coordination protocols, (2) burial treatment policy and procedures, (3) assessments of
significance and project effects, (4) collections methods, (5) report writing and records.
management procedures and (6) an unanticipated discovery assessment/treatment
schedule
Deliverable: The Archaeological Testing plan will be a single document and will
include following sections: (1) Project Description; (2) Status of CEQA Compliance; (3)
Historic Context for Resource Evaluation; (4) Research Design; (5) Methods; (6) Native
American Consultation Protocol, (7) Monitoring Plan and (8) Inadvertent Discovery
Plan; and other information as appropriate.
Assumptions:
1)The City and SMC will provide access to materials housed at Stanford University
campus;
2)The City, SMC and Campus Archaeologist will assist Pacific Legacy in obtaining
copies of all published or unpublished student papers, catalogs, maps, site
records or other documentation regarding prehistoric and historic sites within
the Sand Hill Corridor project;
3)Pacific Legacy will not publish any data regarding the Sand Hill Corridor sites
without the prior written permission of the City, SMC and the University; and,
4)All materials written or otherwise collected for the Sand Hill Corridor project
will comprise part of the curated collections of the project.
Schedule:
90 days from Notice to Proceed
Cost:
see attached spreadsheet
Archaeology Tasks - Sand Hill Corridor Project Page2of 21
Task 2 - Sand Hill Corridor Project
TASK 2 - SUBSURFACE TESTING AND EVALUATION
Implementation of the ATP(Task 1) will involve Phase I subsurface archaeological
testing at appropriate sites, and preparing a Phase I testing report. It is recommended
that a phased approach to site evaluation would be the most efficient and cost-effective
way to proceed. In addition to more traditional archaeological methods such as hand
excavation, our approach would entail using backhoe trenching and mechanical auger
boring to determine site boundaries, integrity and site structure. Specific approaches to
be employed at each site will be outlined in the ATP. Field methods will be designed
according to extant information regarding the nature and data potentials of the sites in
the project area.,
We assume an excavation rate of 1.0 m3 per day for a team of four workers given the
nature of the soils in the Santa Clara Valley. Our estimates include both controlled and
rapid recovery techniques (see below). We also have assumed approximately 25 meters
of trench three meters deep can be excavated daily by backhoe. Lab time is estimated at
about 35 percent of field time due to the volume of material expected from the sites for
this phase. Work will focus on the Level I zone of sensitivity during this phase of the
investigations. The actual Phase I scope of work will be better determinedafter
preparation of the ATP.
Table I presents Pacific Legacy’s best estimate of the level of effort and types of activities
to be conducted at each site for the Phase I data recovery effort based on our meeting
with the City, SMC and Campus archaeologist on June 9, 1998. Work projected at each
site is based on available site records and field inspection of the sites. Pacific Legacy
expects that most of the proposed work will be restricted to areas where construction
footings or other subsurface construction features will be installed and to areas which
have not been sampled previously: Subsurface exploration figures for each site (Table 1
- proposed action) are estimates and may change depending on field conditions, and
the nature of archaeological discoveries. Pacific Legacy full), expects adjustments to the
scope of work shown in Table I based on the results of Task 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, our research in preparation of this proposal suggests that
the majority of the Phase I data recovery work will be focused in the Stanford West
Senior Housing area. This is consistent with EIR mitigation measure 4.3.1(c) in order to
determine ifsignificant archaeological deposits lie within areas not explored previously.
The majority of the work proposed will aid in determining whether features of the
Gordon or Stanford estate lie beneath the Old Children’s Hospital. The archaeological
work for the Stanford West Apartment area will focus on the southern edge of the sites
likely to be impacted by construction. For the roadway sites, we suggest data recovery
or minimal work for site boundary definition at two sites at which there has been
limited archaeological testing completed. With the exception of CA-SCL-609, we
Archueology Tasks - S:md l-lilt Corridor Project Page
propose no work at the roadway sites because the data at hand seem adequate to
knowledgeably manage the resources; The methods proposed for exploration of these
sites should confirm whether significant deposits exist. While Table 1 indicates specific
work techniques, these are only guidelines and will not be known until after Task 1 is
completed.
