HomeMy WebLinkAbout2022-11-02 Utilities Advisory Commission Summary MinutesUtilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 1 of 19
UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION MEETING
MINUTES OF NOVEMBER 2, 2022 SPECIAL MEETING
CALL TO ORDER
Chair Segal called the meeting of the Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) to order at 6:02p.m.
Present: Chair Segal, Vice Chair Johnston, Commissioners Forssell, Metz, Scharff, and Smith
(arrived at 6:03 pm)
Absent: Commissioner Bowie
AGENDA REVIEW AND REVISIONS
None
ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
None
APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES
Chair Segal noted the October 12, 2022, draft minutes were not ready for review and would be
available at the December 7, 2022, UAC meeting.
UTILITIES DIRECTOR REPORT
Dean Batchelor, Utilities Director, delivered the Director's Report.
Gas Safety Outreach: Throughout the year, the City of Palo Alto Utilities (CPAU) delivers a variety
of outreach materials to the community about utility safety. An important element of our public
awareness program is the annual distribution of our gas safety awareness brochure. Per Federal
Department of Transportation regulations, we directly mail this information to all customers,
non-customers living near a gas pipeline, public officials, emergency responders, excavators,
contractors, and locators working in Palo Alto. Gas safety brochures will be delivered in
November. If interested in additional details about gas safety or this outreach, please visit
cityofpaloalto.org/safeutility.
Gas Safety Awareness Surveys: It is important to assess the effectiveness of our outreach for gas
safety to guide our actions, and it is also required for public awareness per the Federal
Department of Transportation. A primary way most utilities, including CPAU, do this is by
0
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 2 of 19
contacting stakeholders through a randomized phone or email survey to ask questions about gas
safety. Questions address items such calling USA 811 before digging, who to call and what to do
in case of a gas leak, among others. Within the next month or so, we will engage with a contractor
to conduct these stakeholder awareness surveys. If you get a call, we thank you in advance for
helping us out by answering the questions!
Water Efficiency Workshops: Tuesday, November 1 marked the last of a series of fall landscape
workshops hosted by CPAU and the Bay Area Water Supply & Conservation Agency (BAWSCA).
The workshops covered topics of rainwater harvesting, lawn conversion, and available rebates.
Attendance was strong, with 91 residents participating over the course of the three workshops.
These workshops are a great way for residents to learn from landscape experts about how to use
water efficiently outdoors.
One Water Plan: The One Water Plan is evaluating alternative water supplies to make the City’s
water supply more resilient. Palo Alto is assessing key regional uncertainties and water supply
risks such as projected shortages under multi-year droughts. The City will hold its second
community workshop on December 6 at 5:30 p.m. to continue the conversation about water
supply and conservation options and review draft evaluation criteria for the plan. The workshop
will be at the Mitchell Park Community Center. Those unable to attend in person may join via
Zoom. A link is available on our website at cityofpaloalto.org/workshops.
Water Supply Update: The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC) continues to call
for voluntary water use reductions for the Regional Water System. Palo Alto’s voluntary cutback
level is 8%. The City has taken measures to aid in community water saving efforts, including
increasing education and outreach, implementing water use restrictions such as limiting
irrigation to two days per week, except to ensure the health of trees and other perennial non-
turf plantings, and hiring a water waste coordinator. These actions seem to be making an impact.
For January through April 2022, after the driest January through March in recorded history, Palo
Alto’s cumulative usage was 17% above the cumulative water budget from SFPUC. Palo Alto has
now reduced its cumulative water usage to 7% above the water budget for January through
October 2022. For the billing months of July through October 2022, Palo Alto has reduced its
water use 10% compared to the baseline of Fiscal Year 2020.
Making Better Choices in Your Home Event: On Saturday, October 15, the City hosted a
workshop titled “Making Better Choices in Your Home.” More than 100 community members
attended and spoke with experts and staff about beneficial electrification, including heat pump
water and space heating, induction cooking, upgrading electrical panels, electric vehicles and
bikes. Twenty-two residents signed up at the event to learn more about the City’s new pilot
program offering financing options for installing a heat pump water heater. Participants entered
a free raffle to win sustainability-related prizes, and six community members won the top prize
of a free Home Efficiency Genie Assessment.
Electric Vehicle Events: On Sunday, October 30, 2022 hosted 2 events.
Morning event from 9 a.m.-Noon:
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Frunk or Treat @ Cal Ave*: Over 250 people came and checked out ten awesome EVs – Rivian
R1T, Fiat 500e, Rivian R1S, Hyundai Ioniq 5, Mustang Mach-E, VW ID.4, Nissan Leaf, Tesla Model
Y, Kia EV 6 and Ford F-150 Lightning – on display. The adults were very engaged with some even
asking the EV owners/ambassadors if the cars were on display for sale and the kids enjoyed trick
or treating in the frunks and trunks filled with goodies. We "sold out" of over 1.5k pieces of trick-
or-treat candy and hundreds of City swag items like cute reminder tags related to water
conservation (a project started by some students and provided to use for free), jar grippers,
nightlights, cellphone fans, efficiency tips playing cards, hose nozzles, and reusable backpack-
tote bags. This was an amazing pre-Halloween event for both adults and kids decked out in cute
and cool costumes.
