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HomeMy WebLinkAboutRESO7660RESOLUTION AMENDING INCLUDING STANDARDS RESIDENCES, RESOLUTION NO. 7660 OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO ALTO HISTORIC PRESERVATION REGULATIONS COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS, FOR ALTERATION OF HISTORIC LANDMARK AND STANDARDS FOR HISTORIC DESIGNATION WHEREAS, on October 28, 1996, the Council adopted an ordinance entitled, "ORDINANCE OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PALO ALTO ADDING CHAPTER 16.50 TO THE PALO ALTO MUNICIPAL CODE TO ESTABLISH INTERIM REGULATIONS GOVERNING HISTORIC DESIGNATION AND DEMOLITION OF RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES BUILT BEFORE 1940 AND REVIEW OF THE DESIGN QUALITY AND NEIGHBORHOOD COMPATIBILITY OF REPLACEMENT STRUCTURES"; and WHEREAS, the above -referenced ordinance required the Director of Planning and Community Environment to promulgate written Historic Preservation Regulations to facilitate implementation of the ordinance; and WHEREAS, the Historic Preservation Regulations must include Compatibility Review Standards and Standards for Historic Designation; and WHEREAS, on October 28, 1996, the Council adopted Resolution No. 7631, which approved Historic Preservation Regulations including the Compatibility Review Standards which were Exhibit "A" to that resolution, and Standards for Historic Designation which were Exhibit "B"; and WHEREAS, staff has recommended modifications to the Historic Preservation Regulations in order to clarify the Standards for Historic Designation as applied to groupings of structures, to clarify the definition of "front facade," and to address daylight plane requirements applicable to historic residences; and WHEREAS, the Council has reviewed the proposed amended Historic Preservation Regulations; NOW, THEREFORE, the Council of the City of Palo Alto does RESOLVE as follows: SECTION 1. The amended Compatibility Review Standards attached to this Resolution as Exhibit "A" are hereby approved. These Standards replace in their entirety the Compatibility Review Standards approved by Council by Resolution No. 7631. 1 970402 lac 0080484 SECTION 2. The amended Standards for Historic Designation attached to this Resolution as Exhibit "B" are hereby approved. The Standards replace in their entirety the Standards for Historic Designation approved by Council by Resolution No. 7631. SECTION 3. The Historic Preservation Regulations approved by this Resolution shall be published and distributed to the public as an appendix to the Palo Alto Municipal Code. SECTION 4. The Council finds that this resolution does not constitute a project subject to the California Environmental Quality Act because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility of a significant effect on the environment. INTRODUCED AND PASSED: April 8, 1997 AYES: ANDERSEN, EAKINS, FAZZINO, HUBER, KNISS, MCCOWN, ROSENBAUM, WHEELER NOES : SCHNEIDER ABSTENTIONS: ABSENT: Senior Asst. ity Attorney irector of Planning and Community Environment 2 970402 lac 0080484 • EXHIBIT "A" • COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS DESIGN REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE REPLACEMENT OR SUBSTANTIAL ALTERATION OF PRE -1940 CONTRIBUTING RESIDENCES City of Palo Alto Planning and Community Environment Department December 1996 Revised and Updated April 1997 • • COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I. How to Use These Compatibility Review Standards 2 II. Remodeling a Pre -1940 House 9 III. Requirements and Recommendations for Designing a Compatible Replaceinent House 11 Part 1: Streetscape & Neighborhood Character 12 Part 2: Architectural Style 27 IV. Completing the Compatibility Worksheet: Identifying Neighborhood Character and Architectural Style 41 V. Guide to Palo Alto Architectural Styles & Other References 45 VI. Compatibility Worksheet 50 • . INTRODUCTION Background and Purpose of the Compatibility, Review Standards In the first nine months of 1996, permits were granted for 62 single family houses in Palo Alto to be demolished and replaced with new houses. Thirty-four of these houses were constructed before 1940 and located mostly in the city's older, more traditional neighborhoods. Concerned that the loss of so many older houses would erode the distinctive character of these neighborhoods, the City Council adopted Interim Regulations to limit or restrict demolition of houses that have historic significance, either as Landmarks or as Contributors to the historic character of the neighborhood, to encourage sensitive rehabilitation of older homes. and to assure that in cases where these houses are demolished the houses that replace them will contribute the same quality of design and compatibility with neighborhood characteristics as the original houses. These provisions help to assure current and future residents that the character of their neighborhood will not undergo radical change, and to protect the investments that residents have made in their houses and neighborhoods. When do the Compatibility Review Standards Apply? The Compatibility Review Standards apply to new construction that replaces a house that was built before 1940 and has been determined to have historic significance as a Contributing Residence. In addition, the Standardsapply to extensive remodels of Contributing Residences when 50% or more of the exterior walls or part of the front facade are being removed. In rare instances where a Landmark building is permitted to be removed or demolished, the replacement structure also would have to comply with these Standards. See Section I. for more details about how to determine whether the Compatibility Review Standards apply to your project. The Compatibility Review Standards do not apply to remodels of Landmark Historic Residences and buildings within historic districts such as Professorville: these buildings are subject to The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 1 SECTION I: HOW TO USE THESE COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS I. Consider the option of an addition to or remodel of your house rather than demolition and replacement. An addition to or remodel of your older house that is sensitive to its original characteristics will help to preserve the distinctive historic architectural qualities of Palo Alto. Before you decide to demolish and replace your house, consider whether an addition or remodel will meet your household's needs. Read Section II, which discusses in more detail the opportunities and benefits of a successful addition or remodel. As you complete the Compatibility Worksheet in Section III, consider the special characteristics of your house and how it contributes to the special character of the neighborhood. 1 If you decide to retain at least 50% of the exterior perimeter walls of your house, including the front facade, you are not required to comply with the Compatibility Review Standards. Instead, use the information provided in the Compatibility Review Standards and the Compatibility Worksheet exercise to help you identify the essential characteristics of your house and neighborhood and to design your addition or remodel in a way that will celebrate and enhance the style of your house and the special qualities of the neighborhood. 2. Determine whether the Compatibility Review Standards are mandatory for your project. Your project must comply with the Requirements of the Compatibility Review Standards if both of the following apply: The original house that is being replaced or extensively remodeled was constructed before 1940 and has been determined to be an Historic Landmark Residence or a Contributing Residence The proposed construction plans will result in removal of 50% or more of the exterior walls or part of the street facing facade(s) of the original house. The street -facing facade consists of all architectural features, including walls, architecturally featured COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 2 1 HON TO USE THESE STANDARDS roofs and awnings, porches, columns, eaves, trims, windows, doors, and architectural appurtenances that create a coherent architectural composition on a plane facing the street. The extent of the street -facing facade shall continue back ten feet back from the primary front street -facing wall of the composition. 3. Find out if your house is an Historic Landmark Residence or Contributing Residence, or is located in an historic district (The City Council -adopted criteria for evaluating historic merit are available at the Planning Department.). First, verify that your house was constructed prior to 1940. Consult the Assessor's data, available on microfiche in the Planning Department, which will show the date of construction for your house. 2) Next, consult the City of Palo Alto's current Historic Inventory, and find out whether it has been identified in the Inventory as a structure with historic architectural or cultural significance. Structures identified as Category 1 or 2 are considered to be Historic Landmark Residences, but structures identified as Category 3 or 4 will require an Historic Merit Evaluation to assess their level of historic significance. Because the Inventory has not yet been updated to assure that all structures with historic, architectural or cultural merit are identified, the house may still have historic merit even if it is not identified in the Inventory. 3) If your house is not on the Inventory, you must request a Historic Merit Screening by Planning staff to determine whether the house could possibly be considered to be a Contributing Residence or a Historic Landmark Residence. 4) If based on the Historic Merit Screening, it appears your post - 1940 house could not meet the Standards for Historic Designation, then you are not required to follow the requirements which apply to demolition, alteration and replacement of Contributing Residences. