HomeMy WebLinkAbout2017-08-02 Utilities Advisory Commission Agenda Packet
NOTICE IS POSTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH GOVERNMENT CODE SECTION 54954.2(a) OR 54956
I. ROLL CALL
II. ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
Members of the public are invited to address the Commission on any subject not on the agenda. A reasonable
time restriction may be imposed at the discretion of the Chair. State law generally precludes the UAC from
discussing or acting upon any topic initially presented during oral communication.
III. APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES
Approval of the Minutes of the Utilities Advisory Commission Meetings held on June 7, 2017 and July 12, 2017
IV. AGENDA REVIEW AND REVISIONS
V. REPORTS FROM COMMISSIONER MEETINGS/EVENTS
VI. DIRECTOR OF UTILITIES REPORT
VII. COMMISSIONER COMMENTS
VIII. UNFINISHED BUSINESS
None
IX. NEW BUSINESS
1. Study Session Between the Council and UAC Action
2. Discussion of Developing a Flexible Distributed Energy Resource Plan and Forecasting Discussion
Long Term Customer Electrical Loads in Palo Alto
3. Staff Recommendation that the Utilities Advisory Commission Recommend that the City Action
Council Approve Policy Objectives for the 2017 Wastewater Collection Utility Cost of
Service Analysis
4. Discussion of Electric Integrated Resource Plan – California Wholesale Energy Market Discussion
Overview and Electric Portfolio Cost Drivers
5. Selection of Potential Topic(s) for Discussion at Future UAC Meeting Action
NEXT SCHEDULED MEETING: September 6, 2017
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The materials below are provided for informational purposes, not for action or discussion during UAC Meetings (Govt.
Code Section 54954.2(a)(2)).
12-Month Rolling Calendar
UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 2, 2017 – 7:00 P.M.
COUNCIL CHAMBERS
Palo Alto City Hall – 250 Hamilton Avenue
Chairman: Michael Danaher Vice Chair: Arne Ballantine Commissioners: Lisa Forssell, A. C. Johnston, Judith Schwartz, Lauren Segal and Terry Trumbull Council Liaison: Eric Filseth
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 1 of 9
UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION MEETING
MINUTES OF JULY 12, 2017 SPECIAL MEETING
CALL TO ORDER
Chair Danaher called the meeting to order at 7:05 p.m. Meeting of the Utilities Advisory
Commission (UAC).
Present: Chair Danaher, Vice Chair Ballantine, Commissioners Forssell, Johnston, Schwartz, Segal,
Trumbull, and Councilmember Filseth
Absent: None
ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
David Carnahan, Deputy City Clerk said the City was recruiting for the Storm Water Management
Oversight Committee. The Committee was forming to provide oversight for the recently passed
Storm Drain Management Fee. The group would meet a couple of times per year to keep an eye
on the spending. Several for two years, others for four years. Encouraged UAC to reach out to at
least one community member.
APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES
None.
AGENDA REVIEW AND REVISIONS
None.
REPORTS FROM COMMISSION MEETINGS/EVENTS
Commissioner Schwartz said she had not been at the last UAC meeting because sh e had been in
Baltimore at the Low-Income Energy Issues Forum. She gave a presentation on Community Solar.
Many of the issues the UAC was wrestling with were discussed in her pre sentation, which she had
been shared with the UAC prior to the last meeting. She thought there was no reason to do
community solar as a cheaper form of solar electricity. Large-scale solar was less expensive. The
advantage to community solar could be in research and understand on how islanding can work,
using it to explore the possibilities of resiliency and to make it more visible to people in the
community, or to use it to generate funds by supporting charging stations that could then be used
for purposes like energy assistance to lower bills. There were reasons to do it, but not because it
was cheaper. BGE (Baltimore Gas and Electric) had the most advance program of any utilities that
was there. Some of the most innovative utilities were located in Colorado. She had also heard a
discussion of Energy Savings Accounts. While there was not a large low-income community in Palo
Alto, there were people struggling to get by who could find this helpful.
DRAFT
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 2 of 9
Chair Danaher spent time in Lisbon with a number of European utilities. The utilities there were
focused on making money rather than efficiency. Most had already adopted smart meters and
were looking at how to make the most of them. Many were grappling with what to do with the
electric vehicle (EV) market. The utilities wanted to leverage EVs for demand response and
frequency regulations. Meeting was focused on the group getting to know each other, introducing
startups to utility staff.
UTILITIES GENERAL MANAGER REPORT
Demand Response Program: There was a heat wave the week of June 19. On Thursday, June 22
Palo Alto experienced its peak demand of 171.1 megawatts (MW). During that week the utility
activated its demand response program, which includes four customers, one of which is Palo Alto
City Hall. Those customers were able to achieve a 14% reduction in load by managing building
energy usage during the hot afternoons. In total, they reduced electric demand by 724 kilowatts
(kW), with the City achieving more than 50 kW, or about 11%, in peak demand reduction.
Carbon Neutral Gas: Carbon neutrality for the gas utility went into effect on July 1. Staff will
purchase carbon offsets for the carbon emissions corresponding to any natural gas usage after July
1. Until September 1, this will be funded using revenue from sale of Cap and Trade Program
allowances. Starting in September, customers will see a line item charge on their bill to fund the
purchase of carbon offsets. While this charge was previously adopted by Council through approval
of the Carbon Neutral Gas Plan, it was not reflected on a rate schedule. After consultation with the
Attorney’s office, staff decided it was prudent to delay the rollout of this line item charge to allow
time to get approval of a revised gas utility rate schedule an d expand educational outreach to
customers about carbon neutrality.
Rate Changes Adopted: On June 27, the City Council adopted its budgets, including all rate
changes recommended by the Utilities Advisory Commission. These included a 3% decrease in
water rates and a 12% to 14% increase in electric rates to pay for new renewable energy projects
coming online, increased transmission rates, and increased infrastructure investment. There are
no changes to gas or sewer rates, aside from the previously discuss ed carbon offsets charge for
the carbon neutral natural gas program. Despite the rate increase, Palo Alto's electric rates are
more than 35% lower than PG&E, and the overall utility bill for the median Palo Alto resident
continues to be lower than what most residents pay in neighboring communities. An overview of
rate adjustments is available at cityofpaloalto.org/ratesoverview
Water Quality: Each year Utilities publishes an annual Consumer Confidence Report which
informs customers about the City's water quality. The report on water quality conditions for 2016
is now available online in English, Spanish and Mandarin at cityofpaloalto.org/waterquality.
Customers may also contact us to request a printed copy.
Gas Safety Awareness: As a gas utility, the City is required to maintain a public awareness
outreach plan about gas safety, which includes distributing an annual gas safety awareness
brochure. These brochures are being included with July utility bills and will also be mailed to non -
customers living around a gas pipeline, as well as public officials, emergency responders, locators,
excavators, contractors and plumbers working in and around Palo Alto. The brochure is available
online in English, Spanish and Mandarin at cityofpaloalto.org/safeutility.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 3 of 9
City Open House at the Municipal Services Center: On Monday, July 3, Utilities and other City
departments hosted an open house at our Municipal Services Center. It was an opportunity for
staff to showcase some of the “behind the scenes” work that we do for the Palo Alto community.
City employees, their families and members of the public were able to enjoy food, music, fun
activities and special project demonstrations about key City services. The majority of attendees
who provided feedback on the event rated it as excellent and requested that we host it annually.
Many expressed appreciation for the variety of displays and information presented,
complimenting staff on their knowledge, pride and enthusiasm for the work they do. We look
forward to bringing this event back next year and further expanding upon its size and success.
Thanks to the entire team who helped pull it off!
COMMISSIONER COMMENTS
Commissioner Trumbull noted a story in the Palo Alto Weekly regarding flaws in the City’s pipeline
inspection program. He thought it would be helpful for the UAC to review this. The story had
sounded bad for Palo Alto, but he had heard there were reasonable explanations of the situation
and it was important to get those explanations aired publicly with the community.
Utilities General Manager Shikada clarified this was a report on the audit of the crossbore
program. He had requested the audit. The next step in that audit would be to report to Council. A
debrief with the Commission would be arranged.
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
None.
NEW BUSINESS
ITEM 1: DISCUSSION: Utilities Department Strategic Planning Workshop with City Consultants
General Manager/Assistant City Manager Shikada introduced the strategic plan consultants.
NewGen (“NewGen”) Strategies and Solutions would be leading the development process for the
Strategic Plan, while BluePoint Planning (“BluePoint”) would be managing employee engagement
in the process.
Tony Georgis, NewGen, gave an overview of the strategic planning process and the role of the
UAC. The purpose of a strategic plan was to align the utility’s vision and strategic destination with
tactical decisions with a clear connection between staff activities and strategic direction. Tony
believes the current strategic plan had a very long list of initiatives and benchmarks and it is
important to filter that list through this strategic planning process. He expects this process would
involve a fairly comprehensive refresh of the plan, and would ensure that the plan was filtered
down to all levels of the organization. The consultants would lead the plan development and w ork
with stakeholders, both internal and from the community. He gave an overview of the process for
developing the plan, including workshops, market research, an evaluation of strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT), and evaluations of goals, objectives, tactical
plans, and performance metrics (KPIs).
Shikada said the connection between the strategic plan and the day to day activities of the utility
needed to be strengthened. To do that the plan would need to be simplified and more focuse d.
Focusing on the role of people in the plan would make a difference, as would limiting the number
of priorities and activities. The role of the strategic plan was to coordinate activities at a higher
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 4 of 9
level, while there were more specific planning efforts that would address detailed topic areas (for
example, smart grid planning or electric portfolio planning).
Georgis gave an overview of the different layers of detail in a strategic plan, from long -term
elements down to short-term objectives and tactics. The Tactical Action Plan would identify
specific projects, plans to achieve them, budgets, and roles and responsibilities to ensure
achievement of strategic objectives. He discussed the UAC’s role, saying the UAC would be
involved at three points in the development of the plan, providing feedback as the plan evolved.
Georgis provided an overview of some of the national trends and key issues currently faced by
Palo Alto and other utility including:
Technology-related issues (such as cyber security and the availability of smart grid and
advanced metering technologies).
Changes in customer preferences (such as the availability of distributed energy and
changes in customer energy use). Utilities were not seeing as much load growth anymore.
Liquified natural gas export terminals were under construction that could affect gas prices.
In the water industry, it was difficult to quantify what a normal planning year was due to
variability in water supplies. There were limitations on rate flexibility, as well as challenges
in messaging the need for conservation when it does not necessarily reduce customer bills.
Workforce challenges, with many employees retiring and fewer entering the utility
industry.
Changes in the way younger employees engaged with their professional careers.
Vice Chair Ballantine said he had visited an island in the Pacific that was trying to eliminate carbon
in its energy use and had experienced 7% per year load growth due to EV adoption.
Commissioner Schwartz said that Palo Alto has a high penetration of EVs, more so than other parts
of the country which could offset some load decreases.
Vice Chair Ballantine said with more electrification there would be a need for more of a focus on
reliability due to the fact that all customer energy uses were coming from one source.
Commissioner Schwartz said there was not unanimous enthusiasm for building electrification on
the UAC, as compared to vehicle electrification. She said it was also not likely that everyone on the
UAC understood all of the evolving regulatory mandates.
Commissioner Schwartz said one notable feature of Palo Alto is that older residents were more
technologically savvy than in many places, which affected their attitudes toward technology. She
noted that one challenge in attracting employees to Palo Alto was the lack of nearby affordable
housing leading to extended commutes.
Georgis acknowledged that concern and noted that many utilities struggled with particular
positions, such as linemen.
Chair Danaher asked what percentage of the workforce was eligible to retire in the coming years.
Shikada said it was 35% to 50%.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 5 of 9
Georgis said this was not uncommon. He proceeded to discuss the changes in the industry from
2007 to 2016, including the increased availability of electric vehicles, the substantial increase in
renewable energy, and the availability of smart meters.
Commissioner Schwartz noted that Palo Alto was one of the only communities in California
without smart meters.
Chair Danaher thought this would be a good discussion, but also asked that staff provide a deep
dive on market trends that staff saw coming.
Commissioner Schwartz asked if there would be opportunities for interactive workshops for UAC
members outside of the regular UAC meetings.
Shikada said there was a need for some reasonable pacing to allow staff to develop its thinking on
various topics to provide proposals for the UAC to respond to.
Commissioner Schwartz said the UAC meeting format was not effective for engagement.
Georgis noted there would be community focus groups with a workshop format.
Commissioner Schwartz asked whether the UAC would be able to attend those meetings or
whether there would be Brown Act obstacles.
Deputy City Attorney Jessica Mullan said there were ways to make workshops consi stent with the
Brown Act.
Commissioner Trumbull noted that one big public input meeting would be useful as focus group
meetings are not always open.
Shikada said that the UAC’s role in the process was not 100% defined and that there were ways to
have other formats for the meetings. He discussed the workshop format that had been used in
development of the Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (S/CAP).
Georgis gave an overview of the natural gas market.
Commissioner Segal asked how priorities would be set in the plan, including priorities that could
be at cross purposes, such as low cost and sustainable. She emphasized the community should
have some input on the plan.
Chair Danaher mentioned that Stanford University can be a great resource, specifica lly the
Precourt Energy Center. He also added that would be helpful if, when staff presented its
recommendations, it talked about the priorities it had let go of in order to set its recommended
priorities. He supported incorporating the employee and organizational needs in the plan.