*I staffed at this event.
Afternoon event from 1:30 p.m. – 4:00 p.m.:
EV Meet & Greet @ Congregation Kol Emeth*: Smaller event with about 50 attendees and fewer
EVs on display, but there was a Polestar. This was an event geared more towards Congregation
members.
*We did not have City staff at this event.
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
None
NEW BUSINESS
ITEM 1: ACTION: Adoption of a Resolution Authorizing Use of Teleconferencing for Utilities
Advisory Commission Meetings During Covid-19 State of Emergency
ACTION: Vice Chair Johnston moved Staff recommendation that the Utilities Advisory
Commission (UAC) Adopt a Resolution (Attachment A) authorizing the use of teleconferencing
under Government Code Section 54953(e) for meetings of the Utilities Advisory Commission
(UAC) and its committees due to the COVID-19 declared state of emergency.
Seconded by Commissioner Metz.
Motion carries 6-0 with Chair Segal, Vice Chair Johnston, and Commissioners Forssell, Metz,
Smith, and Scharff voting yes.
Commissioner Bowie absent.
ITEM 2: ACTION: Staff Recommends the Utilities Advisory Commissioner Consider and Adopt an
Attendance Policy
Chair Segal requested any public comments. There were none.
Vice Chair Johnston suggested indicating Section 3 requirements do not apply for people
attending remotely pursuant to Section 4.
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Commissioner Scharff questioned whether the new Brown Act requirements have a limitation on
3 meetings a year.
Jennifer Fine, Deputy City Attorney, explained that the just cause provisions have a 2-meeting
limit and an overall limitation of not more than 20% of the body's meetings solely remotely.
Because this body meets 12 times a year, one cannot attend a third meeting remotely using these
new provisions.
Commissioner Scharff reviewed the approved reasons for meeting remotely and suggested
removing the phrase "actively discouraged." He felt if requirements were met, someone should
not be discouraged from attending remotely.
Chair Segal proposed rewording it more positively that members are encouraged to meet in
person. She stated a decision needed to be made on how many total meetings per year
commissioners may attend remotely. She questioned if it was possible to go beyond 3 total.
Ms. Fine stated that using the standard remote attendance rules, it is possible to go beyond 3
but once beyond 2, using the just cause or emergency provisions is not allowed.
Commissioner Scharff questioned the reason for a third remote attendance. There was further
discussion on this.
Commissioner Forssell questioned if the UAC has discretion on a policy of how many meetings
per year a commissioner can do standard remote attendance.
Ms. Fine stated the Commission has the discretion to decide how many meetings and agreed that
it was hypothetically possible to let commissioners attend every meeting remotely following the
posting requirements.
Commissioner Forssell stated the meaning of 2C was hard to understand.
Ms. Fine suggested to edit that to read, "A commission member who has already attended 2
meetings remotely in one calendar year for any reason may not attend another remotely under
Section 4."
Commissioner Scharff clarified that the real discretion is how many commission meetings in total
people would be allowed to attend remotely. He asked if there were any other discretionary
questions besides that.
Ms. Fine stated that the general policy statement on whether remote attendance is discouraged
or encouraged is also discretionary and listed other minor discretionary items that are Brown Act
minimums or streamlining options that could be edited. The included scripts are discretionary.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 5 of 19
Chair Segal stated there was also the timing of notice of a commissioner attending remotely
because of just cause or for emergency purposes. She felt the earliest possible opportunity was
reasonable.
Ms. Fine stated that requiring a particular minimum can ensure a quorum at the singular physical
location because if there is not a quorum at the singular physical location, none of the remote
attendees can attend under just cause or emergency circumstances.
Chair Segal suggested going through the discretionary items. For 2B, one proposal was to delete
the statement that attending remotely is actively discouraged and another was to state that
commission members are encouraged to attend commission meetings in person.
Vice Chair Johnston suggested stating that commission members are strongly encouraged to
appear in person.
Chair Segal asked if anyone objected to that phrasing. No one objected, and she requested to
propose that. Regarding 2C, she asked if the commissioners were comfortable with limit of 3
combined remote attendances.
Commissioner Forssell reiterated the clarification "for any reason."
Chair Segal read the revision, "A commission member who has already attended 2 meetings
remotely in 1 calendar year for any reason may not attend another remotely under Section 4."
There was discussion on this.
Commissioner Scharff suggested 4 since no one had a strong preference.
Council Liaison Cormack suggested using positive wording for Section 2C as well.
Chair Segal read the proposal, "Each commission member may attend up to 4 commission
meetings remotely per calendar year. A commission member who has already attended 2
meetings remotely in 1 calendar year for any reason may not attend another remotely under
Section 4." There was a proposal to leave Section 2D as a singular policy, that at least a quorum
must participate from a physical location within the City. She asked if anyone felt strongly about
splitting that policy.
Commissioner Forssell stated it would be confusing to change the longstanding tradition of
gathering in City Hall.
Ms. Fine stated that the script was open for modification and that the Commission could require
additional notice.