General Field Methods
It is recommended that flexible strategies to evaluate sites would be the most efficient
and cost effective way to proceed and still be in compliance with EIR mitigation
measures. This may entail backhoe trenching or mechanical auger boring of a site area
to determine integrity and site structure, as well as using more traditional
archaeological methods such as hand excavation. Historical research will be completed
for the historic sites in order to guide archaeological field studies.
At sites where subsurface work is proposed, plotting areas of known previous
disturbance, in consultation with the Campus Archaeologist and construction
engineers, is recommended. Further, all previous subsurface investigation features
should be plotted, based on existing data, in order to compile asingle reference map
depicting disturbed portions of all relevant archaeological sites. Prior to the start of
subsurface work, an intensive surface collection will be carried out at the sites, if
appropriate. Artifact locations and surface concentrations of cultural materials will be
marked and mapped. Surface distributions of artifacts and other cultural constituents
may be informative for the placement of subsurface excavations.
To determine rapidly if Undisturbed deposits exist within Level I sensitivity areas, a
variety of subsurface exploration techniques are recommended. Mechanical trenching
using a backhoe and small bucket (24" or less) is recommended at all sites. Trenching
would take place at appropriate intervals in areas of exposed ground surface. The
purpose of mechanical trenching wil! be to rapidly provide stratigraphic exposures to
reveal the presence or absence of in situ cultural deposits and to delineate site
boundaries. The nature of the soils, depth/thickness of cultural deposits, constituents,
disturbance to site deposits and other appropriate observations will be documented.
Use of a smaller grader or bulldozer is recommended to locate large historic features.
This would only be done in consultation with the Campus Archaeologist. Color
photographic prints (35 mm format) of stratigraphic exposures and soil profile
drawings will be prepared as appropriate.
Mechanical auger boring may be used to determine the presence or absence of cultural
deposits in areas where mechanical trenching is not feasible. However, given the
information already collected for the sites, auger boring would not be a significant
component of the Phase 1 data recovery p~ogtam. For example, at CA-SCL-464, the
Archaeology Tasks - Sand 11ill Corridor Pro.ject Page 4 of 21
density of materials collected from the peripheral area of the site is not great. It is our
opinion that auger bores would be of little value in defining site margins because an
adequate volume of soil cannot be recovered in order to capture sparse artifacts or other
cultural constituents. Auguring may be valuable in locating buried, conspicuous
culturally modified soils. If auger boring is conducted, bore samples will be excavated
in 20 cm depths and soils will be screened to discover any cultural material.
Constituent materials from auger spoils will be documented and/or collected.
Exploration of potentially productive areas identified after surface inspection and gross
exploratory methods normally would begin with the excavation of Surface Transect
Units (STU). STU excavation is intended to determine artifact densities and generally
proceeds in 10 to 20-centimeter lev.els. Due to the alluvial deposition noted in site
records, during a site visit and in consideration of surface disturbance to the sites, it is
likely, that this type of prospecting excavation rnethod would be used sparingly. Soils
excavated from STU’s will be dry-screened through 3 or 6 millimeter mesh hardware
cloth. Recovered cultural materials will be retained and densities noted to ascertain the
variability in density of cultural constituents of deposits in sampled areas.
More controlled techniques of excavation will be used in areas identified by surface
inspection and excavation of STUs with high potential for recovery of materials. Rapid
Recovery Units (RRU) will be used to quickly exposure soil profiles or to selectively
recover cultural and other materials. Soils will be excavated in 20 or 40-centimet6r
levels and screened using 6 millimeter screen mesh. Using a larger excavation
increment and screen size would expedite inspection of a greater volume.of soil and
would expedite the discovery and isolation of cultural features or productive strata.
Formed flake tools, obsidian debitage, and faunal material would be retained in the
field. Selective recovery of cultural remains may be performed, depending on the
density, perceived redundancy of i~fformation, or stratigraphic integrity as determined
in consultation with the Campus Archaeologist.
Control Excavation Units (CEU) will be excavated in 10-centimeter arbitrary levels,
unless cultural or natural stratigraphy dictates otherwise. All cultural materials will be
retained from control units with the possible exception of abundant debitage from
quarry sites. Soils front CEUs will be sifted using 3 or 6 rnillimeter mesh screen. In
consultation with the Campus Archaeologist, wet screeningmav be conducted.