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 3 I I ti )I's 11 II %;I,. S7 ANDARDS You may wish, however, to follow the recommendations in order to help assure your house is compatible with the quality and character ofother homes in your neighborhood. 5) if it appears, based upon the Historic Merit Screening, that your house may meet the Standards for Historic Designation, a Historic Merit Evaluation will be required. This evaluation will include a recommendation by the Historic Resources 13oard to the Planning Director regarding the determination that a pre -1940 house is either a Historic Landmark Residence or Contributing Residence. Figure 1: Contributing Buildings support the historic character of a neighborhood or district. 6) If the house is determined to be a Historic Landmark Residence, no application for demolition will be approved during the current interim regulations, except under special circumstances. Any remodel or additions will need to be approved by the Ilistoric Resources Board according to National COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE •4 1_ }IOW TO USE THESE STANDARDS Standards and Guidelines. See Planning Department staff for more information about these Standards. 7) If your house is determined to be a Contributing Residence, you must comply with the Compatibility Review Standards and obtain approval for a remodel or for a replacement structure prior to demolition or alteration of the Contributing residence. Demolition is defined as removal of more than fifty percent of the perimeter walls, or removal of all or part of the street -facing facade. Demolition does not include removal and replacement in kind of deteriorated, non -repairable materials required for the restoration or rehabilitation of the structure and resulting in no change t� its exterior appearance or historic character. 4. Review the Requirements and Recommendations section of the Compatibility Review Standards, and Complete the Compatibility Worksheet 1) Look over the Requirements and Recommendations section (Section III) to become familiar with their goals and general content. Make sure the architect or designer you may hire to assist you in designing your addition or new home is familiar with them as well. 2) Complete the first sections of the Compatibility Worksheet (Section VI.), which helps you assess the elements of the "streetscape which help contribute to the character of your neighborhood. You may want to photograph elements you feel give your neighborhood special appeal. Use Section IV to guide you in completing the Worksheet. 3) Complete the second section of the Compatibility Worksheet, which helps you assess the architectural character of your home and other homes in your neighborhood. Refer to Section IV and to the Guide to Palo Architectural Styles and other references in Section V for help in determining the predominant style of your house and neighborhood. 4) As you begin reviewing your options and developing your plans, it is recommended that you make a pre -application appointment COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 5 1. 11OW 10 USI: TI IESE STANDARDS to meet with the city's preservation architect, who can help you in complying with the Compatibility Review Standards and assist you with your application. 5) After you have learned more about your house's architectural style, take a hard look at the possibility of retaining some or most of your Contributing residence, and accommodating your needs for additional space and updated amenities with an addition or remodel. See Section II for a discussion of some of the advantages of doing so. Retain any sketches you make from this stage and attach them to your Compatibility Worksheet, whether or not you decide to retain part or elements of the existing home. 6) Having decided the amenities you wish to include in your new home and the elements of the original home you wish to retain, work with your designer to produce a design which meets the Compatibility Standards. Although "recommended practices" are not absolutely required, by trying to fulfill them wherever possible you will have a greater opportunity to produce a house which is compatible with neighborhood streetscape a'td architectural character. 7) Upon completion of your design, complete Sections 3 and 4 of your Compatibility Worksheet, which ask you to describe your proposed design in relationship to Neighborhood Character and Streetscape Patterns, and to Palo Alto architectural traditions and the original house. If you notice ways to refine the design to increase its compatibility with neighborhood and architectural character during this process, do so, noting your efforts on the Worksheet. 5. Submit an application for Compatibility Review of your proposed remodel or replacement Residence When you have completed the Compatibility Worksheet and have assembled the other Submittal Requirements identified below, make an appointment with the city's preservation architect to submit your application for Compatibility Review to the Planning Department. CONIPATIBILIT1' REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 6 t. HOW 10 USE THESE STANDARDS You will be given a date by which the assessment of your design's compatibility will be available. This written assessment will include a determination of approval, approval with conditions, required and recommended design or application revisions before a determination can be made, or denial of approval. If you have any questions about the recommendations or requirements, contact the city's preservation architect. Submittal Requirements for Design Compatibility Review (note: this is a partial list - refer to the complete checklist available from the Planning Division): 1. Photographs: a. Photo montage of the block, both sides of the street b. Photographs showing all sides of the original house, garage, and any other structures on the site c. Photographs of architectural details of the house and other buildings All photographs should be 4 x 6 inches mounted on cardboard sheets 81/2 x 14 inches with property address on each sheet, or unmounted, with property address on the back of each photograph 2. Completed Compatibility Worksheet, assessing character of the neighborhood and showing how the replacement house meets the requirements of the Compatibility Review Standards. 3. Plans: a. Schematic design plans showing all proposed development b. Site plan showing location of all existing and proposed structures and all existing trees on the site, the location of adjacent structures, and the location of all existing curbs, curb cuts, paving, and other infrastructure including street trees located in the Public Right of Way. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 7 •: 1i v\1)\RI)S t'oIruft available from the ('hooting, I)cpiirtnlent. more direction :!built ittlo:m ttiun to h� ir]Llr!ded on d.\elopinent p`:111„. 4. .'Aerial photo or Sanborn Map e.ecrpt (a1 ailable fro m the I'I.umii 1)iv kion and Iitlildilt<< Divi,ions. resh::ctivel~,.) Figure 2: Bungalow courts found in older Palo Alto neighborhoods include several mall grouped together on a lar<_te lot or a collection of very small lots. 1 li se courts and other multifamily residential buildinyas may require flexibility in applying thy: Compatibility Review Standards. particularly re�aardina driveway and garage treatment. 6. Exceptions to the Compatibility Review Standards. In cases Nyhcre unusual site conditions make the strict application of the Compatibility Review Standards an unreasonable burden. exceptions to the Standards may bc considered. For example. in cottage courts or other sites with multiple units. driytvv :iv and t2araLte requirements in the Standards mav not bc appropriate. cept ion review process 1vill involve a hcarin opportunity and a decision by the I'?annin! 1)ircctor or lus (.1esi«nce. 13ased on findings that the proposed alternative hotter C0NI1' \ 1 I 13 1 I. I 11 14 1: 1 1 1\ s7A\1)AR1)5 PAGE • 8 L HOW TO USE THESE STANDARDS achieves design quality and compatibility with the existing neighborhood than would the strict application of the requirements of the Compatibility Standards, the proposed alternative may be approved. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 9 SECTION II: REMODELING A PRE -1940 IIOME Remodeling or adding on to an existing house may be the best alternative for households that need more space or have changing requirements. There may be an opportunity' to improve the layout of the entire house and to enhance compatibility with the neighborhood. By retaining elements of the original homes and continuing their architectural character in additions. remodeled homes can preserve Palo Alto's precious architectural heritage and the charm and desirability of older neighborhoods. You may also want to explore tax incentives for restoration and rehabilitation of historic buildings. Figure 3: This well -designed remodel added desired additional space while respecting and enhancing the character of the original home. In remodeling a pre -1940 home. keep the following thoughts in mind: i . The first step in planning an addition is to study the Zoning Ordinance regulations to determine what may be built. Be aware that you can apply for a Home Improvement Exception (HIE) if you find that you cannot adhere to the strict provisions of the zoning ordinance for site development regulations such as setbacks, daylight planes. height, lot COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PACE • 10 IL REMODELING OF A PRE -1940 HOME coverage and incidental amounts of floor area. Dome Improvement Exceptions apply to projects where 75% of exterior walls and 25% of existing roof area is maintained, and are intended to help sustain the integrity of the existing house design concept or neighborhood character. 2. If you are remodeling a Historic Landmark Residence or Contributing Residence, you may also be eligible to use the State Historical Building Code. This code provides added flexibility in meeting the intent of the code where strict interpretation of the Uniform Building Code could adversely affect the preservation of historic buildings. 