Chair Segal felt the members could be trusted to notify the Commission as soon as reasonably
possible. She asked if anyone desired changes to the prescription in Section 4C IV, reflecting the
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 6 of 19
statute in a way that makes it easy to follow and notify commissioners. Commissioners felt it
was helpful.
Vice Chair Johnston was concerned that it was not clear that it is not necessary to meet the
requirements of Section 3 under Section 4.
Chair Segal proposed the sentence, "The 3 different ways to attend remotely are as follows,"
listing each of them so it is clear they are separate. She restated the following modifications:
Under 2B, commissioners are strongly encouraged to attend commission meetings in person.
Under 2C, each commissioner may attend up to 4 commission meetings remotely in any calendar
year. A commission member who has already attended 2 remotely in one calendar year for any
reason may not attend another remotely under Section 4. The remote attendance policy does
not apply to emergency situations.
There was discussion on whether an action would be taken at this meeting.
ACTION: Commissioner Metz moved Staff recommendation that the Utilities Advisory
Commission (UAC) Adopt an Attendance Policy, as amended.
Seconded by Vice Chair Johnston.
Motion carries 6-0 with Chair Segal, Vice Chair Johnston, and Commissioners Forssell, Metz,
Smith, and Scharff voting yes.
Commissioner Bowie absent
Mr. Batchelor added that once the changes are made, it will be an informational for next month
so the Commission will be able to see it. If there is discussion, it can be brought back up then.
ITEM 3: ACTION: Staff Recommendation That the Utilities Advisory Commissioner Review and
Recommend the City Council Affirm the Continuation of the REC Exchange Program
Chair Segal asked for public comments. There were none.
Jim Stack, PhD, Senior Resource Planner, stated this presentation would be similar to those he
had shared previously with some discussion on the program's impacts to date and projections
for the future. He shared the results of the program so far. The program was adopted in the
summer of 2020 and involves selling excess in-state renewable energy (bucket 1 RECs) and
purchasing out-of-state renewable energy (bucket 3 RECs). These 2 products are equivalent in
terms of environmental and climate impacts, but due to the State's RPS regulations favoring use
of in-state RECs, there is a price premium for bucket 1 RECs compared to bucket 3. That
presented the City with an arbitrage opportunity. In 2020, the Council directed that two-thirds
of the net revenue the program generates for the first 2 years would be devoted toward supply
cost reductions in order to keep residential rates lower, with the remainder allocated toward
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 7 of 19
local decarbonization programs. For 2022 and beyond, all revenue would be allocated toward
local decarbonization efforts. The program has generated nearly $7M in net revenue to date. If
the program is continued into the future, that amount would gradually shrink as RPS level
requirements gradually increase every year, reducing the amount of excess bucket 1 renewable
energy available to sell. Projected cumulative net revenue for the next 5 years is $9M to $10M,
all of which would be devoted toward local decarbonization efforts, such as building
electrification programs. Functionally, there is no impact on the environmental quality of the
electric supply. With the REC Exchange Program in place, the emissions intensity is roughly the
same as the statewide average. Staff recommended the UAC recommend that the Council affirm
the continuation of the REC Exchange Program and that Council direct staff to return to the UAC
and City Council by 2027 to provide another review of the program's impacts.
Vice Chair Johnston felt the program had turned out very well and was pleased there has not
been a lot of pushback from the community. He commented that pushing the next report out to
2027 is too long and would prefer sometime around 2025.
Commissioner Forssell asked if before the REC Exchange Program, the City would buy RECs to get
to carbon neutral. She clarified that the baseline without REC exchanges is not in opposition to
the claim of carbon neutrality because in either case, the City is purchasing enough bucket 3 RECs
to get to carbon neutral.
Dr. Stack stated that was correct.
Commissioner Forssell asked for clarification of the statement on packet page 19 that some of
the City's older and smaller renewable energy contracts are set to expire, further reducing the
supply of bucket 1 RECs. She expected that expiring contracts would be replaced with other
renewable energy sources and questioned why the RECs from those energy sources would not
be available to do the REC exchange.
Dr. Stack stated that because there has been much surplus renewable energy, staff had not
assumed in the models that they would replace those small contracts. If the load grows to the
point where it needs to be replaced, it would be replaced with renewable energy. Staff will be
coming to the Commission next month with a discussion on long-term load forecasts with exciting
impacts from building and transportation electrification and some possible new commercial load
growths.
Commissioner Metz stated selling one financial instrument and buying another does nothing to
advance environmental sustainability. He felt buying bucket 3 RECs provided no renewable
additionality, which is the reason California sharply limits bucket 3 RECs and the reason bucket 3
RECs are so much cheaper than bucket 1 RECs. He felt this probably reduces renewable energy
and recommended, if this plan goes forward, using the money to generate renewable energy
locally plus increasing conservation rather than decarbonization.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 8 of 19
Dr. Stack believed there was a reasonable debate to be had about the additionality question. He
felt Palo Alto stepped up pretty early in renewable energy and had a big impact on that market.
Bucket 3 RECs have increased substantially over the past few years. This makes a meaningful
impact on the finances of the renewable energy developers.