All units will beexcavated [o a minimum of 10 centimeters below the cultural deposit,
unless precluded either by impenetrable soil or geological formations, or a distinctive
culturally sterile stratum has been reached. Soils will be loosened using shovels,
trowels and other small hand tools, and dry screened through shaker screens fitted with
the appropriate mesh hardware cloth. Flotation and carbon samples will be taken if
appropriate. On completion of excavation units, a unit stratigraphic profile drawing
Archaeology Tasks- Sand ttill Corridor Project Page 5 of 21
will be prepared.
Excavated or surface collected materials will be placed in marked level bags, by level,
and submitted to the field supervisor along with the level documentation at the end of
each work day. Artifacts found in situ will be recorded separately and placed in
individual bags within the unit level bag. All identified subsurface features shall be
individually documented, photographed and mapped in both plan view or profile, as
necessary.
Black and white photographs and color slides (35-mm format) Will be taken during all
phases of the investigations for all pertinent features, material concentrations and
general work. Photo logs will be maintained and photographs catalogued. All photo
processing will be done professionally, using standard and uniform formats. One
contact sheet of each roll of black-and-white negatives will be made and properly
identified. Black-and-white negatives will be submitted in numbered, flat, transparent
plastic storage sheets. Each plastic storage sheet will be numbered and cross-referenced
to a master index so that individual frames and sheets, may be located by individuals
unfamiliar with the data. Some photography may be performed with digital still
camera with images archived and reproduced electronically.
Mapping of artifacts, features; mechanical trenching, and excavation units will be
conducted from, or referenced to, a primary mapping datum at each site. This datum
will be used to reference horizontal and vertical provenience control, locations of
collected artifacts and excavation units. The datum point will be permanently affixed
on, or set into, the ground so that it will not be altered or destroyed. Secondary datum
points will be referenced to the primary site datum. To the extent possible, mapping
references will be co-ordinated with construction engineering references. All distance,
depth, and height measurements will be in metric unit measures.
Existing planometric maps will be used as a base map for these investigations. The
provenience of all sampling units will be tied into this base map and unique
designations will be used for reference points. Mapping grid reference will be to true
north where appropriate.
The following records will be completed: (1) general site photographs taken before,
during, and at the completion of excavation work; (2) daily excavation records and field
notes for each unit and level; (3) feature records; and (4) field supervisor’s daily notes.
When the excavation at a particular location has been completed, all screened dirt will
be used to backfill the excavation unit.
The EIR calls for a grid to be superimposed over each site, and this will be done using
transit and stadia rod or similar equipment (e.g., electronic transit). Contiguous
Archaeology Tasks- Sand Hill Corridor Project Page 6 of 21
excavation units will be designated in numerical order based on the type of feature
encountered (i.e. rock feature, house foundation). Based on mapping provided by the
Campus Archaeologist, existing planometric maps appear to be generally adequate for
locating.features. Specific maps of cultural will be completed. Areal exposures,
features, topographic information, burials and other information as appropriate will be
recorded with bearing and distance from a known datum point or points.
All Pacific Legacy personnel will meet the qualifications published in "Archaeology and
Historic Preservation: Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines," (Federal Register,
Vol. 48, No. 190, September 29, 1983). Pacific Legacy’s field methods and compliance
documents will follow the OHP guidelines published as Archaeological Resource
Management Reports (ARMR): Recommended Contents and Format and Guidelines for
Archaeological Research Designs.
Schedule:
To be determined after completion of Task I
Cost:
see attached spreadsheet
Archaeology Tasks - Sand Hill Corridor Project Page q of 21
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Task 3 -Sand Hill Corridor Proj ect
TASK 3 - CONSTRUCTION MONITORING
Scope of Services
Pacific Legacy is providing cost estimates for construction monitoring for the Stanford
West Apartments, Stanford Senior Housing, Sand Hilt Road Extension and Related
Roadway Improvements and Shopping Center project. Construction monitors will
work with construction crews. The City has evaluated the archaeological sensitivity of
the various construction areas and has determined the need for an archaeological
monitor as indicated in the EIR. Pacific Legacy has budgeted for a total of 320 days for
construction monitoring based on information provided in the EIR and RFP. We
understand that the need for a monitor will be based on consultation with the City,
SMC and Campus archaeologisL
Prior to the initiation of construction or ground disturbiflg activities, SMC and the City
will alert all construction personnel to tee possibility of buried cultural remains,
advised of tee protocols for reporting discoveries, and instructed as to the authority of
the monitor to halt demolition or construction in the vicinity of any significant
discovery of prehistoric or historic resources. Upon discovery of a significant find, the
monitor will immediately notify the Campus Archaeologist and Pacific Legacy’s
Principal Investigator. The City, upon consultation with the Campus Archaeologist,
SMC and the Principal Investigator will evaluate and mitigate in-tpacts to the find.
