HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016-10-24 Ordinance 53911
160831 sh 016/Dev Services/2016 Code Cycle/Final Codes/2016-08-25 (2016 Code Cycle) ORD Amending Ch 16.06 Residential Code
Ordinance No. 5391
Ordinance of the Council of the City of Palo Alto Repealing
Chapter 16.06 of the Palo Alto Municipal Code and Amending Title
16 to Adopt a New Chapter 16.06, California Residential Code,
2016 Edition, and Local Amendments and Related Findings
The Council of the City of Palo Alto does ORDAIN as follows:
SECTION 1. Chapter 16.06 of Palo Alto Municipal Code is hereby amended by
repealing the Chapter in its entirety and adopting a new Chapter 16.06 to read as follows:
16.06.010 2016 California Residential Code adopted.
The California Residential Code, 2016 Edition, Title 24, Part 2.5 of the California Code of
Regulations, together with those omissions, amendments, exceptions and additions thereto, is
adopted and hereby incorporated in this Chapter by reference and made a part hereof the same
as if fully set forth herein.
Unless superseded and expressly repealed, references in City of Palo Alto forms, documents and
regulations to the chapters and sections of the former California Code of Regulations, Title 24,
2013, shall be construed to apply to the corresponding provisions contained within the California
Code of Regulations, Title 24, 2016. Ordinance No. 5218 of the City of Palo Alto and all other
ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby suspended and expressly
repealed.
Wherever the phrases "California Residential Code" or "Residential Code" are used in this code
or any ordinance of the city, such phrases shall be deemed and construed to refer and apply to
the California Residential Code, 2016 Edition, as adopted by this Chapter.
One copy of the California Residential Code, 2016 Edition, has been filed for use and examination
of the public in the Office of the Building Official of the City of Palo Alto.
16.06.020 2016 California Residential Code Appendix Chapters adopted.
The following Appendix Chapters of the California Residential Code, 2016 Edition, are adopted
and hereby incorporated in this Chapter by reference and made a part hereof the same as if fully
set forth herein:
A. Appendix H Patio Covers
B. Appendix K Sound Transmission
C. Appendix V Swimming Pool Safety Act
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16.06.030 Cross References to California Residential Code.
The provisions of this Chapter contain crossreferences to the provisions of the California
Residential Code, 2016 Edition, in order to facilitate reference and comparison to those
provisions.
16.06.040 Section 1.11.2.1.1 Duties and powers of the enforcing agency/Enforcement is
amended with the following language:
Section 1.11.2.1.1 Duties and powers of the enforcing agency/Enforcement
The responsibility for enforcement of building standards adopted by the State Fire
Marshal and published in the California Building Standards Code relating to fire and panic
safety and other regulations of the State Fire Marshal shall, except as provided in Section
1.11.2.1.2, be as follows:
1. The city, county or city and county with jurisdiction in the area affected by the
standard or regulation shall delegate the enforcement of the building standards
relating to fire and panic safety and other regulations of the State Fire Marshal as they
relate to Group R3 occupancies, as described in Section 310.1 of Part 2 of the
California Building Standards Code, to both enforcement divisions specific to their
areas of enforcement disciplines:
1.1 The chief of the fire authority of the city, county or city and county, or an
authorized representative and;
1.2. The chief building official of the city, county or city and county, or an
authorized representative.
16.06.050 Violations Penalties.
Any person, firm or corporation violating any provision of this chapter is guilty of a
misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be punished as provided in subsection (a) of
Section 1.08.010 of this code. Each separate day or any portion thereof during which any
violation of this chapter occurs or continues shall be deemed to constitute a separate offense,
and upon conviction thereof shall be punishable as provided in this section.
When the building official determines that a violation of this chapter or chapters 16.04, 16.05,
16.08, 16.14, 16.16 or 16.17 of this code has occurred, he/she may record a notice of pendency
of code violation with the Office of the County Recorder stating the address and owner of the
property involved. When the violation has been corrected, the building official shall issue and
record a release of the notice of pendency of code violation.
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160831 sh 016/Dev Services/2016 Code Cycle/Final Codes/2016-08-25 (2016 Code Cycle) ORD Amending Ch 16.06 Residential Code
16.06.060 Enforcement Citation authority.
The employee positions designated in this section may enforce the provisions of this chapter by
the issuance of citations; persons employed in such positions are authorized to exercise the
authority provided in Penal Code section 836.5 and are authorized to issue citations for
violations of this chapter. The designated employee positions are: (1) chief building official; (2)
building inspection supervisor; and (3) code enforcement officer.