Commissioner Forssell remembered the Commission raising the same concern about
additionality in 2019 or 2020. She remembered reading academic papers that indicated that
bucket 3 RECs had the necessary qualities in terms of carbon reduction, also noting the fact that
the California requirements may have been motivated by state legislators' desire to keep the
economic benefits of these projects in state.
Commissioner Metz stated electricity is about delivering energy at a certain place and time and
the definition of bucket 3 RECs is they do not have that time or place connection. He felt there
was an increasing problem with increasingly renewable resources being built and paid for and
not contributing renewable energy.
Chair Segal highlighted that multiple commission meetings were spent on this issue over time.
She stated this policy has already been approved by the City Council, and the question is whether
to continue it. On the question of whether the next review should be in 2027 or sooner, she
proposed 2025. She hoped that some documentation or review of old meetings would make
Commissioner Metz comfortable as it had been discussed previously.
ACTION: Vice Chair Johnston moved Staff recommendation that the Utilities Advisory
Commission (UAC) recommend that the City Council:
1) affirm the continuation of the “REC Exchange Program,” whereby the City exchanges
bundled RECs from its long-term renewable resources (Bucket 1 RECs) for Renewable Portfolio
Standard (RPS) eligible, unbundled RECs (Bucket 3 RECs),1 to the maximum extent possible, while
maintaining compliance with the state’s RPS regulations, in order to provide additional revenue
for local decarbonization efforts; and
2) direct staff to return to the UAC and City Council in 2025 to provide another review of
the program’s impacts.
Seconded by Commissioner Forssell.
Motion carries 6-0 with Chair Segal, Vice Chair Johnston, and Commissioners Forssell, Metz,
Smith, and Scharff voting yes.
Commissioner Bowie absent
ITEM 4: ACTION: Staff Recommends the Utilities Advisory Commission Recommend the Finance
Committee Recommend That the City Council Adopt a Resolution Amending the E-HRA (Electric
Hydro Rate Adjuster) Rate Schedule, Increasing the Current E-HRA Rate to $0.026/kWh Effective
January 1, 2023.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 9 of 19
Chair Segal requested any comments from the public, and there were none.
Eric Keniston, Sr. Resource Planner, stated this is a proposal to increase the Electric Hydro Rate
Adjustor, which was implemented several years ago to fund additional power purchases when
hydro supplies are low. This is a very low hydro year that requires going out for more market
power, which can be quite expensive, about twice what had originally been projected. Power
costs in FY22 were about $16M higher than what was budgeted. All of the hydro stabilization
reserve was used to help mitigate against that, and the existing Hydro Rate Adjustor was
implemented in April 2022 to help offset the effects. Right now the supply operations reserve is
only about 22M, with a minimum reserve guideline of around 18M. Because of regional and
worldwide problems, a lot of the resources are incredibly expensive. The estimate is upwards of
$9M higher than what is in the current budget. Without adding to the current Hydro Rate
Adjustor, the reserve will drop below the minimum guideline level by the end of this fiscal year.
Doubling the existing Hydro Rate Adjustor from 1.3 cents to 2.6 cents would bring in an additional
$5M for the rest of this fiscal year and should keep it above minimum guideline level. With the
upcoming electric rate increase in June, staff will likely bring in potential amendments to the
existing Hydro Rate Adjustor method, something more flexible that takes the budget into account
and a more fluid Hydro Rate Adjustor on customer bills.
Vice Chair Johnston questioned if the new increased Hydro Rate Adjustor would be implemented
as soon as it is approved by the City Council.
Mr. Keniston stated ideally the proposal would be in front of the Finance Committee in November
and to Council by December for a January 1 implementation. Within 6 months, if sales stay close
to projections, there should be about $5M additional in revenue to help offset costs.
Commissioner Metz asked if buying more gas-generated electricity with the fuel surcharge
compensates for the extra expense.
Mr. Keniston stated there is not a gas surcharge on the electric rates, just the Hydro Rate Adjustor
tacked on to cover additional market costs beyond hydro generation. Moving forward, the
existing Hydro Rate Adjustor may be turned to a Power Cost Adjustor to encompass the higher
market-related costs of procuring supplies greater than budget.
Commissioner Metz asked if the real problem is the large fixed cost for hydro and the variable
supply. He stated it seemed like the reason for this problem was trying to match a fixed cost to
a variable revenue source.
Mr. Keniston stated the Hydro Rate Adjustor is meant to recover the costs of when there is no
hydro. There are certain fixed costs related to hydroelectric, but the increased cost is related to
the variable of the market-based power. In future rate actions, staff might suggest putting in a
fixed charge for customers to better represent those fixed costs, but that will be forthcoming
with the rate changes for July 1, 2024.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 10 of 19
Mr. Batchelor added the Hydro Adjustor is flexible. When hydro is in good condition, these
charges go away. He stated there is a question of looking for other renewable energy, wind or
solar, to offset these costs.