Commissioner Schwartz said it was important to get staff buy -in by ensuring that leadership had a
clear sense of what the direction was. It was possible for employees to sabotage the process due
to an aversion to change. The current vision was uninspiring. Palo Alto was the kind of place where
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 6 of 9
it was possible to develop an exciting vision for the future of the utility, and having staff aligned
with that vision was important.
Georgis asked the UAC to speak to what the key market trends CPAU must address in the next five
to ten years. The various commissioners offered the following insight and/or feedback:
Commissioner Forssell:
Impacts on load associated with EV adoption in Palo Alto.
Aging infrastructure and increasing cost of replacing and maintaining and the impacts on
safety and reliability
Water supply availability given climate change. She thought it was important to consider
possible futures in which there were many more frequent dry years, and in which
precipitation fell more in the form of rain rather than snow.
Impacts of LNG on natural gas prices and natural gas demand and load trends.
Market trends in energy efficiency. Is Palo Alto a leader or follower in terms of building
code standards for energy efficiency and what are the implications.
Price point at which storage, which is not currently cost effective, becomes a viable
resource.
Vice Chair Ballantine:
Resiliency is important and should be a core strategy. Customers are more and more
dependent of electricity for many end uses. Reliability and resiliency are not the same.
Environmental goals and reliability goals could be at odds. Solar was being installed in Palo
Alto, which could reduce carbon emissions, but it was not set up to operate in is landed
modes, meaning it did not increase reliability.
Value of resiliency when evaluating storage.
Commissioner Johnston:
Focus on cyber security to ensure reliability.
Commissioner Schwartz:
Implications of sea level rise. There were parts of Palo Alt o that would be more exposed to
flooding due to sea level rise.
Need to consider the interconnection and trade-offs. For example, there was a tradeoff
between trees and solar exposure. It might be more worthwhile to leave the shade up and
insulate a home rather than cut down the trees and put solar on the roof. Another
example of interconnected thinking was leveraging the fiber ring for smart metering for all
three metered utilities.
Workload and priorities. Need to take some work off the plate.
Leverage other utilities efforts.
Chair Danaher:
Long run water recycling was going to become very important, and that could have
implications for how buildings were designed.
Vehicle to grid and smart charging could be important in the long run, and it could be
important to get standards in place to allow the utility to take advantage of these
resources in the long run.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 7 of 9
Councilmember Filseth:
Value of energy storage in resiliency versus the need for a second transmission line.
Focus of the this strategic plan would likely need to be on the low tech issues and the nuts
and bolts activities such as staffing and operations.
The current focuses of the strategic plan captured the basic requirements of operating a
utility pretty well.
New strategic plan needs to focus on long-term strategy of staffing and infrastructure cost.
Commissioner Segal:
Use of technology to meet workforce issues.
Chair Danaher thanked the UAC for its discussion.
NO ACTION
ITEM 2: DISCUSSION: Preparation for Council and Utilities Advisory Commission Joint Study
Session
Utilities General Manager Ed Shikada said the discussion of the strategic plan earlier in the
meeting would help inform the topics for the joint study session. He asked the UAC for feedback
on what was important to include on the agenda for the joint study session.
Chair Danaher said wants to include Council priorities and policy issues.
Commissioner Schwartz said a critical discussion was a focus on resilience. She said it would be
valuable to look at microgrids and islanding and where in Palo Alto it would make sense to have
these features. She thought household electrification and under grounding could come off the
work plan to allow the utility to focus on resiliency. She said staffing was an important part of
resiliency. Temporary shift housing might be a way to approach the issues with commute
problems.
Chair Danaher noted that the UAC had previously recommended a discussion of the value of
rooftop solar.
Shikada noted that the typical protocol was to have joint meeting of the UAC Chair and Vice Chair
along with the Mayor and Vice Mayor to meet prior to the joint meeting to discuss p otential
topics.
ACTION: No action.
ITEM 3. DISCUSSION: Discussion Regarding Utilities Leak Adjustment Rules
Utilities General Manager Ed Shikada said this issue had been discussed in one of the
neighborhood e-mail groups and had led to some misconceptions. As a result he felt it was
important to bring this to the UAC.
Assistant Director of Customer Support Services Tom Auzenne gave an overview of water metering
and billing. He said customers occasionally experienced leaks on their water systems and
experienced a high bill. If the utility observed a leak or had it reported to them, staff would contact
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 8 of 9
the customer. Sometimes a customer or neighbor would contact the utility, and described how
staff helped diagnose whether there was a leak, and how difficult it can be to find a leak in the
house or irrigation systems. He explained that people often do not inspect or test their irrigation
systems for leaks. In the future, with advanced meters, customers may be able to receive a
notification when unusual flow was observed, but right now customers often do not discover the
leak until they receive their bill. It was not their fault, but neither was it the water utility’s fault.
Chair Danaher noted there had only been twelve leaks in the past eight years.
Mark Harris, a Palo Alto resident of Crescent Park addressed the Commission. He said the utility
had previously had a policy to provide a bill credit when a customer experienced a water leak. He
recommended returning to the water leak adjustment policy that was in place prior to 2006. He
said a policy should include three elements: first, the number of adjustments for any individual
customer should be limited. Second, the burden of proof to demonstrate the consequence of the
leak and the fact that it had been fixed should be the customer’s responsibility. Third, the
customer should pay at least the wholesale price of the water. He said the leak policy would not
result in any Proposition 218 issues, and the current policy in fact resulted in a windfall from
customers who experience a leak. He said that he had previously been an Assistant Director of the
City of Palo Alto Utilities and had handled several water leak credit requests when he was there.
Later, as Director of Utilities for Mountain View he used the City of Palo Alto policy as a model. He
said the concerns in the staff report could be addressed and offered his assistance if it was
desired.
Jonathan Foster, a Palo Alto resident and former UAC member said this was an easy problem to
fix. The leaks were infrequent and would not result in a significant cost to other customers. He
recommended instituting a leak adjustment policy. He was comfortable paying an additional minor
amount on his water bill to help other residents deal with the problem.
Vice Chair Ballantine agreed that the cost impact among all customers would be negligible. He said
it would make sense in the future to address the design issues around water appliances so that
appliances and systems shut off when they are experiencing a leak.
Commissioner Schwartz agreed that the problem was small and that if customers fix the problem,
there should be a leak forgiveness policy. Customers who had experienced these leaks would likely
be excited to participate in advanced metering or leak detection pilots.
Councilmember Filseth asked whether it would make sense to go to a separated distribution and
wholesale water rate.
Auzenne said there was currently a fixed and variable component to the rate.
Councilmember Filseth said customers experiencing leaks should pay the wholesale water cost but
not necessarily the distribution component. Also, part of the marketing pitch for smart meters
should be leak detection.
Auzenne said the City’s pilot smart meter project had detected some leaks and those customers
were contacted in advance of their scheduled meter read date .
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 9 of 9
Commissioner Johnston noted there were a high number of check reads. He asked whether there
had been a significant change in customer calls about leaks after the City moved away from the
2006 policy.
Auzenne said that there had not been a significant change in the number of customer calls after
the policy change. Auzenne also said the number of check reads was driven by automated quality
control algorithms in the billing system. He said the recent rise in check reads and water leak
complaints was the result of customers beginning to use their irrigation systems more frequently
since the California drought had officially ended.
Commissioner Schwartz said it sounded like the City was doing the right things from a Customer
Service standpoint.
Chair Danaher supported instituting a well-designed leak adjustment policy.
Commissioner Segal discussed staff remarks related to homeowner insurance and whether that
was applicable in the case of a water leak. There was a comment from the audience that
homeowner’s insurance typically would not cover the cost of water associated with the leak.
ACTION: No action.
ITEM 4. ACTION: Selection of Potential Topics(s) for Discussion at Future UAC Meeting
Chair Danaher suggested a discussion of low-income programs available in Palo Alto.
Commissioner Schwartz recommended a discussion of the segmentation of customers to
understand their attitudes and preferences. This would help guide the UAC’s policy discussions.
ACTION: No action.
Meeting adjourned at 9:20 p.m.
Respectfully Submitted,
Marites Ward
City of Palo Alto Utilities
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 1 of 9
UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION MEETING
MINUTES OF JUNE 7, 2017 MEETING
CALL TO ORDER
Vice Chair Danaher called the meeting to order at 7:05 p.m. Meeting of the Utilities Advisory
Commission (UAC).
Present: Vice Chair Danaher, Commissioners Johnston, Ballantine, Segal, Forssell, and Trumbull,
and Council Member Filseth
Absent: Commissioner Schwartz
ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
None.
APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES
Commissioner Trumbull moved to approve the minutes from the May 3, 2017 UAC special meeting
and Commissioner Forssell seconded the motion. The motion carried unanimously (6-0) with Vice
Chair Danaher and Commissioners Johnston, Ballantine, Segal, Forssell, and Trumbull voting yes
and Commissioner Schwartz absent.
AGENDA REVIEW AND REVISIONS
None.
REPORTS FROM COMMISSION MEETINGS/EVENTS
None.
UTILITIES GENERAL MANAGER REPORT
Utilities General Manager Ed Shikada delivered the General Manager’s Report.
Update on Infrastructure and Street Improvement Projects in Downtown Area
I would like to take this opportunity to provide the Commission with an update on the City's
coordination of some upcoming, large scale infrastructure projects. Last month, the City Council
approved a water main replacement contract that represents the first phase of a larger multi -
departmental infrastructure and street improvement project in the downtown area. Ultimately,
this project will include water and gas pipe replacements, street repaving, traffic signal and curb
ramp upgrades, parking wayfinding signs and a new downtown parking garage. Staff will also be
soliciting input about the possibility of adding bike lanes on University Avenue. We’re calling the
DRAFT
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 2 of 9
project Upgrade Downtown and staff have developed specific outreach materials including project
fliers and maps for our communication efforts with the public.
We’ll start next week on Hamilton with the water main replacement project. The majority of
construction along University Avenue, including water and gas pipe replacements is planned for
2018, although work on University circle will occur in 2017. We anticipate the work will be
complete by early to mid-2020.
The City is hosting a series of open houses where staff from each department will be available to
answer questions about these projects. We invite you to join us if available. The schedule includes
Friday, June 9 from 4 to 6 p.m. at Johnson Park; Tuesday, June 13 from 8 to 9:30 a.m. in the
Community Meeting Room at City Hall; and Thursday, June 15 from 11:30 a.m. to 1 p.m. at Lytton
Plaza.
A new website at cityofpaloalto.org/UpgradeDowntown provides details on the open houses,
project maps, descriptions and timelines, and allows people to subscribe to receive updates as the
project progresses. Also a special email inbox, UpgradeDowntown@cityofpaloalto.org and phone
number, (650) 329-2DIG – are set up for people to contact us with questions or concerns.
Municipal Services Center Open House on July 3
The City is hosting a Municipal Services Center (MSC) Open House on July 3. The MSC will be open
to the public from 10 am to 2 pm, with project demonstrations and displays of our mostly "behind
the scenes" work. Employees from Utilities, Public Works, and Administrative Services will be
participating. This event is an opportunity for us to showcase the important and interesting work
we do every day with our coworkers and the community at large. We invite the UAC and other
members of the public to join us!
Carbon Neutral Gas Portfolio Launching July 1
The Council-approved Carbon Neutral Gas Plan launches next month in July. Gas utility customers
will see a new line item on their utility bill reflecting the purchase of carbon offsets to balance the
carbon emissions associated with their natural gas consumption. CPAU is preparing outreach to
customers and has briefed the Customer Service Center with talking points to answer questions
about the program.
Heat Pump Water Heater Workshop held May 24
On May 24, CPAU and Passive House California jointly held a workshop to raise awareness
regarding heat pump water heaters (HPWH). Over 70 people attended, most of whom were
residents or contractors working in Palo Alto. HPWH manufacturers, utilities staff, and
Development Services staff were available to answer questions. Staff will post the workshop
materials online at cityofpaloalto.org/HPWHpilot.
The July 5 UAC meeting has been cancelled. The next UAC meeting will be Wednesday, July 12.
Commissioner Ballantine noted he had recently had the opportunity to see a condensing cycle
combined clothes washer and dryer that used heat pumps. Used at the right time of day, the
technology could be useful in reducing greenhouse gases and energy use.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 3 of 9
COMMISSIONER COMMENTS
Commissioner Trumbull noted Commissioner Forssell had been recently reappointed and
Commissioner Segal was joining the UAC.
Vice Chair Danaher welcomed Commissioner Segal to the UAC and congratulated Commissioner
Forssell on her reappointment.
Utilities General Manager Ed Shikada echoed the welcome and congratulations and said staff was
looking forward to working with them on the Commission.
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
None.
NEW BUSINESS
ITEM 1: ACTION: Election of Officers
Vice Chair Danaher said he would be interested and willing to serve as Chair and noted
Commissioner Ballantine was open to serving as Vice Chair, but he did not want to preclude others
from expressing interest.
ACTION: Commissioner Trumbull moved to nominate Vice Chair Danaher to become Chair and
Commissioner Ballantine to become Vice Chair. Commissioner Johnston seconded the motion. The
motion carried unanimously (6-0) with Vice Chair Danaher and Commissioners Johnston,
Ballantine, Segal, Forssell, and Trumbull voting yes and Commissioner Schwartz absent.
