HomeMy WebLinkAboutStaff Report 2308-1934Item No. 4. Page 1 of 6
Utilities Advisory Commission
Staff Report
From: Dean Batchelor, Director Utilities
Lead Department: Utilities
Meeting Date: September 6, 2023
Staff Report: 2308-1934
TITLE
Overview of Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (S/CAP) Activities To-Date and Discussion of
Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan Policy Guidelines
RECOMMENDATION
This is a discussion item and no Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) recommendation is
requested
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
On June 5, 2023 the City Council adopted the S/CAP and the 2023 – 2025 S/CAP Work Plan (Staff
Report 2303-1158)1. Some background on the activities leading to adoption of these documents
is included below, as well as an overview of City programs currently in progress that contribute
to achieving the S/CAP goals, Work Plan items relevant to the City’s utilities, and an overview of
how the Work Plan is being implemented.
The S/CAP Work Plan includes a work plan item to complete an evaluation of the reliability and
resiliency of the electric infrastructure and systems necessary to support planned electrification
(1.B. Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan, see page 6 of the Work Plan). The UAC will be the
primary oversight body involved in this study. On June 5, 2023, as part of the Work Plan, Council
adopted the Policy Guidelines for Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan Development
(Appendix D of the Work Plan, page 40, also included in Attachment A). Staff intends to develop
the Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan in line with these Policy Guidelines. This staff report
describes how staff tentatively intends to proceed. Staff is seeking feedback from the UAC on
its implementation plan and any technologies, processes, or policies that it wants staff to ensure
are included in the plan, consistent with the policy guidelines.
1 Staff Report 2303-1158 Item 14
https://cityofpaloalto.primegov.com/meeting/document/1906.pdf?name=Item%2014%20Staff%20Report
Item No. 4. Page 2 of 6
BACKGROUND
In April 2016, City Council adopted the goal of reducing GHG emissions 80 percent below 1990
levels by 20302 (the “80 x 30” goal), and in October 2022 Council adopted the ambitious goal of
achieving carbon neutrality by 20303. In November 2016 Council adopted the S/CAP
Framework4, which has served as the road map for achieving Palo Alto’s sustainability goals. In
December 2017, Council accepted the 2018-2020 Sustainability Implementation Plan “Key
Actions” as a summary of the City’s work program5.
In early 2020, the City launched an S/CAP update to determine the goals and key actions needed
to meet its sustainability targets, including the 80 x 30 goal. While GHG emissions reduction is
not the only goal of the S/CAP, it is the major one. On October 3, 2022 the Council accepted the
Goals and Key Actions recommended by the S/CAP Committee. Staff began California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review of the S/CAP based on these Goals and Key Actions.
In parallel, the 2023-2025 Work Plan was reviewed by the Council Ad Hoc S/CAP Committee and
Working Group recommended approval to Council. On June 5, 2023 the S/CAP was approved,
including the Goals and Key Actions, along with the CEQA review and the 2023-2025 S/CAP Work
Plan. Attachment B provides a detailed history of the S/CAP to date.
The City already operates a variety of programs and projects that further the current S/CAP
goals. These include programs central to reducing GHG emissions, including active
transportation programs, the purchase of renewable energy, and programs to help residents
electrify their homes and vehicles. One prominent program is the Advanced Heat Pump Water
Heater Pilot Program. These programs have been operated using existing City staff augmented
by additional positions approved by Council in the FY 2022 Mid-Year Budget Amendment
Ordinance and the FY 2023 Budget. The programs use a variety of funding sources including the
General Fund, utility funds, grants, and dedicated revenue sources such as Low Carbon Fuel
Standard revenues and revenues related to the City’s participation in the State’s Cap and Trade
program.
The implementation of these programs is currently a cross-departmental effort led by the Office
of Sustainability, part of the City’s Public Works Department. The Utilities Department is heavily
involved in the community-focused aspects of the Climate Action section of the plan.
As a result of various City-led initiatives, programs, and activities focused on climate change and
sustainability, by the end of 2021 Palo Alto reduced GHG emissions an estimated 53.9 percent
from the 1990 baseline, despite a population increase of 19.5 percent during that same time.