3. Next step, review these recommendations and requirements, recognizing that if you retain more than 50% of exterior walls including the street - facing facade, the requirements are not mandatory. In either case, following the recommendations will help you assure that your remodeled home preserves its original architectural character and enhances your neighborhood character. You may also wish to consult an architect to help you with the planning and design process. 4. Use the Worksheet in Section VI and the reference materials in Sections V to identify distinguishing characteristics of the neighborhood and patterns which contribute to the streetscape. Refer to the Guide to Palo Alto Architectural Styles and the reference materials in Section V to identify the original architectural style of your house. 5. As you design your addition, look for ways to continue the architectural character and features of the original home in the remodeled portion. Be sure that if you are adding at the ground floor or second story that the overall building massing is consistent with the house's architecfural character. Be sure to continue streetscape patterns that help define neighborhood character as well. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE •1O -A • SECTION III: DESIGN REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The purpose of these Compatibility Review Standards is to guide design and construction of new residential structures or substantial alterations to pre -1940 residential structures to preserve the special and desirable qualities of the neighborhood. Defining Characteristics of Pre -1940 Palo Alto Neighborhoods These special qualities come from characteristic patterns of building placement, open space, landscaping and architectural detail. These patterns are similar throughout Palo Alto's pre -1940 neighborhoods, even though the styles of architecture may be varied. The repetition of these qualities in hundreds of houses, each one different yet conforming to the essential pattern, gives these neighborhoods their strong character, cohesion, and visual richness. Essential characteristics of these neighborhoods can be identified in the following six points. The main focus of each house is on the design of the front facade, particularly the entry, and its connection to the front garden and to the street. Regularly spaced street trees and planting strips line the streets, helping to define the street and sidewalk area while providing shade and unifying the streetscape. • The houses are located in a "garden" setting, with planting, open space and views between buildings. • Garages and car parking are located at the back of the site and do not dominate the front or side street facades. • The architecture shows careful attention to scale, balance, proportion, detail, materials and craftsmanship. • Architectural styles reflect the history of Palo Alto, local materials, lifestyle and climate. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • II I!: ,f i +: ll'.! \1I .\ l' \\I) kI ( )\ \I! .VI) 111ONS Figure 4: I louses arc located in a "garden setting. Organization of the Requirements and Recommendations Section This Section is divided into) l\vo parts. Part 1: Streetscape and Open Space includes those elements that determine the view from the street and the arrangement of buildings and open spaces. Part 2: Architectural Character includes those elements that comprise the design of the individual structures, vv -high in turn contribute to the character of the neighborhood as a vvhole. Each section describing one of the characteristic elements is organized in the following \\ay: 1. A description of the Existing Pattern and how this element contributes to the special character of the pre -1940 neighborhood ?. An outline of Recommended Practices'. that \\i1I help to preser c and enhance that character. 3. A list of the Requirements- that each project \\ill have to meet regarding this clement in order to be approved. ( o.AiI'Al 1 13I I_ I I ) RF:A IF11 S1 A \I)-1I21)S PACE • 12 • • Hi I:I <Jt IIa \1 \ E‘. 1\1)10 1.i c <)•.1\1i \"I>,1TIUNS Part 1:•Streetscape and Open Space Recommendations and Requirements 1 he from yard. side\\ all;, street trees_ fence. dril e1 a1 s. landscaping. e1 crythini in front of the house. all contribute to our experience as we 11alk or drive down the street. 1 his combination of elements constitutes the streetscapc. The strectscape of older Palo (Alto neighborhoods is characterized h1 a hit h deuce of architectural variety and pedestrian detail. uni tied h' certain characteristic patterns of landscaping and building placement. Figure 5: Street trees and buildings with similar setbacks define the street edge and frame the sidewalk area. while porches. front gardens and architectural details add human scale and pedestrian interest. FRONT AND STREET SIDE SETBACKS/FRONT DAYLIGHT PLANE Existing Pattern: The front setback is the distance from the front of the house to the front property line (not the sidewalk). The minimum setback established by the zoning regulations is 20 feet. However, in - historic neighborhoods with a different setback pattern a smaller COMPATIBILITY REV!E11 STANDARDS PAGE • 13 REQUIREMENTS ANI) RECOMMENDATIONS__ ' or larger setback pattern may prevail, and should be respected by new construction. Many traditional house styles have tall front facades that cannot meet the Front Daylight Plane requirements in the zoning regulations. Recommended Practice: 1. Maintain the existing setback pattern by building to the prevailing setback line. Notice that corner houses may be located closer to the street than other houses on the block. Requirements: 1. Locate at least 5O% of the front facade of the house at the prevailing setback line, with the remainder of the front facade at or behind that line. The prevailing setback line is the line closest to the street with 75% of the houses located behind it. 2. It is not necessary to comply with the Front Daylight Plane requirements in the Zoning regulations. 3. If the house is on a corner and the original house is located closer to the street than the prevailing setback line, then the required front setback is the front setback of the original house. Side setback requirements set by zoning apply unless the original street side facade is being retained 4. If the front facade of the original house is being preserved, the setback of the original house may alternatively be the allowed setback. 5. Similarly, if the street side facade of a house on a corner lot is preserved, the setback of the original house is considered the allowed setback. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 14 • • (t:\R.\(ii'S Erl l?lint prC-}114 1 Ilcl,_}]}�t�r}11`14}�. �,frlttt s ,!1'� scpatatc Iron: ii;L' ;lnd �tLticd :ii ih� back of the lot. } }1!H pattern t;olltttt1I .: the ollt}itll}dln,_' rc}ation:,}1Ip to tile main h,1lFC t!7'.a iarfia c houses Ltd in a hreA'1oLI.-; era. }t ha, a j`i \', cr LlE 1I77; :SCI on th; ell,:: aster t f t}le c 11c1_llho rl oo,.}k in at Eca.,t ii`.e Figure 6, 6a. Location and dcsitn of uarages and driveways are an important component of neighborhood character. ( OAIPATIIIILiT1 REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 15 f i ; I? i k)!AP.i \rl I\ \\i` E:i c'c)\1\tt.ND.NT1ONS (,ARAOFS (continued) 1) the amount of paying in the front yard is the minimum rc(luircd for access: 2) the most prominent design element on the facade of the house is the entr\ or a major window rather than the eara`,c; ?) side driveways provide open space <inr! separation between. houses: 4) cars can he parked in the driveway \\hilt still being out of the front yard: 5) the difference in size between houses and Laraggcs establishes a pattern of variety in building volumes. rather than mostly 1arLte. uniformly sized buildings. Recommended Practices: 1. Locate the garage to minimize its visibility from the street. 2. Design the garage to be architecturally compatible with the house but not competing \with the house as the primary focus. 4016 Figure 7: Attached garage in rear, partially screened h front of house. provides similar appearance to traditional detached rear izaragt' an3 is permitted with certain conditions. CO\IPATIBELIT1 RE:vIE:%% STANDARDS PAGE • 16 • • )1I. REQI:IRI:ME`TS AND RECOMMENDATIONS GARAGES (continued) Requirements: 1. Locate the garage at the rear of the site and detached from the house by at least 12 feet. If located at least 75 feet from the front property line, zoning allows the garage to be located adjacent to the side and rear" property line. Figure 8: Diagram of permitted attached garage location for standard size non -corner lots. Alternatively, the garage may be attached to the house, provided that it is located no closer than 60 feet from the front property line, and that a side setback as determined by current zoning ordinances is maintained: Thegarage may project no more than ten feet (*) from the side facade of the house, when viewed from the street, thus partially screening view of the driveway and garage from the street. No part of the second story can extend over the garage within 10 feet of the garage side wall. The garage must have a separate roof that is the same pitch as the house roof or less. In this case, second floor balconies are not permitted over the garage, in order to COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 17 I:: \1! ! :;AD P) < <i'.?\tl'i).ATIcNs protect the privacy of the adjacent property. ? If the !rouse is located out a corner. the garage near be placed in the rear. yard setback and aceesscd front the side street. The garage must be located at least 16 feet from the street side property line. Alternatively, garages on corner lots may be attached if located outside the rear yard setback. The front of the garage must be recessed at least ? feet behind the street -facing side facade of the house. As 4. to Figure 9: Many existing houses on corner lots have detached garages located in the rear yard with access from the street. These Standards permit gara�_c in this location, which can provide better access between the house and garden than an attached garage. 