ITEM 2: DISCUSSION: Staff Recommendation that the UAC Provide Feedback on the Development
of the City of Palo Alto Utilities Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Senior Resource Planner Monica Padilla introduced the Electric Integrated Resource Plan (IRP)
project and provided a presentation which included:
A high level overview of the electric supply portfolio and planning needs over the 2019 to
2030 planning horizon;
Brief history of long-term planning initiatives and key policies;
Identification of key issues and drivers facing the electric supply utility, including the
impending expiration of the current Western Base Resource (WBR) contract in 2024 and
the need to determine how much, if any of the contract would be renewed post 2024;
Identification of several major uncertainties including State level policies and/or legislation
which will drive the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) and Cap and Trade; and
An 18 month proposed work plan to develop the IRP and submit it to the California Energy
Commission (CEC) as required by law.
The objective of the presentation was to facilitate a discussion with the UAC about the key issues
that need to be addressed in the IRP and solicit feedback on a prop osed IRP development work
plan. Throughout the presentation, several UAC commissioners raised questions related to the
electric supply portfolio.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 4 of 9
Vice Chair Danaher asked how electric vehicles factored into the energy efficiency and load
calculations and how would the City handle a large increase in electric vehicle uptake .
Padilla responded that the current load forecast assumes a certain penetration of electric vehicles
and corresponding increase in load; however that the load forecast will be updated to reflect the
findings of the Distributed Energy Resource Plan (DER Plan). The DER Plan will evaluate various
electric vehicle deployment scenarios. Padilla also added that any increases in load resulting from
electric vehicles and/or electrification may result in the need to procure additional resources.
Commissioner Johnston asked if three and one-half percent (3.5%) losses between electric supply
purchases and retail sales was within the range of industry standards.
Padilla confirmed that they were. She added that the DER Plan will look for opportunities to
minimize losses through efficiency measures.
Commissioner Forssell asked whether the portfolio was assessed based on an average
precipitation and hydroelectric generation year and whether there would be any assessment of
potential droughts in the planning process.
Padilla confirmed the portfolio was assessed based on average precipitation and added that
management of the two hydroelectric resources would be the focus of one of the topics for the
IRP update.
Padilla continued the presentation, describing the City’s contract with the Western Area Power
Administration for power from Central Valley Project hydroelectric resources. This resource
provides roughly 40% of Palo Alto’s needs. These projects were built primarily for flood control.
This contract was coming up for renewal and making a decision on this resource would be part of
the IRP process.
Commissioner Trumbull asked when the WBR contract was up for renewal and when the decision
would need to be made.
Padilla said the contract would expire at the end of 2024, but the decision to sign a new contract
and would have to be made in the next few years. She added that the renewal of the WBR
contract followed a formal process under Western’s 2025 Power Marketing Plan and staff has
been actively engaged in provided comments both on its own and through the Northern California
Power Agency.
Commissioner Forssell confirmed that because the projects were built for flood control, the City
had very little control over how they were dispatched.
Padilla confirmed that was the case.
Commissioner Danaher asked for clarification on why emissions were shown in the chart when the
City’s power came entirely from hydroelectric resources and renewable energy.
Padilla noted that emissions had gradually reduced as more of the City’s renewable energy
projects came online, and that emissions were higher when hydroelectric generation was low.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 5 of 9
Commissioner Ballantine talked about his experience on a nuclear naval vessel. The vessel
included power from a reactor, but also a backup diesel generator and a battery. He said the
developing complexity in the electric grid would en d up requiring more work to maintain grid
stability. Solar projects did not provide reliability as currently configured because they turned off
during a grid outage. He thought reliability might be a valuable addition to the IRP plan.
Padilla supported his concerns and added that the IRP will look at reliability at a grid level and also
as part of the overall transmission planning. System reliability at the distribution level will be
looked at as part of the Utilities Strategic Plan.
ACTION: No Action
ITEM 3: ACTION: Staff Recommendation that the Utilities Advisory Commission Recommend that
the City Council Approve Community Solar Preliminary Program Design Elements and Feedback on
Application of Design Elements for a Solar Phot ovoltaic Project at the Municipal Golf Course
Parking Lot
Resource Planner Sonika Choudhary presented on staff’s proposed design elements for
development of a Community Solar Program. Staff would be discussing both the design elements
and their application to a potential community solar project at the City’s Golf Course Parking Lot.
She described how community solar would fit in to the City’s Local Solar Plan goal to meet 4% of
the City’s total electricity needs by 2023. If proven successful, the community solar program could
provide up to 3 megawatts (MW) of the total 23 MW needed to achieve that goal. She showed a
video from the Smart Electric Power Alliance (SEPA) describing the basic structure of a community
solar program. The program would provide access to solar for customers without a rooftop to
install solar panels, such as renters, or who had poor solar access. She described a previous
attempt to establish a community solar program that would be entirely run by a third party. The
attempt failed because the City was not comfortable with the level of transparency of the vendor.
Chair Danaher asked if the vendor had gotten to the point of soliciting customers.
Choudhary said they had not.
Choudhary continued the presentation and discussed the proposed design elements:
1. CPAU’s Role in the Program Development
2. Selection Criteria for the Community Solar Site
3. Cost and Value Proposition to Participants
4. Funding of the Capital Cost of Project
5. Minimizing Risk to Non-participating customers
Throughout the presentation, several UAC commissioners raised questions related to the
proposed community solar program design elements and explored the value of such a program for
Palo Alto.
Chair Danaher asked whether this product would cost more than the City’s current retail rates.
Choudhary said that was likely. They would not know the exact price until staff had gotten
proposals and knew the cost to build the project.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 6 of 9
Commissioner Forssell noted that there was a possibility that the product would involve a
premium for customers at first, but that customers might see a credit in outer years. This could
lead to customers waiting to sign only in later years. She asked Staff about their sense of
community acceptance this program from the start or if there would be any program rules to only
provide credits to long-term participating customers.
Choudhary said that the proposed program rules require demonstrated interest or pre -
commitment before construction of the community solar projects (up to 50% of the project
capacity). Once a project is constructed there could be these perverse incentives. Staff is relying on
community engagement and early adopters to bring community solar projects online.
Chair Danaher asked why participating customers would see benefit in outer years.
Choudhary said that it could happen if the Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) price stays fixed but
the commodity portion of the retail rates or utility avoided cost increased over time.
Assistant Director of Resource Management Jonathan Abendschein added that participating
customers would be locking in their supply costs for 20-25 years and that if City’s retail rates
continued to rise over time there might be savings in later years.
Chair Danaher commented that retail rates may go down eventually as solar and other renewables
become cheaper.
Abendschein confirmed the possibility of supply cost going down over time but noted transmission
costs would likely increase. Overall the City’s retail rates have increased over time.
Choudhary continued the presentation, going over the proposed design elements related to
funding of capital cost, risk mitigation to non-participating customers, project timeline and
discussed the application of the proposed program design elements to the first project site.
Commissioner Johnston asked whether the participating customer would pay the same PPA price
as CPAU would pay to the solar developer.
Choudhary said that the participating customers would be charged the PPA price instead of the
commodity portion of the retail rates. Staff was also considering a pricing option with a premium
adder (similar to the Palo Alto Green program) where customers would pay the difference
between the PPA price and the commodity portion of retail rates or the utility’s avoided cost.
Commissioner Johnston asked for further clarification and if there would be a situation where the
City would be paying more to the solar developer than was received from participants.
Choudhary said CPAU will aim to remain revenue neutral for energy costs for this program.
Commissioner Johnston asked to clarify who would be paying for incremental costs as listed in the
report ($15,000 to $35,000 per year).
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 7 of 9
Choudhary said that CPAU would like to recover this incremental cost from participating
customers.
Abendschein added that if a local solar project PPA costs 11 ¢/kWh and utility scale solar with
transmission charges costs 9 ¢/kWh, then 2 ¢/kWh would be the premium paid by partic ipants. In
addition, participants may have to pay some administrative costs for the program.
Commissioner Johnston asked staff to confirm that the concept is to recover all these costs from
participants.
Choudhary confirmed and added that this has to b e done in a cost-competitive way.
Commissioner Johnston agreed with need to be cost competitive and commented that otherwise
program is not going to be attractive.
Shikada added that underlying assumption is that unless the program cost pencil outs, staff would
not proceed with the program.
Commissioner Ballantine said that the value of having solar locally versus solar in the Central
Valley was reliability. It might be a challenge to communicate, but that would be a good reason for
a customer to participate. It might be worthwhile to include some optional line items in the
solicitation to add energy storage to the project as a benefit to participants. He suggested other
potential secondary reliability benefits, such as providing individual Electric Vehicle charging spots
or keeping the Regional Water Quality Control Plant running.
Chair Danaher said it would be good to discuss the value of local solar in Palo Alto at the joint
Council and UAC meeting in August. He was skeptical that this program would provide en ough
value to justify the cost. The Local Solar Plan, including its community solar goals, were adopted
before Palo Alto entered into long term utility scale solar PPAs. The larger goal for the utility
should be to get clean power supply at the lowest possible cost. Palo Alto may pursu e one
demonstration project but making it a larger program would not be good policy. He recommended
that staff perform market research and understand customers’ willingness to pay before investing
time in issuing the RFP for solar developers.
Commissioner Forssell said that she agrees with other commissioners’ comments related to
examining the value of the program to justify premium. She added that shaded parking could be
one other potential benefit but it is difficult to quantify.
Councilmember Filseth shared his observation that community solar programs are becoming
popular in communities where local solar projects are displacing fossil resources and in a more
cost-effective way than doing one rooftop solar project at a time. Palo Alto already has a b aseline
of clean power and the conversation here was different in that we were comparing a local solar
project with a large scale utility solar project. Local solar projects may be financially viable by
considering transmission costs and relatively low land lease costs by using a municipal site.
Chair Danaher recommended performing additional financial analysis and confirming participation
interest at various subsidy amounts before going ahead with the actual project development at
the golf course parking lot.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 8 of 9
Choudhary said that the proposed plan was to bring a solar developer onboard, seek participants’
interest, and only then move ahead with actual construction.
Abendschein noted that the financial analysis was not complex, and there was not much t o be
gained by doing more analysis before getting a picture of what prices developers would propose to
develop an actual project.
Chair Danaher asked to include not just the premium payment to solar developer but all other
costs City could be bearing in the financial analysis.
Commissioner Ballantine said that local solar may worsen the system reliability and “duck curve”
problem in California. Solar paired with storage can shift the dialogue and may justify premium
payment.
Chair Danaher said that he recognizes that staff is working under current policy directive of the
Local Solar Plan. He thought the UAC-Council joint study session in August would help in review of
this policy directive. They could discuss if prioritizing other measures such as efficiency would be
more effective.
Abendschein said that proposed plan is to be ready for the construction at the golf course parking
lot in next winter season. He asked UAC to clarify if the unanimous agreement is to review the
policy directive rather than implement it. If yes, staff would push out the project schedule for at
least a year.
Councilmember Filseth said that performing program financial analysis early would make sense
rather than proceeding ahead with the project development . He also shared his personal
experience of being early adopters of Palo Alto Green program and customers could potentially
see value in local solar if it prevents any adverse impact on desert life.
Abendschein said that this is one of the benefits of using local an already developed site for solar.
ACTION: Chair Danaher made a motion to recommend that staff delay consideration of this
project until after the Council-UAC joint study session in August. Commissioner Trumbull
seconded the Motion. The motion carried unanimously (6-0) with Vice Chair Danaher and
Commissioners Johnston, Ballantine, Segal, Forssell, and Trumbull voting yes and Commissioner
Schwartz absent.
ITEM 4. DISCUSSION: 2017 Utilities Strategic Plan Progress Report
Utilities General Manager Ed Shikada said there was not much to report. The procurement process
was taking longer than originally anticipated. He hoped to release an update to the Council within
the next few days describing the policy drivers for the planning proces s. He hoped to have the
consultants on board for the July 12, 2017 UAC meeting and use that meeting for a kickoff meeting
with the UAC.
ACTION: No action.
Utilities Advisory Commission Minutes Approved on: Page 9 of 9
ITEM 5. ACTION: Selection of Potential Topics(s) for Discussion at Future UAC Meeting
Commissioner Forssell noted there were some differences between the rolling calendar and the
schedule of meetings for the Electric Integrated Resource Plan (EIRP).
Assistant Director of Resource Management Jonathan Abendschein said that would be fixed for
the next meeting.
Utilities General Manager Ed Shikada noted the UAC’s future meetings were filling up with topics.
Upcoming meetings would include a discussion of the strategic plan and a joint UAC-Council
meeting.
Shikada noted there was some neighborhood conversation around concerns around high water
bills and the fact that the utility does not provide relief to customers. He said this was commonly
due to leaks in irrigation lines. Staff would likely bring this for discussion at a future UAC meeting.
ACTION: No action
Meeting adjourned at 9:10 p.m.
Respectfully Submitted,
Marites Ward
City of Palo Alto Utilities
Page 1 of 4
1
MEMORANDUM
TO: UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
FROM: UTILITIES DEPARTMENT
DATE: August 2, 2017
SUBJECT: Study Session Between the Council and UAC
RECOMMENDATION
Staff recommends that the Utilities Advisory Commission (“UAC”) approve this report as the
basis for the joint study session with the City Council.