16.06.070 Local Amendments.
The provisions of this Chapter shall constitute local amendments to the crossreferenced
provisions of the California Residential Code, 2016 Edition, and shall be deemed to replace the
crossreferenced sections of said Code with the respective provisions set forth in this Chapter.
16.06.080 Reserved.
16.06.090 Section R105.1.2 Demolition permits is added to read:
Section R105.1.2 Demolition Permits. In addition to other requirements of law, every
person seeking a permit to demolish a unit used for residential rental purposes shall
furnish an affidavit or declaration under penalty of perjury that the unit proposed to be
demolished is vacant, or that notice to vacate has been given to each tenant lawfully in
possession thereof as required by law or by the terms of such tenancy. No work or
demolition shall begin upon any portion of such a unit until each and every portion has
been vacated by all tenants lawfully in possession thereof.
16.04.100 Section R105.5 Expiration is amended to read:
R105.5 Expiration. Every permit issued shall become invalid unless the work on
the site authorized by such permit is commenced within 180 days after its
issuance, or if the work authorized on the site by such permit is suspended or
abandoned for a period of 180 days after the time the work is commenced. The
chief building official is authorized to grant, in writing, one or more extensions of
time, for periods not more than 180 days each and may require;
1) that the construction documents be revised to partially or fully
comply with current codes, and
2) payment of a fee.
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160831 sh 016/Dev Services/2016 Code Cycle/Final Codes/2016-08-25 (2016 Code Cycle) ORD Amending Ch 16.06 Residential Code
Extensions shall be requested in writing and justifiable cause demonstrated. For
the purpose of this section, failure to progress a project to the next level of
required inspection shall be deemed to be suspension of the work.
16.06.110 Section R108.5 Refunds is amended to read:
R108.5 Refunds. The building official or permit center manager may authorize the
refund of any fee paid hereunder which was erroneously paid or collected. The building
official or permit center manager may authorize the refund of not more than eighty
percent (80%) of the permit fee paid when no work has occurred under a permit issued
pursuant to this Chapter. The building official or permit center manager may authorize
the refund of not more than eighty percent (80%) of the Plan Review Fee paid when a
permit application is withdrawn or canceled before any plan review work has started.
16.06.120 Section R109.1.3 Floodplain Inspection is amended to read:
R109.1.3 Floodplain Inspections. In flood hazard areas, upon placement of the lowest
floor, including the basement, and prior to further vertical construction, the elevation
certification shall be submitted to City Public Works Engineering for inspection approval
prior to foundation inspection by city building inspection.
16.06.130 Section R109.5 ReInspection Fees Assessed/Authorized is added to read:
R109.5 ReInspection Fees. A ReInspection Fee may be assessed/authorized by the
building official or building inspection supervisor for each reinspection required when
work for which an inspection is requested is not ready for inspection or when required
corrections noted during prior inspections have not been completed. Inspection
1.The inspection record card is not posted or otherwise available on the work site,
2.The approved plans are not readily available for the inspector at the time of
inspection,
3.The inspector is unable to access the work at the time of inspection, or;
4.When work has substantially deviated from the approved plans without the prior
approval of the building official.
5.When a ReInspection Fee is assessed, additional inspection of the work will not be
performed until the fee has been paid.
16.06.140 Section R110.1 Use and Occupancy is amended to read:
R110.1 Use and Occupancy. No building or structure shall be used or occupied, and no
change in the existing occupancy classification of a building or structure or portion
thereof shall be made, until the building official has issued a certificate of occupancy
therefor as provided herein. Issuance of a certificate of occupancy shall not be
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160831 sh 016/Dev Services/2016 Code Cycle/Final Codes/2016-08-25 (2016 Code Cycle) ORD Amending Ch 16.06 Residential Code
construed as an approval of a violation of the provisions of this code or of other
ordinances of the jurisdiction.
Exception: Certificates of occupancy are not required for work exempt from
permits under Section 105.2:
1. Group R Division 3 occupancies
2. Group U occupancies
16.06.150 Section R202 amended Definitions added.
Section R202 of the California Residential Code is amended to include the following definitions:
DUAL SENSOR PHOTOELECTRIC/IONIZATION SMOKE DETECTOR OR ALARM. A
smoke alarm or detector that utilizes both photoelectric and ionization methods
in a single device.