3. In a single car garage, use a garage door that is 8feet wide, or leas. In a double car garage, use two doors not more than 8 feet wide separated by a vertical support at COs1PATI13ILIFV RILVI1:"A STAAI):AIt1S PAGE • 18 • • 111. REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS least 8 inches wide, or use one door not over 16 feet wide. Where three car garages are permitted by ordinance, use one door eight feet wide and one door 16 feet wide, or less. 4. Design garage doors with square or vertically proportioned elements to minimize the apparent width of the doors. If the door is more than eight feet wide, design the door so that it has the appearance of being divided vertically into two distinct sections. Do not use Rancher style doors, because the strong horizontal proportions emphasize the width of the door. Do not use steel garage doors. Do not use non -rectangular or decorative windows on garages or garage doors. 5. If the garages on the two adjacent properties and the garage for the original house are on the same sides of their respective houses, then locate the driveway for the new house in this same way so that the pattern of open space between houses is preserved. 6. If alleyway access is provided, required parking shall be accessed from the alley and the garage shall be located within 5 feet of the rear property line. 7. On substandard lots less than 50 feet wide or 80 feet deep, and where no alley access is available, only one on - site parking space is required and a single car attached garage is allowed. The front of the garage must be recessed at least two feet behind the main front facade of the house. If two parking spaces are provided, one must be tandem. 8. Carports are not permitted, unless they are located where the open sides cannot be seen from a public street. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 19 II! 1:1.1 i1 'IIRi \11:N 1 S AND R1.CO\4\ILNI)AT1ONS DRIVEWAYS Existing Pattern: (Driveways at nearly all of Palo Alto's pre -1940 houses are between 6.5 and 10 feet %vide, xvith 9 feet being the most common xvidth. They are typically located several feet from the side property line and several feet from adjacent building walls; usually this space is planted with a hedge or other landscaping. Traditionally, driveway surfaces are treated in one of two ways. The most common treatment is a simple, unobtrusive surface of asphalt or poured cement. In other cases, the driveway is surfaced with bricks, cobbles, stones, rubble or gravel, and adds textural interest and an element of craftsmanship to the front garden. Figure 10: Not permitted. This 20 foot wide driveway with attached walk reduces the front yard landscaping dramatically and displaces street trees and curbside planting. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 20 111. REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS DRIVEWAYS (continued) Recommended Practice: l . Treat the driveway as a garden element. Minimize the width of the driveway and the amount of paving on the site. '`Hollywood" strips, with planting between the wheel tracks, may be used instead of solid paving. Use simple, traditional paving materials, and provide planting that will help to frame the site and screen the paving. Requirements: 1. Make driveways 9 feet wide or less. Driveway curb cuts must have a vertical curb and be no more than 10 feet wide with a 3 foot radius. Within 27 feet of the garage doors, driveways may widen to no more than the width of the garage door(s) plus 2 feet. However, no driveway may be more than 12 feet wide within 5 feet of the public sidewalk. Interior sidewalks, patios, etc. may adjoin the driveway for no more than 6 linear feet. 2. Locate driveways at least .1.5 feet from the side or rear property line and at least 1.5 feet from the side of the house to provide space for planting on both sides of the driveway, except that no planting space is required between the driveway and the back half ofthe house, (An illustration or diagram will be provided) 3. Ilse the following materials for driveway surfaces: asphalt; poured cement with a troweled or exposed aggregate finish; real brick, cobbles, or stone; rubble; or gravel. For driveways, do not use precast interlocking pavers or stamped concrete, since these materials generally lack the appearance of craftsmanship associated with traditional materials. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 21 Ii[.vil I" VAI k )'.t\H-.A1)ATtONS (continued) Figure 11: By providing a low hedge. wall or fence and by setting garages hack from the closest street facing wall. the view of driveways and garage entries can be screened. This attached garage is on a corner lot and accessible from a side street. 4. If fire driveway widens to more than 18 feet n1 any location inside the property line that is visible from a public street, provide a wall, fence or hedge along the properly line to screen the paving. STREET TREES AND PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY Existing Pattern: Street trees are one of the most striking features of Palo Alto's older neighborhoods. Trees provide shade and canopy and help define the street and sidewalk areas. They also provide: a ('ON1r:\T1131I.III' RE\'1E\\ STAN AR1)S PAGE • 22 • • i l l 1.0 (?t IRE A1I \ 1 1`:t) RE c'1t\1\11..AI):A't IONS S l t:l:l•:i "1IZ1:i.S \\1) 1'1, 131.1(.' 1.1(111 1 0F \\":\Y (continued) unifying element to the streetscape of older neighborhoods. while the variety of tree species used pro ide a range of shade. color and other characteristics. The planted area vv ithin the strip between sidewalk and street provides water and nutrients to street trees and additional visual interest for the pedestrian. while screening views of the street paving from within the house. Figure 12: Street trees and planting in the strip between sidewalk and street define a pedestrian zone and provide a unifying elei mnt to the streetscape of older neighborhoods. Recommended Practice: 1. Note the location. spacing and type of street trees on the street and take this into consideration in the design of the new house, locations of garage and driveway and the design of landscaping and paving in the front yard and planting strip. CO`1PATt81L1T' REV L\\ ST.!'DARDS PAGE • 23 1U. REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS STREET TREES AND PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY (continued) Requirements: 1. Do not relocate, realign or widen a driveway to within lli feet of any existing street tree, unless it is not possible to access the site and still meet this requirement. 2. If street trees are missing along the property frontage on the street, locate the driveway to allow replacement of the missing trees at approximately 25 feet intervals. 3. Limit paving or hard surfaces within the parking strip to no more than 5.5 linear feet per street frontage, not including the driveway apron. 4. Provide irrigated planting of ground cover or small shrubs in the parking strip. 5. If there is a fence or wall along the property line, provide irrigated planting in the space between the sidewalk and the fence or wall. LANDSCAPING Trees provide shade and canopy and provide an asset to both the individual property owner and the neighborhood. Mature trees and other large plant material are a part of the special quality of older neighborhoods. Recommended practice_ 1. Locate and identify all mature trees and shrubs on the property. Observe their characteristics and what benefits they may be providing in terms of shade, seasonal color, etc. Consider that some may be old species no longer generally available in the trade and therefore rare. Retain and protect mature vegetation where possible. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 24 • i.I Qi 11(1 11i N.S,,.1\!> }:! ( it\t\;i NDAI IoAS 1,A A1)SCAPINti (continued, Consistent 1vith nei2hhorhood patterns. fence materials and design should he compatible with the house's architectural style and neiL2hhorhood character, Solid fences and fences over lour feet tall should he avoided. except to provide backyard prilacv. Locate perimeter fences or walls behind the property Figure 13: The proportion and details of this redwood fencing are compatible with the Craftsman house. line to allow planting to soften the appearance of the fence. If there is an uninterrupted sweep of lawn across several properties. maintain this pattern. 3. Design the landscape to be compatible with the house design and neighborhood. Be aware that irrigated front lawns are the main source of water for many street trees, so if drought tolerant landscaping is used. consider providing irrigation to the street trees. If irrigation to the front yard is being turned off during construction. use soaker hoses to water street trees. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 25 [!� I;i (.1' 1a4 \11 •: ( •-, t +.fA1v1I NI):A1IONS LA\I)SCAI'iNti (:untinucd) Requirements: 1. All Waller' oak and live oak trees over 11.5 inches in diameter or 36 inches in circumference measured 4. i fee t above natural grade that are located in required setbacks are protected under the Citl.'s street tree ordinance, and must be retained. 