Commissioner Scharff cautioned not to assume current conditions will last forever. The only
variable is if drought will be the new normal and then hydro would be a bad bet. He believed
hydro has been a great positive for the city and that the savings have far offset the added costs
in the dry years. He believed that increasing the Hydro Rate Adjustor was a measured response
and that people would get the benefit in a non-drought year. He supported the plan.
Commissioner Forssell agreed that the Hydro Rate Adjustor was a better tool than a complete
rate increase. She looked forward to staff coming back next time with something even more
flexible and supported this plan.
Chair Segal also supported the plan and liked the flexibility.
Council Liaison Cormack stated that the difference in the operations reserve balance needs to be
highlighted in the staff report.
ACTION: Vice Chair Johnston moved Staff recommendation that the Utilities Advisory
Commission (UAC) recommend the Finance Committee recommend that Council adopt a
resolution amending the Electric Hydro Rate Adjuster (E-HRA), effective January 1, 2023, to
reflect current hydrological conditions and market purchase costs. This would double the existing
E-HRA surcharges and discounts across all levels, increasing the current E-HRA rate from
$0.013/kwh to $0.026/kwh.
Seconded by Commissioner Forssell.
Motion carries 6-0 with Chair Segal, Vice Chair Johnston, and Commissioners Forssell, Metz,
Smith, and Scharff voting yes.
Commissioner Bowie absent
UAC took a break at 7:26 p.m. and returned at 7:41 p.m.
ITEM 5: ACTION: Changes to the Utilities Rules and Regulations and Rate Schedules for AMI
Implementation
Chair Segal asked if there were any public comments. There were none.
Dave Yuan, Strategic Business Manager, stated the items to discuss are deployment of Advanced
Metering Infrastructure and build-overs. There was an addition of the definition of Advanced
Metering Infrastructure to Rule 2. Regarding Rule 9, there was the new functionality of remotely
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connecting or disconnecting without having to send out a crew. These remote connect and
disconnect switches will be piloted. In Rule 10, customers may opt out of the AMI program,
either before the installation crew comes out or after the advanced meter has been installed.
The electronic transmission would be turned off, and the meter would need to be read manually
with no data transmitting. There would be a one-time $100 fee and a $25 monthly fee to recover
staff time for these opt-out customers, which will have to be manually reviewed and also
physically audited every year. Rules 15 and 20 were about adding peripheral equipment for
meters, the radial endpoints that will be part of the AMI infrastructure for gas and water meters.
Regarding overbuilds, Rule 8 required customers to make sure there is unobstructed access to
the meters and service lines. In Rule 20, the City has the right to relocate a service line or meter,
with charge borne by the customer, if the customer has done something to obstruct access.
Vice Chair Johnston stated it would be helpful to note in 9E that the same procedures as 9C would
be followed. He questioned that it is $25 a month for 1 meter reading a year.
Mr. Yuan stated the $25 is for manually entering and validating the customer's self-reported
reads and following up with customers who do not submit their reads. The figure was based on
staff time, estimating the amount of minutes per each staff member conducting each task. The
fees are for cost recovery only and not to make money or discourage residents from opting out.
Commissioner Forssell supported the fees but felt it would be worthwhile to revisit it after
implementing the program and base it on actual costs rather than estimates. She suggested the
definition of Advanced Metering Infrastructure be updated to include what distinguishes a
"smart" meter and also that a tighter definition of "near realtime consumption data" would be
helpful.
Mr. Yuan stated there will be a 1-day delay because it has to be integrated back with the SIP
system. It is not currently an instantaneous read.
Commissioner Forssell suggested calling out the range as somewhere between daily and
whatever aspiration this technology will ultimately support.
Mr. Yuan also noted there would be a rate assistance fee, $10 monthly and $50 one-time instead
of the $25 and $100.
Chair Segal stated there was a change to 9E II to clarify that it is the same notice provided as in
9C whether it is remote or not. The AMI definition will be revisited.
ACTION: Vice Chair Johnston moved Staff recommendation that the UAC recommend Council
adopt the attached Resolution (Attachment A) amending Utilities Rules and Regulations 2, 8, 9
(Change request was to ensure that the notices for physical disconnect/reconnect also apply to
remote disconnect/reconnect), 10, 15, 18, 20, and Utilities Rate Schedules C-1 and C-4, as
amended.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 12 of 19
Seconded by Commissioner Metz
Motion carries 6-0 with Chair Segal, Vice Chair Johnston, and Commissioners Forssell, Metz,
Smith, and Scharff voting yes.
Commissioner Bowie absent
ITEM 6: ACTION: Staff Recommends That the Utilities Advisory Committee (UAC) Approve a
Recommendation That Council Recommend Building the Fiber Backbone and Options for Fiber-
to-the-Premises (FTTP)
Chair Segal requested public comments.
Daniel Dulitz believed all the technical questions had been answered and there was no significant
technical risk in this proposal. Areas served by AT&T fiber would likely receive better service if
there were a true fiber competitor. He supported the FTTP recommendation, specifically Option
2, a phased build-out that would mitigate the primary risks of take rates and marketing. He
believed wise application of phasing could support the vast majority of the City's needs in a
relatively short time frame.