DUAL SENSOR CARBON MONOXIDE AND SMOKE ALARM. A combination carbon
monoxide and smoke alarm or detector that senses both smoke and CO in a single
device.
PHOTOELECTRIC SMOKE DETECTOR OR ALARM. A smoke alarm or detector that
uses a lightsource to detect the presence of smoke.
WILDLANDURBAN INTERFACE FIRE AREA is a geographical area identified by
Resources Code Sections 4201 through 4202 and Government Code Sections
51175 through 51189, or other areas designated by the enforcing agency to be
at a significant risk from wildfires. Within the city limits of the City of Palo Alto,
Fire Hazard
16.06.160 Table 301.2(1) Climatic and Geographic Design Criteria: Section Table 301.2(1)
of the California Residential Code is added to read:
TABLE R301.2(1)
CLIMATIC AND GEOGRAPHIC DESIGN CRITERIA
GROUND
SNOW LOAD
WIND DESIGN SEISMIC
DESIGN
CATEGORY
SUBJECT TO DAMAGE FROM
Speed
(mph)
Topographic
effects
Weathering Frost
line
depth
Termite
0 85 No D1 thru E Negligible Very High
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16.06.170 Section R310.2.3.3 Window Well Fall Protection: Section R310.2.3.3 of the
California Residential Code is added to read:
R310.2.3.3 Window Well Fall Protection. Window wells with a vertical depth greater
than 30 inches shall have guards on all sides. The guards shall be provided in accordance
with Section R312.1. Openings shall comply with Section R312.1.3. Access ladder shall
comply with Section R310.2.1 and shall extend from the bottom of the well to the top of
the guard.
16.06.180 Section R310.4.1 Security Bars: Section R310.4.1 of the California Residential
Code is added to read:
R310.4.1 Security Bars. Fire Department plan check review and approval of all security
bar submittals shall be required prior to the issuance of a Building Permit.
16.06.190 Section R313.2 One and twofamily dwellings automatic fire sprinkler
systems. Section R313.2 of the California Residential Code is amended to read:
R313.2 One and twofamily dwellings automatic fire sprinkler systems.
Approved automatic sprinkler systems in new buildings and structures and in
existing modified buildings and structures, shall be provided in the locations
described in this section. Automatic fire sprinklers shall be installed per the
requirements set forth in Sections 903.2.1 through 903.2.18 and as follows,
whichever is the more restrictive:
1. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all new
buildings and structures.
Exception: New residential occupancies, buildings or structures
that do not exceed 350 square feet of building area.
WINTER
DESIGN
TEMP.
(OF)
ICE BARRIER
UNDERLAYEMENT
REQUIRED
FLOOD
HAZARDS
AIR
FREEZING
INDEX
MEAN
ANNUAL
TEMP.
(OF)
40 No See
Footnotes
n thru p
0 55
a)nThe City of Palo Alto entered
National Flood Insurance Program in 1979.
o The effective date of the current Flood Insurance Study and Flood Insurance Rate Map is May 18, 2009.
p The panel numbers and dates of all currently effective FIRMs and FBFMs: 06085CIND0A, 06085C0010H,
06085C0015H through 06085C0019H, 06085C0030H, 06085C0036H , 06085C0038H , 06085C0180H ,
06085C0185H ( May 18, 2009 for all)
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2. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided for all existing buildings
or structures where modifications have been determined by the Building
Official to trigger requirements for seismic retrofit.
3. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all
existing buildings when modifications are made that create an increase
in fire area to more than 3600 square feet or when the addition is equal
or greater than 50% of the existing building square footage whichever is
more restrictive.
4. An automatic sprinkler system shall be provided throughout all new
basements regardless of size and throughout existing basements that are
expanded by more than 50% or is conditioned for use. If the addition is
only the basement, then only the basement is required to be fire
sprinkler protection.
5. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout when either
the roof structure or exterior wall structure have been removed and/ or
replaced by at least 50% of the existing structure.
6. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout when any
change in use or occupancy creating a more hazardous fire/life safety
condition, as determined by the Fire Chief.
16.04.193 Section R313.1.1 Design and installation
Section R313.1.1 of the California Residential Code is amended to read as follows:
R313.1.1 Design and installation. Where allowed, automatic sprinkler systems
installed in townhouses shall be installed throughout in accordance with NFPA
13D and State and local standards.