2 Staff Report 6754 Item 10 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/files/assets/public/agendas-minutes-
reports/reports/city-manager-reports-cmrs/year-archive/2016/id-6754.pdf
3 Staff Report 14720 Item 9 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/files/assets/public/agendas-minutes-reports/agendas-
minutes/city-council-agendas-minutes/2022/20221003/20221003accsm-amended-presentations.pdf#page=131
4 Staff Report 7304 Item 9 https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/files/assets/public/agendas-minutes-reports/agendas-
minutes/city-council-agendas-minutes/2022/20221003/20221003accsm-amended-presentations.pdf#page=131
5 2018-2020 Sustainability Implementation Plan
https://www.cityofpaloalto.org/files/assets/public/sustainability/policies-and-plans/2018-2020-sustainability-
implementation-plan-with-council-amendments.pdf
Item No. 4. Page 3 of 6
ANALYSIS
Work Item 1.B. (Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan) in the 2023-2025 S/CAP Work Plan6 is
to
develop a Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan using the Policy Guidelines in Appendix D of
the Work Plan7. These Policy Guidelines include the following objectives:
•Maintain and improve electric system reliability
•Improve utility outage communication
•Prepare the electric system for increased penetration of solar, batteries, electric
vehicles and chargers, electrified building equipment, and similar new
technologies
•Optimize the use of local grid capacity in a cost-effective way
•Promote technologies and behaviors that contribute to the efficient and
reliable operation of the statewide and local electric system
The Policy Guidelines also includes a number of concepts to be explored as part of the Strategic
Plan. Based on these objectives and concepts staff expects to divide the work on the Reliability
and Resiliency Strategic Plan as follows, with the results of all tasks summarized in a final
document:
Task 1: System Reliability, Outage Response, and Capacity Building
This task includes evaluating measures to improve system reliability and outage
communication and prepare the electric grid for new technologies and widespread
electrification:
•Addressing utility workforce issues
•Replacing aging infrastructure as part of a grid modernization plan
•Installing additional switching and other solutions to improve reliability and
recovery from outages as part of a grid modernization effort
•Improving utility outage management system and communications protocol
•Increasing transformer capacity to accommodate higher loads
•Continuing to pursue a second transmission line and other grid-level
resiliency strategies.
These types of issues are already being addressed through workforce planning efforts, the
grid modernization effort, and other efforts. The Strategic Plan would summarize these
efforts and identify any gaps and potential mitigations.
Task 2: New Technology Integration
6 2023-2025 S/CAP Work Plan, page 6
7 2023-2025 S/CAP Work Plan, page 40, Policy Guidelines for Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan Development
Item No. 4. Page 4 of 6
In this task staff would perform an analysis on what is needed to integrate new
technologies and prepare the electric grid for widespread vehicle and building
electrification. The results of this analysis will be integrated into the Reliability and
Resiliency Strategic Plan. This analysis is already in progress and is expected to be
completed in fall of 2023. It will include:
•An assessment of the grid impacts of high penetrations of distributed energy
technologies and any additional equipment that would need to be added to the
electric distribution system to accommodate them.
•A review of customer demand management technologies and the potential
distribution system benefits and impacts.
•A review of utility scale technologies to reduce peak system load and provide
other distribution system benefits.
Task 3: Customer and Neighborhood Resiliency
Several of the concepts listed in the Policy Guidelines address customer and neighborhood
resiliency. Staff’s goal in the Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan would be to review existing
literature on these types of solutions and identify possible projects for future follow-up and
the resources that would be needed to analyze them. Whether to move forward with any
individual project would require Council policy guidance (with recommendations from the
UAC):
•Technologies like vehicle to load or vehicle to home for home resiliency
•Equity in resiliency – how to provide resiliency to income-qualified residents
•Neighborhood-level resiliency solutions such as microgrids and local utility-scale
battery storage
•Community emergency center resiliency
•Mobile battery strategies, such as large electric vehicles that could double as
emergency resiliency solutions
Task 4: Efficient Electrification
And lastly, part of the Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan will be a review of low-wattage
electrification solutions and discussion of business process and regulatory changes that might
be needed to accommodate them, including any resource needs. This will include both
technological solutions (e.g. smart panels, right-sizing appliances, circuit pausers) and
behavioral solutions (e.g. encouraging equipment use at particular times of day, setting
equipment for efficiency, setting vehicles to charge at particular times or at lower rates of
charge)
Timelines
The tasks would be completed on the following timelines:
Item No. 4. Page 5 of 6
•Task 1 (System reliability and outage management): In progress, staff would
summarize progress and identify any gaps by the end of 2023
•Task 2 (New technology integration): In progress, staff would complete the analysis
by early 2024
•Task 3 (Customer and neighborhood resiliency): Study to be completed by fall of 2024.