DISCUSSION
The City Council and the UAC periodically meet in a joint study session to discuss matters that
fall within or are otherwise related to the role, purposes and duties of the UAC. Below is the list
of potential topics for discussion during the joint Council UAC study session scheduled on
August 21, 2017:
Fiscal Year 2017 Accomplishments
Utilities Strategic Planning
Electric Integrated Resource Plan Priorities
Council direction on UAC Priorities (including Community Solar)
The joint Council-UAC study session discussion is likely to focus on the topics identified above
and may also touch on other matters concerning to the role, duties and purpose of the UAC
(See Palo Alto Municipal Code § 2.23.050).
FISCAL YEAR 2017 ACCOMPLISHMENTS
2016-17 was a typically active year for the UAC. With leadership from Chair James F. Cook and
Vice Chair Michael Danaher, the UAC discussed and made recommendations on the following
issues that were then advanced for approval by the City Council:
Carbon Neutral Gas Plan
Rooftop Solar Net Energy Metering Transition Policy
Utilities Legislative Policy Guidelines
2017 Water Integrated Resource Plan
Ten-Year Electric and Gas Energy Efficiency Goals (2018 to 2027)
FY 2018 Electric, Gas, Wastewater Collection, and Water Utility Financial Plans
Page 2 of 4
Drought Water Savings
EIR Approval for Recycled Water Pipeline Project
Future Plans for Fiber and Broadband Expansion/Expand Wi-Fi to Unserved City Facilities
and Discontinue Consideration of City-Provided Wi-Fi in Commercial Areas
Draft Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (S/CAP) Implementation Plan (SIP)
Review of Development Services Analysis of Cost-Effectiveness of Mandates for Building
Electrification
Utilities Operating and Capital Budgets for FY 2018
Declining to Set an Energy Storage System Target Due to Lack of Cost -effective Options
Community Solar Preliminary Program Design Elements
In addition to the items above, the UAC also discussed and provided feedback to staff on a
variety of discussion items. Staff greatly appreciates the thoughtful and constructive input
provided by the UAC on a wide range of utility-related topics.
WORKPLAN FOR FY 2018: UTILITIES STRATEGIC PLANNING
With ongoing UAC engagement, the Utilities Department has begun the process of updating its
five-year Strategic Plan. The goal of the Strategic Plan is to ensure maximum alignment
between CPAU’s resources and activities with the City Council’s policy direction, citywide
organizational culture, employee and stakeholder interests, and customer service expectations.
The Strategic Plan also is intended to guide CPAU in successfully advancing the City ’s vision and
priorities over the next five to ten years through the development of CPAU goals, objectives
and initiatives; revisit the vision and/or mission statements; and result in the identification of
tactical action items and a refined system for tra cking performance. The strategic planning
process anticipates an extensive stakeholder engagement process with the UAC providing a key
advisory role in the development of the Strategic Plan.
At the July 12, 2017 UAC meeting, staff in conjunction with its consultant Tony Georgis,
NewGen Strategies and Solutions, presented and overview of the Strategic Plan development
process, desired outcomes and key trends.
Discussion Topic: Strategic Planning Stakeholder Engagement Process
Stakeholder engagement will play an important role in the strategic planning process. As a key
stakeholder and venue for broader public input, the UAC will have multiple strategic planning
discussions throughout the process. The September 2017 UAC meeting will include a discus sion
on the long-term vision and direction of the Utilities. Initial strategies and tactics will be
available for UAC feedback at the October and/or November 2017 meeting with a goal to
propose an updated Strategic Plan to the UAC at its December 2017 meeting, and recommend
City Council adoption.
The UAC has expressed a desire to have a forum for the community -at-large to allow for an
open discussion about the community’s priorities and concerns as they relate to the Utilities
Department. The UAC has also requested a high level overview of the strategic planning
Page 3 of 4
process and the UAC’s role in the development of the Strategic Plan. A schematic of the
planning process is summarized in Attachment A. A strategic planning community meeting is
now scheduled for Thursday, September 14, 2017. The meeting will be structured to allow for
active participation of the UAC with the community at large. While the agenda has not been
finalized, the anticipated focus will be to present preliminary observations regarding the issues
and opportunities facing the Utilities Department and potential strategic priorities, and solicit
public feedback on these topics.
Discussion Topic: Strategic Planning Key Issues and Market Trends
At its July 12th meeting, UAC commissioners discussed and provided input to staff and the City’s
consultants on the key trends and issues the UAC would like to see addressed through the
strategic planning process. The discussion is summarized in the attached memorandum from
NewGen Strategies and Solutions (Attachment B).
The Council/UAC joint study session will provide an opportunity for Council feedback on these
key drivers, issues and priorities to be addressed as part of the strategic planning process.
Discussion Topic: UAC Work Plan for 2018
Finally, the UAC’s engagement encompasses both broad strategic direction and detailed tactical
actions in support of the Utilities mission and operations. Attachment C provides an overview
of the anticipated topics to be discussed by the UAC over the upcoming year, with most items
presented as a precursor to City Council consideration related to the development of the
Electric Integrated Resource Plan and Utilities Strategic Plan. As can be seen, the UAC has a full
docket of substantive issues planned for the year.
Given this workload, the Council/UAC joint session provides an opportunity to discuss relative
priorities. Specifically, the UAC has suggested discussion of two speci fic topics.
The first relates to community solar which was discussed at the June 7, 2017 UAC meeting.
Staff recommended that the UAC recommend Council approval of a set of community solar
program design elements and also sought feedback on a potential community solar project at
the Palo Alto Municipal Golf Course parking lot. The UAC unanimously (6 -0, Commissioner
Schwartz absent) voted to delay consideration of this project until after the Council -UAC joint
study session in August.
The second, more general, topic is whether there are issues assigned that may detract from
organizational focus and progress in other areas. UAC members may wish to raise specific
issues they believe fall into this category and suggest modification or clarification of Council
direction.
RESOURCE IMPACT
There is no direct resource impact associated with this informational report.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
There is no direct policy impact associated with this information report.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
The Utilities Advisory Commission's discussion of topics to be discussed at the joint session with
Council does not meet the definition of a project under Public Resources Code 21065 and
therefore California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review is not required.
ATTACHMENTS
A. Schematic of the Strategic Planning Process
B. Memorandum from NewGen Strategies and Solutions Summarizing the July 12, 2017 UAC
Meeting on Strategic Planning
C. UAC 12-month calendar look-ahead
PREPARED BY: DAVE YUAN, Utilities Strategic Business Manager
REVIEWED BY: DEAN BATCHELOR, Utilities Chief Operating Officer
C7~. APPROVED BY:
EDSHIKADA
General Manager of Utilities
Page 4of4
Trends & Data Collection Vision & Issue Definition Strategies & Tactics Implementation & Plan
City of Palo Alto Utilities | Strategic Planning Process
July 20, 2017BluePoint Planning
Em
p
l
o
y
e
e
&
S
t
a
k
e
h
o
l
d
e
r
E
n
g
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
Pl
a
n
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
UA
C
July August September October November December 2018 Jan-Mar
Initial Trends Draft Vision
& Issues
Vision & Issues
Defined
Initial Strategies
& Tactics
Draft
Strategic Plan
Final
Strategic
Plan
Review &
Revised
Strategic Plan
Core Planning
Team (CPT)
Meeting #1
Utility
Stakeholders #1
UAC/Council
Joint Session
8/21
CPT
Meeting #2
UAC
Meeting #2
9/6
CPT
Meeting #3
Community
Workshop CPT
Meeting #4
Council
Presentation
Kick Off
Meeting
UAC
Meeting #3
12/6
UAC
Update
10/4
UAC
Update
11/1
Ongoing Employee Input
Ongoing Coordination
Employee
Small Group
Meetings
All Hands
Meeting
City Mgmt
Meeting
Employee
Workshop #2
Employee
Workshop #1
Utility Advisory
Commission
Meeting #1
7/12
ATTACHMENT A
Utility
Stakeholders #2
CPT = Core Planning Team of 25 Cross-Divisional CPAU Employees
Stakeholders = Customer and Community Stakeholders Invited to Focus Meetings 60 (+/-)
Memorandum
Economics | Strategy | Stakeholders | Sustainability
www.newgenstrategies.net
225 Union Boulevard
Suite 305
Lakewood, CO 80228
Phone: (720) 633-9514
To: Monica Padilla
From: Tony Georgis, Fred Wellington
Date: July 17, 2017
Re: UAC Strategic Planning Meeting #1 Notes
UAC Strategic Planning Project Introduction
The City of Palo Alto Utilities (CPAU) is beginning the update of their Strategic Plan (Plan) to ensure the
guiding principles, strategy, and tactics remain applicable to a changing business environment, an evolving
organization, as well as account for the progress made on the Plan. The Plan should act as a filter and
context for utility resource, workforce, technology, market, and sustainability related decision making. By
updating and refreshing the current Plan it will also provide a “line of sight” from the organization’s
broader strategy to more day‐to‐day activities by staff, thus aligning the organization with the Plan.
The Plan update has a two‐step approach including:
1)The comprehensive update of the Plan elements; and
2)The development of a practical implementation plan to engage and align the workforce.
Extensive internal and external stakeholder engagement is included in the Plan development to ensure
community and stakeholder insights are properly integrated. In addition to the internal CPAU Core
Planning Team (CPT) being responsible for driving the development of the Plan, the stakeholder
engagement process includes three external stakeholder groups: the Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC),
a Utility Stakeholder Panel, and City Management stakeholders.
The goal and proposed role of the UAC meetings is to provide targeted, strategic insight to the update of
the Plan. Testing ideas and draft strategic elements of the Plan with the UAC allows us to proactively
identify any issues, gaps, or leverage opportunities in the community. The first meeting with the UAC was
focused on a general overview of the planning process and gathering initial insight into what key issues or
market trends CPAU must address in the next five to 10 years. The issues and feedback from the UAC are
summarized below.
UAC Market Trend Insights and Feedback
Climate Change
Understand and integrate climate change issues, adaptation, sea level rise, etc.
Focus on resiliency.
Value or attempt to quantify resiliency benefits to CPAU for initiatives.
ATTACHMENT B
Memorandum
Monica Padilla
July 17, 2017
Page 2
UAC Strategic Planning Meeting #1 Notes_071717
Sustainability efforts and unintended consequences
Identify systemic or mutually beneficial outcomes rather than increased sustainability at the
expense of other areas (e.g., cost competitiveness, sacrificing habitat for solar panels, etc.).
Evaluate distributed solar energy support that may be at the expense of broader benefits.
Organization, operational, and workforce issues
Prioritization of efforts, limited human/financial resources. What should CPAU “stop doing”
to allow for more focus on higher priority initiatives and ensure success?
Long‐term staffing strategy with workforce. Considering 35%‐50% of staff eligible for
retirement.
Affordable housing.
Technology’s role in workforce, potential to address “brain drain.”
Growing cybersecurity concerns, impacts.
Electric vehicles
Vehicle to grid and smart charging opportunities to integrate potential electric system
benefits (e.g., demand response).
Focus on electric vehicle (EV) trends and penetration within Palo Alto, not national trends and
penetration as Palo Alto experiences much higher penetration rates.
Electric utility emerging technology and issues
What/where are the opportunities for energy storage? What are the inflection points where
it becomes economical to implement; what are the conditions necessary, including
valuing/quantifying possible resiliency benefits?
Opportunities for microgrids or “islanding” areas within Palo Alto strategically.
Energy efficiency impacts in Palo Alto may be greater than national averages, further
dampening electric load growth.
Cost competitiveness and financial impacts
Remain reliable, cost competitive service to customers.
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports and potential impacts to United States gas prices.
Aging infrastructure and costs may be escalating as Utility postpones reinvestments.
Leverage fiber backbone resources
Learn from others in technology adoptions
Water recycling opportunities in the future. Be proactive and forward thinking to identify and
prepare for more opportunities.