16.04.195 Section R313.2.1 Design and installation
Section R313.2.1 of the California Residential Code is amended to read as follows:
R313.2.1 Design and installation. R313.2.1 Design and installation. Where
allowed, automatic sprinkler systems installed in oneand twofamily detached
dwellings shall be installed throughout in accordance with NFPA 13D and Stat
and local standards.
16.06.200 Section R314.1 Smoke detection and notification.
Section R314.1 of the California Residential Code is amended to read:
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R314.1 Smoke detection and notification. Listed single and multiplestation
smoke alarms complying with UL 217 shall be installed in accordance with the
California Fire Code Sections
installation and use instructions.
Smoke alarms and smoke detectors shall be in compliance with this code or
subject to the provisions of the Health and Safety Code, they shall also be listed
and approved for rapid response to smoldering synthetic materials. All smoke
alarms or detectors shall be of the photoelectric type or shall have equivalent
detection capabilities in compliance with UL 217.
Exception: A combination photoelectric/ionization smoke alarm or
detector may be used if located no closer than 20 feet to a kitchen,
bathroom, fireplace or woodburning stove.
16.06.205 Section R319.1 Address Numbers.
The following subsections are added to Section R319.1 of the California Residential Code:
R319.1.1 Address illumination. Address identification required by Section
R319.1 shall be illuminated.
R319.1.2 Address identification size. Address numbers and letters shall be sized
as follows:
1. When the structure is between thirtysix (36) and fifty (50) feet from the
road or other emergency means of access, a minimum of onehalf inch
2. When the structure is fifty (50) or more feet from the road or other
emergenc
16.06.210 Section R322.1 General.
The following paragraph is added to Section R322.1 of the California Residential Code:
Palo Alto Flood Hazard Regulations. Notwithstanding the provisions of this
section, all construction or development within a flood hazard area (areas
depicted as a Special Flood Hazard Area on Flood Insurance Rate Maps published
by the Federal Emergency Management Agency) shall comply with the City of
Palo Alto Flood Hazard Regulations (Palo Alto Municipal Code Chapter 16.52).
Where discrepancies exist between the requirements of this code and said
regulations, the provisions of said regulations shall apply.
16.06.220 Section R327.1.5 Vegetation management compliance. Section
R327.1.5 of the California Residential Code is amended to read:
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R327.1.5 Vegetation management compliance. Prior to building permit final approval,
the property shall be in compliance with the vegetation management requirements
prescribedin California Fire Code section 4906, including California Public Resources
Code 4291 or California Government Code Section 51182. Acceptable methods of
compliance inspection and documentation shall be determined by the enforcing agency
and may include any of the following:
1. Local, state, or federal fire authority or designee authorized to enforce vegetation
management requirements.
2. Enforcing agency City of Palo Alto Fire Inspection shall inspect the aforementioned
requirements and indicate compliance prior to building division final inspection sign
off.
3. Third party inspection and certification authorized to enforce vegetation
management requirements.
4. Property owner certification authorized by the enforcing agency.
16.06.230 Section R403.1.3 Seismic Reinforcing. Section R403.1.3 of the California
Residential Code is amended to read:
R403.1.3 Seismic reinforcing. Concrete footings located in Seismic Design Categories D0,
D1 and D2, as established in Table R301.2.2.1.1 , shall have minimum reinforcement of at
least three continuous longitudinal reinforcing bars, one top and two bottom and not
smaller than No. 4 bars. Bottom reinforcement shall be located a minimum of 3 inches
(76 mm) clear from the bottom of the footing.
In Seismic Design Categories D0, D1 and D2 where a construction joint is created
between a concrete footing and a stem wall, a minimum of one No. 4 bar shall be
installed at not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center. The vertical bar shall extend to 3
inches (76 mm) clear of the bottom of the footing, have a standard hook and extend a
minimum of 14 inches (357 mm) into the stem wall.
In Seismic Design Categories D0, D1 and D2 where a grouted masonry stem wall is
supported on a concrete footing and stem wall, a minimum of one No. 4 bar shall be
installed at not more than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center. The vertical bar shall extend to 3
inches (76 mm) clear of the bottom of the footing and have a standard hook.
In Seismic Design Categories D0, D1 and D2 masonry stem walls without solid grout and
vertical reinforcing are not permitted.
16.06.240 Section R403.1.8 Foundations on expansive soils.
Section R403.1.8 of the California Residential Code is amended to read:
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R403.1.8 Foundations on expansive soils. Foundations and floor slabs for
buildings located on expansive soils shall be designed in accordance with Section
1808.6 or Table 1809.7 of the California Building Code.