Pacific Legacy routinely completes the daily field log for all of its survey, monitoring and
excavation work. Example in our original proposal will be modified to suit the needs of
the City. The archaeological monitor will also be responsible for completing a daily
field log which will be retained on site while the monitor is there. Daily field logs will
be included as an appendix to the monthly status report. The number of monitors
present on a demolition or construction site on any given day will depend on the type,
intensity an.d spatial distribution of activities being conducted and the archaeological
sensitivity of the particular area. Determination of the appropriate number of monitors
and level of monitoring effort will be done by Pacific Legacy in consultation with the
City, SMC and Campus Archaeologist.
Native American monitors will be included for work on the Sand Hill archaeological
sites. Pacific Legacy has developed training programs for Native Americans which
. includes recognition of archaeological features. We expect to hire from the local
community and have worked with a number of Native Americans who have experience
on the Star,ford Campus. We will consult with the City, SMC and Campus
Archaedlogist regarding the 1-tiring procedures for the Native American monitors. The
role and responsibility of the Native American monitors will be clearly defined in
writing in the ATP. This would be completed in consultation with the City and the
Archaeology Tasks - Sand HilI Corridor Project Page 1to1"21
Campus Archaeologist. Preparation of this document ahead of time could prevent
costly construction delays that might otherwise occur while protocols and
responsibilities are negotiated after a find has been made.
Schedule
To be determined
Costs:
see attached spreadsheet
,Archaeo ogy Tasks - Sand Hill Corridor Project Page 12 of 2l
Task 4 - Sand Hill Corridor Project.
TASK 4 - COORDINATION WITH NATIVE AMERICAN COMMUNITY
INCLUDING MOST LIKELY DESCENDANT
Scope of Services
Pacific Legacy has budgeted for consultation with the Native American community and
the appointed Most Likely Descendent (MLD) for a two year period beginning in 1998.
Beyond 2000 it is anticipated that coordination can be completed as part of Task 7,
Monthly Reports.
Pacific Legacy realizes the benefits of early consultation with interested Native
American individuals and groups and will work with the Campus Archaeologist and
the California Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC)to identify those
groups. We have budgeted for two information meetings for interested parties. Initial
contact will be via letter with a folloW-up telephone call prior to the informational
meetings.
For purposes of this proposal, the NAHC in Sacramento was consulted regarding
potential Native American contacts in Santa Clara and San Mateo counties. Pacific
Legacy will consult with the NAHC regarding any changes to the list once the Notice to
Proceed has been issued. In consultation with the Campus Archaeologist, Pacific Legacy
will provide the City with a contact list prior to any consultation.
Pacific Legacy will consult with the designated MLD regarding any activities involving
liuman remains or funerary objects. If buried human remains are encountered during
any phase of construction, work in that immediate area will halt, and City and the
coroner immediately notified. If the remains are determined to be Native American,
then the NAHC will be notified within 24 hours as requiredby Public Resources Code
5097. The NAHC will identify and notify a designated MLD who will provide
recommendations for the treatment of the remains within 24 hours. As required by
Public Resources Code 5097.4(k), the NAHC will mediate any disputes regarding
treatment of remains. When human remains are subsequently found, the City, SMC,
Campus Archaeologist and coroner will be notified and if the remains are of a Native
American, the designated MLD will be consulted within 24 hours. Pacific Legacy
intends to provide opportunities for Native Americans who are interested and
qualified, to participate in the excavation of human remains.
Paci~’c Legacy will prepare a guidelines checklist for the City regarding co-ordination
with the Native American comn-tunity at project milestones. This will also include a
discussion of Native American issues and regulatory reporting requirement.s based on
our discussions with the City, interested Native American and the Campus
Archaeologist who has coordinated those activities on past projects.