FORECAST 12-MONTH ROLLING CALENDAR
Utilities Advisory Commission City Council
September
2017
2017 Utilities Strategic Plan Update/Potential UAC/Council study
session
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Hydroelectric Resources
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Portfolio Alternatives Overview
Hydroelectric Variability Management Strategy
Update on Smartgrid Pilot Program & Lessons Learned
Water Leak Policy
Wastewater COSA Design Guidelines (Finance)
Electric Integrated Resource Plan Overview and Work Plan (Council)
October
2017
2017 Utilities Strategic Plan Progress Report
Distribution Energy Resource Plan: 2018 through 2030
Recycled Water Project Alternatives Evaluation and Business Plan
Water Benchmarking (Finance)
Audit Status Report – Util Meters, Procurement, Inventory & Retirement (P&S)
Audit Status Report – Inventory Management (P&S)
Gas Leak Survey Contract (Council)
November
2017
2017 Utilities Strategic Plan Progress Report
Progress on Smart Grid Assessment and Developing Utility Technology
Roadmap
Gas Utility Cost of Service Study
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Renewable Portfolio Standard
required and possible modifications
2017 Utilities Strategic Plan: Approval (Finance)
Hydroelectric Variability Management Strategy (Finance)
December
2017
2017 Utilities Strategic Plan: Recommend Approval Gas Utility Cost of Service Study (Finance)
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Renewable Portfolio Standard requirements
and possible modifications (Finance)
Hydroelectric Variability Management Strategy (Council)
January
2018
Approval of Distributed Energy Resource Plans: 2018 to 2030
Preliminary Results of Distribution Systems Assessment to Facilitate
Distributed Energy Resources: 2020 and 2030
2017 Utilities Strategic Plan: Recommend Approval (Finance)
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Renewable Portfolio Standard requirements
and possible modifications (Council)
February
2018
Preliminary Findings and Recommendation on Smart Grid Assessment
and Implementing Utility Technology Roadmap
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Carbon Neutral Portfolio
2017 Utilities Strategic Plan: Approval (Council)
March
2018
Financial Forecasts / Rate Changes
Phase 1b Electric COSA results - Heat pumps / EVs – rate/fee changes
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Portfolio Management and
Transmission
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Carbon Neutral Portfolio (Finance)
Approval of Distributed Energy Resource Plans: 2018 to 2030 (Council)
April
2018
Financial Forecasts / Rate Changes
Community Solar Program Elements
Financial Forecasts / Rate Changes (Finance)
Phase 1b Electric COSA results - Heat pumps / EVs – rate/fee changes (Finance)
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Carbon Neutral Portfolio (Council)
May
2018
Financial Forecasts / Rate Changes (Finance)
June
2018
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Proposed Objectives, Key
Strategies and Implementation Plan
Financial Forecasts / Rate Changes (Council)
July
2018
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Proposed Objectives, Key Strategies and
Implementation Plan (Finance)
August
2018
To be Scheduled
Water Benchmarking Study
Update UAC Bylaws
Update on City ERP and Utilities Billing System
Long-Term Direction for Utilities
Crossbore Updates, Next Steps: Phase 2 Implementation
Utl Engineering Services contract with Utilimap
Electric Rate Design Review Related to EV and Heat Pumps
ATTACHMENT C
Page 1 of 10
2
MEMORANDUM
TO: UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
FROM: UTILTIES DEPARTMENT
DATE: August 2, 2017
SUBJECT: Discussion of Developing a Flexible Distributed Energy Resource Plan and
Forecasting Long Term Customer Electrical Loads in Palo Alto
______________________________________________________________________________
REQUEST
This report provides the Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) an overview of Distributed Energy
Resources (DERs) in Palo Alto and a proposed approach to integrating these resources into the
electric utility distribution system, including a set of proposed strategic principles to guide
operational decision making. Staff is seeking feedback on the proposed approach, and will bring
a fully developed DER Work Plan for UAC review and recommendation in late 2017 / early 2018.
These strategic principles will also help inform aspects of the Utilities Strategic Planning
process. While these strategic principles are primarily focused on the impacts and opportunities
for DERs in utility operations, staff intends to integrate them into other Citywide efforts (such
as the Sustainability and Climate Action Plan, the S/CAP) to promote or enable DERs for other
reasons, such as carbon reduction.
This report also discusses the approach staff takes in forecasting customer electrical loads and
how forecasts of DER adoption will be incorporated into these load forecasts to comply with
the integrated resource planning requirements of SB 350.
No UAC action is requested at this time.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
DERs in Palo Alto are electrical energy resources connected to the CPAU electric distribution grid
that can significantly change the character, timing, and magnitude of electric loads and that can
potentially be used to replace or complement services traditionally provided by utility-scale
generating resources. DERs tend to be smaller than typical utility-scale resources (less than
1MW in Palo Alto). DERs include resources such as solar photovoltaics (PV), electric vehicles
(EV), energy efficiency (EE) measures, customer demand response (DR), energy storage (ES)
systems, smart thermostats, and high-efficiency electric heat-pumps (HP) for water and space
heating of building loads.1 DERs could be deployed by customers at their premises, behind the
utility electricity meter, or by CPAU within the distribution system network. Except for a handful,
1 PUC §769 defines “distributed resources” as distributed renewable generation resources, energy efficiency, energy storage,
electric vehicles, and demand response. Palo Alto definition of DER is slightly boarder, including smart thermostats and heat
pump technologies.
Page 2 of 10
all current DERs in Palo Alto are customer-sited behind-the-meter resources. Well managed and
integrated DERs with built-in sensing, controlling, and communicating controls could be
leveraged to provide distribution and transmission systems services, potentially lowering costs
to the DER owner and all CPAU customers.
Currently customer decisions to adopt DERs are based on a variety of factors, including
customer preferences, incentives available to customers, and availability of programs to
facilitate adoption. However, unmanaged DER adoption could increase costs for CPAU by
increasing uncertainty in balancing loads and resources, as well as causing adverse impacts on
the distribution system. The third section of this report proposes broad strategic principles to
ensure pragmatic and cost-effective integration of DERs in Palo Alto. A DER Plan based on the
strategic principles discussed here will guide operational decision making and can help CPAU
mitigate risks and facilitate customer adoption of these technologies to the benefit of the entire
Palo Alto community.
This report discusses these preliminary strategic principles and a roadmap to develop the DER
Plan. Staff will bring a fully developed DER Plan for UAC review and action in late 2017 / early
2018. The adoption of these strategic principles and the increased penetration of DERs will also
have implications for the staffing, resources, and priorities for the entire utility, and this will be
discussed as part of the Utilities Strategic Planning process.
DISCUSSION
CPAU’s current annual electrical energy load (950 GWh) and annual peak demand (180 MW) are
approximately 15% lower than in the year 2000. The exit of electricity-intensive commercial
customers from Palo Alto, increases in energy-efficient appliances and building codes, changes
in customer behavior, and the installation of solar PV on rooftops are some of the reasons for
the decreased electricity load. The City’s per capita average annual residential customer
electrical energy use has declined by 16% over the past decade.2
The discussion below is organized in three sections: Section A gives an overview of the impact
of DERs on Palo Alto’s electric load to-date, while Section B discusses the load forecasting
approach and uncertainties in CPAU’s 2030 load due to DERs. Section C discusses how staff will
develop a DER Plan to facilitate DER integration in Palo Alto.
A. Overview of Past DER Adoption
A variety of DERs have been installed in Palo Alto to-date. An overview of various technologies
and their adoption in Palo Alto is provided below. CPAU’s practice to-date has been to support
and facilitate customer adoption of DER in accordance with Council-approved plans or State
mandates.3 However, when such systems are cost-effective from a societal perspective,4 CPAU
2 The corresponding per capita residential natural gas and water consumption has declined by 25% and 45% respectively over
the past 10-years.
3 Existing CPAU goals/ programs related to DERs include: 2014 Local Solar Plan, 2015 Electrification Work Plan, 2016 Use of Low
Carbon Fuel Standard Revenue to benefit EV customers, and the 2017 Updated Ten-Year Electric Energy Efficiency Goals. DERs
are also addressed in the Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (S/CAP) and goals related to DERs were included in the first
proposed Sustainability Implementation Plan (SIP). Other City mandates address DERs as well, such as Building Code regulations
mandating EV charger installation in new buildings.
Page 3 of 10
actively promotes technologies using electric rate-payer funds such as Public Benefits funding.5
CPAU also funds DERs as required by state law.
• Solar PV Systems: Since 1998, over 1,000 PV systems with a total capacity of 10 MW have
been installed in the community at an estimated nominal investment of $55 million.6 These
systems received $13 million in rebates funded by electric rate-payers as required by state
law SB-1 and additional support through the City’s Net Energy Metering (NEM) rate, which
was also mandated.7 These systems currently meet approximately 1% the community’s
overall energy needs and lower the City’s system peak capacity by 5%. Palo Alto has a Local
Solar Plan goal to provide 4% of its electricity from local solar resources by 2023.
• Energy Efficiency: Since 2007 CPAU has supported and provided incentives for $23 million
in EE projects.8 The EE investments over the past ten years have lowered the community’s
electrical loads by 6.5% (a cumulative savings of 62,800 MWh). In addition to CPAU
programs, stricter State and Federal standards for high-efficiency appliance and building
energy use have also lowered community electrical loads substantially. CPAU’s recently-
approved ten-year electric energy efficiency goals set a cumulative savings goal of 5.7% for
2018 through 2027.9 Between 2018 and 2027, State building codes and standards are
projected to save another 2.8% of CPAU’s total projected 2027 electricity load.
• Electric Vehicles: Since 2010, there has been rapid growth in EVs in Palo Alto, for both
resident-owned and commuter vehicles. With an estimated 2,500 EVs expected to be
registered in Palo Alto by the end of Calendar Year (CY) 2017 and 1,000 commuter EVs,
CPAU estimates the total EV charging load in Palo Alto in CY 2017 to be 6,400 MWh or 0.7%
of expected load. In accordance with Council directives as well as state law, CPAU is
facilitating greater adoption of EVs by providing information on EV charging costs,
simplifying the process for installing EV chargers at home, and by providing $0.4 million per
year in rebates for installing new EV chargers at multi-user sites.10
• Demand Response: CPAU has had a pilot Demand Response program available since 2012.
The current pilot program provides about 0.5 MW reduction in peak capacity (or 0.3%
reduction in CPAU’s coincident peak).
4 “Societal cost-effectiveness” is based on a Societal Cost Test (SCT) used in the utility industry. SCT is a broader measure of
societal net benefit, as oppose to Participants Cost Test (PCT), which looks at only a single customer’s cost and benefits.
5 PUC § 385: The public benefits charge (for electric utilities in California) is a state mandated requirement to collect a separate
surcharge to be used for “public benefits” programs such as cost-effective energy efficiency and low income programs.
6 These solar systems are made up of 975 residential and 78 commercial systems. Nominal investment is estimated using
declining cost of the solar PV system over time (1998 to 2017; $24/Watt to $3.5/Watt).
7 NEM is a billing mechanism to compensate onsite renewables at the retail rates. CPAU’s NEM cap is 10.8 MW. Once CPAU
reaches the NEM cap, customers with newly approved solar PV systems will be served by the NEM Successor rate.
8 CPAU has been promoting EE investments since the 1970s, but highly regulated efficiency savings accounting has only been in
place for the past 10 years. CPAU provides an annual update on EE/demand side management programs each fiscal year.
9 March 2017 Updated Ten-year Electric Energy Efficiency Goals
10 CPAU provides EV charger rebates by leveraging funds from CA state Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) program - EV charger
rebates for multi-user sites
Page 4 of 10
• Energy Storage, Heat Pump Water Heaters, and Smart Thermostats: These technologies
are still in early stages of deployment and their impact on the CPAU electrical system is yet
to be determined. CPAU assessed the cost-effectiveness of energy storage systems earlier
this year and found they are not yet cost-effective from a societal perspective 11. CPAU is
facilitating customers’ adoption of energy storage systems by clearly communicating
interconnection and building permitting requirements. High-efficiency heat pumps for
water and space heating currently both have very low penetration rates in Palo Alto. For
heat-pump water heaters, CPAU is facilitating customer adoption by providing education to
customers and installers, communicating the City’s permitting requirements, and by
providing a pilot program rebate of $1,500 per unit.
B. Load Forecasting Approach, Use of Forecasts and Uncertainty in 2030 Loads
CPAU currently plans for the impact of DERs by incorporating projections of DER adoption rates
into the load forecasting process. CPAU, in collaboration with NCPA, uses an econometric load
forecasting model for the long-term forecast.12 The output for the long-term econometric
model is then exogenously adjusted for factors that are not adequately captured in the model –
such as the addition or exit of large loads, or accelerated adoption of DER technologies. These
monthly and annual forecasts are generated for up to 10 years, and are submitted to the
California Independent System Operator (CAISO), the California Energy Commission (CEC), and
Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) for transmission and supply resource planning
purposes at the state level. Internally, CPAU utilizes the same forecast for energy and capacity
procurement decisions, monthly load-resource balancing, distribution system planning,
developing and promoting customer programs and for financial planning of rates and reserves.
Long-term forecasts for the period of 2019 – 2030, along with DER forecasts and the supply
portfolio will be developed for the purpose of long-term supply planning and will be submitted
to the CEC to meet regulatory requirements under SB 350.
• Uncertainty in 2030 Loads due to DERs
DER technology adoption forecasts remain uncertain as past customer adoption rates provide
limited foresight into future adoption trends. Dynamic factors such as decreasing technology
cost trends, policy directives, and rebate availability play a large role in DER adoption rates.
Staff has made some preliminary and highly uncertain estimates. Under a high-adoption
scenario, staff estimates that solar PV and EE investments might lower CPAU’s electric load by
20% in 2030. A high-adoption scenario for EV adoption and building electrification, on the other
hand, could increase the electric load by 10% in 2030. These individually-owned DERs will
impact CPAU’s load profile (both seasonal and hourly), and if integrated optimally they could
have the potential to lower CPAU costs to serve the entire Palo Alto community. CPAU is
currently assessing the locational impacts of DER adoption.
11 May 2017 Energy Storage Report to the UAC
12 The forecasts provide long-term trends and are sensitive to the adoption of DERs in the long term. NCPA utilizes a separate
short-term neutral network based day-ahead model to forecast hourly loads on a day-ahead basis.
Page 5 of 10
C. Framework to Develop a Long Term DER Plan
• Guiding Principles to Develop a DER Plan
Staff expects that the adoption of DER technologies will remain uncertain as cost-effectiveness
and customer preferences evolve in the coming decade. To effectively plan for the impacts of
DERs, staff proposes the following set of strategic principles for discussion by the UAC in August
2017.
CPAU proposes to integrate DERs in a cost-effective and reliable manner by the adhering to the
following principles:
1) Ensure that both the electric distribution system and electric utility financial and
pricing structures can accommodate DER growth,
2) Facilitate the operation of DERs in ways that enhance the value to the DER owner as
well as to the rest of the Palo Alto community, and
3) Staff will act as a facilitator of DERs. This means that:
i. Where DERs are cost-effective as an alternative to traditional generating
sources or distribution system upgrades, CPAU will create incentives for
adoption of DERs;
ii. Where DER technologies are not yet cost-effective alternatives to traditional
generating sources or distribution system upgrades, CPAU will facilitate
voluntary customer adoption.