•Task 4 (Efficient electrification): Efficient electrification strategies to be identified
and programs / outreach implemented by fall of 2024.
•
Staff is looking for feedback from the UAC on staff’s approach to implementation of this work
plan item. Possible questions to consider may be:
•Is staff’s implementation in line with the Policy Guidelines?
•Are the right topics included? Is there a need for any additions, deletions, or
clarifications?
•Are there any technologies, processes, or policies that UAC wants staff to ensure are
included in the plan?
•Are the timelines appropriate?
FISCAL/RESOURCE IMPACT
The total staff time and non-salary budget required to complete the Reliability and Resiliency
Strategic Plan is estimated to be 0.7 FTE and $80,000 to $130,000, respectively. This will be
fulfilled using previously approved budgets and staffing. Projects to fulfill the goals of
the Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan require more resources, much of which is already
budgeted. For examples, grid modernization and the utility outage management system
updates require significant staff time and capital / operating expenditures, some of which is
already budgeted and some of which will be included in future years. Other items are not yet
budgeted and would require additional resources to complete (e.g. resiliency projects
identified in Task 3). The resources needed to complete the Reliability and Resiliency Plan
include:
•Task 1 (System reliability and outage management): This includes a minimal amount
of staff time to summarize the following efforts already budgeted and in progress:
• Workforce recruitment and retention efforts
• The grid modernization, projected to cost up to $300 million and requiring about
5-8 FTE annually over seven years, which includes replacement of aging
infrastructure that would be required regardless of electrification ($100 million
to
$150 million based on very approximate estimates), expansion of capacity to increase
distribution system capacity to accommodate electrification, and addition of various systems
to improve reliability.
Item No. 4. Page 6 of 6
• Utility outage management system updates (a project expected to cost
$630,000, including five years of annual maintenance, and requiring 0.65 FTE
up front and 0.25 FTE ongoing).
•Task 2 (New technology integration): $72,000 in consulting work and 0.1 FTE. This would
cover the analysis, not any subsequent implementation.
•Task 3 (Customer and neighborhood resiliency): This section is still being scoped, but is
expected to cost up to $50,000 to $80,000 and 0.25 FTE in staff time. This is just to do
the plan. Resources for project implementation would require additional salary and non-
salary budgets, which would be estimated as part of this task.
•Task 4 (Efficient electrification): This review is expected to cost up to $30,000 to $50,000
and take up to 0.25 FTE in staff time
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
The 2023-2025 S/CAP Work Plan was reviewed by the Council Ad Hoc S/CAP Committee and a
variety of stakeholders working with the committee. Staff expects to solicit stakeholder feedback
on Tasks 3 and 4 of the Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan as they are developed. When the
Strategic Plan is complete it will require public communications and community support. Electric
system reliability and resiliency are routine topics of concern in public discussions of
electrification, and the measures identified in these studies are expected to provide information
that can be used in these discussions. Work on efficient electrification will also inform future
program design and communication of efficient electrification solutions to the community.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Development of a Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan is exempt from the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) because it can be seen with certainty that completing a study
will not result in any environmental impacts.
ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A: Reliability and Resiliency Strategic Plan Guidelines
Attachment B: Timeline of the Sustainability and Climate Action Plan to-date
Attachment C: Presentation
AUTHOR/TITLE:
Jonathan Abendschein, Assistant Director of Resource Management