Hamilton Hitchings stated staff has claimed a 25% take rate is necessary to break even. He asked
the Commission and staff to provide a more realistic estimate of take rate to City Council, such
as 20%. The cost estimates for the City have already increased 20% from 2021 to 2022, much
faster than inflation. Estimating further cost increases, the necessary take rate will be much
higher. He stated no other city in California has concluded that citywide, city-owned offering
makes sense and successfully deployed it. He believed it may not be commercially viable for a
third high-speed Internet provider to start in Palo Alto; however, he felt subsidies should be
offered to entice companies like Atherton Fiber and gave examples of ways to do this. He
requested staff add a subsidy for high-speed Internet for low-income households. He asked the
Commission to recommend Option 3 to the Council to improve the city's fiber offering without
the risk of borrowing money, and not Option 1, which could result in the City owing a large
amount of money, requiring cutting of funding elsewhere.
Jeff Hoel recommended Option 1. He stated the incremental Option 2 costs more and takes
longer to implement, giving competitors more time to be competitive first. He described
Chattanooga's network idea and how the FTTP alone made enough money to pay for it, and he
felt that was an inspiration Palo Alto could take advantage of.
Herb Borock agreed with Mr. Hoel but questioned if the Council and Commission would approve
a 5-year project if their own neighborhoods were last. He was concerned about the cost
estimates and stated adding up the amount of money from the fiber fund and the bonds is almost
as much as the total FTTP cost, which did not make sense. He stated the depreciation rates do
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 13 of 19
not match the City's rates and listed several revenue concerns. He questioned the location of
the fiber hut.
Dave Yuan, Strategic Business Manager, was looking for UACs recommendation on how the City
should move forward with FTTP and enhance broadband in the community. Staff returned with
follow-up information from the joint session on September 19. There are 3 options of
deployment: full deployment, incremental or phased build-out, and pausing and collaborating
with the private ISPs. There is no city in California providing citywide municipal FTTP. Regarding
whether microtrenching could help reduce construction costs and speed up deployment, he
listed the advantages and disadvantages and stated staff does not recommend microtrenching
in Palo Alto currently. In regard to the fiber reserves, the City has a very successful dark fiber
business and has accumulated about $34M since inception. The dark fiber reserves generated
so far can be used for any fiber-related projects, but it is uncertain how future revenues could be
used due to recent litigation under Prop 26 and 218. For all 3 options, the staff recommends
building out the fiber backbone and reinvesting back in the fiber network. He discussed this
further. He detailed the advantages of Option 1.
Chair Segal questioned the amount put in by the electric fund for this option.
Mr. Yuan stated that the electric portion would be bond financed because the City would get a
better rate because electric has a healthier financial record than fiber.
Commissioner Forssell stated the fiber backbone recommended under all 3 options enables more
connectivity for city departments but only Option 1 provides infrastructure for smart city
applications. She asked about examples of what is available for all three versus only Option 1.
Mr. Yuan stated Option 1 will fiber in the neighborhoods. More fiber would help with
connectivity in certain neighborhoods, especially in the Stanford area during games and in the
parking garages. It would be distributed throughout the city and not just along the corridors.
Right now some of those initiatives cannot be connected because there is not fiber nearby. Parks
also had requests for fiber to do Wi-Fi in certain areas. Transportation wanted to add some
electronic signs in some areas.
Commissioner Scharff questioned whether the general fund would be on the hook for this if fiber
could not pay the interest on the bonds.
Mr. Yuan stated that based on his understanding, the general fund would be on the hook if the
fiber fund was not able to pay off the debt service at the end. He believed the bond holders could
go after the electric fund as well if they were bond financed together. He moved on to discussing
disadvantages of Option 1, including risk of competition and risk of the take rate. If the take rate
is less than 25%, subsidies from the City would probably be required to cover the debt payments.
Commissioner Scharff was concerned about the effect of rising interest rates. He felt this made
a lot more sense when interest rates were cheap. Given the take rate is the thing that matters,
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 14 of 19
he believed 3 to 6 months should be offered free to the entire community, which would probably
give a 100% take rate and people could then opt out later.
Mr. Yuan stated there is $34M in the bank right now and interest rates could potentially be down
in a year or two. He described Option 2, the phased deployment, including deployment options.
Dean Batchelor, Utilities Director, stated in the past this Commission did not like the idea of
building out in phases as it could take 10 to 14 years. One reason staff was asked to put this
option back in was the potential for interest rates to continue to climb with a payback that would
be even higher. The advantage of this is to have time to analyze if it makes sense moving forward.
It also gives time for electrification with opportunities to build jointly from an electric and fiber
perspective. This would not take 10 years because there will be some scale economies that to
work with the electric side. Poles are going to have to grow, and space can be added for the fiber
side. There will be cost savings with that.
Mr. Yuan then talked about the advantages of Option 2.
Chair Segal asked if there is a backup plan in case this is more expensive than initially planned
and the money runs out before the 25% take rate.
Mr. Yuan stated there is some contingency built in the financial model for construction costs. It
is possible to do more marketing campaigns, slow down construction costs, slow down
construction projects, or renegotiate with vendors.