These principles are discussed in greater detail below:
1) Ensure that both the electric distribution system and electric utility financial and
pricing structures can accommodate DER growth
As discussed above, long-term DER adoption rates remain uncertain. Establishing scenarios and
stress test cases could help CPAU to plan for these load uncertainties. Staff plans to undertake
DERs scenario assessments as part of developing the DER Plan and EIRP.
CPAU currently has a relatively robust distribution system network in place and does not
anticipate having to make significant investments on the distribution system side to integrate
DERs in next few years.13 However, this could change if there are specific neighborhoods of
concentrated EV and electrification adoption. Staff is undertaking a closer review of the
distribution system, and is assessing if there are any locational hot spots which could prove
challenging for integrating DERs in longer term. Staff plans to share these findings with the UAC
in early 2018.
Staff will also evaluate the current electrical rate structure and DER connection fee structures
to ensure that they can accommodate customer driven DER adoption, within overall rate
13 CPAU has 9 substations with availability of back-up substation transformers, 62 feeder lines and about 3,000 distribution
transformers.
Page 6 of 10
making principles. The Utility Strategic Planning process is an appropriate venue to discuss the
relative priorities of these initiatives.
2) Facilitate operation of DERs in a way that enhances value to the DER owner as well as
for the overall Palo Alto community
Time-varying retail price signals could create incentives for customers to operate DERs in a
manner that is optimal for both the customer and the overall Palo Alto community. For
example, unmanaged EV charging in residential areas could stress the local distribution
transformer in evening time periods and may require unplanned upgrades. This impact could be
mitigated if there are price signals to encourage EV charging in less impactful hours in the day.
CPAU currently does not have Advanced Meter Infrastructure (AMI) to implement time varying
pricing.14 CPAU’s planned investments in Customer Information System (CIS) and AMI systems
by 2021 will prepare the utility to send appropriate price signals and to ensure DER electricity
consumption (or self-generation) patterns are in sync with the distribution system and CAISO
market needs.
As part of its series of AMI pilot programs, staff is considering a pilot program to test
capabilities of new sensing, controlling, and communications systems which could enable DER
systems to respond to transmission and distribution system needs on a day-ahead or real-time
basis.15 Smart inverters integrated with solar PV and battery storage, automated DR capability
for Building Management Systems, sensing and communication for EVs, and controllable heat-
pump water heaters, are some of the technologies that could be included for this assessment.
3) Staff will act as a facilitator of DERs. This means that:
iii. Where DERs are cost-effective as an alternative to traditional generating
sources or distribution system upgrades, CPAU will create incentives for
adoption of DERs
iv. Where DER technologies are not yet cost-effective alternatives to
traditional generating sources or distribution system upgrades, CPAU will
facilitate voluntary customer adoption.
Staff proposes that CPAU’s role be to facilitate customer DER adoption rather than to take a
‘do-nothing’ approach,16 or to actively encourage adoption regardless of the cost,17 or to try to
be involved in the business of installing and owning DER technologies.18 A facilitative approach
14 CPAU has successfully tested the AMI technology with 300 customers CustomerConnect Advance Meter Pilot
15 The pilot scale project could include leveraging the PV and energy storage systems’ smart inverters capabilities to provide
capacitive energy for enhancing the distribution system power factor and to provide ancillary services to the transmission
system
16 This approach would not include streamlining of DER adoption requirements, devoting staff to other priorities, and
addressing distribution system issues in a reactive manner, as they arise.
17 This would involve actively attempting to reshape the way the distribution system operates using advanced control
technologies and incentives to encourage sophisticated DER integration. This approach could involve significant costs and risks
by moving more quickly than most small utilities.
18 For example, installing EV chargers, getting into the business of installing rooftop solar, or other competitive business
Page 7 of 10
would involve acknowledging the DERs can sometimes serve a role in providing services
traditionally provided by generators (for example, reducing EV charging load during peak hours
as an alternative to turning on a gas-fired peaking plant). The cost-effectiveness of DERs as an
alternative to central station generation depends on the cost of the DER technology and the
value of the service provided. For example, storage could be used to provide a variety of
services, including providing operating reserves for the transmission system, providing reactive
power, reducing impacts on the distribution system, and other services. However, currently the
cost of storage systems exceeds the benefits the storage system can realize, meaning it is not
cost-effective for the utility to encourage storage as an alternative to services provided by
central station generation or to defer distribution system investments. This may change as
storage costs decrease. Still, there are cost-effective DER technologies right now, such as
energy efficiency measures. Installing efficient appliances is a well-established cost-effective
alternative to building new generation.
Where DER technologies (such as storage) are not yet cost-competitive, staff is proposing that
CPAU’s focus be on working to ensure that permitting and interconnection processes are made
as minimally burdensome as can be reasonably achieved while preserving system safety. In
addition, CPAU could implement pilot programs to gain experience with these DERs. This helps
those customers who are willing to pay a premium to voluntarily adopt DER technologies that
are not yet cost-effective from a societal perspective. One example of how such an approach
would work is the City’s program to use Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) funds to provide
rebates for installation of EV chargers in underserved multi-use sites (non-profits, schools,
multi-family housing) while simultaneously working to safely ease permitting requirements for
EV charger installation. This facilitates greater EV adoption by customers who are willing to pay
a premium to reduce carbon by purchasing an electric vehicle, but does not significantly impact
other electric ratepayers to do so.
This approach would require the utility to devote staff time and resources to work on
evaluating cost-effective technologies, launching and managing pilot programs, and working to
safely streamline permit and interconnection requirements. The DER Work Plan discussed
below would establish a proposed level of staffing for these functions and whether additional
staff would be required, and the Utilities Strategic Plan would help establish the priority for
these activities relative to other necessary utility functions. Any change in staffing or other
funding levels would require discussions as part of the budget and rate setting process. Lastly,
any efforts undertaken under the DER Work Plan would need to be coordinated and aligned
with other City initiatives involving DERs, particularly the S/CAP.
• Roadmap to Develop a DER Work Plan for next 5-10 years
Figure 1, below, outlines at a high level how a DER integration plan could progress over the next
decade. There are multiple levels of involvement that CPAU can have in DER integration and
partnership, and each requires a higher level of sophistication and resource commitment. The
DER Plan will provide a more detailed plan for the potential timing of these stages, the decision
criteria for whether to proceed to the next stage, and the variety of different options available
ventures.
Page 8 of 10
at each stage. The discussion of the DER Plan strategic principles (as listed above) and the Utility
Strategic Planning exercise will also provide insights to develop a more robust DER work plan.
CPAU has already taken some steps supportive of DER integration. Per Council direction (see
footnote three), CPAU is already assisting early adopters of some types DERs such as PVs and
EVs, and is working to facilitate customer adoption of DERs.19 CPAU is establishing teams
working across Departments and Divisions to achieve these goals. Staff is also working on a DER
valuation and distribution system assessment and plans to share these findings with the UAC in
coming months. Lastly, CPAU has successfully tested the application of AMI technology and
response to the time-varying prices with a 300-customer pilot program, piloting technologies
and rate designs that will be important for DER integration. In the absence of widely deployed
AMI systems, CPAU is considering performing small scale DER pilots to learn how to integrate a
number of DER systems for dispatch into the CAISO day-ahead markets. These activities are
outlined as Stage 1 in Figure 1, and are expected to run through 2021 along with CPAU’s CIS and
AMI system implementation.
By 2021-22, the AMI system is expected to be fully operational. If the UAC and Council direct
staff to pursue further DER activities, CPAU would then take on Stage 2a activities related to the
deeper integration of DERs, such as DER-specific pricing strategies (including time of use rates)
and implementation of other automation at the distribution system level. In Stage 2b, CPAU
would be fully prepared to leverage the DER system for the benefit of the California energy
markets, transmission and distribution system, and to optimally serve the Palo Alto community.
Stage 2 activities could be undertaken over the 2022-2027 time periods. The City can pursue
earlier phase activities without proceeding all the way to Phase 2b.
19 For example, providing unbiased customer information through PV Watt and EV cost calculators and streamlining
interconnection and building permit approval processes for heat pump water heaters.
Page 9 of 10
Fig 1: Evolutionary Stages of Customer Adoption of DER & Leveraging DER for Overall Community Benefit20
NEXT STEPS
Staff is seeking UAC input on staff’s proposed approach to facilitate DER adoption, particularly
the three strategic principles intended to guide the development of the DER Plan for UAC
review in late 2017 / early 2018.
RESOURCE IMPACT
No additional resources are being sought to develop this plan. Work will be performed with
existing staff and with input and support from NCPA.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
The policies to be adopted in this DER Plan have implications for business practices throughout
the Utilities Department and implications for the services provided to customers with respect
to DERs. They will be coordinated closely with the Utilities Strategic Plan. The City’s DER policies
will also need to be consistent with the S/CAP and the Electric Integrated Resource Plan (EIRP)
currently under development. Additional staffing or other resources needed, if any, will be
discussed as part of the DER Work Plan and formally proposed as part of the annual budget
process.
20 This graphic is adapted from the CAISO’s presentation to the NCPA Smart Grid working group , “More than Smart” DER
planning paper and SCE whitepaper on grid modernization
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
The Utilities Advisory Commission's discussion of the DER work plan does not meet the
definition of a project under Public Resources Code 21065 and is therefore California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review is not required .
PREPARED BY : SC-SONI KA CHOUDHARY, Resource Planner
Qt-SHIVA SWAMI NATHAN, Senior Resource Planner
REVIEWED BY: Jk-C/N ABENDSCHEIN, Assistant Director, Resource Management
~-APPROVED BY :
EDSHIKADA
General Manager of Utilities
Page 10of10
Page 1 of 5
3
MEMORANDUM
TO: UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
FROM: UTILITIES DEPARTMENT
DATE: August 2, 2017
SUBJECT: Staff Recommendation that the Utilities Advisory Commission Recommend
that the City Council Approve Policy Objectives for the 2017 Wastewater
Collection Utility Cost of Service Analysis
REQUEST
Staff requests that the Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) recommend that the Council
approve the Policy Objectives for the 2017 Wastewater Collection Utility Cost of Service
Analysis (Attachment A).
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Wastewater Collection rates were last adjusted when a 9% rate increase went into effect on
July 1, 2016.1 The last cost of service analysis (COSA) was completed in 2011. Staff intends to
complete a Wastewater Collection COSA in FY 2018 in advance of a projected rate adjustment
on July 1, 2018. The primary goal of the COSA will be to review the allocation of costs to
customer classes and the Wastewater Collection rate design to ensure customers are charged
according to the cost to serve them. This report discusses the existing rate design, gives an
overview of the issues to be addressed in the COSA, and presents the proposed COSA policy
objectives to guide staff and the consultant in completing the Wastewater Collection COSA.
BACKGROUND
A COSA is used to equitably and reasonably allocate a utility’s costs across the customer groups
served. A COSA includes a Rate Study, which sets the retail rates for specific customer classes.
COSAs support the development of fair and reasonable rates and serve as a complement to the
process of annual financial planning and budgeting. Through the financial planning and
budgeting process the City determines its objectives for a utility (e.g. maintenance objectives,
customer service objectives, infrastructure replacement plans), estimates what it will cost to
achieve those objectives, implements cost control measures or process efficiency measures
where feasible, and proposes adjustments to its annual budget. The COSA takes this annual
operating budget and determines how much of the cost should be allocated to each customer
1 Staff Report 6690 http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/51813
Page 2 of 5
class, establishing pricing structures to ensure the cost of serving each customer matches the
price they pay for the service.
The FY 2018 Wastewater Collection Utility Financial Plan2 projects the need for a 7% rate
increase on July 1, 2018. The current rates are based on a COSA performed by Utility Financial
Solutions (UFS) in 2011.3 COSAs are typically updated every three to seven years, or when there
are significant changes in the utility’s costs, customer base, or other factors. As California is
exiting a multi-year drought, and customer water usage is starting to stabilize at lower levels
than before the drought, it is a good time to evaluate whether customer sewer outflows have
changed as well. In addition, Wastewater Collection Utility expenses have changed in recent
years. Whether or not these changes have resulted in the need to adjust allocations of costs
between customers is unknown, but will be evaluated as a part of the COSA analysis.
DISCUSSION
The following sections provide a review of the current rate structure, a discussion of rate design
issues affecting the utility, and the proposed set of policy objectives to guide the COSA.
Summary of Existing Rate Structure
CPAU has three sewer rate schedules: one for residents (S-1), one for commercial customers
(S-2), and a special schedule for restaurants (S-6), which discharge higher than average
amounts of grease and oil and, therefore, have a greater impact on the sewer system.
Residential customers (S-1) are billed a monthly service charge, while most commercial
customers (S-2) are billed based on their winter month water usage (January through March).
This closely approximates non-irrigation water consumption, which is a good proxy for actual
sewer use, since nearly all non-irrigation water is discharged to the sewer. Restaurant
customers (S-6) are billed based on monthly water usage.4 CPAU also maintains a rate schedule
for those industrial dischargers (S-7) whose discharge requires monitoring for specific
pollutants, but there are currently no customers required to be on this rate schedule. Table 1,
below, summarizes the current rates for all customer classes.