Table 1809.7 of the California Building Code is added and amended to read:
TABLE 1809.7
Prescriptive Footings Supporting Walls of LightFrame Constructionabcd
Number of
Floors
Supported
by the
Footing e
Thickness of
Foundation
Wall
(inches)
Width of
Footing
(inches)
Thickness of
Footing
(inches)
Depth of
Foundation
Below
Natural
Surface of
Ground or
Finish
Grade
(inches)
1&2 8 15 8 20
3 8 18 8 30
Group U
Occupancies
8 12 8 12
a) The ground under the floor shall be permitted to be excavated to the
elevation of the top of the footing.
b) Interior studbearing walls shall be permitted to be supported by
isolated footings. The footing width and length shall be twice the width
shown in this table, and footings shall be spaced not more than 6 feet
on center.
c) See Section 1905 of California Building Code for additional
requirements for concrete footings of structures assigned to Seismic
Design Category C, D, E or F.
d) All foundations as required in the above Table shall be continuous and
have a minimum of three #4 bars of reinforcing steel, except for one
story, detached accessory buildings of Group U occupancy where two
bars are required.
e) Footings shall be permitted to support a roof in addition to the
stipulated number of floors. Footings supporting roof only shall be as
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required for supporting one floor.
16.06.245 Section R504.3.1 Projections exposed to weather.
Section R504.3.1 of the California Residential Code is amended to read:
R504.3.1 Projections exposed to weather. Floor projections exposed to the weather and
sealed underneath, including but not limited to balconies, landings, decks, and stairs shall
be constructed of naturally durable wood, preservativetreated wood, corrosionresistant
(e.g. galvanized) steel, or similar approved materials.
16.06.250 Table R602.10.3(3) Bracing Requirements Based on Seismic Design Category.
Footnote e is added to Table R602.10. 3(3) to read as follows:
e. In Seismic Design Categories D0, D1 and D2, Methods GB and PCP are not permitted.
16.06.253 Section R703.8.5.1 Locations.
Section R703.8.1 of the California Residential Code is added to read:
R703.8.5.1 Locations. Flashing shall be installed at wall and roof intersections, gutters,
wherever there is a change in roof slope or direction, and around roof openings. Where
flashing is of metal, the metal shall be corrosion resistant with a thickness of not less than
0.019 inches (0.483 mm) (e.g. no. 26 galvanized sheet) and shall be primed and painted.
16.06.255 Section R806.6 Ventilation of weatherexposed enclosed assemblies.
Section R806.6 of the California Residential Code is added to read:
R806.6 Ventilation of weatherexposed enclosed assemblies. Exterior projecting elements
and appurtenances exposed to the weather and sealed underneath, including but not
limited to balconies, landings, decks, and stairs, shall have cross ventilation for each
separate enclosed space by ventilation openings protected against the entrance of rain and
snow. Blocking and bridging shall be arranged so as not to interfere with the movement of
air. The net free ventilating area shall not be less than 1/150th of the area of the space
ventilated. Ventilation openings shall comply with Section R806.1 . An access panel of
sufficient size shall be provided on the underside of the enclosed space to allow for
periodic inspection.
Exceptions:
1. An access panel is not required where the exterior coverings applied to the
underside of joists are easily removable using only common tools.
2. Removable soffit vents 4 inches minimum in width can be used to satisfy both
ventilation and access panel requirements.
16.06.260 Section R902.1.4 Roofing requirements in a WildlandUrban Interface Fire Area.
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Section R902.1.4 of the California Residential Code is amended to read:
R902.1.4 Roofing requirements in a Wild LandUrban Interface Fire Area. The
entire roof covering on new structures and existing structures on which more
than 50 percent of the total roof area is replaced within any oneyear period,
and any roof covering applied in the alteration, repair or replacement of roofs on
existing structures, shall be a fireretardant roof covering that is at least Class A.
Roofing requirements for structures located in a WildlandUrban Interface Fire
Area shall also comply with Section R327.5.
16.06.270 Section R1003.9.2.1 Repairs, replacements and alterations.
Section R1003.9.2.1 is added to the California Residential Code to read:
R1003.9.2.1 Repairs, replacements and alterations. When any repair,
replacement or alteration to the roof of an existing structure is performed, a
spark arrester shall be installed on the existing chimney in accordance with
Section R1003.9.2.
SECTION 2. The Council adopts the findings for local amendments to the
California Residential Code, 2013 Edition, attached hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated
herein by reference.