Chair Segal stated it is not known how long phase 2 could take if it depends on initial take rate to
fund future projects and now combining it with electrification.
Mr. Batchelor did not believe that was true. Using the synergies around electrification, the
system needs to be rebuilt in a period of time, possibly 7 rather than 10 years.
Vice Chair Johnston questioned what would happen if the take rate on the initial build-out was
not sufficient.
Mr. Yuan stated it would depend on the gap, whether or not to bond finance the rest of the
project or do a slower build-out. The longest it would take is roughly 20 years.
Chair Segal questioned the cost of the staff and the support and whether the customer or the
utility would buy the boxes inside the homes.
Mr. Yuan stated the City will provide the equipment. Staffing would probably start with an
outsourcing model and pay based on phase or customer take rate.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 15 of 19
Mr. Batchelor stated another option is to look for a third party to partner with because the most
costly piece of the fiber system is the last mile and the operation portion. He did not believe the
asset would be shut down.
Mr. Yuan discussed the disadvantages of Option 2 and then Option 3's advantages and
disadvantages.
Vice Chair Johnston recalled talking to both AT&T and Google Fiber in 2016 and they were not
interested. He did not expect the ISPs to act more positively now than 6 years ago.
Mr. Yuan showed a cost comparison chart of the 3 Options. He stated the Option 2 model was
built assuming aerial and the numbers would have to be rerun for underground. He stated aerial
was the areas of lowest cost and highest density, but in underground areas with higher demand,
the construction cost would go up as well and offset the savings.
Commissioner Forssell questioned if the total cost of $20M would be split differently between
the fiber and electric funds depending on which of the 3 options.
Mr. Yuan stated for Option 2, $20M would be allocated but the number of customers may be less
for underground versus aerial. There was discussion about this.
John Honker, Magellan Principal, expanded on Option 2 as a way to start with fiber to the home
rather than all at once with Option 1. There will be about $20M for a first phase of FTTP. He
explained the options for phased deployment, showing a map of lowest-cost, highest-density
areas and where AT&T fiber is reported based on survey results. He detailed the various areas
on the maps and what the deployment options were in those areas. He felt the risk to the City is
lower with Option 2 because there is no debt service attached to the fiber fund, which creates a
more economical build that could potentially withstand lower take rates and also gives some
opportunity to get into the market in a big way.
Commissioner Smith believed there were at least 28 cities in the State of California with municipal
FTTP service and questioned that.
Mr. Honker stated a number of cities have started the process on a limited basis but none have
built out to 100% of the city.
Commissioner Smith stated there seemed to be fear about the City's ability to do this business.
The City knows the residential side from electrical. The fiber is just one aspect, and partnering
seems logical. He asked if the analysis showed the minimum possible take rate to be much higher
than 25%.
Mr. Honker stated the analysis came to around 40% after discounting for execution risk and
inflation contingencies.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 16 of 19
Commissioner Smith felt that was an important statistic and stated 25% represents the bare
minimum. The citizen population is keenly interested in getting this done. For Option 1 or 2, the
entire cost of the build, inflation, interest rate will be more. He liked that Option 1 forces building
and bringing customers on at a take rate that can support the payments. He liked that Option 2
spends the money available today first and gets to the playing field. He suggested, if both
inflation and interest rate costs are too great a burden to accept at this time, accepting Option 2
as a starting position and then in a year or two when there are better statistics and understanding
as to how to run the business, reintroducing Option 1 for some type of revenue bond.
Commissioner Forssell asked how many of the 740 deposits are being hit in the map under the
areas of highest demand scenario.
Mr. Honker stated the 740 deposits were distributed through the areas. Any areas that had less
than 5 deposits were not considered in the analysis. There are about 350 in the areas of highest
demand scenario, about half of the deposits.
Commissioner Scharff also asked about starting with Option 2 and continuing to roll on if it is
going well.
Mr. Honker stated that assuming things are going well with the first phase, additional financing
would happen and may create some opportunity, having a going concern business at that point.
Maybe the fiber facility could stand on its own at that point because it has assets, revenues, and
a track record. It would potentially open up more financing opportunities to mitigate some of
the interest rate risk that is out there today.
Commissioner Scharff wondered about the fear of AT&T, if it was a fear of being the third player.
Mr. Honker stated there are not a lot of scenarios with 2 fiber competitors in the same market.
The fear may be unsubstantiated, but it would be a substitute product in the market that could
lower take rates. The other features may still influence people to buy from Palo Alto Fiber rather
than AT&T, but the core product is very similar. There was further discussion about customers
with AT&T service. When asked how long it would take to have fiber in people's homes if the
City Council approved this immediately, Mr. Honker stated a conservative timeline would be 18
to 24 months.
Commissioner Scharff believed that in that time, AT&T would have started moving into more of
the green areas on the map. There was discussion about the best starting areas.
Council Liaison Cormack believed this conversation and the map would be very important when
the Council makes a decision. She encouraged staff to talk about the advantages and
disadvantages when bringing this forward to the Council.