Schedule: Year 1998, 1999 and 2000
Cost: see attached spreadsheet
Archaeology Tasks - Sand Hill Corridor Project Page 14 of 21
Task 5 - Sand Hill Corridor Project
TASK 5 - EXCAVATION AND REMOVAL OF HUMAN REMAINS
Scope of Services
Pacific Legacy is well aware of the cultural sensitivities associated with removing human
remains and will instruct crew members to treat remains with respect. We anticipate
that human remains will be encountered. When human remains are found, Pacific
Legacy will stop work at that specific location and notify the coroner, City, SMC and
Campus Archaeologist as soon as possible. Prior to the start of fieldwork Pacific Legacy
will consult with the City to determine proper communications protocols for notifying
the coroner, the Native American Heritage Commission and/or the MLD as required
by the EIR and state law.
While protocols still have to be identified, we can offer a general program for treatment
of human ren-tains after excavation. Specific procedures will be developed in the ATP.
Proposed excavation methods for burial and/or features will be consistent with those
developed in Task 1. Unit size will be dependent on the size of feature encountered.
Soils will be loosened with hand tools, and dry screened tl~rough shaker screens fitted
with the appropriate mesh hardware cloth. In the case of burials 1/8-inch mesh screen
will be used as identified in the ATP. Flotation and carbon samples will be taken if
appropriate.
Human remains and funerary Objects will be kept apart from other archaeologically
excavated cultural materials, midden constituents, etc. Excavated or surface collected
materials will be placed in bags with provenience data clearly marked and submitted to
Pacific Legacy’s field supervisor along with other documentation at the end of each
work day. In sit~t artifacts wilt be recorded separately and placed in individual bags
within the unit level bag. All identified subsurface features shall be individually
documented, photographed and mapped in both plan view or profile, as necessary.
Location reference will be to a permanent datum or subdatum.
Black-and-white photographs and color slides (35-ram format) will be taken during all
phases of the investigations for all pertinent features, material concentrations, and
general work in the area of human remains. Photo logs will be maintained and
exposures catalogued. All processing shall be done professionally, using standard and
uniform formats. One contact sheet of each roll of black-and-white negatives will be
made and properly identified. Black-and-white negatives will be submitted in
numbered, flat, transparent plastic storage sheets. Each plastic storage sheet will be
numbered and cross-referenced to a master index so that individual frames and sheets
may be located by individuals unfamiliar with the data.
Archaeology Tasks - Sand !fill Cm’ridor Pro.iect Page 15 of 21
If allowed by the MLD, we propose to conduct non-destructive osteological analyses on
materials recovered. Dr. Hager will supervise the analysis at our Albany office. We
have attached the forms in our original proposal we intend to use for the initial bone
inventory, cranial measurements, posbcranial measurements, dental measurements and
non-metric traits. In general, all materials (human remains and associated artifacts)
will be cleaned only to the extent necessary to permit analysis. Burial associated grave
goods will be kept with the individual remains and retained in clean archive boxes. The
MLD is encouraged to visit our lab should they decide to do this.
Unless specifically authorized in writing by the MLD, no destructive studies Of human
bone will be undertaken and human remains shall not be analyzed beyond basic
identification and non-disturbing recordation procedures in the field.
The attached budget is to complete dating of the remains using the Accelerator Mass
Spectrometry (AMS) tecl-mique. This is a destructive technique for dating of bone
material which includes bone collagen extraction should such analyses be permitted.
We also propose to analyze the material for C13/12 stable isotope ratios to determine, if
possible, any dietary implications. This is completed in conjunction with the AMS
dating. We plan to use Beta Analytic for this analysis. Non-destructive X-ray
fluorescence spectrometry is proposed to determine the source.of any obsidianfound
with human remains. We also would propose to measure the obsidian hydration rind
on obsidian specimens. This is a destructive technique that, at a minimum, would leave
a cut in the body of the artifact. Any proposed destructive analyzes would have to be
approved by the Most Likely Descendant.
Paci~c Legacy realizes that the excavation of human remains is a very sensitive issue and
will abide by the wishes of the MLD. We have based our budget on the example given
in our original proposal and the assumption of MLD concurrence with our approach.
The budget proposed assumes that four person days are required to complete the
excavation of one set of human osteological remains.
Schedule: To be determined based on when human remains are encountered.