2 Staff Report 7855 http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/56659
3 Staff Report 1399 http://www.cityofpaloalto.org/civicax/filebank/documents/26410
4 Note that unlike other commercial customers, restaurant water use is not based on winter water consumption.
This is because water use in restaurants is primarily process related (cooking, restrooms), meaning that month to
month variation typically represents variations in business water needs, which impacts the sewer, rather than
irrigation, which does not.
Page 3 of 5
Table 1: Current Wastewater Collection Rates
Current
(as of 7/1/2016)
Monthly Service and Minimum Charges ($/month)
S-1 (Residential) Service charge $34.83
S-2 (Commercial),
S-6 (Restaurant)
Minimum $34.83
Quantity Rates: based on water usage
S-2 (Commercial) $/CCF 6.71
S-6 (Restaurant) $/CCF 10.38
S-7 (Industrial) $/CCF 3.08
COSA Policy Objectives
In the past, the UAC and Council have expressed concern about having limited ability to make
changes to proposed rate structures once a COSA is completed. Therefore, staff has committed
to having policy discussions with the UAC and Council prior to embarking on a COSA. For this
COSA, staff has a limited set of policy objectives (Attachment A) to guide the development of
the next Wastewater Collection COSA. The proposed objectives are:
Objective 1. Rates must be based on the cost to serve customers. This is the overriding
principle for the cost of service analysis (COSA); all other rate design
considerations are subsidiary to this basic premise.
Objective 2. Examine the feasibility of a separate flat rate for multi-family dwelling units.
Objective 3. Evaluate the impact of proposed rate designs on low income customers and
mitigate if feasible.
Objective 1: Rates must be based on the cost of service
The goal of a COSA is to identify the costs associated with serving each customer class and the
rates required to recover those costs. The California Constitution requires property-related fees
such as municipal wastewater collection rates to be based on the utility’s cost to serve its
customers, or else they are considered a tax subject to 2/3 voter approval. Thus, the COSA is an
important tool to design and support utility rates that are based on the cost of service. As a
result, this guideline must be the primary and overriding one for the COSA.
Objective 2: Consider potential updates to existing rate schedules
Staff recommends evaluating the possibility of differentiating rates by dwelling type (single
family homes vs multi-family dwellings, such as apartments) for the residential customer class.
Customers in apartments, townhomes, etc. have occasionally inquired as to whether a lower
rate could be created for smaller dwellings, as they theoretically have less discharge to the
sewer than a larger home.
Page 4 of 5
The COSA will also examine separate multi-family dwelling wastewater collection rates. While
some neighboring agencies offer this type of rate structure, it can present challenges since
most multi-family dwellings are master-metered, complicating assessment of individual water
use (and therefore sewer discharge). Recent surveys of the number of units served by master-
meters may allow for meaningful analysis to take place. Any potential for differentiating the
rate must be weighed against increased billing system complexity, as well as additional
monitoring and tracking considerations.
Objective 3: Evaluate the impacts of proposed rate designs on low income customers and
mitigate, if feasible
Tied with the review of residential customer rates, staff intends to evaluate the impact of any
recommended rate design changes on low-income consumers and may recommend mitigation
of those impacts if necessary. Low-income customers may have lower water usage than other
customers, on average, and are more likely to live in apartments, so rate structure changes that
take these characteristics into account may reduce the sewer rate impact on the City’s low-
income population.
NEXT STEPS
After receiving the UAC’s recommendation, staff will take the COSA policy objectives to the
Finance Committee, followed by consideration by the City Council. The COSA is expected to be
completed by the spring of 2018 so that updated rates can be adopted as part of the FY 2019
budget process to be effective on July 1, 2018.
RESOURCE IMPACT
The work associated with this project will be absorbed using existing staff and contract budgets.
The new rates adopted as a result will be designed to generate adequate sales revenue to fund
the Wastewater Collection utility’s operations in FY 2019. As discussed in the FY 2018
Wastewater Collection Utility Financial Plan (Staff Report 7855), preliminary projections show
that the utility may need roughly 7% more sales revenue in FY 2019 than is generated by
current rates. Expenses are projected to exceed revenues, with reserves being used to
moderate customer impacts as rates are brought to parity over several years. Costs in general
are projected to increase due to inflation. For more detail on these projections see the adopted
FY 2018 Wastewater Collection Utility Financial Plan.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
The process of adopting these policy objectives provides the UAC and Council an opportunity to
provide policy guidance to staff before work begins on the COSA.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Adoption of the Policy Objectives for the 2018 Wastewater Collection Cost of Service Analysis
does not meet the definition of a project, under Public Resources Code Section 21065 and
CEQA Guidelines Section 15378(b)(5), because it is an administrative governmental activity
which will not cause a direct or indirect physical change in the environment, thus no
environmental review is required.
ATTACHMENT
A. Proposed Policy Objectives for the 2018 Wastewater Collection Cost of Service Analysis
PREPARED BY:
REVIEWED BY:
APPROVED BY:
ERIC KENISTON, Senior Resource Planner ( C,. PJ~
JONATHAN ABENDSCHEIN, Assistant Director, Resource Manageme_n ~
~~ v''(
EDSHIKADA
Director of Utilities
Pa ge 5 of 5
ATTACHMENT A
Policy Objectives for the Wastewater Collection Utility Cost of Service Analysis
Objective 1. Rates must be based on the cost to serve customers. This is the overriding
principle for the cost of service analysis (COSA); all other rate design
considerations are subsidiary to this basic premise.
Objective 2. Examine the feasibility of a separate flat rate for multi-family dwelling units.
Objective 3. Evaluate the impact of proposed rate designs on low income customers and
mitigate if feasible.
Page 1 of 4
4
MEMORANDUM
TO: UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
FROM: UTILITIES DEPARTMENT
DATE: August 2, 2017
SUBJECT: Discussion of Electric Integrated Resource Plan – California Wholesale Energy
Market Overview and Electric Portfolio Cost Drivers
______________________________________________________________________________
REQUEST
In furtherance of the development an Electric Integrated Resource Plan (EIRP) for the 2019 to
2030 planning horizon, this report along with the attached presentation is intended to provide
the Utilities Advisory Commission (UAC) an overview of California’s wholesale energy market,
the City of Palo Alto Utilities’ (CPAU) role and interaction with the wholesale market, and its
projected electric supply cost including key cost drivers and uncertainties.
No UAC action is requested at this time.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The EIRP provides the necessary planning and policy framework to meet CPAU’s planning needs.
The EIRP – which is to be developed over the next eighteen months – will address several
important electric portfolio decisions and strategic actions needed over the next two to three
years for the 2019 to 2030 planning horizon. Through the EIRP process, staff will explore key
policy issues related to:
Commitment to large hydroelectric resources, including the upcoming renewal of the
We stern Base Resource contract post-2024;
Modifications to the Renewable Portfolio Standard to meet or exceed California’s
legislative and regulatory requirements;
Management of supply variability and market risk including operational risks associated
with intermittent resources;
Management and planning for increased transmission costs;
Maximizing the value of the City’s share in the California Oregon Transmission Project;
Maximizing the City’s value in the Calaveras Hydroelectric Project;
How to minimize the risk of stranding assets;
How to plan for increased Distributed Energy Resources and their impacts on load;
How to integrate the impacts of the City’s Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (S/CAP)
goals, including building electrification and electric vehicles; and
How to best define Carbon Neutrality for the Palo Alto community.
Page 2 of 4
Included within staff’s proposed work plan to develop the EIRP (Attachment A) are a series of
discussion topics relevant to the electric supply portfolio. The purpose of the discussion items is
to establish a common understanding of some of the internal and external drivers and
uncertainties which will influence electric supply portfolio decisions in the future. An overview
of the California energy market and the City’s role in the market along with projected portfolio
costs, cost drivers and uncertainties is provided in this report to help build a common
understanding of these issues.
BACKGROUND
At the June 7, 2017 UAC meeting, staff provided a report and presentation outlining the need
for CPAU to develop a new EIRP along with a proposed work plan to develop this EIRP. The
intent of the proposed approach is to both meet CPAU’s planning needs and to comply with IRP
requirements as provided for in California’s Senate Bill 350 and the Public Utility Code.
Additionally, at the June UAC meeting, staff provided a high level overview of the electric
portfolio load and resource make-up, the City’s history of long-term planning and sustainability
efforts, and the strategic drivers and uncertainties facing the utility. Overall the UAC was
supportive of the staff’s proposed process, including the tentative work plan, and had several
questions and comments related to potential load impacts due to electrification and concerns
regarding reliability at the distribution system level (draft excerpted UAC minutes attached). The
CPAU Strategic Plan update, which is currently underway, will address the UAC commissioners’
concerns related to distribution system resiliency and reliability.
DISCUSSION
The following is a summary of the attached presentation on the California wholesale energy
market and CPAU’s electric supply portfolio cost drivers.
California Energy Market and CPAU’s Role
The California wholesale electricity market is a complex system made up of multiple players,
multiple jurisdictions, and a wide array of legislative and regulatory requirements. CPAU is a
publicly-owned utility (POU) subject to Council-approved policies, rates, rules and regulations in
addition to legislative and regulatory requirements set forth in the California Public Utility Code.
CPAU operates as a load serving entity within the California Independent System Operator
(CAISO) balancing authority and as such CPAU must adhere to CAISO’s scheduling, reliability and
tariff requirements. The CAISO forecasts electric demand every five minutes and uses its full-
network model to dispatch the lowest-cost generators to meet this demand while ensuring
there is enough transmission capacity to reliably deliver this power to all member utilities. On a
national level, CPAU must also adhere to Western Energy Coordinating Council requirements,
North American Reliability Corporation standards, and the Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission’s rules and orders.
CPAU interacts with the CAISO through the Northern California Power Agency (NCPA). NCPA is
the City’s scheduling coordinator for all of its electrical load needs and almost all of its supply
Page 3 of 4
resources. Additionally, the City along with other member cities and agencies1 operate as a
sub-control area within the CAISO under a special arrangement referred to as the Metered
Subsystem Agreement (MSSA). The MSSA allows NCPA to aggregate participating members’
loads and some of their resources. The MSSA also obligates the participants to follow their
fluctuating load requirements in real-time using their own generating resources, such as
hydroelectricity from the Calaveras Project. In an effort to maximize the value of supply
resources, CPAU staff works closely with NCPA staff and the other members to develop
operating and bidding strategies for these resources.
Portfolio Cost, Drivers, and Uncertainties
The Council-approved fiscal year 2018 Financial Plan for electric includes total projected costs of
$158.4 million, of which $88 million is attributable to electric supply costs. By the year 2027,
electric supply related costs are expected to increase to $96.5 million – a cumulative increase of
nine percent. Current and future cost drivers include:
Western Base Resource (WBR) costs, including Restoration Fund obligations under the
Central Valley Power Improvement Act (CVPIA);
Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) and Carbon Neutral Plan costs;
Low Voltage and High Voltage Transmission Access Charges (TAC);
NCPA power management, generation and legislative and regulatory services costs;
CAISO and other market costs; and
Calaveras Hydroelectric Project and NCPA Debt.
Meeting the City’s RPS, rising TAC charges, and Western Base Resource costs make up a
significant portion of current and future supply costs. Additionally, the costs are highly
uncertain and dependent on several factors including hydrological conditions, market prices,
and state and federal legislative and regulatory requirements. The EIRP will focus on these
significant components of the electric portfolio including seeking policy direction and strategies
to plan for and manage costs going forward.
NEXT STEPS
Following this overview of the California Energy Market and Portfolio Cost Drivers (item #2 of
work plan), staff will provide an overview of Load Forecasting and the elements to be addressed
in the Distribution Energy Resource (DER) Plan (items #3 and #4). The attached EIRP work plan
reflects the most current schedule of topical discussions and future actions related to the EIRP.
RESOURCE IMPACT
There is no direct resource impact associated with this informational report.
1The NCPA Joint Powers Agreement (JPA) was first established in 1968 to finance and construct electric generation
projects including geothermal, natural gas and hydroelectric power. The City of Palo Alto is a founding member of
NCPA. Other members include the cities and/or agencies of Alameda, Biggs, Gridley, Healdsburg, Lodi, Lompoc,
Plumas-Sierra, Redding, Roseville, Santa Clara, Shasta Lake, Ukiah, Bay Area Rapid Transit, the Port of Oakland, and
Truckee-Donner Public Utility District.
POLICY IMPLICATIONS
There is no direct policy impact associated with this information report.
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
The Utilities Advisory Commission's discussion of the EIRP work plan does not meet the
definition of a project under Public Resources Code 21065 and therefore California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA} review is not required.
ATTACHMENTS
A. Electric Integrated Resource Plan -Proposed Work Plan
B. Presentation on the California Wholesale Energy Market and Portfolio Cost Drivers
C. Draft Excerpted Minutes from the June 7, 2017 UAC meeting
PREPARED BY:
REVIEWED BY:
APPROVED BY:
~ ~ONICA PADILLA, Senior Resource Planner
\:JIM STACK, Senior Resource Planner
JONATH%DSCHEIN, Assistant rnrector, Resource Manag).nt
L? v '
EDSHIKADA
General Manager of Utilities
Page 4of 4
ATTACHMENT A
Table 1: Proposed EIRP Work Plan
Discussion Item Meeting Objectives/Goals UAC Council
1.EIRP Overview
and Work Plan
Provide a high level framework for
what will be discussed, time line;
guiding principles; and key drivers.