SECTION 3. The Council finds that this project is exempt from the provisions of
Guidelines, because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the
amendments herein adopted will have a significant effect on the environment.
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SECTION 4. This ordinance shall be effective on the thirtyfirst day after the date
of its adoption.
INTRODUCED: October 4, 2016
PASSED: October 24, 2016
AYES: BERMAN, BURT, FILSETH, HOLMAN, KNISS, SCHARFF, SCHMID
NOES:
ABSENT: DUBOIS, WOLBACH
ABSTENTIONS:
ATTEST:
City Clerk Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM: APPROVED:
Senior Deputy City Attorney City Manager
Director of Development Services
Director of Administrative Services
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160831 sh 016/Dev Services/2016 Code Cycle/Final Codes/2016-08-25 (2016 Code Cycle) ORD Amending Ch 16.06 Residential Code
Exhibit A
FINDINGS FOR LOCAL AMENDMENTS
TO CALIFORNIA RESIDENTIAL CODE (CRC)
Section 17958 of the California Health and Safety Code provides that the City may make
changes to the provisions of the California Building Standards Code. Sections 17958.5 and
17958.7 of the Health and Safety Code require that for each proposed local change to those
provisions of the California Building Standards Code which regulate buildings used for human
habitation, the City Council must make findings supporting its determination that each such
local change is reasonably necessary because of local climatic, geological, or topographical
conditions.
Code: CRC
Section Title Add Deleted Amended Justification
(See below for
keys)
R 202 Definition (Dual Sensor Carbon
Monoxide and Smoke Alarm)
T
Table R301.2(1) Climatic and Geographic Design
Criteria
C, G, T
R310.2.3.3 Window Well Fall Protection T
R 310.4.1 Security Bars T
R313.1.1 Design and installation T
R 313.2 One and Two Family Dwellings
Automatic Spr. Syst.
T
R313.2.1 Design and installation T
R313.3.1.1 Required sprinkler locations T
R 314.1 Smoke Detection and Notification C, T
R 319.1 Address Identification T
R 322.1 Flood Hazard Regulations T
R 327.1.5 Vegetation Management
Compliance
T
R403.1.3 Seismic Reinforcing G
R 403.1.8 Foundation on expansive Soils G, T
R 504.3.1 Projections exposed to weather G, T
Table R602.10.3(3) Bracing Requirements Based on
Seismic Design Category
G
R 703.8.5.1 Flashing Locations T
R 806.6 Ventilation of WeatherExposed,
Enclosed Assemblies
G, T
R902.1.4 Roofing Requirements in Wildland
Urban Interface Fire Area
T
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R1003.9.2.1 Repairs, Replacements and
Alterations
T
Appendix H Patio Covers C
Appendix K Sound Transmission C
Appendix V Swimming Pool Safety Act C, G
Key to Justification for Amendments to Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations
This amendment is justified on the basis of a local climatic condition. The seasonal climatic
conditions during the late summer and fall create severe fire hazards to the public health and
welfare in the City. The hot, dry weather frequently results in wild land fires on the brush
covered slopes west of Interstate 280. The aforementioned conditions combined with the
geological characteristics of the hills within the City create hazardous conditions for which
departure from California Building Standards Code is required.
C
G
T
This amendment is justified on the basis of a local geological condition. The City of Palo
Alto is subject to earthquake hazard caused by its proximity to San Andreas fault. This
fault runs from Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma
Prieta earthquake, then on up the San Francisco Peninsula, then offshore at Daly City near
Mussel Rock. This is the approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco
earthquake. The other fault is Hayward Fault. This fault is about 74 mi long, situated
mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay. Both of
these faults are considered major Northern California earthquake faults which may
experience rupture at any time. Thus, because the City is within a seismic area which
includes these earthquake faults, the modifications and changes cited herein are designed
to better limit property damage as a result of seismic activity and to establish criteria for
repair of damaged properties following a local emergency.
The City of Palo Alto topography includes hillsides with narrow and winding access, which
makes timely response by fire suppression vehicles difficult. Palo Alto is contiguous with the
San Francisco Bay, resulting in a natural receptor for storm and waste water runoff. Also the
City of Palo Alto is located in an area that is potentially susceptible to liquefaction during a
major earthquake. The surface condition consists mostly of stiff to dense sandy clay, which is
highly plastic and expansive in nature. The aforementioned conditions within the City create
hazardous conditions for which departure from California Building Standards Code is
warranted.
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