Cost: See attached spreadsheet
Archaeology Tasks - Sand Hill Corridor Pro.ject Page t6 ot" 21
Task 6 - Sand Hill Corridor Proi ect
TASK 6 ’ ARTIFACT RECOVERY PROGRAM
Pacific Legacy views this task as a Phase 2 data recovery program and for which
additional work may be defined after Task 2 has been completed. Site-specific
approaches are not offered at this time because the formulation of such are dependent
on the results of Tasks I and 2. Methods to be used for this task have been explicated
as part of Task 2. Anticipated analytical studies, curation and cataloging can be found
in Task 8. The research design guiding the additional studies will have been written in
Task 1, development of the ATP. For purposes of this proposal, we have based our
budget for this task on the assumption that 150 m3 of cultural deposit (historic and
prehistoric) will have to be examined. We assume that per day, a team of four
excavators wil! be able to process 1.Ore3 of soil in the field. We have also included time
for processing of materials associated with features consistent with those collected
during. University sponsored testing as requested by the Campus Archaeologist.
Schedule: To be determined based on Tasks I and 2
Cost see attached spreadsheet
Archaeology Tasks - Sand Hill Corridor Project Page 17 of 21
Task Order 7 - Sand Hill Corridor Project
TASK 7 -SUBMITTAL OF MONTHLY REPORTS AND COORDINATION
Scope of Services
Several levels of reporting will be completed by Pacific Legacy under this contract.
Records will be kept on a daily basis which will include, at a minimum, date, work
location, duties performed, crew roster, time reported in and out, visitors and their
affiliation, vehicles, work area, discoveries, observations, problems and attachments
such as supplementary reporting forms or accident reports. The daily record form will
be completed for all phases of archaeological activity conducted for the SHCP. These
will be mailed monthly with a written report to the City and SMC.
Within six days after the month end, Pacific Legacy will prepare a brief letter report
detailing the results of the previous month’s work on the project. Pacific Legacy
understar~ds that this letter report will include a description of work accomplished by
phase, work completed and a summary of any significant findings. Daily logs will be
appended to the letter report..
We assume that there will be meetings or other reporting efforts over the four year term
of the contract. We have budgeted to coordinate with the City, SMC, Campus
Archaeologist, Native American groups, the MLD, the NAHC and others as
appropriate. This may include meetings, work progress inquiries not covered in
monthly reports and conflict resolution~
Schedule: 1998,1999,2000,2001
Cost: see attached spreadsheet
Archaeology Tasks - Sand HilI Corridor Project Page 18 of 21
Task 8 - Sand Hill Corridor Project
TASK 8 - SUBMITTAL OF FINAL REPORT
Scope of Services
We propose to begin compiling the final report in 1999 with completion 180 days after
the field components of the project are ended. We estimate that this will be mid-year
2003 based on the schedule provided by the SMC. Pacific Legacy will start preparing
sections of the report after a particular component of the project is completed. In this
w.ay, writing will be conducted concurrently as other components of construction move
forward. Pacific Legacy’s compliance documents will follow the State Office of Historic
Preservation (SOHP) guidelines published as Archaeological Resource Management Reports
(ARMR): Recommended Contents and Format, CEQA Guidelines Appendices K and G, and
the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines. The report will include results of
all phases of the project including Phase I and Phase 2 data recovery, inadvertent
discoveries, monitoring efforts and removal of human remains. Pacific Legacy
understands that the results of previou~ Stanford excavations in the project area will be
integrated into the report. Graphics, photographic plates, illustrations and mapping
will be included as appropriate.
One of the largest tasks to be undertaken will be the analysis and cataloguing of
collected materials from previous Stanford excavations and the current project for
discussion in the final report. We assume that cataloging, preparation for curation and
analysis will be completed under this task for materials from the Stanford collections
and those collected during construction of the project.
All collected materials will be cleaned as appropriate, sorted by class for material
identification, briefly described and cataloged with an accession number. Collected
materials will be assigned a prefix and numbered sequentially consistent with the
requirements of Campus Archaeology Curation Facility, the intended curation facility.
Materials cataloged by lot (i.e., debitage, or/and flake categories) will be given an
alphabetical designation if selected for special analysis. The data base and catalog will
be structured to include, at a minimum, the accession number, material Class (i.e., bone,
shell, stone), provenience by unit, depth and feature, count, weight in grams, and a
section for remarks. Individual artifacts will be measured, weighed, and described.