2. Prior to demolition and during construction, provide protective fencing and frequent deep ,`Watering to all plant materials that are being retained, including street trees. Figure 14: Planting is used to define the edges of garden areas and to screen garages and paving. CO:111'AI I131t.ITl RFV'IFW STANDARDS PAGE • 26 • • III: REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS PART 2: ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER Palo Alto's older neighborhoods are characterized by a combination of architectural styles, with certain styles predominant in each neighborhood. Each of these historic house styles is composed of a coherent and consistent combination of materials, window treatments, building massing, ornamentation and roof treatment. While individual details may vary, these characteristics provide a sense of unity within each house and with others of the same style. Additions and remodels of pre -1940 houses should be compatible with the style of the original «tructure. A first step in designing a remodel or addition is therefore to identify the architectural style of the original home. Common Architectural Styles in Palo Alto Houses A number of architectural styles predominate in Palo Alto homes built before 1940. Illustrations and descriptions of character -defining elements of these styles can be found in Section V. These houses represent the history of this area, dating from the founding of the town of Mayfield and Palo Alto through the start of World War II. While there are some other architectural styles represented in pre -1940 buildings, the list below includes the most common styles. This list is in approximate chronological order, with related styles grouped together. Within theses groups, styles influenced each other and are sometimes blended in a single building. Italianate Victorian Queen Anne Victorian Colonial Revival Shingle Style Craftsman Bungalow Spanish Colonial/Mediterranean Mission Revival Spanish Eclectic Tudor French Eclectic Moderne Prairie Style Minimal Traditional COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 27 l l ; I:f ' '1I'I '�'i `l �,NI) ri E t AlMI.NDATIONS Figure 15: Shingle style and Craftsman details are blended in shingle-coveredhouses with prominent overhanging roof hies. Skilled builders and architects used locally available redwood and created indoorloutdoor living areas suited to the areas mild climate_ Some of the predominant styles are particularly %yell adapted to the area's climate and building materials. such as the Craftsman. Shinele and Spanish Colonial Revival styles. Prominent California architects such as Julia Morgan and Birge Clark have designed local homes in these steles which are an important part of Palo Alto's distinctive architectural hcritau.. - For further information on Palo Alto and Bay Area architectural traditions, consult the following references. available at the Planning Department and the Public Library. and local book stores: • Section V: Guide to Palo Alto Architectural Styles • Historic and Architectural Resources of the City of Palo Alto • Rehab Right: How to Utilize the Full Value of Your Old House • Single Family Residential Design Guidelines • A Field Guide to American Houses. by Vireinia and Lee McAlester • House Styles in America by James C. Massey and S Shirley Maxwell • Dover Reprints of late 19th and early 20th century house design books CI A IBIL1T1' REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 28 III RI, ()1'IR1'\1i.\ 1' .1\i1 Ri t 1\I\1i.1IA'1 BONS (..0\11)A 11131.1 ARE'111"11 (' i i"RAL S"i 1'I [ Existing 1'uttcrn: Each of Palo Alto's older nei�,hborhoods sets its distinctive character from a blend of architectural styles. Some neighborhoods and blocks are more eclectic and others are more homogeneous. Often there is a predominant style. such as the shin�glc style or bungalow style, which gives the neighborhood a sense of unity and distinctiveness. Recontmencled Practice: Where possible. significant architectural features and street facades of the original house should be retained and the architectural style of the new construction should continue the materials. details. proportions and craftsmanship of the original house to produce a unified overall character. Figure 16: Simple, symmetrical design of original Colonial Revival house is continued in an architecturally compatible second story addition. 7. New residential construction should be compatible with the architectural character of the neighborhood, Each house should be designed with an understanding of the characteristic CONIPATIBILIT\ REVIEW ST.A\DARDS PAGE • 29 III, REQt_7IREMLNTS ANI) RECOMMENDATIONS WINDOWS (continued) elements of the particular style selected for the house and with careful attention to scale, balance, proportion, detail and craftsmanship. 3. When using characteristics of a traditional architectural style, use these characteristics in a consistent manner, rather than combining characteristics of a different style in a single structure. For example. Mediterranean/Spanish style stucco houses should not employ neocolonial details such as shutters or steep roofs. Where characteristics of related styles are often combined in Palo Alto homes, elements of these related styles can be combined into a unified composition. Requirements: 1. Plans which use traditional architectural features are required to identify a style from the references: Section V: Common Palo Alto Architectural Styles; Historic and Architectural Resources of the City of Palo Alto; Rehab Right; Single -Family Design Guidelines, A Field Guide the American Houses, House Styles in America, or Dover Reprints. Only those architectural characteristics included in the description of a particular style in the above references may be included in a single structure unless the style is identified as having influences from another, related style in Palo Alto houses. Alternatively, if an applicant can provide a local example of a pre -1940 residence with the same combination of original architectural characteristics in a single structure they may utilize that combination of characteristics in their own plans. WINDOWS Existing Pattern: Windows contribute a great deal to the character of the house. An addition that uses windows that are significantly different from those used in the original house will severely disrupt the character of the house. For instance, using sliding aluminum windows in a house that has wood double hung windows would detract from the architectural character of the house. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 30 • • 11:1 \11 \S .AAI> RI t i>\1\1} \M I IONS W1\DO\V'S (continued) Certain distineti‘. e window shapes. such as round. arched. pointed, fan - shaped or diamond -shaped'. ndowys. need to h::.uscd sparin_.l so that they complement the architectural style and do not o\ erwhelm the proportions of the facade. l:xtrentely tall ‘yindo%ys can alst, disrupt the scale of the house. Most older residential styles did not use non- rectanuular and oversized ‘yindov s at all. or used them only for emphasizin_! the major living area or an entry. Figure 17: Palladian window in this Mission Revival home highlights the main living area. Recommended Practices: Each architectural style is characterized by specific window proportions. materials, mullion detailing. trim and placement. Refer to the description of common architectural styles and examples of original houses for models of appropriate window treatment for the architectural style of your proposed design. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 31 RI•t i!. i!:1 I! 11 s .\`,1) RI )\1\1!.`:1)A11ONS \V'INI)O\1'S icontinued) Figure 18: Many older houses have a distinctive muntin pattern which is repeated in windows throughout the house: True divided lites provide shadow and depth. Requirements: Where the architectural style of the original house is being retained, reuse or snatch original window materials. Maintain proportions, detailing and materials of original ►windows. 2. No more than one non -rectangular or "special" ►window may be used per street facade. No windows on street facades can be taller than the top of the first floor of the building. Where non -rectangular windows are used, they must be compatible with the architectural character of the house and neighborhood. This limitation does not apply to ►windows located on the front door. 3. Windows ►nut he ►+'ood, ►wood with vinyl or metal cladding, or steel. Vinl•l or aluminum windows ►Rill he allowed for bathrooms and base►nents but ►trust hare the same or similar COMPAT IB11.1T1 R F. V I E WW STANDARDS PACE • 32 111. REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS WINDOWS (continued) finish to other windows. Windows must have clear glass, except that glass block or frosted glass may be used in bathrooms or for privacy along property lines. 4. Windows with divided lights must be true divided lights, or double pane windows with full size (minimum 3/8" deep) muntins attached to the exterior and interior of the glass. 5. Recessed windows: In stucco walls, recess window pane a minimum of 2.5 inches behind the outside wall surface, not including trim around the windows, in order to enhance the impression of the massiveness of the walls. In other types of wells a minimum recess of 1.5 inches is required. 6. Dormer windows may be used only where they open directly into habitable space. This does not preclude small, "eyebrow" type roof vents, where compatible with the architectural style . FRONT PORCHES AND ENTRY FEATURES Existing Pattern: Entry features in Palo Alto's older neighborhoods include front porches, alcoves. loggias, terraces, and covered or uncovered stoops. Front porches can be viewed as covered entry features which are open on two or more sides. These front porches and entries often provide a seating area as well as an entryway, and become an important scene for neighborly interaction while providing visual interest to the passerby. They also provide a transition in scale between the house and -the outdoors at the pedestrian scale. The materials, proportions and location of front porches, entries and primary windows should be compatible with the house style and neighborhood character. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 33 ,n r:+ r,! lR/ \ 1 s AN,, F;1 ( )v1v11.Nn,TIONS WINDOWS (continued) Figure 19: New house incorporating front porch and other patterns xv"hich enhance street. Requirements: I. If there is- an established pattern of porches on the block, (50 % of houses on the block face or on both sides of the street combined), then provide a front porch. 2. If a porch is not incorporated, include an entry feature or principal window (larger than other windows) in a main - living area on the front of the house. 