June 2017
(discussion) -
DONE
August 2017 – INFO
ONLY
2.Market
Overview and
Portfolio Cost
Drivers
Overview of the California energy
market, the City’s participation,
Northern California Power Agency;
Portfolio cost drivers and
uncertainties.
August 2017
(discussion)
3.Load Forecast -
Needs
Assessment
Overview of electric load forecast
and energy/demand impacts from
EE, EV and PV
August 2017
(discussion)
4.Distributed
Energy
Resources
Strategy and
Planning for
Growth
Distributed Energy Resources Plan
- energy efficiency, Local Solar Plan,
distributed generation,
electrification, electric vehicles,
storage and distribution system
planning
August 2017
(discussion)
October 2017
(discussion),
January 2018
(action)
March 2018 (action)
5.Hydroelectric
Resources
Overview of Palo Alto’s
hydroelectric resources; hydro risk
management; Western Area Power
Administration’s 2025 Power
Marketing Plan; Calaveras Project;
key decisions; and direction.
September 2017
(discussion)
October 2017
INFO ONLY
6.Renewable
Portfolio
Standard
Overview of RPS; update to meet
SB 350 requirements; renewable
over-generation and curtailments;
and other RPS modifications.
November 2017
(action)
January/February 2018
Finance Committee/
Council (action)
7.Carbon Neutral
Plan
Overview and updates – dependent
on RPS, large hydro and non-RPS
eligible renewable direction;
assessment of alternative portfolios
and scenarios
February 2018
(discussion)
March/April 2018
Finance Committee/
Council (discussion)
8.Transmission Transmission planning in California;
California Oregon Transmission
Project; Second Transmission line
update
February/ March
2018 (discussion)
9.Proposed EIRP
Objectives, Key
Strategies and
Implementation
Plan
Draft EIRP objectives, key strategies
and implementation plan
June 2018
(possible action)
August/September
2018 Finance
Committee/Council
(possible action)
10.Final EIRP Approval of EIRP objectives;
strategies and implementation
plan; and SB 350 IRP submittal to
CEC
October 2018
(action)
November/December
2018 Finance
Committee/Council
(action)
Electric Integrated Resource Plan – Market
Overview & Supply Cost Drivers
August 2, 2017
ATTACHMENT B
EIRP Proposed Work Plan
Electric IRP Overview,
Key Drivers & Work Plan
UAC Discussions
June 2017 through June 2018
Electric IRP Objectives,
Strategies &
Implementation Plan
Draft to UAC – June/July 2018
Final UAC: October 2018
Council: December 2018
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2018 2017
2
Distributed
Energy Resources
Plan
Hydroelectric Resources & The
2025 Western Power Marketing
Plan Analysis
Council
Action
Feb 2018
Transmission
Renewable
Portfolio
Standard
Carbon
Neutral Plan Council
Action
Jan 2018
Market &
Supply
Costs
Per SB 350 -
Council approval
of EIRP by
January 2019.
Submit to CEC
by April 2019
EIRP - Key Policy Questions
Should we renew our full share of the Western contract post-
2024
Should we increase our Renewable Portfolio Standard
How to define and meet Carbon Neutrality for Palo Alto
How to best manage supply variability and market risk
How to manage or plan for increased transmission costs
How to maximize value of California Oregon Transmission
Project
3
4
Presentation Focus
Overview of California’s Wholesale Energy Market and
Northern California Power Agency
Electric Supply Cost Projections
Electric Portfolio Cost, Drivers and Uncertainties
Electric Portfolio Directives
Next Steps
Part One
5
THE CALIFORNIA WHOLESALE ENERGY
MARKET
6
Wholesale Market Participants
Load Serving Entities:
–Investor Owned Utilities
–Publicly Owned Utilities – Palo Alto
–Community Choice Aggregators
–Direct Access Participants
Generators and Developers
Marketers
Scheduling Coordinators – Northern
California Power Agency
Balancing Areas – California
Independent System Operator
Transmission Owners & Operators
7
Roseville
Redding
Western Alameda
Biggs
Gridley
Healdsburg
Lodi
Lompoc
Palo Alto
Port of Oakland
Plumas Sierra
Santa Clara
Ukiah
Truckee Donner
BART
CT1
CT2
Hydro
Geo
LEC
Balancing Areas in California & NCPA
NCPA
8 Source: CAISO Company Facts Brochure
NCPA is one of 140
Scheduling
Coordinators
interacting with the
CAISO on a daily basis
NCPA schedules and
manages (during each
operating day)
•11 member loads
•5 NCPA-owned
generators
•13 member
generators
•More than 20 power
supply contracts
(Palo Alto has 12
contracts)
California Independent System Operator
Pre -
Scheduling
Schedule
Coordination
Dispatch
9
California Independent System Operator & NCPA
Dispatch Services:
24 hour operations
Real time coordination
with CAISO
Real time coordination
with members
Active day purchasing
and selling and real time
balancing
Schedule Coordination
Services:
24 hour operations
Submittal and retrieval
of load, energy and
capacity bids into the
CAISO Day Ahead and
Fifteen Minute Markets
Outage Coordination
N
C
P
A
S
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
10
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
HE07 HE08 HE09 HE10 HE11 HE12 HE13 HE14 HE15 HE16 HE17 HE18 HE19 HE20 HE21 HE22
Other Renew+Nuke Natural Gas Imports Wind Solar Scheduled Load
Example of Day-ahead Curtailment
11
Example of Real-time Curtailment
•Thirty eight Balancing
Authorities operate
autonomously in the Western
Interconnection
•Independent Balancing
Areas are merging
•Theory is that transmission
and generation resources
can be used more efficiently
when shared across a larger
geographic area and
managed by a single
operator
Diagram Source: Western Electricity Coordinating Council
West-wide Grid Operation Trends
Active Participants
•PacifiCorp – November 1, 2014
•NV Energy – December 1, 2015
•Puget Sound Energy – October 2016
•Arizona Public Service – October 2016
Planned Entrants
•Portland General Electric – 2017
•Idaho Power – 2018
•Seattle City Light – 2019
•CENACE/LADWP/BANC/SMUD - TBD
Issues
•Governance
•Transmission Rates
•Resource Value
•Resource Adequacy Rules
•CA Environmental Rules
Diagram Source: CAISO
California Energy Imbalance Market Activity
Part Two
14
ELECTRIC SUPPLY COST DRIVERS
Electric Portfolio Cost, Drivers and Uncertainties
15
Supply Cost - Fiscal Year 2018 and Long-term
Projection
Key Cost Drivers
Uncertainties
16
Electric Supply Cost – 10 Year Forecast line graph
17
Electric Supply Budget – Fiscal Year 2018
18
Electric Supply Cost – through 2030
Portfolio Cost Uncertainties
19
Recurring
–Hydroelectric Supply Variability
–Market Prices
–Intermittent Resources
Large Uncertainties
–CAISO and Transmission Access Charges
–Resource Adequacy
–Western Base Resource
–Renewable Portfolio Standard
–Regionalization
Net Revenue – Load variability
20
Supply Variability
21
Electric Rate Components
22
Portfolio Cost Uncertainty
Portfolio Cost and Risk Management
23
Energy Risk Management Program
–Polices, Guidelines and Procedures
Hedging Strategy
Scheduling Optimization Legislative and Regulatory
Advocacy
–NCPA, CMUA, APPA and TANC
Bay Area Municipal Transmission Group (BAMx)
Congestion Revenue Rights
Reserves and Rates
24
Item Purpose & Objectives UAC Council
EIRP Overview and Work Plan Provide a high level framework for what will be
discussed, time line; guiding principles; and key drivers.
June 2017
(discussion) DONE
August 2017
INFO ONLY
Market Overview and Portfolio
Cost Drivers
Overview of the California energy market, the City’s
participation, Northern California Power Agency;
Portfolio cost drivers and uncertainties.
August 2017
(discussion)
Load Forecast - Needs
Assessment
Overview of electric load forecast and– energy, demand
and impacts from EE, EV and PV
August 2017
(discussion)
Distributive Energy Resources
Strategy and Planning for Growth
Distributive Energy Resources Plan - energy efficiency,
Local Solar Plan, distributed generation, electrification,
electric vehicles, storage and distribution system
planning
August 2017
October 2017,
January 2018
(action)
March 2018 (action)
Hydroelectric Resources Overview of Palo Alto’s hydroelectric resources; hydro
risk management; Western Area Power Administration’s
2025 Power Marketing Plan; Calaveras Project; key
decisions; and direction.
September 2017
(discussion)
Portfolio Alternatives Overview of alternative resource portfolios to be
evaluated and metrics.
September 2017
(discussion)
Renewable Portfolio Standard Overview of RPS; update to meet SB 350 requirements;
renewable over-generation and curtailments; and other
RPS modifications.
November 2017
(action)
January/ February
2018 Finance
Committee/
Council(action)
Carbon Neutral Plan Overview and updates – dependent on RPS and large
hydro direction; assessment of alternative portfolios and
scenarios
February 2018
(discussion)
March/April Finance
Committee/ Council
(discussion)
Transmission Transmission planning in California; California Oregon
Transmission Project; Second Transmission line update
February/March
2018 (discussion)
Proposed EIRP Objectives, Key
Strategies and Implementation
Plan
Draft EIRP objectives, key strategies and implementation
plan;
June 2018 (possible
action)
August/September
2018 Finance
Committee/Council
(possible action)
Final EIRP Approval of EIRP objectives; strategies and
implementation plan; and SB 350 IRP submittal to CEC
October 2018
(action)
November/December
2018 Finance
Committee/Council
(action)
Feedback
ATTACHMENT C
EXCERPTED DRAFT MINUTES OF THE JUNE 7, 2017
UTILITIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
ITEM 2: DISCUSSION: Staff Recommendation that the UAC Provide Feedback on the Development of
the City of Palo Alto Utilities Electric Integrated Resource Plan
Senior Resource Planner Monica Padilla introduced the Electric Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) project
and provided a presentation which included:
A high level overview of the electric supply portfolio and planning needs over the 2019 to 2030
planning horizon;
Brief history of long-term planning initiatives and key policies;
Identification of key issues and drivers facing the electric supply utility, including the impending
expiration of the current Western Base Resource (WBR) contract in 2024 and the need to
determine how much, if any of the contract would be renewed post 2024;
Identification of several major uncertainties including State level policies and/or legislation
which will drive the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) and Cap and Trade; and
An 18 month proposed work plan to develop the IRP and submit it to the California Energy
Commission (CEC) as required by law.
The objective of the presentation was to facilitate a discussion with the UAC about the key issues that
need to be addressed in the IRP and solicit feedback on a proposed IRP development work plan.
Throughout the presentation, several UAC commissioners raised questions related to the electric supply
portfolio.
Vice Chair Danaher asked how electric vehicles factored into the energy efficiency and load calculations
and how would the City handle a large increase in electric vehicle uptake.
Padilla responded that the current load forecast assumes a certain penetration of electric vehicles and
corresponding increase in load; however that the load forecast will be updated to reflect the findings of
the Distributed Energy Resource Plan (DER Plan). The DER Plan will evaluate various electric vehicle
deployment scenarios. Padilla also added that any increases in load resulting from electric vehicles
and/or electrification may result in the need to procure additional resources.
Commissioner Johnston asked if three and one-half percent (3.5%) losses between electric supply
purchases and retail sales was within the range of industry standards.
Padilla confirmed that they were. She added that the DER Plan will look for opportunities to minimiz e
losses through efficiency measures.
Commissioner Forssell asked whether the portfolio was assessed based on an average precipitation and
hydroelectric generation year and whether there would be any assessment of potential droughts in the
planning process.
Padilla confirmed the portfolio was assessed based on average precipitation and added that
management of the two hydroelectric resources would be the focus of one of the topics for the IRP
update.
Padilla continued the presentation, describing the City’s contract with the Western Area Power
Administration for power from Central Valley Project hydroelectric resources. This resource provides
roughly 40% of Palo Alto’s needs. These projects were built primarily for flood control. This contract was
coming up for renewal and making a decision on this resource would be part of the IRP process.
Commissioner Trumbull asked when the WBR contract was up for renewal and when the decision would
need to be made.
Padilla said the contract would expire at the end of 2024, but the decision to sign a new contract and
would have to be made in the next few years. She added that the renewal of the WBR contract followed
a formal process under Western’s 2025 Power Marketing Plan and staff has been actively engaged in
provided comments both on its own and through the Northern California Power Agency.
Commissioner Forssell confirmed that because the projects were built for flood control, the City had
very little control over how they were dispatched.
Padilla confirmed that was the case.
Commissioner Danaher asked for clarification on why emissions were shown in the chart when the City’s
power came entirely from hydroelectric resources and renewable energy.
Padilla noted that emissions had gradually reduced as more of the City’s renewable energy projects
came online, and that emissions were higher when hydroelectric generation was low.
Commissioner Ballantine talked about his experience on a nuclear naval vessel. The vessel included
power from a reactor, but also a backup diesel generator and a battery. He said the developing
complexity in the electric grid would end up requiring more work to maintain grid stability. Solar
projects did not provide reliability as currently configured because they turned off during a grid outage.
He thought reliability might be a valuable addition to the IRP plan.
Padilla supported his concerns and added that the IRP will look at reliability at a grid level and also as
part of the overall transmission planning. System reliability at the distribution level will be looked at as
part of the Utilities Strategic Plan.
ACTION: No Action