Commissioner Forssell referenced the study showing very few people interested in faster upload
speeds. She felt an indication of whether people have good broadband available is important,
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 17 of 19
instead of being solely focused on fiber. She felt the goal was not to win against other providers
but for everyone in Palo Alto to have access to good-quality broadband. She was not interested
in Option 1, which seems too risky. She wanted to see areas of need for Option 2. She also
wanted a better understanding of how Internet works in multifamily buildings as multifamily
housing is concentrated in certain areas of the city and that could affect the conversation.
Vice Chair Johnston did not feel Option 3 moved toward the goal of getting high-speed
broadband service to everyone in Palo Alto. He stated after listening to the discussion, he favored
Option 2 with some additional thinking about where to start the build-out.
Commissioner Metz wanted clarification that all the cities in California delivering residential high-
speed Internet were partnering with an ISP.
Mr. Yuan stated those partnerships are in targeted areas, not a full citywide deployment.
Commissioner Metz referred to previous research that there is strong community support and
the majority of residents have unbundled Internet from cable. He favored Option 2 and possibly
in parallel partnering with a service provider. There is nothing to prevent accelerating this later.
Chair Segal questioned when the electrification projects might start and also wondered why no
city in California is doing what Palo Alto is proposing.
Mr. Honker stated in almost every other state without restrictions, cities are providing service.
Labor costs being higher has been a recurring theme from other cities that have considered or
started to deploy FTTP.
Mr. Batchelor stated there was not yet an estimate on when electrification would begin.
Chair Segal stated switching over is not simple for everyone. If the goal is to get broadband to
everyone, the areas of AT&T fiber reported would be the last ones to look at. After the
discussion, she favored Option 2 and felt Commissioner Scharff's idea of free Internet to
incentivize was intriguing.
Commissioner Scharff stated he felt the Commission did not need to decide immediately about
where to go but about which option. His concern was to demonstrate a viable business. Once
there is a viable business, then Internet can be provided for those who do not have it. If it is not
a viable business to start with, the whole thing will fall apart and will never go through the whole
city. He made a motion to recommend Option 2.
Vice Chair Johnston seconded the motion.
Commissioner Forssell wanted to define Option 2 as having additional decisions to be made, with
a more limited initial build-out that does not require bond financing.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 18 of 19
Commissioner Scharff stated that going with Option 2 meant staff would come back several times
to discuss the details. It is not a business plan fleshed out; it is a decision not to go for bond
financing and to use the money already available.
Mr. Yuan stated Option 2 is to have a phased approach without any bond financing. The $20-M
is not fixed and more analysis is needed.
Commissioner Metz favored the motion of Option 2 but wanted to highlight the ISP ingredients
in Option 3 because that has not been discussed previously.
Mr. Yuan felt that contracting out the ISP service part would come with the outsourcing model
for Option 2.
Vice Chair Johnston did not want to see the ISP be a condition of moving the project forward.
Commissioner Smith stated voting Option 2 pushes the project forward, recommending to
Council to spend the available money first, but he did not want to restrict the City Council or the
individuals who run the business on how to run the business efficiently and economically.
Chair Segal stated Option 2 does not even decide between which phased approach is
recommended and she was struggling with whether to recommend fiber at all.
Commissioner Forssell agreed with the motion as presented.
Commissioner Smith did not agree. He questioned what happens in 2 years' time when interest
rates collapse and the $140M investment is now $80M from an economics perspective. He felt
the original Option 2 the way it was drafted in the packet seemed appropriate and did not think
it was in the Commission's purview to direct Council how to fund a recommendation. There was
more discussion about the language of Option 2.
Commissioner Scharff amended the motion to say, "Use $34M from the Fiber fund and $13M
from the electric fund to build the fiber backbone and build phase 1 of the FTTP distribution
network in a phased approach."
ACTION: Commissioner Scharff moved Staff recommendation that the Utilities Advisory
Commission (UAC) approve a recommendation that Council recommend building the fiber
backbone and the following option for Fiber-to-the- Premises (FTTP):
Option 2. Build fiber backbone and FTTP under a phased approach without new bond
financing. Use $34M from the Fiber fund and $13M from the Electric fund to build the fiber
backbone and build phase 1 of the FTTP distribution network in a phased approach.
Seconded by Vice Chair Johnston
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: December 7, 2022 Page 19 of 19
Motion carries 6-0 with Chair Segal, Vice Chair Johnston, and Commissioners Forssell, Metz,
Smith, and Scharff voting yes.
Commissioner Bowie absent
COMMISSIONER COMMENTS and REPORTS from MEETINGS/EVENTS
None
FUTURE TOPICS FOR UPCOMING MEETINGS:
Commissioner Metz asked what issues Grid Modernization and the Resiliency update would
address.
Dean Batchelor, Utilities Director, stated Grid Modernization was to give an update on what was
found by the consultant hired to do an overview of the system. It is mostly geared to the system
and would touch on some issues at a high level. He stated the Resiliency update was about
looking at resiliency around micro gridding and potential correlation with modernization and
resiliency.
NEXT SCHEDULED MEETING: December 7, 2022
Meeting adjourned at 10:07 p.m.
Respectfully Submitted
Jenelle Kamian, Program Assistant
City of Palo Alto Utilities