3. Design porches with a minimums dimension of at least 6feet in depth and an area of at least 60 square feet to provide both an entry area and usable seating area. 4. Entry feature openings and roof eaves cannot he higher than the top of the first floor of the building. CO%1i':\"111111,1T1' RE\'I1-:N S I) DS PAGE•34 III. RCQ1'IRI;\lE:\t S ,\\I) RECONI\If;1t)ATIONS BUILDING MASSING (continued) Figure 20: Arched entry and accent window and roof projection call attention to front door without exaggerating entry and facade proportions. BUILDING MASSING Existing Pattern: Building massing is a fundamental ingredient of architectural style and neighborhood character. While many houses in Palo Alto's older neighborhoods are two stories, they often contain a number of elements which serve to decrease the visual impact of the two story volume with a one story portion, roof or gable details. articulated walls. or entry features. These features provide a pedestrian scale. The taller building elements and trees help define the larger scale of the street. Together these elements contribute to the overall character and richness of the streetscape. Building massing is also a key concem of neighbors. where two story elements can affect sunlight access, views and privacy for adjacent properties. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 35 II1 al 4.0 'WI \t3 ♦ I .\ tit) \n NIAT1ONS 131 11.1)1\(► \1ASSI\G (continued) Figure 21: Ne\v two-story house which uses dormer windows in a steeply -sloping roof to reduce The apparent height and bulk of the house from the street. Rcco,nn ended Prac iices_ 1. Employ one story elements such as porches. entry features,.and arcades to create a transition in scale between the street and two story building elements. Consider neighbor's needs for sunlight. privacy and views. Use setbacks or sloping roofs to reduce shadows and intrusions on neighbor's windows and open spaces. 3. Building massing should be compatible with the house's architectural style and neighborhood character. For example. for bungalow designs and other traditionally single -story houses avoid two story elements unless they are set hack at least ten feet from front and rear -.yaks. (.O U .\ I IBI I rl lti.\'IE\\ Sl.\\DARDS PAGE • 36 I II RI.QZ;IRf.\11-.\ f1 A\1) Ri Ct1NINti NDATIONS Figure 22: Second story addition is set behind front part of the house to preserve single story scale from sidewalk. Roof detailing is repeated to unify design. ROOF DESIGN Existing Pattern: Roof lines and the detailing of roof design and construction contributes to the character of Palo Alto's older neighborhoods. Generally. the existing pattern is houses composed of simple shapes with simple roof forms. Some newer houses have introduced a profusion of roofs over individual building elements. which clutter the facade. Roofs should not over- emphasize the garage or entryway to the detriment of the overall facade. Roof forms found in Palo Alto vary from the shallow to moderate slopes of bungalow, shingle and Spanish Eclectic houses to the steep forms of Tudor and Victorian houses. Deep roof overhangs and details such as exposed rafters and repeating roof forms are distinctive features of Craftsman and Bungalow style houses, while other styles are characterized by different patterns of overhang and detailing. CONIPATIBJLITt' REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 37 I !: 14! t r; '1!tf \ii_A i `-AN1) kt (t rsI 11:NDATIoNS Compatibility %kith neighborhood patterns and the specific architectural styles of the house should be continued new construction. Traditional roof materials in older Palo .Aho nei�ghhorhoods depended upon the architectural style_ Shingle st le houses used wood shingles and shakes; Spanish style houses used _genuine clay tile. or tar and gravel for fiat roofs; Tudor and neocolonial houses sometimes used slate. Recommended Practices: Where roofs are specially highliy2lited as.a prominent design feature, use authentic, high quality materials such as xvood shake, wood shingle, clay tile or slate. Requirements: 1. Roof line, roof details and roof materials must be compatible with the architectural style of the !rouse to produce an overall, unified architectural style. For traditional styles, the IN :t a r /:1 3. #^y1 A` �. !i t ,, s b- . t .04'- ��T . ir_ x b'ti \V.:Lk. '+�i ::e �~ s.: . +e ar .. . :• . -t t .�':,,\-'J�' �1=`�,i ... ! s 'fF •y� Jt 'Y''��1J�>. 1, L '+r•'-.- Figure 23: Compatible second story addition preserves the cascading roof lines and horizontal massing typical of the bungalow style, repeating original Roof line and detailing. COMPA•FII31t.IT1' REVIEW STAND .A S PAGE• 38 I[l. REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ROOF DESIGN (continued) style must be identified and the roof features must be consistent with those described for that style in the following references: Section V: Guide to Palo Alto Architectural Styles; Historic and Architectural Resources of the City of Palo Alto; Rehab Ri2ht,; or Single -Family Design Guidelines. Alternatively, if an applicant can provide a local example of a pre -1940 residence with the same combination of architectural style and roof characteristics they may utilize that combination of characteristics in their own plans. 2. The roofs over entry features must have the same roof pitch and detail as the rest of the house. Eaves on entry feature roofs must be located no higher than the top of the first floor of the building. 3. For roofs, use asphalt shingles, wood shingles, wood shakes, genuine clay tile, genuine slate, standing seam metal roofs, or tar and gravel. WALLS AND FINISHES Existing Pattern: An important characteristic of older neighborhoods is the generally high level of quality and craftsmanship used in construction and finishing of wall surfaces. Often the variations in color or texture resulting from hand craftsmanship add to the appeal and interest of the finished wall. In addition, certain styles were marked by specific finishes, such as white, cream or other light colored paints on stucco for Spanish style houses, and unpainted redwood shingles and beams on Shingle Style houses. Requirements: 1. Stucco must be applied by hand. Do not use spray -on finish materials or textured paints. Use a traditional stucco finish texture found on pre -1940 buildings in Palo Alto, such as Float, Spanish, Mission, Monterey, Californian or English. Do not use Lace or heavy textures. 2. Use real wood siding, not composite products, vinyl or aluminum siding. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 39 In Ruq1,IRLyll_N1sAND RECOMMENDATIONS • • .� .. '�.. a.' 3s % . ' ,l . I '.'4 ".'?. - --44.:•*. . • ..,..”*. • ' 4'4,- 1. - ,. i i 4 ' i it •- , Figure 24: Stucco texture shows the hand of the craftsman large wall expanses found in Spanish Colonial hones. 1 • Aare i. • • i + . xa, and adds visual interest to 3. Change from one wall material to another only where there is a change in wall plane and at an interior corner, not at an exterior corner, since this gives the appearance that the material is only applied to the surface and not integral to the structure of the wall. 4. Where remodeling, use same materials and finishes as existing house. If documentation exists showing that the house originally had a different finish, then that finish may be used. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 40 SECTION IV. COMPLETING THE COMPATIBILITY WORKSHEET Completion of the Compatibility Worksheet in Section VI is required for your application for approval of a major remodel or construction of a new structure to replace a Contributing Residence. The Worksheet should be completed at the very beginning of the design process. so that information you assemble regarding the character of the neighborhood and the house can guide your design decisions. There are several major steps in completing the Worksheet: 1. Identify Neighborhood Character and Streetscape Patterns. 2. Identify the Architectural Character of Your Home and Other Homes in the Neighborhood. 3. Describe your proposed design for a remodel or replacement home in relationship to Neighborhood Character and Streetscape patterns. 4. Describe the Architectural Character of your proposed design in relationship to the Palo Alto architectural traditions and the original house. 5. Describe your proposed design in terms of its design objectives, internal consistency, proportions and harmony. 1. Identify Neighborhood Character and Streetscape Patterns Attach your photographs of the streetscape, patterns of planting, and fencing, and other elements which give the neighborhood its unique character and charm. Study the patterns which contribute to the richness of the neighborhood and choose those that are consistent with the character of your home. Identifying and defining each neighborhood by its own special character helps to define important design criteria for an individual project. Here are some broad characteristics to define and distinguish the neighborhood character and streetscape patterns in various districts in Palo Alto where most pre -1940 houses are located. Craftsman Examples: Professorville, Community Center and Old Palo Alto - Most of the homes were built prior to the 1940s. - Streets are lined with mature trees, which provide a unifying feature. - Landscape strips exist with street trees between sidewalk and street. - Lots are generally narrow with houses consistently set back on the lot. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 41 IV. COMPLETING THE WORKSHEET - Predominant architectural styles include the bungalow and craftsman style. - - Front porches are common as are low fences with houses visible from the street. - Garages are generally detached and located in the rear of the lot with a narrow driveway to the street, minimizing views of parking areas and pavement. Mixed Examples: College Terrace, Ventura, Old South Palo Alto, Downtown North - Mixed or eclectic neighborhoods are the least uniform in Palo Alto. - Amount of landscaping varies as does type and placement of street trees. - Mixed density and architectural style. On some blocks, there is no uniform pattern with respect to number of stories, lot size or garage location. - Nonetheless, elements of building appearance, size, placement on a lot and/or landscaping help unify diverse character and scale. Estates Examples: Crescent Park, some parts of Old Palo Alto - Lots are very wide and large, with substantial houses set back 40 feet or more from the street, having large side setbacks. - Trees and lush landscaping dominate the streetscape. - Planter strips add to the rich greenery along the street. - Predominant styles include Tudor, Colonial Revival and Mediterranean. - Houses are two and three stories. - Garages are detached in the rear. Rural Example: Barron Park - The character of rural neighborhoods is dominated by trees and foliage. - There are many trees, but no uniform street tree type. - The rural character is emphasized by the lack of curbs and sidewalks. - Streets are rambling and narrow. - The architecture is varied, but most houses are small, one story and set back from the street. 2. Identify the Architectural Character of Your Home and Other Homes in the Neighborhood Architectural character is derived from the harmonious combination of a number of character defining elements. These elements include materials and finishes, roof slope, ornamentation, massing, and window design and placement. Most pre -1.940 houses are built in a distinctive architectural style, which combines these elements in a characteristic pattern. Use Section V as a reference to help identify the character and distinguishing features of your house. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 42 • 3. Describe your proposed design fora remodel or replacement home in relationship to Neighborhood Character and Streetscape patterns Using the Worksheet, describe how your design fulfills the Streetscape and Open Spacerequirements and recommendations in Section III. Attach photographs or sketches to show models you used in designing your house. 4. Describe the Architectural Character of your proposed design in relationship to the Palo Alto architectural traditions and the original house. Using the Worksheet, describe how your design fulfills the Architectural Character requirements in Section III. Identify any portions or features of the original house which are being retained and integrated in the new design. Use photographs or sketches as needed. Attach any preliminary designs which explored option for retaining portions of the original house and explain why the proposed design was chosen. 5. Describe your proposed design. Explain your design objectives and any,unusual constraints. Describe how the design is internally consistent, including the proportions of its facade and harmony of materials and elements. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 43 SECTION V. GUIDE TO PALO ALTO ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND OTHER REFERENCES REFERENCES The Compatibility Standards are based on the following three reference documents. You may pick up copies of Historic and Architectural Resources of the City of Palo Alto and the Single Family Design Guidelines at the City Planning Department. All three references are also available at the Main Library. Additionally, several field guides and reprinted pattern books are available and provide useful information about historic residential buildings. Historic and Architectural Resources of the City of Palo Alto, City of Palo Alto, 1979. Historical description of Palo Alto architectural styles and neighborhoods. Rehab Right. How to Realize the Full Value of Your Old House, Helaine Kaplan Prentice and Blair Prentice, City of Oakland Planning Department, 1978, 1986 Single Family Design Guidelines. City of Palo Alto Planning Department, 1991. A Fjeld Guide to American Houses, McAlester, 1996. Reference guide defining house architectural style using major characteristics. House Styles in America, Massey, 1996. Reference guide defining house architectural style using major characteristics. Dover Reprints, 1890s to 1930s, various authors. House design guide books published from the 1890s to the 1 930s, and reprinted by Dover Publications, Inc. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 44 V. GUIDE TO STYLES AND REFERENCES PALO ALTO ARCHITECTURAL STYLES The following text and illustrations provide a brief overview of some of the characteristics of the major architectural styles of houses found in Palo Alto. It draws on the suggested reference materials, particularly the publication "Historical and Architectural Resources of the City of Palo Alto." A number of the styles depicted below reflect influences of other styles from the same or earlier periods. This guide describe styles which are predominant in Palo Alto or which represent unique local conditions and traditions. ITALIANATE VICTORIAN Predominant style in: College Terrace, Downtown. Examples throughout older neighborhoods. - 2 stories typical - Frequent large front entry porch substantially above grade - Unusual massing with dormer projections, bay windows and porches - Vertical emphasis - Fanciful wood trim and siding - Materials: varied painted redwood siding and trim with shingle roof QUEEN ANNE VICTORIAN Predominant style in: College Terrace, some parts of Old Palo Alto - 1, 2 or 3 stories - Steep roof pitch, complex roof forms - Picturesque asymmetrical plans, sometimes with corner towers, gables and bays - Porch or veranda common - Lacy wood ornament and trim with fish scale shingles, variety of textures - Materials: contrasting wood siding materials with shingles COLONIAL REVIVAL One of several styles in Professorville, Crescent Park and Old Palo Alto - 1 or 2 stories - Medium to steep roof pitch, with hip or gambrel roofs - Stately, regular massing, revival of Georgian plans and forms - Use of Classical details such as pediments with columns, Palladian windows - Raised pedimented portico entry - Materials: horizontal wood siding or shingle siding, with shingle roof and wood window shutters - Related styles: Greek Revival, Georgian Revival, Dutch Revival COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 45 V tit;IDE: 10 STYLES S AND RF:I LRFNCES • SHINGLE Predominant style in: Professorville. Old Palo Alto, Community Center - Late 19th century architectural style with New England influences - 1 or 2 stories with simple massing - Walls and roofs are covered in unpainted redwood shingles and include curving -surfaces - Brackets common at eaves, along with deep overhangs - Emphasis on wood craftsmanship and details - Shingle siding with no corner trims, roofing originally shingles as well - Irregular asymmetrical facade with steeply pitched roof, cross gables, and overhanging eaves sheltering extensive porches - Wood windows with divided panes of glass CRAFTSMAN Predominant style in: Professorville, Community Center - Materials: unpainted redwood shingles and siding with massive redwood timbers, boulders, and clinker bricks - Massing: generally low and horizontal - Roofs: Repeated shallow gabled roofs with wide sheltering overhangs, exp6sed rafters and supporting roof brackets - Architectural style arising from the late 19th and early 20th century Arts and Crafts movement which combined a respect for craftsmanship and natural material with a life lived close to nature - Most often found in bungalows and two story structures employing Figure 25: Sensitively designed new house incorporates the overhanging eaves, roof brackets and exposed rafters, use of unpainted wood shingles and trellises and other details of the Craftsman/Shingle style. COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 46 V' (i!'II)!..-.IOSIVIt.SAND REFERENCES overhanging roof lines with a horizontal emphasis. - Related to the Shingle Style, which also •uses redwood shingles and simplified details • - Frequent use of redwood in simple pergolas, fences and other built elements which continue building stele and blur the distinction between indoors and outdoors BUNGALOW Predominant Style in: Boyce Addition, Community Center. Downtown North - Approximate original construction date 1900s to 194Os - Generally 1 story Slightly raised large, deep entry porch on front of house - Shallow roof pitch and generally horizontal massing - Wood detail prevalent in details such as roof brackets, exposed rafters - Materials: wood siding, stucco, or shinates - Windows: true divided light windows, generally horizontal or square in shape, often with unusual mullion patterns repeated throughout house Figure 26: This Spanish Colonial Revival Style house exhibits the massive stucco - \walls, decorative ironwork and red barrel tile roof characteristic of the style and suited to Palo Alto's bright sunlight and Mediterranean climate. CON11'ATJBILJT1' REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 47 V. GUIDE TO STYLES AND REFERENCES SPANISH COLONIAL/MEDITERRANEAN Predominant Style in: Old Palo Alto. Crescent Park, Community Center Popular style in 1915-1940 in California - Many fine examples designed by Birge Clark, prominent local architect, which feature massive stuccoed walls with carefully irregular fenestration and ornamentation with colored tiles and wrought iron. _ - Asymmetrical building massing of one or two stories, often partially enclosing courtyards and incorporating arcades and pergolas. - Use of stucco or timbered arcades to create shade and indoor/outdoor transition - Massive looking walls with recessed windows - Shallow pitch tile roof. with hip or gabled roofs, some flat roofs with tile - covered shed roofs over windows and doors. - Colors - Light colored walls, red clay roof tiles, frequent use of colorful glazed tile as accent -Materials: stucco walls with heavy wood timbers, wood or wrought iron railings and clay tile roof - Windows: Occasional use of heavily recessed arched windows, sometimes in series. - Windows generally composed on multi -panned metal or wooden casements. - Related styles: Mission Revival, Monterey style, Spanish Eclectic. TUDOR Found throughout Crescent Park, Community Center and Old Palo Alto. Characteristic of "estate" neighborhoods with traditional, more formal styles. - 20th century interpretation of English Tudor architectural style - 1 or 2 stories typical - Vertical emphasis - Steeply pitched roof, prominent front cross gable, all with shallow overhangs - Sense of mass in walls with recessed wiiidows - Grouped windows with vertical emphasis, often casements, with multi -pane glazing - Materials: stucco walls, often with wood trim (half-timbering common) and accents - Massive chimneys with one or more chimney pots - Related styles: French Eclectic MODERNE - Popular in 1930s -Streamlined and/cr geometric detailing, often with curved lines COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 48 V. GUIDE TO STYLES AND REFERENCES -Simplified detailing - Asymmetrical massing -Generally flat roofs with parapet terminus. -Materials: generally smooth stucco walls, metal windows, horizontal emphasis - Related styles: Streamlined, Prairie, Minimal Traditional COMPATIBILITY REVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 49 SECTION VI. COMPATIBILITY WORKSHEET Please complete this worksheet and submit with your proposed remodel or replacement home design for review according to the Compatibility Standards. Attach any requested or relevant photographs or sketches and other information. Propert Address: Assessor's Parcel No. Property Own (address) er: (phone) Architect/ Design (address) er (phone) Proposed Action: Alteration with removal of over 50% of exterior walls Alteration with removal or alteration to street -facing facade Demolition of Contributing residence and construction of replacement residence Alteration of less than 50% of exterior walls with retention of street -facing facade (s) (Advisory only, review not required) 1. Identify Elements of Ne (Attach Photo montage of block fc ighborhood Character ce and other relevant photographs) NEIGHBORHOOD LOT SIZE PATTE Neighborhood Name(s) Predominant Lot Size RN Your Lot Size Special features of your lot COMPATIBILITY R EVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 50 VI. COMPATIBILITY WORKSHEET CHARACTERISTIC FRONT (PREVAILING) SETBACK Setback of existing residence Neighbors Front Setback house on left (when facing the house) house on right Setbacks for houses on your side of the street (your block only) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7' 8 Setbacks for houses on other side of the street (your biock only) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (Note: measure from sidewalk, then subtract distance from sidewalk to property line) Prevailing Setback (Note: this is the line behind which 75% of the houses are located): NEIGHBORHOOD GARAGE PLACEMENT PATTERN Number of houses on your biock, counting both sides of the street, with each type of placement pattern: 1. Detached rear yard: Detached with alley access: Attached behind front facade: Attached in front facade: COMPATtBIL[TY R EVIEW STANDARDS PAGE 4 51 NEIGHBORHOOD "GARDEN FRONT" and PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY PATTERNS Driveway Patterns (summarize typical placement, width, materials): Street Trees (summarize typical type, planting interval, width, materials): Planter Strips (summarize typical irrigation & planting treatment): Landscaping: (summarize existing patterns for lawn, style, materials, presence of mature trees/fence height, design, materials, location) 2. Identify Architectural Character of the Original Home, if it is being retained. Provide photographs to illustrate the following elements: Include Historic Photographs, if any are available. Date of Construction (note source of information) Name of Architect and/or builder Historical Events/Associations, if known COMPATIBILITY R EVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 52 Identify Architectural Style of Original Horne: Other Stylistic Influences: Distinctive Features: Entry Features (front porch or other entry form): Building Massing (one or two story, massing and form): Roofs (materials, pitch, gable hip or other form, detailing): COMPATIBILITY R EV!EW STANDARDS PAGE • 53 Walls and Finishes (materials, paint): Windows (shape, materials, mullion designs): 3. Describe your proposed design for a remodel or replacement residence in relationship to Neighborhood Character and Streetscape patterns Neighborhood Pattern Proposed Prevailing Setback: Driveway: Width and Material Public Right of Way: Street Trees Planting Strips Landscaping 4. Describe the Architectural Character of your proposed design in relationship to Palo Alto architectural traditions and the original house Architectural Style of Original House (if being retained): COMPATIBILITY R EVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 54 Architectural Features of Original House to be Retained Materials or other Elements to be Reused Architectural Style of Proposed Design (if replacement residence is proposed) Predominant Architectural Styles in Neighborhood Explain how the following elements of the Proposed Design relate to elements found in the neighborhood and/or the original house: Windows Entry Features COMPATIBILITY R EV1EW STANDARDS PAGE • 55 r • Building Massing (note setbacks, roof design and other measures to reduce apparent bulk) Building Massing (note efforts to reduce privacy and shade impacts on neighbors) Roof Design Walls and Finishes (Note: show materials and finishes on development plans) Cite sources for the architectural features included in your design; include Xeroxes from sources listed in the Compatibility Review Standards, photographs of local examples, etc. COMPATIBILITY R EN/JEW STANDARDS PAGE • 56 5. Proposed Design: Internal consistency and relation to design objectives What were the design objectives for this house: How were they achieved: What elements and characteristics contribute to the consistency of the design (materials, construction techniques, etc.): COMPATIBILITY R EVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 57 CREDITS Palo Alto City Council Ron Anderson Gary Fa77ino Joseph Huber Liz Kniss Jean McCown Dick Rosenbaum Micki Schneider Joe Simitian Lanie Wheeler Planning and Community Environment Department Staff Ken Schreiber, Director Nancy Lytle, Chief Planning Official Virginia Warheit, Senior Planner Compatibility Review Standards Preparation Alison Kendall, AICP, AK Planning & Design Virginia Warheit, Senior Planner, City of Palo Alto Dan Solomon, FAIA, Solomon, Inc.. Palo Alto residents provided some of the photographs and contributed much other helpful information for the development of the Compatibility Review Standards. COMPATIBILITY R EVIEW STANDARDS PAGE • 58 EXHIBIT "B" Standards For Historic Designation: The following Standards for Historic Designation would replace the -existing Historic Categories and Criteria for Designation found in Section 16.49.020 (b) and Section 16.040 (b) of the Historic Preservation Ordinance. The current designation Categories 1 2, 3 and 4 would be - replace by two categories-- Landmark and Contributor. The current designation criteria would be replaced by the new Criteria for Evaluating the Significance of Historical Resources. Criteria for Evaluatin. the Significance of Historical Resources A property would be deemed to be historically significant of it is found to be of significance to Palo Alto, the Bay Area, the State of California or the nation under one or more of the following criteria. Historic property may include buildings. structures, objects, landscape elements or natural features, e.g., El Palo Alto. 1. It is associated with events or patterns of events that haVe made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history and cultural heritage of California or the United States. It is associated with the lives of architects, builders, other persons or historical events that are important to Palo Alto, the Bay Area, the nation or to California's past. 3. It is an example of a type of building or is.con nected with a business or use which was once common, but is now rare, 4. It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, is particularly representative of an architectural style or way of life important to the city, region, state or nation, represents the work of a master, possesses high artistic values or contains elements demonstrating outstanding attention to architectural design, detail, materials or craftsmanship. - 5. It has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to the prehistory or history of Palo Alto, the Bay Area, the state or nation. Designated historic property will be categorized as a Landmark or Contributor according to the following definitions. Landmark Properties: Landmark properties are exceptional or major buildings, groups of buildings, structures, objects, landscape elements or natural features which are of preeminent national, state, Standards for Historic Designation Page 1 regional or local importance, exhibit meritorious work of the best architects, are an outstanding example of the stylistic development of architecture or landscape architecture in the United States, California, the Bay Area or Palo Alto, or are identified with historic people or with imporant events or activities in the city, region, state or nation. A property may be designated a landmark when it is one of a distinctive contiguous assembly of historically significant structures with a unified architectural theme or setting that creates a significant and distinguishable entity. The Landmark may have some exterior modifications, but the original character is retained. Contributing Properties: Contributing properties are buildings, groups of buildings, structures, objects or sites that relate to and support the historic character of a neighborhood grouping or district because of historical or cultural importance or in scale, materials, proportions, setting or other factors. A contributing property may have hadextensive or permanent changes made to the original design, such as inappropriate additions, extensive removal of architectural details or changes to exterior materials. Standards for Historic Designation Page 2