Measurements for prehistoric materials will use the metric scale. This is somewhat
different then the current Stanford University cataloging but is transferable to the Excel
.catalog program developed by Pacific Legacy. In preparation for this proposal,
conversations with Dr. Jones suggested that not all materials were cataloged but rather
were prepared consistent with the research objectives of the particular project. Pacific
Legacy will consult with Dr. Jones regarding the most expedient way to catalog the
extant Stanford collections.
Archaeolog.v Tasks - Sand Hill Co~ridoi" Pro.iect Page 19 of 21
Approximately 119 boxes of materials have been retained by Stanford from sites CA-
SCL-287, CA-SCL-464, CA-SCL-584, CA-SCL-586, CA-SCL-591, CA-SCL-623 and CA-
SMA-263. We assume that materials from the Stanford excavations at CA-SCL-613 will
not need cataloging (cf. Jones 1997) and will involve minimal data integration into the
final report..We assume that some level of cleaning, cataloging and analysis will have
to be conducted on approximately 65 percent of the materials from the existing SHCP
collections now housed by Stanford.
After cataloging and preliminary identification has been completed, the types of
analytical studies to be performed are based on the anticipated recovery of artifact
classes described in the site records, preliminary reports and catalogs provided by the
Campus Archaeologist to Pacific Legacy. These are discussed below.
Time-Sensitive Artifacts. Chronologically sensitive artifacts (e.g., projectile points, shell
beads) will be classified following established regional typological schemes.
Debitage/Formal Tool Analysis. Analysis of debitage and formal tools may delineate
production and manufacturing trajectories. It is expected that chert wil! dominate the
debitage assemblage. Debitage counts and weights will be sun-tmarized by unit, depth
and materials type. The results shall be segregated by screen size used.
Where possible, flaked stone tools will be discussed in terms of accepted Bay Area
regional typologies. Technological analysis, if appropriate, will be conducted to
identify and describe the flaked stone tool technology(ies) observed in the collection.
Tool distributions will be Summarized by unit and depth. The distributional data will
be used, at a minimum, to assess deposit mixture, define assemblage and component
constituents, and infer the functional nature of site components. In selecting specimens
for obsidian hydration and sourcing, consideration will be given to inferred flaked
stone technologies and manufacturing processes to ensure that the data requirements of
specific research questions are satisfied to the fullest extent possible.
Battered and Ground Stone Artifacts. It is anticipated that materials such as pestles,
handstones and mortars may be collected. Where possible, battered and ground stone
artifacts will be classified and discussed in terms of accepted regional types.
Distribution data will be used to, at a minimum, assess deposit mixture, define
assemblages and components and infer the functional nature of site components.
Obsidian Source Determination. XRF spectrometry will be used to distinguish obsidian
sources that cannot be confidently assigned to a source by visual techniques. It is
anticipated that a mixture of Sierra and North Coast ranges obsidian will dominate the
debitage and flaked stone tool collectior~. Pacific Legacy can complete these studies in
house,
Obsidian Hydration Rim Analysis. Obsidian hydration rim analysis will be conducted
Archaeology Tasks- Sand t lillCorridorPrtLiect Page 20o1" 21
on formal tools, and, if appropriate, on a sample of debitage from each site. If
appropriate, source specific obsidian hydration rim readings will be discussed with
regard to proposed relative and/or experimentally derived hydration dates which have
been developed (Origer 1982; Tremiane 1989). Rim readings will be used in conjunction
with other data to assess deposit mixture, define assemblage components, and infer the
functional nature of site components.
Faunal Analysis. Fragmentary large and small mammal bone, shell and fish bone are
anticipated to make up the majority of collected faunal materials. Faunal specimens of
sufficient size will be identified to genus, species, element and condition whenever
possible. Any bone modification (e.g., cut marks) will be described. Analysis shall
include description, quantification, and interpretation of identified remains.
Floral Analysis. We have budgeted for up to 50 samples to be processed for floral seed
identification for all tasks. Pacific Legacy proposes to use Dr. Juila Hammet as a
subconsultant.
Schedule: Begin in 1999
Costs: see attached spreadsheet
Archaeology Tasks - Sand Hill Corridor Project Page 21 of 21